ABCMdb

ABCC7 p.Arg553*

None has been submitted yet.

Publications

PMID: 11536079 [PubMed] Le Saux O et al: "A spectrum of ABCC6 mutations is responsible for pseudoxanthoma elasticum."

No. Sentence Comment

313 Biochem Biophys Res Commun 274:297-301 Hou Y-X, Cui L, Riordan JR, Chang X-B (2000) Allosteric interactions between the two non-equivalent nucleotide binding domains of multidrug resistance protein MRP1. J Biol Chem 275:20280-20287 Hull J, Shackleton S, Harris A (1994) The stop mutation R553X in the CFTR gene results in exon skipping. Login to comment

PMID: 10021451 [PubMed] Zeitlin PL et al: "Novel pharmacologic therapies for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

48 This has been demonstrated for W1282X and R553X in vitro. Login to comment
349 Severe deficiency of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator messenger RNA carrying nonsense mutations R553X and W1316X in respiratory epithelial cells of patients with cystic fibrosis. Login to comment

PMID: 10050655 [PubMed] Lissens W et al: "Molecular analysis of the cystic fibrosis gene reveals a high frequency of the intron 8 splice variant 5T in Egyptian males with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

32 Initially, eight of the males` samples were analysed by a commercial kit allowing the detection of eight mutations in the CFTR gene: ∆F508, ∆I507, G542X, G551D, R553X, 1717-1G→A, W1282X and N1303K (INNO-LiPA CF, Innogenetics, Zwijnaarde, Belgium). Login to comment
53 In this patient, normal bands were visible at the sites of the other mutations localized in exon 11 (1717-1G→A, G551D, R553X) thereby excluding a deletion of exon 11. Login to comment

PMID: 10077727 [PubMed] Loumi O et al: "Analysis of the complete coding region of the CFTR gene in ten Algerian cystic fibrosis families."

No. Sentence Comment

43 Surprisingly, none of the defined mutations (G542X, R553X, G551D, 1717 - 1G→A) which occur relatively frequently in exon 11 in Caucasian populations was identified in our Algerian population. Login to comment

PMID: 10099982 [PubMed] Dohle GR et al: "The complex relationships between cystic fibrosis and congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens: clinical, electrophysiological and genetic data."

No. Sentence Comment

58 CFTR mutation analysis was performed for 10 mutations: we analysed for the mutations R117H, A455E, ∆F508, 1717-1G→A, G542X, R553X, R1162X, S1251N, W1282X, and N1303K. Login to comment
75 The ∆F508 mutation was found in eight patients, R117H in six, A445E in three and 1717-1G→A and R553X both in one. Login to comment
81 Chymotr.Ͻ 23/22 CF response (I) ∆F508/R117H 9/7 CF in family 3 33 CARA/oily stools GgtϾ,Chymotr.Ͻ 23/36 CF response (I) ∆F508/- 9/7 4 31 Pelvic re kidney NA 10/22 CF response (I) -/- 7/7 5 32 Sinusitis/nasal Chymotr.Ͻ 50/52 CF low residual (II) A455E/- 9/5 Partner ∆dF508 polyps 6 38 NA NA 40/43 CF high residual (III) A445E/R117H 9/7 7 27 NA GgtϾ,Chymotr.Ͻ 28/44 CF high residual (III) R117H/R553X 7/7 Partner R117H 8 38 Nasal polyps NA 34/51 CF high residual (III) ∆F508/R117H 9/7 Pertussis 9 36 NA NA 58/70 CF high residual (III) ∆F508/- 9/5 10 31 NA GgtϾ 54/70 CF high residual (III) ∆F508/- 9/5 Partner R117H 11 32 Maldescended GgtϾ 16/34 CF high residual (III) -/- 9/7 Single kidney in family testis 12 35 NA NA 14/21 Inconclusive ∆F508/- 9/7 13 29 NA NA 43/70 Normal response (IV) A455E/R117H 9/7 14 38 NA NA 32/55 Normal response (IV) R117H/1717-1→G→A 7/7 15 29 NA GgtϾ 44/66 Normal response (IV) ∆F508/R117H 9/7 16 28 NA NA 42/48 Normal response (IV) R117H/- 7/7 17 36 NA NA 22/44 Normal response (IV) -/- 7/5 Non-Caucasian 18 34 NA NA 57/30 Normal response (IV) -/- 7/7 Non-Caucasian 19 39 NA NA 36/52 Normal response (IV) -/- 7/7 Non-Caucasian 20 31 NA NA 16/30 Normal response (IV) -/- 7/7 Non-Caucasian 21 34 NA NA 20/41 Normal response (IV) -/- 7/7 NA ϭ no abnormalities, GgT ϭ gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, Chymotr. Login to comment

PMID: 10223721 [PubMed] Mansoura MK et al: "Fluorescent chloride indicators to assess the efficacy of CFTR cDNA delivery."

No. Sentence Comment

252 The efficacy of aminoglycoside s in promoting read-through in the CFTR nonsense mutations G542X and R553X was shown using Cl2 indicators (Howard et al., 1996a). Login to comment

PMID: 10325788 [PubMed] Sarles J et al: "Blood concentrations of pancreatitis associated protein in neonates: relevance to neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

77 Other genotypes were F508/G542X (n=4), F508/N1303K (n=2), F508/I148T (n=2), F508/R117H, F508/R553X, F508/1717-1G->A, F508/ 1078delT, F508/2789+5G->A, F508/ E1308X (a novel CFTR mutation), R553X/ 394delTT, and N1303K/R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 10330420 [PubMed] Kalin N et al: "DeltaF508 CFTR protein expression in tissues from patients with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

12 Skin biopsies were taken from the right shoulder of 5 healthy volunteers, 4 ∆F508 homozygous CF patients, and 3 CF patients homozygous for the stop mutations R553X (n = 1) and G542X (n = 2). Login to comment
65 Three skin biopsies from patients homozygous for the CFTR stop mutations R553X and G542X and 1 rectal suction biopsy homozygous for an out-of-frame deletion of exons 2 and 3 (biopsy and mutation analysis provided by F. Mekus, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover) that results in a stop in exon 4 were analyzed by CFTR immunohistochemistry 1380 The Journal of Clinical Investigation | May 1999 | Volume 103 | Number 10 Figure 1 CFTR antibodies PAC13, PAC865, MATG1104, and M3A7 detect the characteristic immunoreactive CFTR bands in immunoblot analysis of T84 cells. Login to comment
90 (1c) Isotype control: M3A7 was replaced by IgG1κ; (2c) internal negative control: MATG1104 was employed for investigation of skin biopsies from patients with 2 null alleles (R553X/R553X); (3c) preimmune serum: the polyclonal CFTR antibody PAC13 was replaced by the preimmune serum of the same rabbit. Login to comment
133 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b: ×6,168. ing was demonstrated by common negative controls and the absence of specific signals in skin biopsies homozygous for the stop mutations G542X and R553X (n = 3). Login to comment

PMID: 10341008 [PubMed] Boucher D et al: "Screening for cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations in men included in an intracytoplasmic sperm injection programme."

No. Sentence Comment

51 Each patient was tested for the nine most frequent cystic fibrosis-causing CFTR mutations: ∆F508, ∆I507, 1717-1G→A, G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X, N1303K, 621ϩ1G→T and the three most frequent CFTR mutations involved in CBAVD (∆F508, R117H and the IVS8 polyT). Login to comment
53 The other mutations were detected using either heteroduplex analysis (∆I507), allele specific oligonucleotide (ASO) hybridization (G542X, 1717-1G→A, IVS8 polyT) (Kerem et al., 1990), restriction endonuclease analysis (G551D, R553X, W1282X) (Zielenski et al., 1991) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated site-directed mutagenesis (621ϩ1G→T, R117H, N1303K) (Friedman et al., 1991). Login to comment
60 Restriction digestion and electrophoresis (Figures 2 and 3) Detection of 621ϩ1G→T, R117H, G551D, R553X, W1282X and N1303K were performed using appropriate restriction enzymes (New England Biolabs, Ozyme, Saint Quentin Yvelines, France) as described in Table IV. Login to comment
94 Methods for detecting mutations Mutation Method R117H PCR-mediated-site-directed mutagenesis, HaeII digestion N: 113 ϩ 24 bp R117H: 137 bp 621ϩ1G→T MseI digestion N: 269 ϩ 33 bp 621ϩ1G→T: 215 ϩ 54 ϩ 33 bp IVS8polyT ASO hybridization: hybridization at 50°C 5T: TGT GTG TGT TTT TAA CAG washing at 55°C 7T: TGT GTG TTT TTT TAA CAG washing at 51°C 9T: GTG TGT TTT TTT TTA ACA G washing at 55°C ∆I507 Heteroduplex DNA formation ∆F508 Heteroduplex DNA formation (see Figure 1) 17171G→A ASO hybridization, hybridization at 42°C, washing at 54°C N: TTT GGT AAT AGG ACA TCT CC 17171G→A: TTT GGT AAT AAG ACA TCT CC G542X ASO hybridization, hybridization at 42°C, washing at 49°C N: ACC TTC TCC AAG AAC T G542X: ACC TTC TCA AAG AAC T G551D DpnII digestion: N: 425 bp G551D: 243 ϩ 182 bp R553X HincII digestion N: 239 ϩ 186 bp R553X: 425 bp W1282X MnlI digestion N: 178 ϩ 172 ϩ 123 bp W1282X: 301 ϩ 172 bp N1303K PCR-mediated-site-directed mutagenesis, BstNI digestion N: 266 ϩ 23 bp N1303K: 289 bp The underlining indicates the location of nucleotide substitution in normal and mutated allele. Login to comment

PMID: 10376575 [PubMed] Mak V et al: "Proportion of cystic fibrosis gene mutations not detected by routine testing in men with obstructive azoospermia."

No. Sentence Comment

28 Analysis for 31 of the most common CFTR mutations found within the white CF population,60 consisting of ⌬F508, W1282X, G542X, G551D, N1303K, R553X, G85E, R117H, S549N, V520F, R334W, A455E, R347P, R1162X, Y122X, S549R, 621+1G→T, ⌬I507, R560T, R347H, 3659delC, Q493X, 1898+1G→T, 711+1G→T, 3849+10C→T, 1717-1G→A, 3849+4A→G, 3905insT, 1078delT, 2183AA→G, and 2789+5G→A. Briefly, the technique involved amplification by polymerase chain reaction61 of the relevant exons, followed by digestion with appropriate restriction endonucleases and acrylamide gel electrophoresis with ethidium bromide staining. Login to comment

PMID: 10388469 [PubMed] Castaldo G et al: "Detection of five rare cystic fibrosis mutations peculiar to Southern Italy: implications in screening for the disease and phenotype characterization for patients with homozygote mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

13 A few mutations (i.e., ⌬F508, N1303K, G542X, and R553X) are frequent worldwide; the other mutations are regional or "private" mutations. Login to comment
36 All patients were first analyzed for eight CF mutations, i.e., ⌬F508, N1303K, G542X, W1282X, 1717-1G3A, R553X, 2183AA3G, and I148T (9). Login to comment
39 methods The eight CF mutations (i.e., ⌬F508, N1303K, G542X, W1282X, 1717-1G3A, R553X, 2183AA3G, and I148T) were identified with a semi-automated procedure based on a single multiplex PCR amplification followed by the allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) identification we described previously (9). Login to comment

PMID: 10392242 [PubMed] Bucholtz GA et al: "The cystic fibrosis conductance regulator gene exon sequence is normal in a patient with edematous eosinophilic nasal polyps."

No. Sentence Comment

11 12,13 Burger et al. analyzed 112 nasal polyp specimens from non-CF patients for 8 cystic fibrosis conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations (Ll508, Ll] 507, D 11OH, TI17H, 621+ IG---7T, N1303K, G551D, R553X).14 Ho- Delivered by Publishing Technology to: University of North Carolina IP: 152.19.83.63 On: Mon, 08 Aug 2011 14:07:01 Copyright (c) Oceanside Publications, Inc. All rights reserved. For permission to copy go to www.copyright.com mozygous or compound heterozygous individuals were not found. Login to comment

PMID: 10402399 [PubMed] Jakubiczka S et al: "Frequency of CFTR gene mutations in males participating in an ICSI programme."

No. Sentence Comment

13 Materials and methods CFTR screening included the most frequent CFTR mutations in the German population (R347P, ∆F508, G542X, S549I,N,R(A→C), G551D, R553X, N1303K, and 3849ϩ10kbC→T) (Do¨rk et al., 1994) as well as the mutation R117H and the analysis of the IVS8-T haplotype. Login to comment

PMID: 10439967 [PubMed] Liechti-Gallati S et al: "Two buffer PAGE system-based SSCP/HD analysis: a general protocol for rapid and sensitive mutation screening in cystic fibrosis and any other human genetic disease."

No. Sentence Comment

20 The distribution of analysed known mutations is similar to that of the total number of mutations in the entire CFTR gene: missense mutations account for 35% (G27E, G85E, R117H, A120T, I148T, H199Y, R334W, T338I, R347P, R347H, A455E, M718K, S5449N, S5449I, G551D, R560T, R560S, S945L, S977P, I1005R, R1066C, R1070Q, M1101K, D1152H, S1235R, R1283M, N1303K, N1303H), followed by 28% of frameshift mutations (175delC, 394delTT, 457TAT- > G, 905delG, 1078delT, I507, F508, 1609delCA, 1677delTA, 2143delT, 2176insC, 218delA, 2184insA, 2869insG, 3659delC, 3732delA, 3821delT, 3905insT, 4016insT, 4172delGC, 4382delA), 21% of nonsense mutations (Q30X, Q39X, Q220X, W401X, Q525X, G542X, Q552X, R553X, V569X, E585X, K710X, R792X, Y1092X, R1162X, S1255X, W1282X, E1371X), and 16% of splice site mutations (621 + 1G- > T, 711 + 1G- > T, 711 + 5G- > A, 1717-1G- > A, 1898 + 1G- > A, 1898 + 5G- > T, 2789 + 5G- > A, 3271 + 1G- > A, 3272-26A- > G, 3601-17T- > C, 3849 + 4A- > G, 3849 + 10kbC- > T, 4374 + 1G- > T). Login to comment
34 Intron 19, all 27 exons and their exon-intron boundaries, including the 24 most common mutations worldwide (G85E, R117H, 621 + 1G- > T, 711 + 1G- > T, 1078delT, R334W, R347P, A455E, I507, F508, 1717-1G- > A, G542X, S549N, G551D, R553X, R560T, 1898 + 1G- > A, 2184delA, 2789 + 5G- > A, R1162X, 3659delC, 3849 + 10kbC- > T, W1282X, N1303K) (Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium 1994), and the 15 most common mutations in our population (I148T, 1078delT, R334W, R347P, F508, 1717-1G- > A, G542X, R553X, 2347delG, D1152H, R1162X, 3849 + 10kbC- > T, 3905insT, W1282X, N1303K), were considered in this study. Login to comment
61 The slots C present wild type (wt) sequences, 1-8 present amplification products from CF patients with the following genotypes: 1 = R553X/R553X; 2 = 1717-1G- > A/wt; 3 = R553X/wt; 4 = G542X/wt; 5 = G542X/1717-1G- > A; 6 = G551D/wt; 7 = R560T/wt; 8 = S549N/wt. Login to comment
92 The technique developed demonstrates excellent single-strand separation and non-radioactive visualisation on polyacrylamide gels, and is time-saving and directly Table 2 Known mutations identified in 198 CF patients analysed investigatively Exon (E) Number of CFTR mutations intron (I) chromosomes Patient`s nationality Highest prevalence ∆F508 E10 212 miscellaneous 3905insT E20 025 Swiss Swiss, Amish, Arcadian R553X E11 020 Swiss, German German 1717-1G->A I10 017 Swiss, Italian Italian N1303K E21 011 Swiss, French, Italian Italian W1282X E20 014 Swiss, Italian, Israelit Jewish-Askhenazi G542X E11 009 Swiss, Spanish, Italian Spanish 2347delG E13 008 Swiss R1162X E19 006 Swiss, Italian, Russian Italian 3849+10kbC->T I19 005 German, French R347P E07 004 Swiss T5 I08 004 Swiss R334W E07 003 Swiss Q525X E10 003 Swiss 3732delA E19 003 Swiss S1235R E19 003 Italian, Turkish G85E E03 002 Italian, Greek I148T E04 002 Austrian, Turkish French-Canadian 621+1G->T I04 002 French French-Canadian 1078delT E07 002 Swiss E585X E12 002 Italian 2176insC E13 002 Swiss, Italian 2789+5G->A I14b 002 Italian Spanish D1152H E18 002 Swiss, French 4016insT E21 002 Turkish Q39X E02 001 Swiss 394delTT E03 001 Swiss Nordic, Finnish R117H E04 001 Swiss A120T E04 001 Swiss G126D E04 001 Swiss 711+5G->A I05 001 Russian M348K E07 001 Italian L568F E12 001 Italian 2183AA->G E13 001 Italian Italian K710X E13 001 Swiss S945L E15 001 French 3272-26A.->G I17a 001 Swiss M1101K E17b 001 Swiss Huttite 3601-17C->T I18 001 Swiss R1158X E19 001 Swiss 4005+1G-A I20 001 Italian applicable to early diagnostic testing, carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis. Login to comment

PMID: 10444722 [PubMed] Gasparini P et al: "Analysis of 31 CFTR mutations by polymerase chain reaction/oligonucleotide ligation assay in a pilot screening of 4476 newborns for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

46 Table 1 Mutations analysed in the CFTR gene using polymerase chain reaction/oligonucleotide litigation assay/sequence coded separation Mutation Location Nucleotide Result F508 Exon 10 3 bp deletion Deletion of Phe-508 I507 Exon 10 3 bp deletion Deletion of Ile-507 (or -506) Q493X Exon 10 C-1609 →→ T Gln-493 → Stop V520F Exon 10 G-1690 → T Val-520 → Phe 1717-1G → A Intron 10 G-1717-1 → A 3`-splice site mutation G542X Exon 11 G-1756 → T Gly-542 → Stop G551D Exon 11 G-1784 → A Gly-551 → Asp R553X Exon 11 C-1789 → T Arg-553 → Stop R560T Exon 11 G-1811 → C Arg-560 → Thr S549R Exon 11 T-1779 → G Ser-549 → Arg S549N Exon 11 G-1778 → A Ser-549 → Asn 3849+10 kb C → T Intron 19 C-3849+10 kb → T Splice mutation 3849+4A → G Intron 19 A-3849+4 → G Splice mutation R1162X Exon 19 C-3616 → T Arg-1162 → Stop 3659delC Exon 19 1 bp deletion Frameshift W1282X Exon 20 G-3978 → A Trp-1282 → Stop 3905insT Exon 20 1 bp insertion Frameshift N1303K Exon 21 C-4041 → G Asn-1303 → Lys G85E Exon 3 G-386 → A Gly-85 → Glu 621+1G → T Intron 4 G-621+1 → T 5`-splice site mutation R117H Exon 4 G-482 → A Arg-117 → His Y122X Exon 4 T-498 → A Tyr-122 → Stop 711+1G → T Intron 5 G-711+1 → T 5`-splice site mutation 1078delT Exon 7 1 bp deletion Frameshift R347P Exon 7 G-1172 → C Arg-347 → Pro R347H Exon 7 G-1172 → A Arg-347 → His R334W Exon 7 C-1132 → T Arg-334 → Trp A455E Exon 9 C-1496 → A Ala-455 → Glu 1898+1G → A Intron 12 G-1898+1 → A 5`-splice site mutation 2184delA Exon 13 Deletion A-2184; A-2183 → G Frameshift 2789+5G → A Intron 14B G-2789+5 → A Splice mutation Table 2 Summary of cystic fibrosis screening results No of samples analysed Normal subjects Carriers Carrier frequency Turin 1574 1521 53 1/29.7 Pavia 1341 1299 42 1/31.9 San Giovanni Rotondo 1561 1512 49 1/31.8 Total 4476 4332 144 1/31.1 Table 3 Detailed list of mutations detected in the Italian population Centre F508 G542X R347P 2183-AG N1303K 711+1GT 1717-1A R347H R117H 1898+1G 2789+5G W1282X R1162X I507 Other TO 33 2 1 1 5 1 1 2 3 2 2 - - - PV 27 - - 1 2 - 1 - 5 - 1 2 1 1 SGR 30 14 2 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - TO, Dipartimento di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale Infantile "Regina Margherita, Torino; PV, Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Università di Pavia, Pavia; SGR, Servizio di Genetica Medica and Divisione di Neonatologia, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della SoVerenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia. Login to comment

PMID: 10456926 [PubMed] Parad RB et al: "Pulmonary outcome in cystic fibrosis is influenced primarily by mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and immune status and only modestly by genotype."

No. Sentence Comment

51 Genomic DNA isolated from each subject was evaluated for the presence of any of twelve CFTR gene mutations (⌬F508, G551D, G542X, 621ϩ1G3T, ⌬I507, 1717-1 G3A, R117H, N1303K, W1282X, R560T, R553X, and 3849ϩ10kb C3T) by one of three standard assays (10, 11, 32). Login to comment

PMID: 10605524 [PubMed] Banjar H et al: "Geographic distribution of cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene mutations in Saudi Arabia."

No. Sentence Comment

4 Pancreatic insuf® ciency (PI) was found in the following mutations: 1548delG in exon 10 (15%) which occurred mainly in native Saudi patients in the central province; 3120 1 1G ® A in intron 16 (10%) and H139L in exon 4 (7%), found mainly in native Saudis from the eastern province; D F508 mutation (13%) which occurred mainly in expatriates of Middle Eastern origin from different provinces; L117X in exon 19 (2%); G115X in exon 4 (2%); 7111 1G ® A in intron 5 (2%); N 1303K in exon 21(2%) and 425del42 in exon 4 (1%); I1234V in exon 19 (13%) with a predominance of nasal polyps and a variable degree of PI and lung disease; R553X in exon 11 (1%), with electrolyte imbalance; and S549R in 11 (2%) with pancreatic suf® ciency and minimal pulmonary disease. Login to comment
31 1 Sa S 1 1 N1303K/3120 1 1G® A* 1 NonSa W 1 1 R553X/31201 1G ® A* 1 NonSa W 1 1 7 Total 9 Total 9 Total Exon 19 I1234V 4/1/1 Sa C/W/S 12 13 NP Exon 21 N1303K/3120 1 1G® A* 1 NonSa W 1 1 N1303K/1548delG* 1 Sa E 1 1 2 Total 2 Total 2 Total a All mutations are homozygous except if otherwise indicated; ? Login to comment
43 R553X/3120 1 1G ® A was found in one family with a predominance of electrolyte imbalance. Login to comment

PMID: 10627945 [PubMed] Gundry CN et al: "Rapid F508del and F508C assay using fluorescent hybridization probes."

No. Sentence Comment

149 Other clinically significant mutations (e.g., G542X, R553X, R1162X, N1303K, W1282X, G551D, G5151X, etc.) Login to comment

PMID: 10636451 [PubMed] Schaedel C et al: "Three common CFTR mutations should be included in a neonatal screening programme for cystic fibrosis in Sweden."

No. Sentence Comment

54 patients 1 S549I/S549I Lebanon I148T/unknown1 Turkey 1 711+3GA/ Italy G1244E R553X/G551D1 France 2 R553X/unknown Sweden, Germany 175insT/175insT Sweden2 R117H/unknown2 Sweden 3 Unknown/unknown Sweden, Syria, Turkey early intervention (1, 3). Login to comment
75 In 3 patients the R553X mutation was found. Login to comment

PMID: 10712334 [PubMed] Wilschanski M et al: "A pilot study of the effect of gentamicin on nasal potential difference measurements in cystic fibrosis patients carrying stop mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

84 Quantification studies have shown that after aminoglycoside incubation, the amount of full-length CFTR produced is as much as 25% (in the R553X mutation) to 35% (in the G542X mutation) of that observed in cells transfected with a wild-type CFTR complementary DNA (cDNA) (9, 10). Login to comment

PMID: 10720936 [PubMed] Zeitlin PL et al: "Pharmacologic restoration of delta F508 CFTR-mediated chloride current."

No. Sentence Comment

83 W1282X and R553X Genistein, a member of the flavonoid class of mole- can be rescued in vitro. Login to comment

PMID: 10733236 [PubMed] Zebrak J et al: "Partial CFTR genotyping and characterisation of cystic fibrosis patients with myocardial fibrosis and necrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

59 The latter was negative for 14 other mutations: DI507, 1717-1GA, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, 3849+10kbCT, N1303K, W1282X, S549I, S549N, 621+1GT, 2789+5GA, R117H. Login to comment
78 No correlation of myocardial complications with CFTR mutations has been performed so far and, in the literature, only one case was recognised as a DF508/M compound heterozygote, negative for R347P, G551D, R553X and N1303K as a second mutation (9). Login to comment

PMID: 10755189 [PubMed] Stuhrmann M et al: "CFTR gene mutations and male infertility."

No. Sentence Comment

95 Most patients are of German origin CFTR genotype (mutation class in brackets) Patients with typical CF (%) Patients with CBAVD (%) DF508 (2)/DF508 (2) 247 (59.4) 0 DF508 (2)/N1303K (2) 17 (4.1) 0 DF508 (2)/R347P (4) 13 (3.1) 0 DF508 (2)/R553X (1) 11 (2.6) 0 DF508 (2)/G542X (1) 11 (2.6) 0 DF508 (2)/G551D (3) 11 (2.6) 0 DF508 (2)/R1162X (1) 10 (2.4) 0 DF508 (2)/3849+10 KbC T (5) 9 (2.2) 0 DF508 (2)/2789+5G A (5) 9 (2.2) 0 DF508 (2)/3272-26 A G (5) 7 (1.7) 2 (2.6) DF508 (2)/1717-1G A (1) 6 (1.4) 0 DF508 (2)/CFTRdel21Kb (1) 5 (1.2) 0 DF508 (2)/R117H (4) 3 (0.7) 21 (26.9)* DF508 (2)/IVS8-5T (5) 2 (0.5) 9 (11.5)* DF508 (2)/other 33 (7.9) 20 (25.6) Other/other 22 (5.3) 26 (33.3) *Including one CUAVD patient each. Login to comment
116 men with BEDO were compound heterozygous Probably the largest molecular genetic study on for DF508 and R117H, two were heterozygous for the etiology of CUAVD was conducted by Mickle DF508, and two were heterozygous for R553X or et al. (1995) who investigated 21 CUAVD males, R347P, respectively. Login to comment

PMID: 10756209 [PubMed] Lishanski A et al: "Branch migration inhibition in PCR-amplified DNA: homogeneous mutation detection."

No. Sentence Comment

126 Genotype Without reference DNA With reference DNA Wild-type homozygotes wt/wt 1.4 (1.2) 2.4 wt/wt 1.6 (1.3) 2.1 wt/wt 2.0 (1.5) 2.4 wt/wt 2.1 (1.4) 2.0 wt/wt 1.6 (1.2) 3.2 wt/wt 1.7 (1.4) 1.5 Heterozygotes G542X/wt G→T 41 (42) 38 G542X/wt G→T 73 (90) 66 G551D/wt G→A 83 (84) 93 G551D/wt G→A 99 (69) 76 R553X/wt C→T 92 (84) 57 R553X/wt C→T 105 (95) 61 R560T/wt G→C 130 (123) 70 R560T/wt G→C 109 (135) 111 G551D/R553X G→A/C→T 134 (134) 193 G551D/R553X G→A/C→T 134 (144) 235 Mutant homozygotes G542X/G542X G→T 1.5 (1.4) 174 G542X/G542X G→T 1.4 (1.5) 133 Blank (no target DNA) 1.6 Figure 3. Login to comment
139 Genotype Without εAεAG With εAεAG wt/wt 37 1.4 wt/wt 39 1.4 wt/wt 41 1. wt/wt 41 1.5 G542X/wt 121 126 G551D/wt 100 93 R553X/wt 82 85 R560T/wt 97 96 vi A PCR modification similar to the use of nested primers provided a powerful alternative method for reducing background signals. Login to comment

PMID: 10773783 [PubMed] Zielenski J et al: "Genotype and phenotype in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

165 Both studies showed that certain mild alleles (R117H; A455E; 3849+10kbC→T) from class IV or V tend to be associated with significantly lower Cl sweat levels than those for severe alleles ('F508; 621+1G→T; G542X; R553X, etc.). Login to comment

PMID: 10794365 [PubMed] Bernardino AL et al: "Molecular analysis in Brazilian cystic fibrosis patients reveals five novel mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

6 Another fifteen mutations (previously reported) were detected: G542X, R1162X, N1303K, R334W, W1282X, G58E, L206W, R553X, 6211 1GRT, V232D, 1717-1GRA, 2347 delG, R851L, 27891 5GRA, and W1089X. Login to comment
51 The next most common mutations were: G542X (8.8%), R1162X (2.5%), N1303K (2.5%), R334W (2.5%), W1282X (1.3%), G58E (1.3%), L206W (0.6%), and R553X (0.6%). Login to comment
81 In this study, 16 mutations were identified: D F508, G542X, R1162X, N1303K, R334W, W1282X, G58E, L206W, R553X, 6211 1GRT, V232D, 1717-1GRA, 2347 delG, R851L, 27891 5GRA, and W1089X. Login to comment
84 GEN OTYPES, FREQUENCIES, AN D PRESENCE OF PI FRO M 160 CF PATIE NTS (320 CF CHROM OSOM ES) Number and frequency (%) Genotype Number Frequency (%) of patients with PI D F508/D F508 47 29.40 47 (100%) D F508/G542X 13 8.10 13 (100%) D F508/R1162X 6 3.80 6 (100%) D F508/R334W 5 3.10 3 (60%) D F508/N1303K 3 1.90 3 (100%) D F508/W1282X 2 1.20 2 (100%) D F508/G58E 2 1.20 1 (50%) D F508/L206W 1 0.62 0 D F508/R553X 1 0.62 1 (100%) D F508/R851L 1 0.62 0 D F508/2789 1 5g ® A 1 0.62 0 D F508/3617delGA 1 0.62 1 (100%) D F508/3171delC 1 0.62 1 (100%) D F508/2686insT 1 0.62 1 (100%) D F508/Y275X 1 0.62 1 (100%) D F508/U 22 13.80 14 (64%) G542X/G542X 3 1.90 3 (100%) G542X/N1303K 3 1.90 2 (67%) G542X/R1162X 1 0.62 1 (100%) G542X/U 5 3.10 4 (80%) N1303K/R1162X 1 0.62 1 (100%) N1303K/G58E 1 0.62 0 2347delG/2347delG 1 0.62 1 (100%) R334W/V232D 1 0.62 0 R334W/W1089X 1 0.62 1 (100%) R334W/U 1 0.62 1 (100%) W1282X/U 1 0.62 1 (100%) G58E/U 1 0.62 1 (100%) R553X/U 1 0.62 1 (100%) L206W/U 1 0.62 0 621 1 1G ® T/U 1 0.62 1 (100%) 1717-1G ® A/U 1 0.62 Not known V201M/U 1 0.62 0 U/U 27 16.90 12 (44%) Total 160 100 - U, Unknown CF mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 10798368 [PubMed] Orozco L et al: "Spectrum of CFTR mutations in Mexican cystic fibrosis patients: identification of five novel mutations (W1098C, 846delT, P750L, 4160insGGGG and 297-1G-->A)."

No. Sentence Comment

28 R553X, G551D, S549N, R1162X, and 3120+1G→A were tested by PCR-based restriction analysis as previously described (Osborne et al. 1992; Jones et al. 1992; Picci et al. 1992; Shoshani et al. 1992). Login to comment
42 On the other hand, the R553X, G551D and 1924del7 mutations had a frequency <1% and 2869insG, R1162X, 3120+1G→A were not found in the population studied. Login to comment
69 First, we tested these patients for 12 mutations selected for the following reasons: five are the most common mutations worldwide (∆F508, G542X, N1303K, G551D and R553X; CFGAC 1994); 362 Table 1 Frequency of the CFTR gene mutations in 97 (194 chromosomes) Mexican patients Mutation Number of Frequency affected alleles (%) ∆F508 79 40.72 G542X 12 6.18 ∆I507 5 2.57 S549N 5 2.57 N1303K 4 2.06 R75X 3 1.54 406-1G→A 3 1.54 I148T 3 1.54 2055del9→A 2 1.03 935delA 2 1.03 I506T 2 1.03 3199del6 2 1.03 2183AA→G 2 1.03 G551D 1 0.51 R553X 1 0.51 1924del7 1 0.51 G551S 1 0.51 1078delT 1 0.51 Y1092X 1 0.51 R117H 1 0.51 G85E 1 0.51 3849+10KbC→T 1 0.51 1716G→A 1 0.51 W1204X 1 0.51 W1098Ca 1 0.51 846delTa 1 0.51 P750La 1 0.51 V754M 1 0.51 R75Q 1 0.51 W1069X 1 0.51 L558S 1 0.51 4160insGGGGa 1 0.51 297-1G→Aa 1 0.51 H199Y 1 0.51 2869insG 0 0 R1162X 0 0 3120+1G→A 0 0 Total 34 145 74.58% aNovel mutations detected in this study Fig.1 Sequencing ladders showing the CFTR novel mutations. Login to comment
78 In contrast, the G551D and R553X mutations, which are among the first five most common worldwide, were only found in one chromosome each. Login to comment

PMID: 10820156 [PubMed] Claass A et al: "Applicability of different antibodies for immunohistochemical localization of CFTR in sweat glands from healthy controls and from patients with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

33 Materials and Methods Tissue Samples Full-thickness skin biopsies were taken from the right shoulder of six healthy volunteers, four ⌬F508 homozygous CF patients, and four patients bearing two nonsense mutations within the CFTR gene (G542X/G542X; nϭ2; R553X/ R553X; and G542X/W1282X). Login to comment
113 M3A7 (at very low dilution of 1:50; Aa) labeling of R553X/R553X patient`s sweat gland does not exceed isotype control (Ab). Login to comment
116 MATG 1061 (1:100, Da, on R553X/R553X; isotype control IgG2a, Db) labels luminal epitopes in sweat glands and periglandular connective tissue. Login to comment
130 Although overreading of stop codons has been reported to occur in mammalian cells (McCaughan et al. 1995), ample evidence exists that the nonsense mutations R553X and G542X of the CFTR gene result in reduced to undetectable levels of mRNA transcripts (Hamosh et al. 1992; Will et al. 1995) and absence of full-length protein (Howard et al. 1996). Login to comment

PMID: 10834512 [PubMed] Kambouris M et al: "Identification of novel mutations in Arabs with cystic fibrosis and their impact on the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator mutation detection rate in Arab populations."

No. Sentence Comment

63 Of more than 850 known CFTR mutations (http:// www.genet.sickkids.on.ca/cftr-cgi-bin/Mutation Table), only 9 were encountered in this study: R75X, A141D, 1249G ® A, DF508, S549R, R553X, 3120 + 1G ® A, I1234V and N1303K. Login to comment
114 1 (private mutation) 1779T ® G S549R 1 2 1a [H139L] 1 Total: 2 2.5% 1789C ® T R553X ± protein truncation 1a [3120 + 1G ® A] 1 (private mutation) 1811 + 2T ® C Splice site 1a [1548delG] 1 (private mutation) Exon 16 3120 + 1G ® A Splice site 5 10 1a [R533X] 1 1a [N1303K] 1 1a [?] Login to comment

PMID: 10922396 [PubMed] Teder M et al: "Distribution of CFTR gene mutations in cystic fibrosis patients from Estonia."

No. Sentence Comment

7 First, several known mutations were tested directly by the heteroduplex analysis (HA; F508, 394delTT, polyT variants in IVS8), restriction digestion (RD; G551D, R553X, 1811+1.6kbA→G, L206W, 3849+10kbC→T), and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS, kits from Cellmark Diagnostics, UK; G542X, 621+1G→T, N1303K). Login to comment

PMID: 10940786 [PubMed] Zeitlin PL et al: "Future pharmacological treatment of cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

22 Examples of CFTR mutations organized by classification of the defect in CFTR biosynthesis Type Genotype Phenotype Defect Cell diagram Drugs that may improve phenotype G542X 621+1 G → T 3905insT W1282X R553X 1717-1 G → A PI no CFTR protein no cell surface chloride transport gentamicin G418 Class II [64] 'F508 N1303K (P574H)a (A455E)a PI defective CFTR processing defective CFTR trafficking no cell surface chloride transport chemical chaperones CPX phenylbutyrate deoxyspergualin Class III [64] G551D G551S PI defective chloride channel regulation reduced or absent cell surface chloride transport genistein pyrophosphate Class IV [64, 66] R117H R334W G314E R347P ('F508)a P574H PS reduced chloride conductance reduced levels of cell surface chloride transport genistein milrinone phenylbutyrate Class V [64] 3849+10 kb C → T 2789+5 G → A 3272-26 A → G A455E 3120+1 G → A 1811+1.6 kb A → G 5Tb PS normal CFTR channels reduced numbers of normal CFTR reduced cell surface chloride transport genistein milrinone phenylbutyrate a Some mutants have features of more than one class of defect. Login to comment
27 Mutations such as R553X or W1282X contain a premature stop codon and produce an unstable mRNA transcript that is not successfully translated into protein. Login to comment

PMID: 10950058 [PubMed] Ockenga J et al: "Mutations of the cystic fibrosis gene, but not cationic trypsinogen gene, are associated with recurrent or chronic idiopathic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

53 Using the ARMS technology (elucigene CF20, Zeneca Diagnostics, Oxfordshire, UK) all samples were tested additionally for the mutations E60X, R347P, A455E, 1078delT, 2183AA3G, G542X, G551D, N1303K, W1282X, 1717-1G3A, R553X, 621ϩ1G3T, R117H, R1162X, 3849ϩ10kbC3T, R334W, S1251N, and 3659delC. Login to comment

PMID: 10952679 [PubMed] Mall M et al: "Effect of genistein on native epithelial tissue from normal individuals and CF patients and on ion channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes."

No. Sentence Comment

26 Eight CF patients presenting with nasal polyps were tested for six common mutations: DF508, R553X, N1303K, G542X, G551D and R347P. Login to comment
30 In all CF patients from whom rectal biopsies were studied DNA analysis was carried out for the following CFTR mutations: DF508; R117H and S108F in exon 4; R347P, R347H, I336K and T338I in exon 7; S549N, G551D, R553X, G542X, Q552X, 1717-1 G?A in exon 11; W1282X and 3905insT in exon 20; N1303K in exon 21 and 3849+10kB C?T in intron 19. Login to comment
31 Screening for these mutations identi®ed the genotypes as follows: DF508/DF508 (n=2); DF508/R553X (n=3); DF508/N1303K (n=1); DF508/3905insT (n=1); DF508/7(n=5) (7=mutation not identi®ed). Login to comment
224 In the present study we examined the eect of genistein on tissues derived from CF patients carrying DF508 CFTR on at least one allele and some patients were shown to be compound heterozygous with a second severe mutation (R553X, N1303K, 3905insT, G551D). Login to comment

PMID: 10973878 [PubMed] Costes B et al: "Prenatal detection by real-time quantitative PCR and characterization of a new CFTR deletion, 3600+15kbdel5.3kb (or CFTRdele19)."

No. Sentence Comment

51 The mutations tested were S549N, S549R, R553X, G551D, V520F, ⌬I507, ⌬F508, Q493X, 1717-1G3A, G542X, R560T, R347P, R347H, 3849ϩ4A3G, W1282X, R334W, 1078delT, 3849ϩ10kbC3T, R1162X, N1303K, 3659delC, 3905insT, A455E, R117H, Y122X, 2183AA3G, 2789ϩ5G3A, 1898ϩ1G3A, 621ϩ1G3T, 711ϩ1G3T, and G85E. Login to comment

PMID: 11025834 [PubMed] Wang X et al: "Mutation in the gene responsible for cystic fibrosis and predisposition to chronic rhinosinusitis in the general population."

No. Sentence Comment

30 Analysis of CFTR Genes Genomic DNA samples extracted from the blood of participants were screened for 16 mutations (R117H, 621+1G→T, R334W, R347P, A455E, ⌬I507, ⌬F508, 1717-1 G→A, G542X, S549N, G551D, R553X, R560T, 3849+10 Kb C→T, W1282X, and N1303K) that account for 85% of CF alleles in the white population using the multiplex reverse dot hybridization system (Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, Calif).16,17 This test also identified the 5T, 7T, and 9T variants of the splice acceptor site in intron 8 and F508C, I507V, and I506V (exon 10) polymorphisms of the CFTR gene. Login to comment

PMID: 11076060 [PubMed] Tanackovic G et al: "The incidence of cystic fibrosis (CF) mutations among patients from Croatia."

No. Sentence Comment

5 After DNA isolation (2), we screened the samples for the 16 most common CFTR mutations: DF508, DI507 [heteroduplex analysis (3)] G542X, G551D, W1282X, N1303K, 3849+10kbCT, R553X, 621+1GT, R1162X, 1717-1GA, 2789+ 5GA, 3849+4AG, 1898+1GA, R117H [restriction fragment length polymorphism, (4-7)] and 3905insT [single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis (8)]. Login to comment

PMID: 11095651 [PubMed] Persu A et al: "CF gene and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator expression in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease."

No. Sentence Comment

52 Genomic DNA samples were screened using the Elucigene CF12 kit (based on Amplification Refractory Mutation System technology; Zeneca Diagnostics, Abingdon, UK), to detect the following 12 CFTR mutations: 1717-1G3A, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, ⌬F508, 3849ϩ10kbC3T, 621ϩ1G3T, R553X, G551D, R117H, R1162X, and R334W. Login to comment
99 Characteristics of the 12 mutations of the CF gene screened for among the patients with ADPKD and the control subjectsa Name Location Nucleotide Change CFTR Domain Consequence R117H Exon 4 G3A at 482 TM2 Arg3His at 117 621ϩ1G3T Intron 4 G3T at 621ϩ1 mRNA splicing mutation R334W Exon 7 C3T at 1132 TM6 Arg3Trp at 334 ⌬F508 Exon 10 3-bp deletion between 1652 and 1655 NBD1 Phe-508 deletion 1717-1G3A Intron 10 G3A at 1717-1 NBD1 mRNA splicing mutation G542X Exon 11 G3T at 1756 NBD1 Gly3Stop at 542 G551D Exon 11 G3A at 1784 NBD1 Gly3Asp at 551 R553X Exon 11 C3T at 1789 NBD1 Arg3Stop at 553 R1162X Exon 19 C3T at 3616 Arg3Stop at 1162 3849ϩ10kbC3T Intron 19 C3T in a 6.2-kb EcoRI fragment 10 kb from 19 NBD2 Creation of a splice acceptor site W1282X Exon 20 G3A at 3978 NBD2 Trp3Stop at 1282 N1303K Exon 21 C3G at 4041 NBD2 Asn3Lys at 1303 a Modified from reference 16. Login to comment

PMID: 11100963 [PubMed] Choo-Kang LR et al: "Type I, II, III, IV, and V cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator defects and opportunities for therapy."

No. Sentence Comment

22 The nonsense mutations G542X, W1282X, R553X, Q39X, E60X, R75X, L719X, Y1092X, and S1196X significantly reduce the levels of mutant CFTR mRNA to 5 to 30% of wild-type levels [28]. Login to comment

PMID: 11116277 [PubMed] Roomans GM et al: "Pharmacological treatment of the ion transport defect in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

219 5.6 Gentamicin The aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin has been shown to suppress two premature stop mutations (G542X and R553X) [114]. Login to comment

PMID: 11117575 [PubMed] Kimura S et al: "Polymorphism of cystic fibrosis gene in Japanese patients with chronic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

127 Other mutations included R117H in two patients and Q493X, R553X, R560T, and 621 ϩ 1(G-to-T) in one patient each. Login to comment

PMID: 11157821 [PubMed] McCallum T et al: "Unilateral renal agenesis associated with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens: phenotypic findings and genetic considerations."

No. Sentence Comment

61 ThereW1282X; ∆F508; R553X; N1303K; 3849ϩ10 kb C-T; R117L; I506; R553G; R560K; 1811ϩ1G-C; 1774delCT; S549R; S549I; R1283K; were no significant correlations with ethnic origin. Login to comment

PMID: 11158459 [PubMed] Wine JJ et al: "Comprehensive mutation screening in a cystic fibrosis center."

No. Sentence Comment

86 Mutations in the Stanford CF Mutation Database After Screening With the Genzyme70 Assay Mutation n % n % ⌬F508 353 67.11% 353 67.11% Splice mutations 16 3.04% 621ϩ1 G3T 5 0.95% 1717-1 G3A 5 0.95% 2789ϩ5 G3A 1 0.19% 1898ϩ1 G3A 1 0.19% 3849ϩ10 kb C3T 4 0.76% Stop mutations 31 5.89% Q493X 1 0.19% G542X 13 2.47% R553X 4 0.76% R1162X 1 0.19% W1282X 10 1.90% S1455X 2 0.38% Insertions/deletions 9 1.71% 681 del C 1 0.19% 2184 del A 2 0.38% 3859 del C 5 0.95% 3905 ins T 1 0.19% Missense mutations 33 6.27% G85E 4 0.76% R117H 3 0.57% R334W 6 1.14% G551D 14 2.66% R560T 3 0.57% N1303K 3 0.57% Unknown mutations 84 15.97% 84 15.97% Total 526 100.00% 526 100.00% ARTICLES tients with positive sweat tests were selected for SSCP/HA analysis based on clinical status, ethnicity, and previous screening with the Genzyme70 assay. Login to comment

PMID: 11168023 [PubMed] Goldman A et al: "The molecular basis of cystic fibrosis in South Africa."

No. Sentence Comment

27 Five other mutations were identified in the white population, G542X, R553X, S549N, 621+lGT and N1303K which together account for a further 3% of mutations (5). Login to comment
40 White and coloured patients with unidentified CF mutations were tested for 15 mutations including 394delTT, Q493X, 3272-26A G, 3120+1GA as well as 11 other mutations, R117H, R334W, G542X, G551D, R553X, 621+ 1GT, W1282X, N1303K, 1717-1GA, R1162X, 3849+10kbCT. Login to comment
58 Frequency of CFTR mutations in white CF chromosomes Mutation Number of chromosomes Frequency (%) DF508 291 76 3272-26AG 16 4 394delTT 14 3.6 G542X 5 1.3 R553X 4 1 1W1282X 4 14N1303K G551D 3 0.8 3120+1GA 2 0.5 R117H 1 0.3 Q493X 1 0.3 S549N 1 0.3 621+1GT 1 0.3 1717-1GA 1 0.3 2789+5GA 1 0.3 91Total 349/384 Table 2. Login to comment

PMID: 11243954 [PubMed] Marchand E et al: "Frequency of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations and 5T allele in patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis."

No. Sentence Comment

6 All subjects in the study were screened for the presence of 13 mutations in the CFTR gene (R117H, 621 ؉ 1G->T, R334 W, ⌬F508, ⌬I507, 1717-1G->A, G542X, R553X, G551D, R1162X, 3849 ؉ 10kbC->T, W1282X, and N1303K). Login to comment
42 Genomic DNA samples were screened for the following CFTR mutations: R117H/ exon 4, 621 ϩ 1G-ϾT/intron 4, R334 W/exon 7, ⌬F508/exon 10, ⌬I507/exon 10, 1717-1G-ϾA/intron 10, G542X/exon 11, R553X/ exon 11, G551D/exon 11, R1162X/exon 19, 3849 ϩ 10kbC-ϾT/ intron 19, W1282X/exon 20, and N1303K/exon 21. Login to comment

PMID: 11298840 [PubMed] Attardo T et al: "Genetic, andrological and clinical characteristics of patients with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

49 We investigated the following 11 CFTR mutations: DF508, G542X, R553X, N1303K, W1282X, R347P, L1077P, 2183AA ® G, 1717±1G > A, R1162X, and R117H. Login to comment
61 The other mutations found were: W1282X in four patients, G542X in two patients, R347P in one patient and R553X in one patient. Login to comment
65 Their husbands had the R553X and the 5T alleles, respectively. Login to comment
87 38) with CUAVD Patient Age (years) Mutation/ 5T allele Sweat test Steatocrit FEV1 Other clinical features 1 38 R347P/ND Normal ND ND ND 2 29 DF508/ND ND ND ND ND 3 37 ±/ND ND ND ND ND 4 38 ±/ND ND ND ND ND 5 29 DF508/ND Normal ND = ND 6 40 ±/ND Normal ND = ND 7 32 DF508/ND Borderline ND = ND 8 29 DF508/ND ND ND ND ND 9 41 ±/ND Borderline ND ¯ ND 10 32 DF508/± Normal = = RB 11 35 R553X/± Borderline - = RB 12 29 ±/ND Borderline - = Diarrhoea 13 37 ±/ND Abnormal = = Sinusitis 14 36 W1282X/± Normal - = Recurrent bronchitis 15 35 G542X/± Abnormal = ¯ ± 16 34 W1282X/5T Abnormal = = Diarrhoea 17 31 ±/5T Abnormal = = ± 18 22 ±/± Borderline - = Diarrhoea 19 27 G542X/± Abnormal = = Recurrent bronchitis 20 35 ±/± Abnormal - = Recurrent bronchitis 21 33 W1282X/± Abnormal = ND Sinusitis, diarrhoea 22 30 DF508/5T Abnormal - = ± 23 20 ±/± Abnormal = = Sinusitis, diarrhoea 24 39 ±/± Normal = ¯ Asthma, collapse 25 35 ±/5T Normal - ¯ Sinusitis, diarrhoea 26 26 W1282X/5T Abnormal - = ± 27 35 ±/± Normal - = ± 28 30 DF508/5T Normal - = ± 29 29 DF508/ND ND ND ND Collapse 30 35 ±/5T Normal = ¯ ± 31 36 DF508/5T Borderline = ¯ Sinusitis, asthma, collapse, polyps 32 41 ±/5T Normal - ¯ Recurrent respiratory infection 33 39 ±/5T Normal = ¯ Sinusitis 34 27 DF508/5T Borderline - = ± 35 39 ±/± Normal ND ¯ Diarrhoea 36 37 ±/± Normal - = Polyps 37 40 ±/± Abnormal - ¯ Asthma, recurrent respiratory infection 38 29 G542X/5T Borderline - ¯ Diarrhoea ND: Not determined; ±: absence of mutations or clinical features; =: unchanged; -: increased; ¯: decreased. Login to comment

PMID: 11388756 [PubMed] Heim RA et al: "Improved detection of cystic fibrosis mutations in the heterogeneous U.S. population using an expanded, pan-ethnic mutation panel."

No. Sentence Comment

110 This difference is unlikely to be due to ascertainment, since the observed frequency of ⌬F508 (29%) is equivalent to the frequency of 30% reported by Abeliovich et al.16 In this study, the detection of an additional three mutations was required to bring the overall detection rate to 95.4% (A455E, R553X, and D1152H). Login to comment
127 Of the 20 mutations that account for the overall detection rate in African Americans when ⌬F508 is excluded, nine that account for 23.6% of the chromosomes analyzed are considered to be "African" mutations6 (444delA, G330X, G480C, R553X, A559T, 2307insA, 3120 ϩ 1GϾA, 3791delC, and S1255X). Login to comment

PMID: 11401894 [PubMed] Clancy JP et al: "Evidence that systemic gentamicin suppresses premature stop mutations in patients with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

86 STUDY PATIENT DEMOGRAPHICS* Age/Sex Premature Stop CF Subjects Control CF Subjects Genotype P.a FEV1 (% pred) Age/Sex Genotype P.a FEV1 (% pred ) 18/M G542X/⌬F508 (ϩ) 52 23/F ⌬F508/⌬F508 (ϩ) 38 18/M G542X/⌬F508 (ϩ) 76 18/F ⌬F508/⌬F508 (ϩ) 29 15/F W128X/⌬F508 (ϩ) 105 30/M ⌬F508/G55ID (ϩ) 19 28/M G542X/⌬F508 (ϩ) 25 26/F ⌬F508/⌬F508 (ϩ) 53 13/F R553X/621G-T (ϩ) 40 28/F ⌬F508/⌬F508 (ϩ) 34 18.4 yr (5.77)† 59.6 (31.5)† 25 yr (4.69)† 34.6 (11.8)† * Age (yr, mean Ϯ SD), sex (M ϭ male, F ϭ female), bacterial colonization (P.a ϭ Pseudomonas aeruginosa), FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s, %pred. Login to comment
122 Similar (immunocytochemical and functional) results have been observed for airway cells derived from other patients with premature stop mutations (G542X/⌬F508 and R553X/⌬F508 ([23] and our unpublished observations). Login to comment
180 Similar observations were made with transient expression systems for other CF-associated premature stop mutations, including G542X, R553X, and R1162X mutations, in addition to W1282X (12, 13). Login to comment

PMID: 11462247 [PubMed] Castellani C et al: "Analysis of the entire coding region of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene in idiopathic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

41 Genetic analysis Phase 1 - Patients were tested for the following mutations: F508del, I507del, R117H, R1162X, 2183AA>G, N1303K, 3849+10KbC>T, G542X, 1717-1G>A, R347P, R352Q, R553X, Q552X, G85E, 711+5G>A, W1282X, 3132delTG and 2789+5G>A, plus the CFTR intron 8 poly(T) tract length. Login to comment
52 Two patients (2.9%) were compound heterozygotes, 9 (13.4%) had mutations in only one allele (∆F508 in five cases, R553X, 2789+5G→A, R1162X, and 3849+10KbC→T in one case each). Login to comment
63 PATIENT A B C Sex (m/f) f f f Age (yrs) 27 60 53 Pancreatitis ICP IRAP IRAP CFTR mutations R1162X 2789+5G→A N1303K R117H R553X PolyT Splice Variant 7/7 7/9 7/9 Sweat Cl- (mEq/l) 108 42 91.75 Sweat Na+ (mEq/l) 106.5 42.8 84.25 NPD n.a. Basal and activated positive Basal negative, activated positive CF-compatible anamnestical and clinical features Chronic cough Lobectomy for bronchiectasis; hemoptysis and bronchial artery embolization Lobar atelectasis Sputum culture Staphylococcus aureus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa FVC (% predicted) 94 107 118 FEV1 (% predicted) 79 93 116 FEF25-75 (% predicted) 45 49 127 Chest X-ray Chrispin-Norman score 4 3 5 X-ray mucosal thickening of paranasal sinuses Maxillary bilateral Frontal bilateral Maxillary right Weight Z-score -0.86 0.08 -0.53 Height Z-score -0.28 -0.45 -0.12 Pancreatic evaluation § * Pancreatic sufficiency Pancreatic sufficiency n.a. : not available § : duodenal outputs of bicarbonate, lipase, amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin assessed by pancreatic stimulation test * : normal fecal chymotrypsin and 72-hour steatorrhea The medical history disclosed in 20/53 (37.7%) cases one or more signs and symptoms frequently found in CF: diabetes in 9, sinusitis in 8, chronic cough in 7, malnutrition in 1, monolateral seminal vesicle agenesis in 1, lobectomy secondary to bronchiectasis in 1 and lobar atelectasis in 1 subject. Login to comment

PMID: 11491162 [PubMed] Schibler A et al: "High morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis patients compound heterozygous for 3905insT and deltaF508."

No. Sentence Comment

28 Twenty-five of these patients showed compound heterozygosity for DF508 and 3905insT, two patients heterozygosity for R553X and 3905insT, one patient for 1717-GRA and 3905insT, one patient for R347P and 3905insT and one patient with an unknown mutation and 3905insT. Login to comment
46 R553X and K710X are nonsense mutations in exon 11 and 13, respectively, whereas R347P is a missense mutation in exon 7. Login to comment
141 The other four patients with compound heterozygosity for 3905insT and 1717-1GRA, R553X and K710X, respectively, did not show a different clinical course from patients with 3905insT/DF508. Login to comment

PMID: 11491164 [PubMed] Massie RJ et al: "Intron-8 polythymidine sequence in Australasian individuals with CF mutations R117H and R117C."

No. Sentence Comment

39 One Australian centre (South Australia) includes the mutations G551D, G452X, DI507, R553X and R117H as part of routine screening of infants with an elevated IRT [12]. Login to comment

PMID: 11569691 [PubMed] Truninger K et al: "Mutations of the cystic fibrosis gene in patients with chronic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

56 Using multiplex PCR, 15 genomic fragments were amplified which contain the following mutations: ⌬F508, ⌬I507, Q493X, V520F, 1717-1G3A, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, S549R, S549N, 3849 ϩ 10kbC3T, 3849 ϩ 4A3G, R1162X, 3659delC, W1282X, 3905insT, N1303K, G85E, 621 ϩ 1G3T, R117H, Y122X, 711 ϩ 1G3T; 1078delT, R347P, R347H, R334W, A455E, 1898 ϩ 1G3A, 2183AA3G, 2789 ϩ 5G3A. Login to comment

PMID: 11574497 [PubMed] Josserand RN et al: "Cystic fibrosis phenotype evaluation and paternity outcome in 50 males with congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

30 Leukocytes samples were analysed for a series of 22 CF mutations including the five most frequently encountered in our region (The CF Genotype Consortium, 1994): ∆F508, G542X, N1303K, 1717-G-A, 885E; and 17 others: R117H, R334W, R347H, R347P, 556delA, S549N, S549I, S549R, G551D, R553X, R560T, G1244E, S1255X, W1282X, R1283K, 3898ins C, D1270N. Login to comment

PMID: 11589722 [PubMed] Walkowiak J et al: "Analysis of exocrine pancreatic function in cystic fibrosis: one mild CFTR mutation does not exclude pancreatic insufficiency."

No. Sentence Comment

81 500 DF508/3849 1 10kbC-T (17) 1 4 1 6 5 DF508/CFTR dele2,3(21kb) (15) 9 4 2 DF508/N1303K (10) 7 3 DF508/1717±1G-A (7) 5 2 DF508/G542X (7) 4 2 1 DF508/W1282X (5) 4 1 DF508/R553X (3) 3 DF508/R334W (2) 1 1 DF508/2183AAG (2) 2 DF508/R117H (1) 1 DF508/621GT (1) 1 DF508/R347P (1) 1 DF508/2184insA (1) 1 DF508/DI507 (1) 1 3849 1 10kbC-T/3849 1 10kbC-T (3) 3 N1303K/CFTR dele2,3(21kb) (2) 1 1 1717±1G-A/3849 1 10kbC-T (2) 1 1 3171insC/A155P2 (2) 1 1 296 1 1G-A/E92GK (2) 2 R117H/138insL (1) 1 W1282X/3849 1 10kbC-T (1) 1 N1303K/3849 1 10kbC-T (1) 1 CFTR dele2,3(21kb)/3849 1 10kbC-T (1) 1 R553X/G542X (1) 1 621 1 1G-T/621 1 1G-T (1) 1 G542X/M (4) 2 2 CFTR dele 2,3(21kb)/M (1) 1 2 3849 1 10kbC-T/M (2) 1 1 R533X/M (2) 2 N1303K/M (2) 2 895T/M (2) 1 1 E217G/M (1) 1 G551D/M (1) 1 R560T/M (1) 1 2789 1 5G-A/M (1) 1 Total (109) 44 21 10 4 12 18 M, unidentified mutation. Login to comment
86 Kristidis et al. [10] reported that pancreatic insufficiency strongly correlates also with two alleles of DI507, Q493X, G542X, R553X, W1282X, 621 1 1G-T, 1717±1G-A, 556delA, 3659delC, I148T, G480C, V520F and R560T while one or two mutations such as R117H, R334W, A455E, and P574H were correlated with a pancreatic sufficient phenotype. Login to comment
88 An international Cystic Fibrosis Genotype-Phenotype Consortium [25] evaluated DF508 homozygotes and seven of the most common DF508 compound heterozygotes (G542X, R553X, N1303K, W1282X, 1717±1G-A, 621 1 1GT, R117H). Login to comment

PMID: 11756355 [PubMed] Dohle GR et al: "Genetic risk factors in infertile men with severe oligozoospermia and azoospermia."

No. Sentence Comment

29 Twelve common mutations of the CFTR gene were tested (∆F508, A445E, G542X, 1717-1G→A, R553X, R117H, R1162X, N1303K, W1282X, 3659delC, E60X and S1251N). Login to comment

PMID: 11788089 [PubMed] Bombieri C et al: "Cystic fibrosis mutation testing in Italy."

No. Sentence Comment

35 CF MUTATIONS IDENTIFIED IN TWO ITALIAN REGIONS (VENETO AND TRENTINO ALTO ADIGE) Number of alleles Frequency Cumulative Mutation with mutation (%) frequency (%) DF508 107 47.6 47.56 R1162X 22 9.8 57.33 2183 AA ® G 21 9.3 66.67 N1303K 9 4.0 70.67 G542X 6 2.7 73.33 711 1 5 G ® A 6 2.7 76.00 1717-1 G ® A 5 2.2 78.22 G85E 3 1.3 79.56 R553X 3 1.3 80.89 2789 1 5 G ® A 3 1.3 82.22 Q552X 3 1.3 83.56 621 1 1 G ® T 2 0.9 84.44 W1282X 2 0.9 85.33 R347P 1 0.4 85.77 G551D 1 0.4 86.21 3849 1 10 Kb C ® T 1 0.4 86.67a 3132 del TG 2 0.9 87.54 2790-2 A ® G 2 0.9 88.43 457 TAT ® G 1 0.4 88.87 1717-8 G ® A 1 0.4 89.31 R709X 1 0.4 89.75 1898 1 3 A ® G 1 0.4 90.22 Total 203 90.22 Numbers refer to CFTR gene alleles carrying the specified mutation, over total tested alleles (n 5 225) from the affected subjects CF cohort, as indicated in the text (from Bonizzato et al., 1995). Login to comment
38 CF MUTATION PANEL (VENETO AND TRENTINO ALTO ADIGE ITALIAN REGIONS) DF508 R1162X 2183 AA ® G N1303K G542X 711 1 5 G ® A 1717-1 G ® A G85E R553X 2789 1 5 G ® A Q552X 621 1 1 G ® T W1282X R347P G551D 3849 1 10 Kb C ® T Note: Contrary to what is suggested for the U.S. population (Grody et al., 2001), R117H mutation (and its reflex IVS8-5T test) is not included in the panel because it is not commonly found in the Italian CF population (Bonizzato et al., 1995; Estivill et al., 1997; Rendine et al., 1997). Login to comment
44 CF GENE MUTATIONS IN ITALY Number of alleles Frequency Cumulative Mutation screened (%) frequency (%) DF508 3442 51.07 51.07 N1303K 3056 4.84 55.91 G542X 3082 4.83 60.75 2183 AA ® G 2596 2.66 63.41 R1162X 2580 2.42 65.83 1717-1 G ® A 2892 2.11 67.94 W1282X 2600 1.23 69.17 R553X 2882 1.15 70.31 T338I 2306 0.69 71.01 R347P 2642 0.61 71.61 711 1 5 G ® A 2454 0.57 72.18 G85E 1980 0.40 72.59 621 1 1 G ® T 2594 0.39 72.97 R334W 2366 0.30 73.27 R352Q 2112 0.24 73.50 S549N 2118 0.24 73.74 R347H 2184 0.18 73.92 L1077P 1840 0.16 74.09 R1158X 1878 0.16 74.25 541del C 1884 0.16 74.40 R1066H 1918 0.16 74.56 E585X 1922 0.16 74.72 Q552X 2172 0.14 74.86 D1152H 1824 0.11 74.97 2790-2 A ® G 1862 0.11 75.07 3132 del TG 1862 0.11 75.18 3667ins 4 1876 0.11 75.29 DI507 1914 0.10 75.39 1898 1 3 A ® G 1920 0.10 75.50 G1244E 1960 0.10 75.60 1784 del G 2052 0.10 75.69 From Rendine et al. (1997). Login to comment

PMID: 11796434 [PubMed] Loubieres Y et al: "Association between genetically determined pancreatic status and lung disease in adult cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

31 The most frequent CF mutations usually found in the French population (⌬F508, ⌬I507, 1717-1G3A, G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X, N1303K) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific oligonucleotide with the INNO-LIPA CF2 kit (Innogenetics; Zwijnaarde, Belgium). Login to comment

PMID: 11804840 [PubMed] Mall M et al: "Activation of ion secretion via proteinase-activated receptor-2 in human colon."

No. Sentence Comment

50 Testing of an additional panel of the 19 most prevalent CFTR mutations among the Caucasian population in Europe, including G542X, N1303K, 1717-1 GϾT, W1282X, G551D, R553X, R1162X, R334W, R117H, 621ϩ1GϾT, 3849ϩ10kbCϾT, 3659delC, 1078delT, R347P, A445E, S1251N, ⌬I507, 2183AAϾG, and E60X (ELUCIGENE CF20; AstraZeneca Diagnostics) failed to identify the second disease causing mutation in six CF patients. Login to comment

PMID: 11824793 [PubMed] Teich N et al: "Genetic risk factors in chronic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

70 Approximately 72% of patients with cystic fibrosis are homozygous or compound heterozygous for eight mutations of the CFTR gene on chromosome 7: delta F508, G542X, R553X, W1282X, N1303K, 621 ϩ 1GÆT, 1717-1GÆA, and R117H; whereas the deletion delta F508 alone accounts for about 66% of mutant cystic fibrosis alleles. Login to comment

PMID: 11883825 [PubMed] Padoan R et al: "Genetic and clinical features of false-negative infants in a neonatal screening programme for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

34 It was initially performed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic (PAGE) analysis for the delF508 mutation, and later by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) (31 mutations: G85E, 621 ‡ 1G ® T, R117H, Y122X, 711 ‡ 1G ® T, 1078delT, R347P, R347H, R334W, A455E, 1898 ‡ 1G ® A, 2183-AA ® G, 2789 ‡ 5G ® A, DelF508, I507del, Q493X, V520F, 1717-1G ® A, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, S549R, S549N, 3849 ‡ 10kbC ® T, 3849 ‡ 4A ® G, R1162X, 3659delC, W1282X, 3905insT, N1303K) (14). Login to comment
40 Mutation Frequency (%) DelF508 54 N1303K 8 G542X 6.25 1717-1G ® A 2.50 R334W 1.75 2183AA ® G 1.50 R117H, L1077P, W1282X 1.25 D110E, R347P, E585X, 2789 ‡ 5G ® A 0.75 R352Q, R553X, R1066H, D1152H, R1158X, 1782delA, 1898 ‡ 1G ® A, 3659delC 0.50 G85E, R117L, G178R, D579G, H609R, Y1032C, V1153E, R1162X, 621 ‡ 1G ® T, 711 ‡ 1G ® T, 1845delAG o 1846delGA, 2143delT 0.25 Table2.Differencesinthethreestrategiesofneonatalscreening(audit1990-1999). Login to comment

PMID: 11897640 [PubMed] Lebecque P et al: "Mutations of the cystic fibrosis gene and intermediate sweat chloride levels in children."

No. Sentence Comment

75 Age at First Sweat Test (yr) Clin Sweat (mM) Nasal Potential (mV) Bacteriology (Throat Swab or Sputum Culture) GenotypePDmax ⌬Iso ϩ Cl-free 1 2.5 34 -15 -7* Staphylococcus aureus ⌬F508/D1152H 2 2.8 36 -21 -10 - ⌬F508/R117H, 7T 3 0.3 33 ND ND - ⌬F508/R117H, 7T 4 0.7 43 -51* -7* S. aureus S977F, 5T/2789 ϩ 5G→A 5 0.1 39 -16 -4* Haemophilus influenzae, S. aureus ⌬F508/R117C 6 0.1 37 -48* -9* H. influenzae, S. aureus ⌬F508/R117C 7 0.7 48 -15 -12 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. aureus R553X/R117H, 7T 8 6 34 -30 -10 H. influenzae 5T/5T 9 7 45 -24 -15 S. aureus ⌬F508/S1235R 10 9.5 45 -47* -11 P. aeruginosa ⌬F508/D1152H Definition of abbreviations: PDmax ϭ maximum basal nasal potential difference; ⌬Iso ϩ Cl-free ϭ cumulative change in PD after perfusion with chloride-free solution plus isoproterenol in the presence of amiloride. Login to comment

PMID: 11897641 [PubMed] Selvadurai HC et al: "The relationship between genotype and exercise tolerance in children with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

81 I G542 (6), R553X (3), W1282X (3), 3659delC (1), 3905insT (2). Login to comment

PMID: 11933191 [PubMed] Ravnik-Glavac M et al: "DHPLC screening of cystic fibrosis gene mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

42 The following mutations have been studied: exon 3: W57G, R74W, R75Q, G85E, 394delTT, 405+ 1G>A; exon 4: E92X, P99L, 441delA, 444delA, 457TAT>G, D110H, R117C, R117H, A120T, 541delC, 544delCA, Q151X, 621+1G>T, 662- 2A>C; exon 7: 1078delT, F331L, R334W, I336K, R347C, R347P, A349V, R352Q, 1221delCT; exon 10: S492F, Q493X, 1609delCA, deltaI507, deltaF508; exon 11: G542X, S549N, G551D, R553X, A559T, R560K, R560T; exon 13: K716X, Q685X, G628R, L719X; exon 17b: H1054D, G1061R, 3320ins5, R1066H, R1066L, R1070Q, 3359delCT, L1077P, H1085R, Y1092X; exon 19: R1162X, 3659delC, 3662delA, 3667del4, 3737delA, I1234V, S1235R, 3849G>A; exon 20: 3860ins31,S1255X,3898insC,3905insT,D1270N, W1282X, Q1291R; and exon 21: N1303H, N1303K, W1316X. Login to comment

PMID: 11938439 [PubMed] Audrezet MP et al: "Determination of the relative contribution of three genes-the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene, the cationic trypsinogen gene, and the pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor gene-to the etiology of idiopathic chronic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

103 In this regard, a F508del/5T genotype was identified three times3,4 and Q493X/5T3 and R553X/5T3 once each in patients with ICP. Login to comment

PMID: 11966405 [PubMed] Sangiuolo F et al: "Towards the pharmacogenomics of cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

107 G542X 621 + 1 G→→→→T 3905insT W1282X R553X 1717 - 1 G→→→→A PI Lack of CFTR biosynthesis or defective biosynthesis producing abnormal protein variants. Login to comment
156 G542X, 621+1 G→T, W1282X and R553X belong to the class I group of mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 11994102 [PubMed] Eaton TE et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations: do they play a role in the aetiology of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis?"

No. Sentence Comment

53 Cystic ®brosis mutation analysis Genomic DNA samples were screened for 16 CF mutations utilizing allelic-speci®c oligonucleotide (ASO) hybridization; ÁF508, ÁI507, R117H, W1282X, 621 IG3T, R334W, R347P, A455E, 1717-IG3A, G542X, 5549N, G551D, R553X, R560T, N1303K and 3849 10KC3T. Login to comment

PMID: 12000363 [PubMed] Visich A et al: "Complete screening of the CFTR gene in Argentine cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

35 Screening for DF508 and 12 other known mutations DF508 and 11 other frequent mutations (i.e. DI507, G551D, R553X, S549N, S549I, R1162X, 1811π1.6KbA»T, G542X, 1717-1G»A, 208 W1282X and N1303K) were detected as previously described (5). Login to comment
56 Frequency of cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator mutations in the Argentine population: 440 chromosomes analysed Mutation Localization Chromosome Number Percentage DF508 Exon 10 258 58.64 G542X Exon 11 18 4.10 W1282X Exon 20 12 2.73 N1303K Exon 21 12 2.73 R334W Exon 7 5 1.14 1717-1G»A Intron 10 5 1.14 3849π10KbC»T Intron 19 4 0.91 1811π1.6KbA»G Intron 11 4 0.91 IVS8-5T Intron 8 4 0.91 G85E Exon 3 3 0.68 621π1G»T Intron 4 3 0.68 2789π5G»A Intron 14b 3 0.68 DI507 Exon 10 3 0.68 2184delA Exon 13 2 0.45 2566insT Exon 13 2 0.45 2686insT Exon 14a 2 0.45 3659delC Exon 19 2 0.45 R1162X Exon 19 2 0.45 4016insT Exon 21 2 0.45 2789π2insA Intron 14b 2 0.45 L6V Exon 1 1 0.23 297π2A»G Intron 2 1 0.23 W57X Exon 3 1 0.23 R75Q Exon 3 1 0.23 Q220X Exon 6a 1 0.23 Y362X Exon 7 1 0.23 D426C Exon 9 1 0.23 1460delAT Exon 9 1 0.23 1353insT Exon 9 1 0.23 1782delA Exon 11 1 0.23 R553X Exon 11 1 0.23 S549R Exon 11 1 0.23 1898π3A»G Intron 12 1 0.23 2594delGT Exon 13 1 0.23 2183AA»G Exon 13 1 0.23 I1027T Exon 17a 1 0.23 R1066C Exon 17b 1 0.23 G1061R Exon 17b 1 0.23 4005-1G»A Intron 20 1 0.23 Total 367 83.45 209 nificant differences were observed among the compared populations (Table2). Login to comment

PMID: 12001283 [PubMed] Schaedel C et al: "Predictors of deterioration of lung function in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

88 Furthermore, the inferred values for FEV1 and VC at age 5 years (the intercepts) were significantly lower TABLE 1- Allele Frequencies of 10 Most Common CFTR Mutations in Swedish CF Population Mutation Allele frequency (%) DF508 67.9 394delTT 7.1 3659delC 6.4 S945L 1.2 R117C 1.0 R117H 0.55 T338I 0.55 G551D 0.55 R553X 0.55 I506L 0.41 compared with those in the other CF patients (63.4% and 68.2% vs. 89% and 93.3%). Login to comment

PMID: 12007216 [PubMed] Bobadilla JL et al: "Cystic fibrosis: a worldwide analysis of CFTR mutations--correlation with incidence data and application to screening."

No. Sentence Comment

109 Mutational Arrays, Detection Rates and Methods by Region* Estimated Projected detection of Number of Number of Country/ allele two CFTR mutations chromosomes Region Mutation array detectiona mutationsb includedc (max/min)d Reference Europe Albania ∆F508 (72.4%) C276X (0.7%) 74.5 55.5 4 270/146 CFGAC [1994]; Macek et al. G85E (0.7%) R1070Q (0.7%) [2002] Austria ∆F508 (62.9%) 457TAT→G (1.2%) 76.6 58.7 11 1516/580 Estiville et al. [1997]; Dörk et al. (total) G542X (3.3%) 2183AA→G (0.7%) [2000]; Macek et al. [2002] CFTRdele2,3 (2.1%) N1303K (0.6%) R1162X (1.9%) I148T (0.5%) R553X (1.7%) R117H (0.5%) G551D (1.2%) Austria ∆F508 (74.6%) 2183AA→G (2.4%) 95.3 90.8 8 126 Stuhrmann et al. [1997] (tyrol) R1162X (8.7%) G551D (1.6%) G542X (2.4%) R347P (1.6%) 2789+5G→A (2.4%) Q39X (1.6%) Belarus ∆F508 (61.2%) R553X (0.5%) 75.2 56.6 9 278/188 Dörk et al. [2000]; Macek et al. G542X (4.5%) R334W (0.5%) [2002] CFTRdele2,3 (3.3%) R347P (0.5%) N1303K (3.2%) S549N (0.5%) W1282X (1.0%) Belgium ∆F508 (75.1%) 622-1A→C (0.5%) 100.0 100.0 27 1504/522 Cuppens et al. [1993]; Mercier et G542X (3.5%) G458V (0.5%) al. [1993]; CFGAC [1994]; N1303K (2.7%) 1898+G→C (0.5%) Estivill et al.[1997] R553X (1.7%) G970R (0.5%) 1717-1G→A (1.6%) 4218insT (0.5%) E60X (1.6%) 394delTT (0.5%) W1282X (1.4%) K830X (0.5%) 2183A→G+2184delA (1.2%) E822K (0.5%) W401X (1.0%) 3272-1G→A (0.5%) A455E (1.0%) S1161R (0.5%) 3272-26A→G (1.0%) R1162X (0.5%) S1251N (1.0%) 3750delAG (0.5%) S1235R (0.8%) S1255P (0.5%) ∆I507 (0.6%) Bulgaria ∆F508 (63.6%) R75Q (1.0%) 93.0 86.5 21 948/432 Angelicheva et al. [1997]; (total) N1303K (5.6%) 2183AA→G (0.9%) Estivill et al. [1997]; Macek G542X (3.9%) G1244V+S912L (0.9%) et al. [2002] R347P (2.2%) G85E (0.9%) 1677delTA (2.1%) 2184insA (0.9%) R1070Q (1.8%) L88X+G1069R (0.8%) Q220X (1.2%) 2789+5G→A (0.8%) 3849+10KbC→T (1.1%) G1244E (0.8%) W1282X (1.0%) 1717-1G→A (0.8%) 2176insC (1.0%) Y919C (0.7%) G1069R (1.0%) WORLDWIDEANALYSISOFCFTRMUTATIONS581 Bulgaria 1) DF508 4) 1677delTA - - 6 13 Angelicheva et al. [1997] (ethnic 2) R347P 5) Q493R Turks) 3) G542X 6) L571S - - 1 30 Angelicheva et al. [1997] Bulgaria 1) DF508 (100.0%) (Gypsy) Croatia ∆F508 (64.5%) G551D (1.1%) 72.5 52.6 5 276 Macek et al. [2002] G542X (3.3%) 3849+10KbC→T (0.7%) N1303K (2.9%) Czech ∆F508 (70.0%) 1898+1G→T (2.0%) 89.6 80.3 10 2196/628 CFGAC [1994]; Estiville et al. Republic CFTRdele2,3 (5.5%) 2143delT (1.2%) [1997]; Dörk et al. [2000]; G551D (3.8%) R347P (0.8%) Macek et al. [2002] N1303K (2.9%) 3849+10KbC→T (0.6%) G542X (2.2%) W1282X (0.6%) Denmark ∆F508 (87.5%) G542X (0.7%) 92.3 85.2 6 1888/678 CFGAC [1994]; Schwartz et al. (excluding 394delTT (1.8%) 621+1G→T (0.6%) [1994]; Estiville et al. [1997] Faroe) N1303K (1.1%) 3659delC (0.6%) Estonia ∆F508 (51.7%) R117C (1.7%) 80.2 64.3 10 165/80 Estivill et al. [1997]; Klaassen et 394delTT (13.3%) E217G (1.7%) al. [1998]; Macek et al. S1235R (3.3%) R1066H (1.7%) [2002] 359insT (1.7%) 3659delC (1.7%) I1005R (1.7%) S1169X (1.7%) Finland ∆F508 (46.2%) G542X (1.9%) 78.8 62.1 4 132/52 CFGAC [1994]; Kere et al. 394delTT (28.8%) 3372delA (1.9%) [1994]; Estivill et al. [1997] France ∆F508 (67.7%) 2789+5G→T (0.79%) 79.7 63.6 12 17854/7420 Chevalier-Porst et al. [1994]; (total) G542X (2.94%) 2184delA+2183A→G (0.77%) Estivill et al. [1997]; Claustres et al. [2000]; Guilloud-Bataille N1303K (1.83%) G551D (0.74%) et al. [2000] 1717-1G→A (1.35%) 1078delT (0.63%) W1282X (0.91%) ∆I507 (0.62%) R553X (0.86%) Y122K (0.59%) France ∆F508 (75.8%) R297Q (0.8%) 98.7 97.4 18 599/365 Férec et al. [1992]; Scotet et al. (Brittany) 1078delT (4.0%) R347H (0.8%) [2000] G551D (3.6%) I1234V (0.8%) N1303K (3.0%) R553X (0.8%) R117H (1.7%) 2789+5G→A (0.8%) 3272-26A→G (1.3%) 4005+1G→A (0.7%) G542X (1.1%) 621+1G→T (0.6%) 1717-1G→A (1.0%) ∆I507 (0.6%) G1249R (0.8%) W846X (0.5%) France ∆F508 (70.0%) N1303K (0.8%) 90.4 81.7 16 250 Claustres et al. [1993] (southern) G542X (6.4%) 3737delA (0.8%) 1717-1G→A (1.6%) R1162X (0.8%) L206W (1.2%) Y1092X (0.8%) R334W (1.2%) S945L (0.8%) ∆I507 (1.2%) K710X (0.8%) 2184delA (1.2%) 1078delT (0.8%) R1158X (1.2%) Y122X (0.8%) (Continued) BOBADILLAETAL. Login to comment
110 Germany ∆F508 (71.8%) 1789+5G→A (0.9%) 87.6 76.7 17 5662/1316 Dörk et al. [1992]; Dörk et al. R553X (2.0%) 3272-26A→G (0.9%) [1994]; Tümmler et al. [1996]; N1303K (1.8%) W1282X (0.7%) Estivill et al. [1997]; Dörk et G542X (1.2%) 2143delT (0.7%) al. [2000] R347P (1.2%) 1078delT (0.6%) CFTRdele2,3 (1.2%) 2183AA→G (0.6%) 3849+10KbC→T (1.0%) 2184insA (0.6%) G551D (0.9% 3659delC (0.6%) 1717-1G→A (0.9%) Greece ∆F508 (52.9%) 3272-26A→G (0.8%) 82.2 67.6 22 2097/718 Kanavakis et al. [1995]; Estivill 621+1G→T (5.0%) R1070Q (0.8%) et al. [1997]; Tzetis et al. G542X (4.1%) W496X (0.7%) [1997]; Macek et al. [2002] N1303K (3.3%) 621+3A→G (0.7%) 2183AA→G (1.8%) ∆I507 (0.7%) 2789+5G→A (1.7%) W1282X (0.7%) E822X (1.6%) 574delA (0.7%) R117H (1.2%) 1677delTA (0.7%) R334W (1.1%) A46D (0.6%) R1158X (1.0%) 3120+1G→A (0.6%) G85E (1.0%) G551D (0.5%) Hungary ∆F508 (54.9%) W1282X (1.8%) 68.3 46.6 9 1133/976 CFGAC [1994]; Estivill et al. 1717-1G→A (1.9%) G542X (1.7%) [1997]; Macek et al. [2002] R553X (2.1%) N1303K (1.3%) Y1092X (1.8%) G551D (1.0%) S1196X (1.8%) Ireland ∆F508 (70.4%) G542X (1.0%) 82.1 67.4 7 801/509 CFGAC [1994]; Estivill et al. G551D (5.7%) 621+1G→T (0.8%) [1994] R117H (2.4%) 1717-1G→A (0.6%) R560T (1.2%) Italy ∆F508 (50.9%) ∆I507 (0.65%) 60.3 36.4 9 3524 Estivill et al. [1997] (total) G542X (3.1%) W1282X (0.62%) 1717-1G→A (1.6%) Y122K (0.59%) N1303K (1.4%) G551D (0.53%) R553X (0.94%) Italy ∆F508 (47.6%) R553X (1.3%) 87.1 75.9 15 225 Bonizzato et al. [1995] (Northeast) R1162X (9.8%) 2789+G→A (1.3%) 2183AA→G (9.3%) Q552X (1.3%) N1303K (4.0%) 621+1G→T (0.9%) G542X (2.7%) W1282X (0.9%) 711+5G→A (2.7%) 3132delTG (0.9%) 1717-1G→A (2.2%) 2790-2A→G (0.9%) G85E (1.3%) TABLE 1. Continued. Estimated Projected detection of Number of Number of Country/ allele two CFTR mutations chromosomes Region Mutation array detectiona mutationsb includedc (max/min)d Reference WORLDWIDEANALYSISOFCFTRMUTATIONS583 Italy ∆F508 (56.4%) 711+1G→T (1.3%) 85.7 73.4 13 660/396 Castaldo et al. [1996]; Castaldo (southern) N1303K (6.8%) G1244E (1.3%) et al. [1999] G542X (5.7%) R1185X (1.3%) W1282X (3.8%) L1065P (1.3%) 1717-1G→A (2.3%) R553X (1.1%) 2183AA→G (1.9%) I148T (0.7%) 4016insT (1.8%) Latvia 1) DF508 (58.3%) 4) CFTRdele2,3 (2.8%) - - 6 36 Dörk et al. [2000]; Macek et al. 2) 3849+10KbC®T (8.3%) 5) W1282X (2.8%) [2002] 3) N1303K (5.6%) 6) 394delTT (2.8%) Lithuania ∆F508 (31.0%) N1303K (2.0%) 39.0 15.2 4 94 Dörk et al. [2000]; Macek et al. R553X (4.0%) CFTRdele2,3 (2.0%) [2002] Macedonia ∆F508 (54.3%) 711+3A→G (1.0%) 69.2 47.9 12 559/226 Petreska et al. [1998]; Dörk et G542X (4.2%) 3849G→A (1.0%) al. [2000]; Macek et al. N1303K (2.0%) 2184insA (0.9%) [2002] CFTRdele2,3 (1.3%) 457TAT→G (0.7%) 621+1G→T (1.3%) V139E (0.7%) 611-1G→T (1.2%) 1811+1G→C (0.6%) Netherlands ∆F508 (74.2%) R1162X (0.9%) 86.8 75.3 9 3167/1442 Gan et al. [1995]; Estiville et al. A455E (4.7%) S1251N (0.9%) [1997]; Collee et al. [1998] G542X (1.8%) N1303K (0.9%) 1717-1G→A (1.5%) W1282X (0.7%) R553X (1.2%) Norway ∆F508 (60.2%) G551D (1.2%) 69.8 48.7 6 410/242 Schwartz et al. [1994]; Estivill 394delTT (4.2%) G542X (0.6%) et al. [1997] R117H (3.0%) N1303K (0.6%) Poland ∆F508 (57.1%) CFTRdele2,3 (1.8%) 73.5 54.0 11 4046/1726 CFGAC [1994]; Estivill et al. 3849+10Kb C→T (2.7%) R560T (1.5%) [1997]; Dörk et al [2000]; G542X (2.6%) W1282X (0.7%) Macek et al. [2002] 1717-1G→A (2.4%) ∆I507 (0.5%) R553X (1.9%) G551D (0.5%) N1303K (1.8%) Portugal ∆F508 (44.7%) R334W (0.7%) 49.7 24.7 5 739/454 CFGAC [1994]; Estivill et al. G542X (1.6%) N1303K (0.7%) [1997] R1066C (2.0%) Romania ∆F508 (36.6%) G542X (1.4%) 51.5 26.5 11 224/74 CFGAC [1994]; Estivill et al. 2043delG (2.0%) R553X (1.4%) [1997]; Popa et al. [1997]; W1282X (1.7%) G576X (1.4%) Macek et al. [2002] 1717-2A→G (1.4%) 1898+1G→A (1.4%) I148T (1.4%) 2183AA→G (1.4%) 621+1G→T (1.4%) Russia ∆F508 (54.4%) 552insA (0.9%) 70.7 50.0 12 5073/2562 CFGAC [1994]; Estivill et al. CFTRdele2,3 (5.0%) G542X (0.9%) [1997]; Dörk et al. [2000]; R553X (3.5%) R334W (0.9%) Macek et al. [2002] 2183AA→G (1.3%) 1677delTA (0.8%) W1282X (1.0%) Y122X (0.5%) 394delTT (1.0%) 1367del5 (0.5%) (Continued) BOBADILLAETAL. Login to comment
111 Slovakia ∆F508 (57.3%) CFTRdele2,3 (1.2%) 82.7 68.4 14 908/254 CFGAC [1994]; Estivill et al. G542X (6.8%) 3849+10KbC→T (1.0%) [1997]; Dörk et al. [2000]; R553X (4.0%) S42F (0.9%) Macek et al. [2002] N1303K (3.4%) R75X (0.9%) 2143delT (1.8%) G85E (0.9%) R347P (1.4%) 605insT (0.9%) W1282X (1.3%) 1898+1G→A (0.9%) Slovenia ∆F508 (57.8%) R347P (1.1%) 79.7 63.5 16 455/132 CFGAC [1994]; Dörk et al. 2789+5G→A (4.1%) S4X (0.8%) [2000]; Macek et al. [2002] R1162X (3.2%) 457TAT→G (0.8%) G542X (1.9%) D192G (0.8%) Q552X (1.5%) R553X (0.8%) Q685X (1.5%) A559T (0.8%) 3905insT (1.5%) 2907delTT (0.8%) CFTRdele2,3 (1.5%) 3667ins4 (0.8%) Spain ∆F508 (52.7%) G85E (0.8%) 80.2 64.3 21 3608/1356 Chillón et al. [1994]; Casals et G542X (8.0%) R1066C (0.8%) al. [1997]; Estivill et al. [1997] N1303K (2.5%) 2789+5G→A (0.7%) 3601-111G→C (2.0%) 2869insG (0.7%) 1811+1.6Kb A→G (1.7%) ∆I507 (0.6%) R1162X (1.6%) W1282X (0.6%) 711+1G→T (1.3%) L206W (0.5%) R334W (1.2%) R709X (0.5%) Q890X (1.0%) K710X (0.5%) 1609delCA (1.0%) 3272-26A→G (0.5%) 712-1G→T (1.0%) Sweden ∆F508 (66.6%) E60X (0.6%) 85.9 73.8 10 1357/662 Schwartz et al. [1994]; Estivill et 394delTT (7.3%) Y109C (0.6%) al. [1997]; Schaedel et al. 3659delC (5.4%) R117H (0.6%) [1999] 175insT (2.4%) R117C (0.6%) T338I (1.2%) G542X (0.6%) Switzerland ∆F508 (57.2%) K1200E (2.1%) 91.3 83.4 9 1268/1173 Estivill et al. [1997]; R553X (14.0%) N1303K (1.2%) Hergersberg et al. [1997] 3905insT (9.8%) W1282X (1.1%) 1717-1G→A (2.7%) R347P (0.6%) G542X (2.6%) Ukraine ∆F508 (65.2%) CFTRdele2,3 (1.1%) 74.6 55.7 6 1055/580 Estivill et al. [1997]; Dörk et al. R553X (3.6%) G551D (1.8%) [2000]; Macek et al. [2002] N1303K (2.4%) W1282X (0.5%) United ∆F508 (75.3%) 621+1G→T (0.93%) 81.6 66.6 5 19622/9815 Schwartz et al. [1995b]; Kingdom G551D (3.1%) 1717-1G→A (0.57%) Estivill et al. [1997] (total) G542X (1.7%) TABLE 1. Continued. Estimated Projected detection of Number of Number of Country/ allele two CFTR mutations chromosomes Region Mutation array detectiona mutationsb includedc (max/min)d Reference WORLDWIDEANALYSISOFCFTRMUTATIONS585 United ∆F508 (56.6%) 621+1G→T (1.8%) 69.1 47.7 7 456 CFGAC [1994] Kingdom G551D (3.7%) R117H (1.5%) (N. Ireland) R560T (2.6%) ∆I507 (0.9%) G542X (2.0%) United ∆F508 (19.2%) 621+2T→C (3.8%) 84.4 71.2 11 52 Malone et al. [1998] Kingdom Y569D (15.4%) 2184insA (3.8%) (Pakistani) Q98X (11.5%) R560S (1.9%) 1525-1G→A (9.6%) 1898+1G→T (1.9%) 296+12T→C (7.7%) R709X (1.9%) 1161delC (7.7%) United ∆F508 (71.3%) 1717-1G→A (1.0%) 86.4 74.6 9 1236/730 Shrimpton et al. [1991]; Kingdom G551D (5.5%) 621+1G→T (0.6%) Gilfillan et al. [1998] (Scotland) G542X (4.0%) ∆I507 (0.6%) R117H (1.4%) R560T (0.6%) P67L (1.4%) United ∆F508 (71.6%) 1717-1G→A (1.1%) 98.7 97.4 17 183 Cheadle et al. [1993] Kingdom 621+1G→T (6.6%) 3659delC (0.5%) (Wales) 1898+1G→A (5.5%) R117H (0.5%) G542X (2.2%) N1303K (0.5%) G551D (2.2%) E60X (0.5%) 1078delT (2.2%) S549N (0.5%) R1283M (1.6%) 3849+10KbC→T (0.5%) R553X (1.1%) 4016insT (0.5%) ∆I507 (1.1%) Yugoslavia ∆F508 (68.9%) 3849G→A (1.0%) 82.2 67.6 11 709/398 Dabovic et al. [1992]; Estivill et G542X (4.0%) N1303K (0.8%) al. [1997]; Macek et al. R1162C (3.0%) 525delT (0.5%) (submitted for publication) 457TAT→G (1.0%) 621+1G→T (0.5%) I148T (1.0%) G551D (0.5%) Q552X (1.0%) Middle East/Africa Algeria 1) DF508 (20.0%) 4) 1812-1G®A (5.0%) - - 5 20 Loumi et al. [1999] 2) N1303K (20.0%) 5) V754M (5.0%) 3) 711+1G®T (10.0%) Jewish W1282X (48.0%) 3849+10KbC→T (6.0%) 95.0 90.3 6 261 Kerem et al. [1995] (Ashkenazi) ∆F508 (28.0%) N1303K (3.0%) G542X (9.0%) 1717-1G→A (1.0%) Jewish 1) N1303K - - 1 6 Kerem et al. [1995] (Egypt) Jewish 1) Q359K/T360K - - 1 8 Kerem et al. [1995] (Georgia) Jewish 1) DF508 2) 405+1G®A - - 2 11 Kerem et al. [1995] (Libya) Jewish 1) DF508 (72.0%) 3) D1152H (6.0%) - - 3 33 Kerem et al. [1995] (Morocco) 2) S549R (6.0%) Jewish ∆F508 (35.0%) W1282X (2.0%) 43.0 18.5 4 51 Shoshani et al. [1992] (Sepharadim) G542X (4.0%) S549I (2.0%) (Continued) BOBADILLAETAL. Login to comment
112 Jewish 1) 405+1G®A (48.0%) 3) W1282X (17.0%) - - 4 23 Kerem et al. [1995] (Tunisia) 2) DF508 (31.0%) 4) 3849+10KbC®T (4.0%) Jewish 1) G85E 4) G542X - - 6 10 Kerem et al. [1995] (Turkey) 2) DF508 5) 3849+10KbC®T 3) W1282X 6) W1089X Jewish (Yemen) None - - 0 5 Kerem et al. [1995] Lebanon 1) DF508 (35.0%) 6) 4096-28G®A (2.5%) - - 9 40 Desgeorges et al. [1997] 2) W1282X (20.0%) 7) 2789+5G®A (2.5%) 3) 4010del4 (10.0%) 8) M952I (2.5%) 4) N1303K (10.0%) 9) E672del (2.5%) 5) S4X (5.0%) Reunion ∆F508 (52.0%) 1717-1G→A (0.7%) 90.4 81.7 9 138 Cartault et al. [1996] Island Y122X (24.0%) G542X (0.7%) 3120+1G→A (8.0%) A309G (0.7%) A455E (2.2%) 2789+5G→A (0.7%) G551D (1.4%) Saudi North: 3) H139L - - North 1 49 families El-Harith et al. [1997]; Arabia 1) 1548delG 4) L1177X Central 3 Kambouris et al. [1997]; Central: 5) DF508 South 4 Banjar et al. [1999] 1)I1234V 6) 3120+1G®A West 9 2)1548delG 7) 425del42 East 6 3)DF508 8) R553X South: 9) N1303K 1) I1234V East: 2) 1548delG 1) 3120+1G®A 3) 711+1G®T 2) H139L 4) 3120+1G®A 3) 1548delG West: 4) DF508 1) I1234V 5) S549R 2) G115X 6) N1303K Tunisia ∆F508 (17.6%) G85E (2.6%) 58.7 34.5 11 78 Messaoud et al. [1996] G542X (8.9%) W1282X (2.6%) 711+1G→T (7.7%) Y122X (1.3%) N1303K (6.4%) T665S (1.3%) 2766del8NT (6.4%) R47W+D1270N (1.3%) R1066C (2.6%) Turkeye ∆F508 (24.5%) 1066L (1.3%) 80.6 65.0 36 1067/670 Yilmaz et al. [1995]; Estivill et al. 1677delTA (4.1%) E822X (1.3%) [1997]; Onay et al. [1998]; 2789+5G→A (3.9%) 2183+5G→A+2184insA (1.3%) Macek et al. [2002] 2181delA (3.8%) D110H (0.8%) R347H (3.6%) P1013L (0.8%) N1303K (2.9%) 3172delAC (0.8%) 621+1G→T (2.6%) 1259insA (0.8%) G542X (2.6%) M1028I (0.8%) TABLE 1. Continued. Estimated Projected detection of Number of Number of Country/ allele two CFTR mutations chromosomes Region Mutation array detectiona mutationsb includedc (max/min)d Reference WORLDWIDEANALYSISOFCFTRMUTATIONS587 E92K (2.6%) 4005+1G→A (0.7%) A96E (2.6%) W1282X (0.7%) M152V (2.6%) I148T (0.6%) 2183AA→G (2.5%) R1162X (0.6%) 296+9A→T (1.6%) D1152H (0.6%) 2043delG (1.4%) W1098X (0.6%) E92X (1.4%) E831X (0.6%) K68N (1.4%) W496X (0.6%) G85E (1.3%) F1052V (0.5%) R1158X (1.3%) L571S (0.5%) United Arab S549R (61.5%) ∆F508 (26.9%) 88.4 78.1 2 86/52 Frossard et al. [1988]; Emirates Frossard et al. [1999] North/Central/South Americas Argentina ∆F508 (58.6%) N1303K (1.8%) 69.1 47.7 5 326/228 CFGAC [1994]; Chertkoff et al. W1282X (3.9%) 1717-1G→A (0.9%) [1997] G542X (3.9%) Brazilf ∆F508 (47.7%) W1282X (1.3%) 66.8 44.6 10 820/500 CFGAC [1994]; Cabello et al. (total) G542X (7.2%) G85E (1.3%) [1999]; Raskin et al. [1999]; R1162X (2.5%) R553X (0.7%) Bernardino et al. [2000] R334W (2.5%) L206W (0.6%) N1303K (2.4%) 2347delG (0.6%) South East: >∆F508, G542X South: >N1303K Brazil ∆F508 (31.7%) N1303K (2.5%) 42.5 18.1 3 120 Parizotto and Bertuzzo [1997] (Sao Paulo) G542X (8.3%) Canada ∆F508 (59.0%) G542X (0.5%) 98.5 97.0 13 381/200 Rozen et al. [1992]; (Lac St. Jean) 621+1G→T (24.3%) N1303K (0.5%) De Braekeleer et al. [1998] A445E (8.2%) Q890X (0.5%) Y1092X (1.2%) S489X (0.5) 711+1G→T (1.0%) R117C (0.5%) I148T (1.0%) R1158 (0.5%) G85E (0.8%) Canada ∆F508 (71.4%) ∆I507 (1.3%) 90.9 82.6 7 77 Rozen et al. [1992] (Quebec City) 711+1G→T (9.1%) Y1092X (1.3%) 621+1G→T (5.2%) N1303K (1.3%) A455E (1.3%) Canada ∆F508 (70.9%) W1282X (0.9%) 82.0 67.2 10 632 Kristidis et al. [1992] (Toronto) G551D (3.1%) R117H (0.9%) G542X (2.2%) 1717-1G→A (0.6%) 621+1G→T (1.3%) R560T (0.6%) N1303K (0.9%) ∆I507 (0.6%) Chile ∆F508 (29.2%) R553X (4.2%) 33.4 11.2 2 72 Rios et al. [1994] Columbia 1) DF508 (35.4%) 3) N1303K (2.1%) - - 4 48 Restrepo et al. [2000] 2) G542X (6.3%) 4) W1282X (2.1%) Ecuador 1) DF508 (25%) - - 1 20 Paz-y-Mino et al. [1999] (Continued) BOBADILLAETAL. Login to comment
113 Mexico ∆F508 (41.6%) G551S (0.5%) 75.5 57.0 35 374/194 Orozco et al.[1993]; Villalobos- G542X (5.6%) 1078delT (0.5%) Torres et al. [1997]; Liang et al. ∆I507 (2.5%) Y1092X (0.5%) [1998]; Orozco et al. [2000] S549N (1.9%) R117H (0.5%) N1303K (1.7%) G85E (0.5%) R75X (1.5%) 1716G→A (0.5%) 406-1G→A (1.5%) W1204X (0.5%) I148T (1.5%) W1098C (0.5%) 3849+10KbC→T (1.5%) 846delT (0.5%) 621+1G→T (1.2%) P750L (0.5%) 2055del9→A (1.0%) V754M (0.5%) 935delA (1.0%) R75Q (0.5%) I506T (1.0) W1096X (0.5%) 3199del6 (1.0%) L558S (0.5%) 2183AA→G (1.0%) 4160insGGGG (0.5%) G551D (0.5%) 297-1G→A (0.5%) R553X (0.5%) H199Y (0.5%) 1924del7 (0.5%) United States ∆F508 (68.6%) R553X (0.9%) 79.7 63.5 10 25048 Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (total) G542X (2.4%) 621+1G→T (0.9%) [1998] G551D (2.1%) 1717-1G→A (0.7%) W1282X (1.4%) 3849+10KbC→T (0.7%) N1303K (1.3%) R117H (0.7%) United States ∆F508 (48.0%) S1255X (1.4%) 77.3 59.8 16 160/148 Carles et al. [1996]; Macek et al. (African 3120+1G→A (12.2%) 444delA (0.7%) [1997]; Dörk et al. [1998]; American) 2307insA (2.0%) R334W (0.7%) Friedman et al. [1998] A559T (2.0%) ∆I507 (0.7%) R553X (2.0%) 1717-1G→A (0.7%) ∆F311 (2.0%) G542X (0.7%) G480C (1.4%) S549N (0.7%) 405+3A→C (1.4%) G551D (0.7%) United States 1) L1093P - - 1 2 Yee et al. [2000] (Cherokee) United States Non-French: French: Non- Non- Non- Non- Bayleran et al. [1996] (Maine) ∆F508 (82.0%) ∆F508 (58%) French: French: French: French: G542X (2.6%) 711+1G→T (8.3%) 95.3 90.8 11 191 G551D (2.6%) I148T (4.2%) French: French: French: French: N1303K (2.1%) A455E (4.2%) 80.3 64.5 8 72 R560T (1.0%) 1717-1G→A (1.4%) Total: 621+1G→T (1.0%) G85E (1.4%) 263 711+1G→T (1.0%) 621+1G→T (1.4%) R117H (1.0%) Y1092X (1.4%) 1717-1G→A (1.0%) G85E (0.5%) W1282X (0.5%) TABLE 1. Continued. Estimated Projected detection of Number of Number of Country/ allele two CFTR mutations chromosomes Region Mutation array detectiona mutationsb includedc (max/min)d Reference WORLDWIDEANALYSISOFCFTRMUTATIONS589 United States ∆F508 (46.0%) R334W (1.6%) 58.5 34.2 7 129 Grebe et al. [1994] (SW Hispanic) G542X (5.4%) W1282X (0.8%) 3849+10KbC→T (2.3%) R553X (0.8%) R1162X (1.6%) United States 1) R1162X - - 3 17 Mercier et al. [1992] (SW Native 2) D648V American) 3) G542X United States 1) R1162X 3) G542X - - 4 16 Mercier et al. [1994] (Zuni Pueblo) 2) 3849+10KbC®T 4) D648V Venezuela ∆F508 (29.6%) G542X (3.7%) 33.3 11.1 2 54 Restrepo et al. [2000] Other Regions Australia ∆F508 (76.9%) 621+1G→T (1.1%) 88.7 78.7 8 761/464 CFGAC [1994] G551D (4.5%) N1303K (0.9%) G542X (2.8%) W1282X (0.6%) R553X (1.3%) R117H (0.6%) East Asia 1) 1898+1G®T 2) 1898+5G®T - - 2 28 Suwanjutha et al. [1998] Hutterite 1) M1101K (69.0%) 2) DF508 (31.0%) - - 2 32 Zielenski et al. [1993] Brethren New Zealand ∆F508 (78.0%) N1303K (1.9%) 87.4 76.4 5 636 CFGAC [1994] G551D (4.4%) 621+1G→T (1.1%) G542X (2.0%) *This table presents the mutation panels for all regions investigated in this study. Login to comment
213 Ideal Recommended CFTR Mutation Screening Panel for 2001 Neonatal Screening in the USA* Location Estimated Mutation in CFTRa percentageb Reason for inclusion DF508 Exon 10 68.6% CFF registry, >1%, Pan-European G542X Exon 11 2.4% CFF registry, >1%, Mediterranean G551D Exon 11 2.1% CFF registry, >1%, Celtic W1282X Exon 20 1.4% CFF registry, >1%, Ashkenazi Jew N1303K Exon 21 1.3% CFF registry, >1%, Mediterranean R553X Exon 11 0.9% CFF registry, >0.5%, Hispanic 621+1G®T Intron 4 0.9% CFF registry, >0.5%, multi-ethnic 1717-1G®A Intron 10 0.7% CFF registry, >0.5%, Italian 3849+10KbC®T Intron 19 0.7% CFF registry, >0.5%, Hispanic R117Hc Exon 4 0.7% CFF registry, >0.5% 1898+1G→T Intron 12 0.4% CFF registry, >0.1%, East Asian DI507 Exon 10 0.3% CFF registry, >0.1%, Hispanic 2789+5G®A Intron 14b 0.3% CFF registry, >0.1% G85E Exon 3 0.3% CFF registry, >0.1% R347P Exon 7 0.2% CFF registry, >0.1% R334W Exon 7 0.2% CFF registry, >0.1%, multi-ethnic R1162X Exon 19 0.2% CFF registry, >0.1%, multi-ethnic R560T Exon 11 0.2% CFF registry, >0.1% 3659delC Exon 19 0.2% CFF registry, >0.1% A455E Exon 9 0.2% CFF registry, >0.1% 2184delA Exon 13 0.1% CFF registry, >0.1% S549N Exon 11 0.1% CFF registry, >0.1%, multi-ethnic 711+1G®T Intron 5 0.1% CFF registry, >0.1% R75X Exon 3 0.2% Hispanic 406-1G→A Intron 3 0.2% Hispanic I148T Exon 4 0.2% Hispanic, French 2055del9→A Exon 13 0.1% Hispanic 935delA Exon 6b 0.1% Hispanic I506T Exon 10 0.1% Hispanic 3199del6 Exon 17a 0.1% Hispanic 2183AA→G Exon 13 0.1% Hispanic 3120+1G®A Intron 16 1.5% African American, Arabian 2307insA Exon 13 0.2% African American A559T Exon 11 0.2% African American ∆F311 Exon 7 0.2% African American G480C Exon 10 0.2% African American 405+3A→C Intron 3 0.2% African American S1255X Exon 20 0.2% African American L1093P Exon 17b Undetermined Native American D648V Exon 13 Undetermined Native American I1234V Exon 19 Undetermined Arabian linkage S549R Exon 11 Undetermined Arabian linkage 1898+5G→T Intron 12 Undetermined East Asian linkage CFTRdele2,3 Exons 2,3 Undetermined Eastern European linkage (Slavic) Y1092X Exon 17b Undetermined French linkage 394delTT Exon 3 Undetermined Nordic linkage Y569D Exon 12 Undetermined Pakistani linkage 3905insT Exon 20 Undetermined Swiss linkage (also: Amish, Acadian, Mennonite) 1898+1G®A Intron 12 Undetermined Welsh linkage M1101k Exon 17b Undetermined Hutterite ancestry *This table presents the top 50 mutations in the USA based on the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation CF Registry data from 1997 [Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, 1998], and data generated during our investigation. Login to comment

PMID: 12089190 [PubMed] Wang X et al: "Development and evaluation of a PCR-based, line probe assay for the detection of 58 alleles in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene."

No. Sentence Comment

68 Amplicon Size, bp Mutations (polymorphisms) Exon 13 598 2307 insA Intron 8, exon 09 548 A455E, 5T (7/9 T polymorphism) Exon 10 482 G480C, ⌬I507, ⌬F508 (F508C, I507V, I506V polymorphisms) Intron 10, exon 11 433 1717-1G3A, G542X, G551D, R553X, A559T, R560T Exon 19 420 R1162X, 3659delC Exon 21 397 N1303K Exon 20 359 S1255X, W1282X Exon 07 328 1078delT, R334W, R347P Exon 04, intron 4 288 R117H, 621ϩ1G3T Intron 14b 248 2789ϩ5G3A Intron 19 237 3849ϩ10kbC3T Exon 03 210 G85E, 405ϩ3A3C Intron 5 166 711ϩ1G3T Intron 16 139 3120ϩ1G3A Clinical Chemistry 48, No. Login to comment
82 During the evaluation phase, a sample that was previously genotyped as a compound heterozygote, S549N/ R553X, hybridized as expected with the R553X wild-type and mutant probes. Login to comment
83 However, the presence of the R553X and S549N mutations precluded hybridization to the G551D wild-type probe (data not shown). Login to comment
84 Thus, although the assay correctly identified the R553X mutation in a heterozygous state, the lack of hybridization with the G551D wild-type probe (absence of signal in the wild-type allele) indicated the need for additional analysis to determine the genotype of the sample. Login to comment
88 The genotypes of each sample are as follows: lane 1, ϩ/ϩ (ϩ is the wild type); lane 2, 5T, R117H/3659delC; lane 3, G542X/ϩ; lane 4, I506V/ϩ; lane 5, I507V/ϩ; lane 6, F508C/⌬F508; lane 7, G85E/⌬F508; lane 8, 405ϩ3A3C/3120ϩ1G3C; lane 9, R117H/ϩ; lane 10, 621ϩ1G3T/⌬F508; lane 11, 711ϩ1G3T/⌬F508; lane 12, 1078delT/ϩ; lane 13, R334W/⌬F508; lane 14, R347P/⌬F508; lane 15, A455E/ϩ; lane 16, G480C/⌬F508; lane 17, ⌬I507/ϩ; lane 18, ⌬F508/ϩ; lane 19, 1717-1G3A/ϩ; lane 20, G542X/ϩ; lane 21, G551D/⌬F508; lane 22, R553X/ϩ; lane 23, R560T/⌬F508; lane 24, G551D/A559T; lane 25, 2307insA/ϩ; lane 26, 2789ϩ5G3A/⌬F508; lane 27, 3120ϩ1G3A/⌬F508; lane 28, R1162X/R1162X; lane 29, 3659delC/⌬F508; lane 30, 3849ϩ10kbC3T/⌬F508; lane 31, S1255X/⌬F508; lane 32, W1282X/G542X; lane 33, N1303K/ϩ. Login to comment

PMID: 12116247 [PubMed] Muller F et al: "Predicting the risk of cystic fibrosis with abnormal ultrasound signs of fetal bowel: results of a French molecular collaborative study based on 641 prospective cases."

No. Sentence Comment

46 Depending on the laboratory, the methods most frequently used were reverse dot blot with the Inno-Lipa CF2 kit (Murex) (eight mutations detected: DF508, DI507, G542X, G551D, R553X, 1717-1G ! Login to comment
48 A, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, S549R, S549N, 3849 þ 10kbC ! Login to comment

PMID: 12124743 [PubMed] Salvatore F et al: "Genotype-phenotype correlation in cystic fibrosis: the role of modifier genes."

No. Sentence Comment

25 Several mutations of this group have a frequency of > 2% among CF chromosomes within most populations studied, e.g., W1282X [Shoshani et al., 1992], R553X, and G542X [Casals et al., 1993]. Login to comment
65 Secondly, pulmonary expression was heterogeneous in CF patient homozygotes for nonsense mutations, although CFTR mRNA was not detected at the pulmonary level in these patients [Hamosh et al., 1991]; for example, a mild pulmonary expression has been reported in several patient homozygotes for nonsense mutations [Cutting et al., 1990b; Cuppens et al., 1990], such as R553X [Castaldo et al., 1996] and G542X [Castaldo et al., 1997]. Login to comment

PMID: 12133923 [PubMed] Corbetta C et al: "Screening for cystic fibrosis in newborn infants: results of a pilot programme based on a two tier protocol (IRT/DNA/IRT) in the Italian population."

No. Sentence Comment

266 Mutations identified by the assay are G85E, 621+1G→T, R117H, Y122X, 711+1G→T, 1078delT, R347P, R347H, R334W, A455E, 1898+1G→A, 2183-AA→G, 2789+5G→A, delF508, I507del, Q493X, V520F, 1717-1G→A, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, S549R, S549N, 3849+10kbC→T, 3849+4A→G, R1162X, 3659delC, W1282X, 3905insT, and N1303K. Login to comment

PMID: 12151438 [PubMed] Wang Z et al: "Analysis by mass spectrometry of 100 cystic fibrosis gene mutations in 92 patients with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

20 Given the frequency of CF mutations, especially in the Caucasian population ( in 25), and the common request by CBAVD men to sire their own offspring by using surgical Table I. The 100 most common cystic fibrosis mutations listed by exon Mutationa Exonb Frequency (%)c G85E 3 0.1 394delTT 3 Swedish E60X 3 Belgium R75X 3 405ϩ1G→A Int 3 R117H 4 0.30 Y122X 4 French 457TAT→G 4 Austria I148T 4 Canada (French Canadian) 574delA 4 444delA 4 R117L 4 621ϩ1G→T Int 4 0.72 711ϩ1G→T Int 5 Ͼ0.1 712-1G→T Int 5 711ϩ5G→A Int 5 Italy (Caucasian) L206W 6a R347P 7 0.24 1078delT 7 Ͼ0.1 R334W 7 Ͼ0.1 1154InsTC 7 T338I 7 Italy R347H 7 Turkey Q359K/T360K 7 Israel (Georgian Jews) I336K 7 R352Q 7 G330X 7 S364P 7 A455E 9 0.20 I507 10 0.21 F508 10 66.02 1609delCA 10 Spain (Caucasian) V520F 10 Q493X 10 C524X 10 G480C 10 Q493R 10 1717-1G→A Int 10 0.58 R553X 11 0.73 G551D 11 1.64 G542X 11 2.42 R560T 11 Ͼ0.1 S549N 11 Q552X 11 Italy S549I 11 Israel (Arabs) A559T 11 African American R553G 11 R560K 11 1812-1G→A Int 11 A561E 12 E585X 12 Y563D 12 Y563N 12 1898ϩ1G→A Int 12 0.22 1898ϩ1G→C Int 12 2183AA→G 13 Italian 2184delA 13 Ͻ0.1 K710X 13 2143delT 13 Moscow (Russian) 2184InsA 13 1949del84 13 Spain (Spanish) 2176InsC 13 2043delG 13 2307insA 13 2789ϩ5G→A Int 14b Ͼ0.1 2869insG 15 S945L 15 Q890X 15 3120G→A 16 2067 Table I. continued Mutationa Exonb Frequency (%)c 3120ϩ1G→A Int 16 African American 3272-26A→G Int 17a R1066C 17b Portugal (Portugese) L1077P 17b R1070Q 17b Bulgarian W1089X 17b M1101K 17b Canada (Hutterite) R1070P 17b R1162X 19 0.29 3659delC 19 Ͼ0.1 3849G→A 19 3662delA 19 3791delC 19 3821delT 19 Russian Q1238X 19 S1235R 19 France, South S1196X 19 K1177R 19 3849ϩ10kbC→T Int 19 0.24 3849ϩ4A→G Int 19 W1282X 20 1.22 S1251N 20 Dutch, Belgian 3905insT 20 Swiss, Acadian, Amish G1244E 20 R1283M 20 Welsh W1282R 20 D1270N 20 S1255X 20 African American 4005ϩ1G→A Int 20 N1303K 21 1.34 W1316X 21 aMutations were chosen according to their frequencies (Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium, 1994; Zielenski and Tsui, 1995; Estivill et al., 1997). Login to comment
34 The mutations in the 25 mutation panel were: ∆F508, G542X, N1303K, G551D, W1282X, 1717-1G→A, R553X, 621ϩ1G→T, R1162X, 2183AA→G, R117H, ∆I507, R560T, 3849ϩ10kbC→T, S549N, S549I, S549R, R1283M, R1283K, R553G, R560K, R117L, 1774delCT, 1811ϩ1G→C, and 4006-61del14. Login to comment
35 ACMG 25 mutation panel (ACMG25): The following mutations are the recommended core mutations for general population CF carrier screening by American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) (Grody, et al 2001): ∆F508, G542X, N1303K, G551D, W1282X, 1717-1G→A, R553X, 621ϩ1G→T, R1162X, R117H, ∆I507, 1898ϩ1G→A, G85E, R347P, A455E, R560T, R334W, 3849ϩ10kbC→T, 3659delC, 1078delT, 2789ϩ5G→A, 711ϩ1G→T, 2184delA, 3120ϩ1G→A and I148T. Login to comment

PMID: 12215837 [PubMed] Scotet V et al: "Spatial and temporal distribution of cystic fibrosis and of its mutations in Brittany, France: a retrospective study from 1960."

No. Sentence Comment

118 His genotype was ∆F508/∆F508 Mutation Exon Basse-Bretagne Haute-Bretagne Brittanya ∆F508 10 446 75.6% 224 73.7% 672 75.0% 1078delT 7 31 5.3% 3 1.0% 34 3.8% G551D 11 21 3.6% 12 3.9% 33 3.7% N1303K 21 3 0.5% 9 3.0% 12 1.3% W846X 14a 9 1.5% 1 0.3% 10 1.1% 2789+5G→A 14b 3 0.5% 6 2.0% 9 1.0% 1717-1G→A 11 5 0.8% 3 1.0% 8 0.9% Y1092X 17b 1 0.2% 6 2.0% 7 0.8% 4005+1G→A 20 6 1.0% 1 0.3% 7 0.8% E60X 3 3 0.5% 3 1.0% 6 0.7% 621+1G→T 4 3 0.5% 3 1.0% 6 0.7% R347H 7 6 1.0% 0 0.0% 6 0.7% S492F 10 2 0.3% 3 1.0% 5 0.6% G542X 11 4 0.7% 1 0.3% 5 0.6% 3272-26A→G 17b 2 0.3% 3 1.0% 5 0.6% R117H 4 3 0.5% 1 0.3% 4 0.4% G91R 3 3 0.5% 0 0.0% 3 0.3% ∆I507 10 1 0.2% 2 0.7% 3 0.3% R553X 11 3 0.5% 0 0.0% 3 0.3% W1282X 20 2 0.3% 1 0.3% 3 0.3% A72D 3 0 0.0% 2 0.7% 2 0.2% G85E 3 0 0.0% 2 0.7% 2 0.2% F311L 7 0 0.0% 2 0.7% 2 0.2% 1221delCT 7 2 0.3% 0 0.0% 2 0.2% R560K 11 0 0.0% 2 0.7% 2 0.2% 2622+1G→A 13 2 0.3% 0 0.0% 2 0.2% S945L 15 0 0.0% 2 0.7% 2 0.2% I1234V 19 2 0.3% 0 0.0% 2 0.2% G1249R 20 2 0.3% 0 0.0% 2 0.2% 3905insT 20 2 0.3% 0 0.0% 2 0.2% Unidentified - 3 0.5% 0 0.0% 3 0.3% Total - 590 65.7% 304 34.3% 896 100% IVS17bTA, IVS17bCA) of Irish, Scottish, English, Breton and Czech subjects who were carriers of this mutation, and showed that all these alleles carried a unique haplotype (16-7-17), testifying to the Celtic origin of this mutation (Cashman et al. 1995). Login to comment

PMID: 12357328 [PubMed] McCormick J et al: "Demographics of the UK cystic fibrosis population: implications for neonatal screening."

No. Sentence Comment

79 It is envisaged that the proposed screening programme will be based on a three-stage protocol.6 In Table 3 Genotypes of the UK CF Caucasian and ISC populations Percentage of Percentage of genotyped UK CF genotyped UK CF Caucasian population ISC population Genotype n=4753 (%) n=78 (%) DF508/DF508 57.5 24.7 DF508/Unknown 11.5 3.5 DF508/G551D 5.1 0.0 DF508/G542X 2.8 0.0 Unknown/Unknown 2.7 27.1 DF508/621+1G?T 2.0 1.2 DF508/R117H 2.0 0.0 DF508/1898+1G?A 1.0 0.0 DF508/1717-G?A 0.9 0.0 DF508/N1303K 0.8 0.0 DF508 DI507 0.8 0.0 DF508/R553X 0.6 0.0 DF508/R560T 0.6 0.0 DF508/Q493X 0.5 0.0 G551D/Unknown 0.4 0.0 Other/Other 2.8 15.3* DF508/Other 6.7 0.0 Y569D/Y569D 0.0 8.2 L218X/L218X 0.0 3.5 1161delC/1161delC 0.0 3.5 R709X/V456A 0.0 2.4 G542X/G542X 0.4 2.4 Other/Unknown 1.0 3.5 The shaded areas represent the commonest genotypes in the ISC population. Login to comment
85 Table 4 The commonest CFTR mutations in the UK Genotypes UK CF population Genotyped UK Caucasian CF Genotyped UK CF ISC (n=9866 chromosomes) population (n=9506 chromosomes) population (n=156 chromosomes) CFTR mutation gene frequency per 1000 genes gene frequency per 1000 genes gene frequency per 1000 genes DF508 741.0 752.0 294.9 G551D 33.7 34.3 12.8 G542X 18.5 18.4 25.6 R117H 12.5 12.7 0.0 621+1G?T 12.7 12.7 6.4 1717-1G?A 5.8 5.8 0.0 1898+1G?A 5.7 5.9 0.0 N1303K 5.6 5.4 0.0 DI507 4.8 5.0 0.0 R560T 4.2 4.3 0.0 R553X 3.3 3.4 0.0 1154insTC 3.2 3.3 0.0 Q493X 2.8 2.9 0.0 3659delC 2.8 2.9 0.0 E60X 2.4 2.4 0.0 W1282X 2.7 2.7 0.0 P67L 2.1 2.1 0.0 G85E 2.1 2.0 0.0 V520F 1.6 1.7 0.0 1078delT 1.3 1.4 0.0 Y569D 1.5 0.0 96.2 L218X 0.6 0.0 38.5 1161delC 0.7 0.1 38.5 R1162X 0.9 0.6 19.2 R709X 0.4 0.2 12.8 3849+10kbC?T 1.2 0.8 19.2 S549R* 0.6 0.0 0.0 *S549R mutations appear in the non-Caucasian but not the ISC subgroup. Login to comment
97 In North America, DF508 accounts for 71.2%, with G542X (2.4%), G551D (2.4%), W1282X (1.4%), N1303K (1.3%) and R553X (0.9%).8 Genotype frequencies in CF have previously been shown to fit a Hardy - Weinberg model in a smaller regional UK study.9 In the current study, we find that the genotype frequencies only satisfy the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provided we exclude those without an identified CFTR mutation in the Other/Other category. Login to comment
103 N1303K and G542X occur at a frequency of around 5% in Italy.11 In Germany, a study of 658 CF families revealed mutation frequencies of R553X (1.8%), N1303K (1.3%), G542X (1.1%), G551D (0.8%) and R347P (0.8%).12 The frequency of CFTR mutations recorded for just over 1000 patients for the Irish CF Database include G551D in 7%, R117H in 2% and DF508 in 72% of patients.13 In the white South African population, a paper based on 192 patients found that DF508 accounts for 76% of the mutations with 3272-26A?G (4%), 394delTT (3.6%) and G542X (1.3%) the other most common mutations.14 It is suggested that the 3272-26A?G and 394delTT mutations are more common due to a founder effect in white South Africans of European descent. Login to comment

PMID: 12359632 [PubMed] Zegarra-Moran O et al: "Correction of G551D-CFTR transport defect in epithelial monolayers by genistein but not by CPX or MPB-07."

No. Sentence Comment

70 The second mutation is presently unknown, but is not one of the 15 most frequent mutations found in the CF patients of Northeast Italy, namely F508del, I507del, R1162X, 2183AA4G, N1303K, 3849+10KbC4T, G542X, 1717-1G4A, R553X, Q552X, G85E, 711+5G4A, 3132delTG, 2789+5G4A, W1282X. Login to comment

PMID: 12394352 [PubMed] Richards CS et al: "Standards and guidelines for CFTR mutation testing."

No. Sentence Comment

307 ⌬F508 R553X R1162X 2184delA 3120ϩ1GϾA ⌬I507 G542X G551D W1282X N1303K 621ϩ1GϾT R117H 1717-1GϾA A455E R560T G85E R334W R347P 711ϩ1GϾT 1898ϩ1GϾA 1078delT 3849ϩ10kbCϾT 2789ϩ5GϾA 3659delC I148T CF 3.3.2 Inclusion of the common R117H mutation in the test panel screens for CBAVD as well as for CF: The phenotypic consequences of the R117H mutation are modulated in cis by the 5/7/9T polypyrimidine tract in intron 8 such that R117H/7T is associated with CBAVD and R117H/5T is associated with CF.34 Moreover, the 5T allele is associated as a trans mutation in CBAVD.35 It is recommended that the 5/7/9T variant be excluded from the routine carrier screen but tested as a reflex for carriers shown to be heterozygous for the R117H mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 12437773 [PubMed] Huber K et al: "Survey of CF mutations in the clinical laboratory."

No. Sentence Comment

36 F508C, I507V, I506V polymorphism exon 11 1717-1G → A, G542X, S549N, G551D, R553X, R560T exon 20 W1282X exon 21 N1303K intron 19 3849+10kb C → T Innogenetics assay: exon 3 394delTT, G85E, E60X exon/intron 4 621+1G-T, R117H exon 7 1078delT, R347P, R334W exon 13 2143delT, 2183AA-G, 2184delA exon 19 R1162X, 3659delC intron 5 711+5G-A intron8/exon 9 A455E,, 5T,7T,9T intron 14b 2789+5G-A intron 19 3849+10kb C-T Table 2: Genotypes of patients with mutations, final results Group 1) (patients with symptoms typical for/indicative of CF) No. Login to comment
117 In the case of the G551D/WT R553X/WT genotype, the Roche test needs careful interpretation (and ought to be improved) because the hybridisation at the one locus destabilised the hybridisation at the other locus which is only 4 bp apart. Login to comment
118 Accordingly, the line assay showed a G551D/G551D and R553X/R553X (two homozygote mutations) genotype instead of the correct G551D/WT and R553X/WT (compound heterozygote) genotype. Login to comment

PMID: 12503104 [PubMed] Kulczycki LL et al: "A clinical perspective of cystic fibrosis and new genetic findings: relationship of CFTR mutations to genotype-phenotype manifestations."

No. Sentence Comment

12 The frequency of other mutations, for example R553X, G542X, and 1717-1(G-A), is estimated to range from 1-3% [Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium, 1990, 1994]. Login to comment
84 At the age of 60, genetic testing indicated two mutations H1282X (severe) and A 445E (mild), confirming the CF diagnosis as a compound heterzygote with normal alleles for D F508, -G551D, -R553X, -G542X, and N1303K [Kulczycki et al., 1998]. Login to comment

PMID: 12592165 [PubMed] Navarro J et al: "[National program for neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis: implementation and preliminary results]."

No. Sentence Comment

46 3 Les mutations étudiées sont : 1717-1G > A - G542X - W 1282 X - N 1303 K - DF 508 (M) - 3849 + 10kbC > T - 621+1 G > T - R553X - G 551D, R117H, R1162X - R 334W - A455E - 2183 AA > G - 3659delC-- 1078 delT - D1507 - R347P - S 1251N, E60X, 2789+5G > A - 394del T - G 85 E - 1811+1.6 - Y122X - 711+1G > T - W 846 X - Y 1092 - 3272-26A > G. Login to comment

PMID: 12612194 [PubMed] Mall M et al: "Modulation of Ca2+-activated Cl- secretion by basolateral K+ channels in human normal and cystic fibrosis airway epithelia."

No. Sentence Comment

32 CF patients were genotyped for the following common CFTR mutations: ⌬F508, R553X, N1303 K, G542X, G551D, and R347P. Login to comment

PMID: 12630958 [PubMed] Devaney J et al: "Cystic fibrosis mutation frequencies in an Irish population."

No. Sentence Comment

17 Eight common mutations were screened using polymerase chain reaction-restriction enzyme analysis (PCR-REA): R117H, 1717±1G > A, DI507, DF508, G542X, G551D, R553X and R560T. Login to comment
26 PCR-REA An in-house PCR-REA procedure was used to screen for the eight common mutations (R117H, 1717±1G > A, DI507, DF508, G542X, G551D, R553X and R560T). Login to comment
65 Frequency of common CF mutations Mutation Numberof chromosomes Frequency (%) R117H 25 2.70 1717^1G >A 20 2.16 DI507 4 0.43 DF508 658 70.97 G542X 4 0.43 G551D 70 7.55 R553X 2 0.22 R560T 4 0.43 Total 788 85 Frequencypercentages areadjustedtorepresent 85%. Login to comment

PMID: 12651880 [PubMed] Witt H et al: "Chronic pancreatitis and cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

430 Nucleus Class I defective protein synthesis (R553X, W1282X, 3950delT) Class II abnormal processing/trafficking (del508, N1303K) Class VI defective regulation of other ion channels (del508, G551D) Class V reduced synthesis (3849+10kbC>T) Class IV decreased conductance (R117H, R347P, D1152H) Class III defective activation (G551D) I II VI V III IV RD ATP Endoplasmic reticulum NBD NBD Golgi mutations result in a decreased amount of functional protein by abnormal splicing or reduced trafficking. Login to comment

PMID: 12676769 [PubMed] Zabner J et al: "Development of cystic fibrosis and noncystic fibrosis airway cell lines."

No. Sentence Comment

140 Immortal normal and CF HAE cell lines Cell Line CF Genotype Rt, ⍀⅐cm2 NuLi-1 WT Ͼ450 NuLi-2 WT Ͻ50 CuFi-1 ⌬F508/⌬F508 Ͼ450 CuFi-2 ⌬F508/⌬F508 Ͻ50 CuFi-3 ⌬F508/R553X Ͼ450 CuFi-4 ⌬F508/G551D Ͼ450 Cells were transduced with hTERT and human papilloma virus type 16 E6/E7 retroviruses. Login to comment
190 Primary lung epithelial cells from CF lung transplant recipients were infected with hTERT and HPV-16 E6/E7 to generate four different immortalized CF cells: CuFi-1 (⌬508/⌬508), CuFi-2 (⌬508/⌬508), CuFi-3 (⌬508/R553X), and CuFi-4 (⌬508/G551D). Login to comment
241 Differentiated primary cultures of airway epithelial cells from 3 different immortalized CF cells: CuFi-1 (⌬508/⌬508, A), CuFi-3 (⌬508/R553X, B), and CuFi-4 (⌬508/G551D, C) at passage 18 were individually thawed and seeded onto semipermeable filters and compared with their primary source. Login to comment
267 CuFi-3 cells that express R553X (2, 5, 16, 47) could be an excellent candidate for screening those drugs. Login to comment

PMID: 12680831 [PubMed] Cimmino M et al: "Clinical characteristics and genotype analysis of patients with cystic fibrosis and nasal polyposis."

No. Sentence Comment

47 Analysis of mutations in the CFTR gene as tested by the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by the reverse dot-blot technique, which searches for 29 of the most frequent mutations (DF508, N1303K, G542X, W1282X, 1717±1 G-A, R553X, 2183 AA-G, DI507, G551D, R560T, 3849 10kbC > T, R1162X, 3659delC, 3905insT, G85E, 621 1GT, R117H, R347P, R334W, A455E, 2789 5GA, Q552X, S1251N, 3905insT, 394delTT, E60X, 2143delT, 2184delA, 711 5G > A), and by ASO dot-blot for the following mutations: I148T, R1158X, 4016 1T, G1244E G >A.26 Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate analysis, by forward stepwise comparison; it was done to ®nd out which of the examined characteristics could be associated (P < 0.01) to nasal polyposis. Login to comment

PMID: 12794695 [PubMed] Timmreck LS et al: "Analysis of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations in patients with congenital absence of the uterus and vagina."

No. Sentence Comment

82 CFTR Gene Mutations Tested DF508 R334W Y1092X 5T variant Y122X R347H G542X S549R 3,849 þ 4 G551D 3,849 þ 10 kb 2,789 þ 5 W1282X R553X 711 þ 1 3,905 þ T 621 þ 1 1,898 þ 1 N1303K 1,717À1 R1162X R117H 1078dT A455E D1507 Q493X 218dA R347P V520F G85E R560T S549N 3659dC Wolffian duct must occur at a time when the Mu¨llerian duct is no longer dependent on the Wolffian duct for development. Login to comment

PMID: 12815607 [PubMed] Scotet V et al: "Comparison of the CFTR mutation spectrum in three cohorts of patients of Celtic origin from Brittany (France) and Ireland."

No. Sentence Comment

64 Spectrum of the CFTR Mutations Identified in the Cohorts from Brittany, Dublin Centre, and Cork Area Nucleotide Amino acid change * change Exon Number Frequency Number Frequency Number Frequency 211delG 2 1 0.1% 310G>T E60X 3 5 0.6% 4 0.3% 347C>A A72D 3 1 0.1% 368G>A W79X 3 1 0.1% 386G>A G85E 3 2 0.3% 3 0.2% 403G>A G91R 3 2 0.3% 482G>A R117H 4 4 0.5% 38 3.0% 4 1.4% 498T>A Y122X 4 1 0.1% 574delA 4 1 0.1% 577G>A G149R 4 1 0.1% 621+1G>T int 4 5 0.6% 21 1.7% 790C>T Q220X 6a 1 0.1% 875+1G>C int 6a 1 0.4% 905delG 6b 1 0.1% 1065C>G F311L 7 2 0.3% 1078delT 7 28 3.6% 1132C>T R334W 7 1 0.1% 1172G>A R347H 7 5 0.6% 1172G>T R347L 7 1 0.1% 1172G>C R347P 7 1 0.1% 1187G>A R352Q 7 3 0.2% 2 0.7% 1208A>G Q359R 7 1 0.1% 1154insTC 7 2 0.2% 1221delCT 7 2 0.3% 1248+1G>A int 7 1 0.1% 1249-27delTA int 7 1 0.4% 1334G>A W401X 8 1 0.1% 1461ins4 9 5 0.4% 1471delA 9 2 0.2% 1607C>T S492F 10 2 0.3% 1609C>T Q493X 10 1 0.1% 1648_1653delATC I507del 10 3 0.4% 10 0.8% 1 0.4% 1652_1655del 3 bp F508del 10 582 74.8% 966 76.5% 226 81.3% 1690G>T V520F 10 4 0.3% 1717-1G>A int 10 8 1.0% 9 0.7% 1756G>T G542X 11 5 0.6% 8 0.6% 1779T>G S549R 11 1 0.1% 1784G>A G551D 11 29 3.7% 82 6.5% 27 9.7% 1789C>G R553G 11 1 0.1% 1789C>T R553X 11 3 0.4% 1 0.1% 1806delA 11 1 0.1% 1811G>A R560K 11 2 0.3% 1811G>C R560T 11 30 2.4% 2 0.7% 1819T>A Y563N 12 1 0.1% 1853C>A P574H 12 1 0.1% 1898+1G>A int 12 1 0.1% 2184delA 13 1 0.1% 1 0.1% 2184insA 13 1 0.1% 2622+1G>A int 13 1 0.1% 2 0.2% 2622+1G>T int 13 1 0.1% 2623-2A>G ** int 13 1 0.1% 2670G>A W846X2 14a 8 1.0% 2752-1G>T int 14a 1 0.1% 2752-26A>G int 14a 2 0.2% 2789+5G>A int 14b 6 0.8% 2966C>T S945L 15 2 0.3% 3007delG 15 4 0.3% 3040G>C G970R 15 1 0.1% 3062C>T S977F 16 1 0.1% 3120+1G>A int 16 1 0.1% 3272-26A>G int 17a 4 0.5% 2 0.2% 2 0.7% 3320dupli(CTATG) 17b 1 0.1% 3329G>A R1066H 17b 1 0.1% 3340C>T R1070W 17b 1 0.1% 3408C>A Y1092X 17b 7 0.9% 3442G>T E1104X 17b 1 0.1% 3446T>G ** M1105R 17b 1 0.1% 3586G>C D1152H 18 1 0.1% 3601-17T>C + 1367delC int 18 + 9 1 0.1% 3616C>T R1162X 19 1 0.1% 2 0.2% 3659delC 19 2 0.2% 3832A>G I1234V 19 2 0.3% 3849+4A>G int 19 1 0.1% 3849+10kbC>T int 19 3 0.2% 3877G>A G1249R 20 1 0.1% 3884G>A S1251N 20 1 0.1% 3898insC 20 1 0.1% 3905insT 20 2 0.3% 3978G>A W1282X 20 3 0.4% 4005+1G>A int 20 6 0.8% 4016insT 21 1 0.1% 4041C>G N1303K 21 11 1.4% 5 0.4% 4136T>C L1335P 22 1 0.1% 1 0.4% 4279insA 23 1 0.1% Unidentified Unidentified - 3 0.4% 41 3.2% 11 4.0% Total 778 100.0% 1262 100.0% 278 100.0% * All nucleotide changes correspond to cDNA numbering. Login to comment
76 Number Frequency Number Frequency 1652_1655del 3 bp F508del 384 75.6% 196 73.1% 582 74.8% 1784G>A G551D 17 3.3% 12 4.5% 29 3.7% 1078delT 25 4.9% 3 1.1% 28 3.6% 4041C>G N1303K 3 0.6% 8 3.0% 11 1.4% 2670G>A W846X2 7 1.4% 1 0.4% 8 1.0% 1717-1G>A 5 1.0% 3 1.1% 8 1.0% 3408C>A Y1092X 1 0.2% 6 2.2% 7 0.9% 2789+5G>A 2 0.4% 4 1.5% 6 0.8% 4005+1G>A 5 1.0% 1 0.4% 6 0.8% 310G>T E60X 3 0.6% 2 0.7% 5 0.6% 621+1G>T 2 0.4% 3 1.1% 5 0.6% 1172G>A R347H 5 1.0% 5 0.6% 1756G>T G542X 4 0.8% 1 0.4% 5 0.6% 482G>A R117H 3 0.6% 1 0.4% 4 0.5% 3272-26A>G 2 0.4% 2 0.7% 4 0.5% 1648_1653delATC I507del 1 0.2% 2 0.7% 3 0.4% 1789C>T R553X 3 0.6% 3 0.4% 3978G>A W1282X 2 0.4% 1 0.4% 3 0.4% Unidentified Unidentified 3 0.6% 3 0.4% Total Total 508 100.0% 268 100.0% 778 100.0% Basse-Bretagne Haute-Bretagne Brittany * Amino acid change Nucleotide change Table 3: Distribution of the Main CFTR Nutations Observed in the Irish Cohorts (Dublin and Cork) The 62 mutations detected in Brittany combined to give 81 different genotypes in CF patients. Login to comment

PMID: 12865275 [PubMed] Ahmed N et al: "Molecular consequences of cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene mutations in the exocrine pancreas."

No. Sentence Comment

309 Table 2 Genotype classification according to the functional consequences of CFTR gene mutations Pancreatic status Class I Class II Class III Class IV Class V PS F1 , 875+1G→C(2) F, F (1) F, G551D (1) F, R117H (11) F,3849+10kbC→T (5) F, G85E2 (1) F, R347H (3) F,3272-26A→G (4) F, S1251N (2) F,A445E (3) F, D614G (1) F,P574H (2) F, R347P (1) F,3120G>A (1) R117H,R117H (1) F, 5T (8) F, L1335P (1) F,2789+5G→A (1) F,P67L (1) F,R347P/R347H (1) F,V232D(2) R334W, R334W(1) PS→PI F,3659delC (1) F,F (15) F,G551D (1) F, I1234V (1) F,2184insA (1) F,R560T (1) PI F, G542X (27) F,F (365) F, G551D (28) F, 621+1G→T (13) F, R560T (7) F,R553X (7) F, N1303K (9) F, R1162X (6) F,L1077P (2) F, 3659delC (5) F, I48T (1) F, 1717-1G→A (5) F,A559T (1) F, W1282X (5) F, G85E2 (2) F, 711+1G→T (5) G551D,G551D(1) F,2184delA(4) F,H199R (1) W1282X,W1282X (4) F,I1072T(1) F,Y1092X (3) F,S549 (R75Q) (1) F,556delA (3) F, Q493X (3) F,4016InsT (3) F, 3120+1G→A (2) F, G551D/R553X (2) F,Q814X(2) F,1154insTC (2) F,441delA (1) F, 4326delTC (1) F,Q552X(1) F,3007delG (1) F,2184insA (1) F, 4010del4 (1) F,3905insT (1) F,1078delT(1) F,E1104X (1) F,3876delA (1) F,4374+1G→T (1) F,E585X (1) F, E60X (1) CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator; PI, pancreatic insufficiency; PS, pancreatic sufficiency. Login to comment

PMID: 12881448 [PubMed] Malehorn DE et al: "Detection of cystic fibrosis mutations by peptide mass signature genotyping."

No. Sentence Comment

133 In the case of exon 11, a second analyte (exon 11.2) was designed in an alternative forward reading frame to detect the 1717-1 GϾA mutation, but it also scanned the remainder of the exon and registered its own characteristic mass shifts resulting from G542X and R553X mutations. Login to comment
138 ⌬b 3 R Y 9863.78 G85E SerϾPhe 9923.90 Y 60.12 4.1 R N 7047.69 R117H AlaϾVal 7075.76 N 28.07 4.2 R Y 11161.32 lI48T AsnϾSer 11134.32 Y -27.00 621ϩ1 GϾT TyrϾTAA 6513.09 N -4648.23 5 R Y 11081.45 711ϩ1 GϾT ThrϾAsn 11094.48 Y 13.03 7.1 R N 7383.08 1078⌬T frameshift 9201.10 Y 1818.02 7 R Y 12233.9 R334W ArgϾGln 12205.87 Y -28.03 R347P ArgϾGly 12134.79 Y -99.11 9 F Y 14049.68 A455E AlaϾGlu 14107.74 Y 58.06 10.2 R Y 10525.57 ⌬I507 ⌬ Asp 10410.50 Y -115.07 ⌬F508 ⌬ Asp & LysϾAsn 10396.43 Y -129.14 11.2 F Y 11173.32 1717-1 GϾA GlyϾArg 11272.46 Y 99.14 G542X TrpϾLeu 11100.27 Y -73.05 G551D no change 11173.32 Y 0.00 R553X ThrϾMet 11203.42 Y 30.10 R560T no change 11173.32 Y 0.00 11 F N 8465.27 1717-1 GϾA no change 8465.27 N 0.00 G542X GlyϾTGA 6584.17 N -1881.10 G551D GlyϾAsp 8523.33 N 58.06 R553X ArgϾTGA 7541.18 N -924.09 R560T ArgϾThr 8410.21 N -55.06 12 F Y 10372.51 1898ϩ1 GϾA GlyϾAsp 10430.57 Y 58.06 13.2A R Y 10103.23 2184⌬A frameshift 8726.91 N -1376.32 14B R Y 9291.17 2789ϩ5 GϾA LeuϾPhe 9325.21 Y 34.04 16 F N 9398.67 3120ϩ1 GϾA ValϾIle 9412.72 N 14.05 19 F Y 17455.96 R1162X ArgϾTGA 6280.13 N -11175.83 3659⌬C frameshift 9650.06 N -7805.90 19i F Y 9699.9 3849ϩ10kB CϾT ArgϾTGA 7131.04 N -2568.86 20 F N 11125.48 W1282X TrpϾTGA 9370.40 N -1755.08 21 F Y 11183.44 N1303K AsnϾLys 11197.54 Y 14.10 a Denotes the directionality of exonic sequence when expressed as peptide. Login to comment
181 The heterozygous mutations depicted are as follows: (A), exon 3 wt/G85E; (B), exon 4.1 wt/R117H; (C), exon 4.2 wt/I148T; (D), exon 4.2 wt/621 ؉ 1G>T; (E), exon 5 wt/711 ؉ 1G>T; (F), exon 7.1 wt/1078⌬T; (G), exon 7 wt/R334W; (H), exon 7 wt/R347P; (I), exon 9 wt/A455E; (J), exon 10.2 wt/⌬I507; (K), exon 10.2 wt/⌬F508; (L), exon 11.2 wt/1717-1G>A; (M), exon 11 wt/G542X; (N), exon 11 wt/G551D; (O), exon 11 wt/R553X; (P), exon 11 wt/R560T; (Q), exon 12 wt/1898 ؉ 1G>A; (R), exon 13.2A wt/2184⌬A; (S), exon 14B wt/2789 ؉ 5G>A; (T), exon 16 wt/3120 ؉ 1G>A; (U), exon 19 wt/R1162X; (V), exon 19 wt/3659⌬C; (W), intron 19 wt/3849 ؉ 10kbC>T; (X), exon 20 wt/W1282X; (Y), exon 21 wt/N1303K. typical yield of purified protein was 1-30 ␮g/test well, depending on the analyte species. Login to comment
203 Suppression of the opal codon created by mutation R553X caused the appearance of an 8495-Da analyte, 30 Da larger than the wild-type species, consistent with endogenous Trp-inserting suppression of the UGA mutation at the original Arg codon. Login to comment
228 The G542X and R553X mutations registered as mass shifts in both the exon 11 and exon 11.2 analytes, as predicted. Login to comment
229 Mutations predicted on the basis of their peptide mass Table 2. Summary of PMSG screening of putative compound heterozygous patient samples.a Exon Sample P154 P156 P158 P164 P165 P166 P168 P169 P175 P176 3.1 9871 9868 9872 9867 9863 9861 9866 9867 9861 9868 4.1 7054 7052 7057 7049 7048 7039 7048 7044 7047 7046 4.2 11172 11164 11175 11164 11157 11166 11159 11158 11163 11156 5 11096 11084 11098 11088 11088 11071 11084 11079 11076 11085 7.1 7386 7392 7382 7390 7382 7383 7379 7380 7387 7386 7 12232 12229 12234 12231 12237 12238 12239 12239 12240 12238 9 14064 14060 14065 14056 14062 14045 14050 14049 NAb 14051 10.2 10534 10531 10542 10533 No peakc 10525 10528 10527 10527 10524 Mutant 10404 10399 10409 10401 10400 10396 10398 10397 11.2 11186 11180 11182 11182 11179 11168 11175 11178 11075 11179 Mutant 11112 11205 11209 11105 11106 11 8477 8470 8477 8469 8467 8459 8468 8465 8465 ‫؍‬ supd 8459 ‫؍‬ supd Mutant 6591 8420 8427 7541 7539 8409 & 6581 8403 & 6576 12 10382 10376 10394 10379 10385 10365 10370 10370 10378 10366 13.2A 10103 10104 10103 10104 10105 10099 10099 10100 10098 10100 Mutant 8723 14B 9299 9294 9306 9300 9293 9283 9289 9291 9295 9294 16 9414 9403 9408 9402 9409 9391 9400 9396 9398 9396 19 17486 17476 17478 17481 17452 17447 17472 17453 17461 17448 Intron 19 9712 9709 9708 9709 9714 9696 9697 9704 9702 9700 20 11138 11128 11138 11135 11131 11117 NA 11122 11120 11116 Mutant 9372 21 11191 11189 11190 11187 11185 11181 11183 11185 11187 11183 Sequence result ⌬F508 ⌬F508 ⌬F508 ⌬F508 ⌬F508 ⌬F508 ⌬F508 ⌬F508 G542X G542X G542X W1282X R560T G551D ⌬F508 2183AAϾG R553X R553X R560T R560T a Shaded boxes highlight test analytes revealing evidence of mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 12885340 [PubMed] Devaney J et al: "HFE alleles in an Irish cystic fibrosis population."

No. Sentence Comment

57 Our non-DF508 CF patients were screened for the R117H, 1717-1G R A, DI507, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560K, and R560T CFTR mutations prior to inclusion in this study; it is interesting to note that the G542X and G551D alleles have positive and negative associations, respectively, with MI development (Schwarz et al., 1995; Feingold and Gailloud-Bataille, 1999). Login to comment

PMID: 12939655 [PubMed] Perri F et al: "Mutation analysis of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, the cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1) gene, and the serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) gene in patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

33 Mutation screening of the CFTR gene The 31 most frequent mutations (F508del, I507del, G551D, G542X, N1303K, 1717-1G4A, W1282X, R553X, R347P, R347H, R334W, 3849+10kb C4T, R117H, 621+1G4T, A455E, S549N, R560T, S549R, V520F, Q493X, 3849+ 4A4G, 1078delT, R1162X, 3659delC, 3905insT, Y122X, 2183delAA4G, 2789+5G4A, 1898+1G4A, 711+1G4T, and G85E) were examined with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by an oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) and finally a sequence-coded separation. Login to comment

PMID: 12940920 [PubMed] Rowntree RK et al: "The phenotypic consequences of CFTR mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

56 Alternatively, recent studies showed that premature stop codons, such as G542X and R553X, were suppressed by the addition of aminoglycoside antibiotics (e.g. gentamicin or G418) that are known to stimulate the suppression of stop codons in various organisms by near-cognate mis-pairing of an aminoacyl-tRNA with the premature stop codon (Howard et al. 1996). Login to comment
172 The first complex allele to be described was in 1991 where R553Q was detected on the same allele as F508 of a CF patient also carrying the R553X mutation (Dork et al. 1991). Login to comment

PMID: 12952861 [PubMed] Lee JH et al: "A haplotype-based molecular analysis of CFTR mutations associated with respiratory and pancreatic diseases."

No. Sentence Comment

74 CFTR genetic variants analyzed in this study Variations found by TDGS Most common worldwide disease-causing mutations Reported disease-associated microsatellite À8G/C (50 UTR)a R117H (exon 4) T5-7,9 (IVS 8) (16) I125T (exon 4)b 621 þ 1G > T (intron 4) E217G (exon 6a)b F508del (exon 10) 1059C > T (exon 7, A309)a 1717-1G > A (intron 10) M470V (exon 10)b G542X (exon 11) I556V (exon 11)b G551D (exon 11) 2694T/G (exon 14a, T854)b R553X (exon 11) Q1352H (exon 22)b R1162X (exon 19) R1453W (exon 24)b W1282X (exon 20) N1303K (exon 21) Mutation names and nucleotide numbers are presented according to the Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium (CFGAC; www.genet.sickkids.on.ca/). Login to comment

PMID: 14534332 [PubMed] Lukacs GL et al: "Pharmacologic approaches to correcting the basic defect in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

31 However, almost 60 percent of Ashkenazi Jewish patients with cystic fibrosis carry at least one copy of a nonsense gene alteration (e.g., R553X, G6542X, or W1282X). Login to comment

PMID: 14534336 [PubMed] Wilschanski M et al: "Gentamicin-induced correction of CFTR function in patients with cystic fibrosis and CFTR stop mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

129 In vitro studies using quantitative immunohistochemistry have shown that after incubation with an aminoglycoside, cells from patients with cystic fibrosis have as much as 25 percent (in those with the R553X mutation) to 35 percent (in those with the G542X mutation) of the concentration of full-length CFTR observed in cells transfected with a wild-type CFTR complementary DNA.12,13 This in- creaseinfunctionalCFTRmightexceedthethresh- old required for normally functioning respiratory epithelial cells and might thus have corrected cell-membrane function in our patients. Login to comment

PMID: 14562574 [PubMed] Morinville V et al: "Genetic disorders of the pancreas."

No. Sentence Comment

30 The close monitoring of the families affected with this condition played an important role in the identification of their genetic anomaly; the S family, described by McElroy and Christiansen in 1972 [34], was to play a pivotal role in helping Whitcomb et al 25 years later to uncover the Table 1 Recent genetic information on pancreatitis in children Gene Chromosome Mutations References Cationic trypsinogen (protease, serine1; PRSSI) 7q35 R122H; N29I A16V; others [4,11-19] Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) (SPINK1-serine protease inhibitor, Kazal Type 1) 5 N34S [20-22] CFTR-cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator 7 DF508; R117H; Q493X R560T; R553X; 5Tallele; 621 + 1(G!T) and others [23-27] Parathyroid cell receptor (CaR) 3 (3q21-24) N178D; R220Q; P221S; R648X; others [28-30] Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) 8 (8p22) N291S, S447X; G715A [31,32] Apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II) 19 (19q13.2) Val 18, Gln 2 and others [31] chromosomal [11], then the genetic abnormality [1], while in France Le Bodic et al [12] identified a very similar anomaly in a family described in 1963 by Cornet et al [35]. Login to comment
77 Mutations, including delta F508, R117H, Q493X, 621 + 1 (G!T), R560T, R553X, were found at 2.5 times the frequency expected in the general population studied (600 controls included). Login to comment

PMID: 14576497 [PubMed] Pezzilli R et al: "Mutations of the CFTR gene in pancreatic disease."

No. Sentence Comment

59 The 29 Mutations and the Tn Polymorphism Which Can Be Detected by INNO-LiPA Assays Mutation Exon/Intron (i) E60X, G85E, 394delTT 3 621 + 1G > T, R117H (i) 4, 4 711 + 5G > A (i) 5 1078delT, R347P, R334W 7 A455E, Tn (i) 8, 9 ⌬F508, ⌬I507 10 G542X, 1717-1 G > A, G551D, R553X, R560T, Q552X (i) 10, 11 2183AA > G, 2184del A, 2143delT 13 2789 + 5G > A (i) 14b R1162X, 3659delC 19 3849 + 10kbC > T (i) 19 3905insT, W1282X, S1251N 20 N1303K 21 Group 3: pancreatic cancer CFTR gene mutations were identified only in 1 of the 18 patients (5.6%) with this cancer. Login to comment

PMID: 14641997 [PubMed] Raskin S et al: "High allelic heterogeneity between Afro-Brazilians and Euro-Brazilians impacts cystic fibrosis genetic testing."

No. Sentence Comment

11 Although the major mutation causing CF accounts for 66% of mutant chromosomes screened worldwide, at least 1,000 sequence alterations associated with the disease have been identified in the CFTR gene during the past years, and their frequencies vary between populations (Tsui, 1990, 1992; Cystic Fibrosis Genetic AnalysisConsortium,1994, 1999).Previously, we have shown allelic heterogeneity in Brazilian CF patients of European origin by screening for DF508 and another four common worldwide mutations (G542X, N1303K, G551D, and R553X). Login to comment
63 FREQUENCIES OF 70 CFTR MUTATIONS IN DIFFERENT STATES OF BRAZIL, BY CONTINENTA L GROUP CFTR mutations SC PR MG detected n n n n % n % N % DF508 53 39 54 146 47.1 8 10.5 154 39.9 G542X 6 9 8 23 7.4 1 1.3 24 6.2 R1162X 9 2 4 15 4.8 2 2.6 17 4.4 N1303K 5 5 0 10 3.2 0 0 10 2.6 R334W 5 1 4 10 3.2 0 0 10 2.6 G85E 2 2 4 8 2.6 1 1.3 9 2.3 1717-1G®A 1 3 2 6 1.9 0 0 6 1.6 W1282X 4 1 1 6 1.9 0 0 6 1.6 3849110kbC®T 1 3 1 5 1.6 0 0 5 1.3 R553X 0 2 0 2 0.7 0 0 2 0.5 1812-1G®A 0 1 3 4 1.3 1 1.3 5 1.3 2183AA®G 2 1 0 3 1.0 0 0 3 0.8 312011G®A 0 0 2 2 0.7 2 2.6 4 1.0 Y1092X 0 1 1 2 0.7 1 1.3 3 0.8 G551D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 W1089X 0 0 1 1 0.3 0 0 1 0.3 6211G®T 0 1 0 1 0.3 0 0 1 0.3 Q1238X 0 1 0 1 0.3 0 0 1 0.3 711-1G®T 0 1 0 1 0.3 0 0 1 0.3 R347P 1 0 0 1 0.3 0 0 1 0.3 189811G®A 1 0 0 1 0.3 0 0 1 0.3 I507 0 0 1 1 0.3 0 0 1 0.3 Subtotal 91 73 86 250 80.7 16 21.1 266 68.9 Alleles with CFTR 5 27 28 60 19.4 60 79.0 120 31.1 mutations not detected Total 96 100 114 310 100.0 76 100.0 386 100.0 Detection rate (%) 94.8 73.0 75.4 250 80.7 16 21.1 266 68.9 The following 70 CFTR mutations were selected and tested on the basis of frequency in various populations, known association with CF, or predicted deleterious effect on the CFTR protein product; DF508, G542X, N1303K, G551D, R553X, DI507, A455E, A559T, C524X, D1270N, E60X, G178R, G330X, G85E, 2307insA, I148T, K710X, P574H, Q1238X, Q493X, Q890X, R1158X, R1162X, R117H, R334W, R347H, R347P 2307insA, I148T, K710X, P574H, Q1238X, Q493X, Q890X, R1158X, R1162X, R117H, R334W, R347H, R347P 2307insA, 1148T, K710X, P574H, Q1238X, Q493X, Q890X, R1158X, R1162X, R117H, R334W, R347H, R347P, R352Q, R560T, S1196X, S1255X, S364P, S549N, S549R, V520F, W1089X, W1282X, W1310X, W1316X, Y1092X, Y122X, Y563D, 1078delT,1677delTA,1717-1G-A,1812-1G-A,1898 1 1G-A, 2043delG,2183delAA-G, 2184delA, 2789 1 5G-A, 2869insG, 2909delT, 3120 1 1G-A, 3120G-A, 3358delAC, 3659delC, 3662delA, 3750delAG, 3791delC, 3821delT, 3849 1 10KbC-T, 3849 1 4A-G, 3905insT, 405 1 1G-A, 444delA, 556delA, 574delA, 621 1 1G-T, and 711 1 1G-T. aSC, Santa Catarina State; PR, Parana State; MG, Minas Gerais State; n, number of chromosomes. Login to comment
80 Two other mutations, R553X and G551D, are common worldwide, but are rare in Brazil. Login to comment

PMID: 14662004 [PubMed] Zeitlin PL et al: "Emerging drug treatments for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

57 Examples in this class include G542X, W1282X, R553X and 621 + 1 G→T. Login to comment
88 Class of mutation Molecular mechanism Pancreatic status (if known) Examples 1 No CFTR protein synthesis PI W1282X, G542X, R553X, 621 + 1 G→T, 1717-1 G→A, 3905insT, 394delTT 2 Abnormal CFTR processing and trafficking PI ∆F508, N1303K, P574H 3 Defective CFTR regulation (normal trafficking) PI G551D, G551S, G1349D, S1255P 4 Decreased CFTR chloride conductance PS R117H, R334W, R347P, P547H 5 Reduced synthesis and trafficking of normal CFTR PS A455E, 3849 + 10kb C→T, (5T) 6A Reduced apical stability PI S1455X, Q1412S, 4326delTC, 4279insA 6B Defective regulation of other ion channels PI G551D Note that the G551D is placed in Class 3 for defective regulation and Class 6B for defective regulation of the outwardly rectifying chloride channel. Login to comment

PMID: 14696845 [PubMed] Gronowitz E et al: "Association between serum oncofetal antigens CA 19-9 and CA 125 and clinical status in patients with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

43 Forty-eight patients were homozygous for DF508 and 25 were heterozygous for DF508 together with another severe mutation or had two other severe mutations (394delTT, 1112delT, 3659delC, 621 1G → T, E60X, R553X, 3126del4, R764X). Login to comment

PMID: 14739679 [PubMed] Farriaux JP et al: "Neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis: France rises to the challenge."

No. Sentence Comment

114 In its present version, the kit allows screening for 20 CFTR gene mutations (F508del, G542X, N1303K, 1717-1G>A, G551D, W1282X, R553X, I507del, 1078delT, 2183AA>G, 3849 þ 10kbC>T, R1162X, 621 þ 1G>T, R334W, R347P, 3659delC, R117H, S1251N, E60X, A455E) in one workday; moreover, it does not require any speci'c equipment. Login to comment

PMID: 14963811 [PubMed] Luzardo G et al: "Cystic fibrosis in Uruguay."

No. Sentence Comment

36 The CFTR mutations were detected by using one or more of the following methods: a) Reverse hybridization technique for eight mutations frequent in Europe (∆F508, G542X, N1303K, 1717-1G→A, W1282X, G551D, R553X and ∆I507), using a commercial kit from Inno Lipa CF2, Innogenetics, Belgium. Login to comment
42 RESULTS Genetic analysis led to the detection of 15 different mutations: ∆F508, G542X, R1162X, G85E, N1303K, R334W, R75Q, R74W, D1270N, W1282X, ∆I507, 2789+5G→A, R1066C, R553X and -816C/T. Login to comment
47 Mutation Cumulative (%)%N ∆F508 G542X R1162X G85E N1303K R334W R75Q Other mutations* Unknown 42 6 3 3 3 2 2 13 30 40.4 5.7 2.9 2.9 2.9 1.9 1.9 12.5 28.9 40.4 46.1 49.0 51.9 54.9 56.7 58.6 71.1 99.9 *R74W, D1270N, W1282X, ∆I507, 2789+5G→A, R1066C, -816C/T, R553X, 5T (3 cases associated to other mutations, 2 cases without known second mutation). Login to comment
89 We have also observed differences in the distribution and frequencies of non-∆F508 mutations between Uruguayans and patients from other LatinAmerican countries, in particular compared to theArgentinean population.AmongArgentine CF patients, seven mutations (∆F508, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, 17171G→A, R553X, R1162X) constituted 67.5% of the observed alleles (Chertkoff et al., 1997), while in our population 15 mutations corresponded to a similar cumulative percentage (71%). Login to comment
90 There is an agreement between the most common Uruguayan CFTR mutations (∆F508, G542X, R1162X, N1303K, R334W, W1282X and R553X) and those reported in the geographical regions from where most Uruguayans`ancestors originated, namely, Spain, the Canary Islands, Italy and the Basque regions. Login to comment

PMID: 14998948 [PubMed] Danziger KL et al: "Improved detection of cystic fibrosis mutations in infertility patients with DNA sequence analysis."

No. Sentence Comment

59 Polyacrylamide gels were analysed for the presence of mutations following staining in ethidium bromide (EtBr) and image capture under UV using the Gel Doc 1000 system Table I. List of CFTR mutations included in common mutation panels American College of Medical Genetics CF panel (25 mutations) DF508 G542X G551D R117H W1282X N1303K R1162X 3849+10kbC®T DI507 R553X 1717-1G®A 621+1G®T R560T 3659delC 3120+1G®A I148T G85E R334W A455E 1898+1G®A 2148delA 711+1G®T 2789+5G®A R347P 1078delT Six additional mutations and one polymorphism in UCSF panel (31 mutations) Y1092X R347H 3849+4 Q493X 3905insT S549N F508C (polymorphism) (BioRad). Login to comment

PMID: 15010427 [PubMed] Strom CM et al: "Direct visualization of cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator mutations in the clinical laboratory setting."

No. Sentence Comment

178 The optimal spotting conditions for each probe are indicated by the boxes around spots in C. wild-type controls and heterozygotes for each ACMG mutation and polymorphism, DNA from 12 compound heterozygotes (⌬F508/1898 ϩ 1GϾA, 711 ϩ 1GϾT/⌬F508, G85E/621 ϩ 1GϾT, 3659delC/⌬F508, 3120 ϩ 1GϾA/ 621 ϩ 1GϾT, R347P/G551D, A455E/⌬F508, R560T/ dF508, R553X/⌬F508, 621 ϩ 1GϾT/⌬F508, 621 ϩ 1GϾT/ 711 ϩ 1GϾT, R117H/⌬F508, and I506V/⌬F508) and DNA from 4 homozygous patients (⌬F508 and 2789 ϩ 5GϾA, 3849 ϩ 10kbCϾT, and G542X) was used in validation experiments. Login to comment
199 In this series, there were 17 ⌬F508 heterozygous patient samples, 1 ⌬F508 homozygous sample, 2 R117H heterozygous samples, and 1 heterozygous patient sample each for I148T, G542X, R553X, R347P, and 2789 ϩ 5GϾA, for a total of 26 mutant alleles. Additional mutant alleles detected in the control samples included three fixed control samples (⌬F508 homozygous, 5T/WT, 3659delC/⌬F508) on every plate and two heterozygous samples (R560T and 1078delT) and one heterozygous sample each for R334W, A455E, R347P, R117H, ⌬I507, I507V, G551D, and 1717-1GϾA as rotating controls. Login to comment
203 In this comparison, there were 19 ⌬F508 heterozygous patient samples, 3 I148T heterozygous samples, 3 R117H heterozygous and 1 R117H homozygous samples, 2 W1282X heterozygous samples, and 1 heterozygous patient sample each for G551D, R553X, R1162X, and 3849 ϩ 10kBCϾT, for a total of 36 mutant alleles. Additional mutant alleles detected for this study included fixed controls ⌬F508 homozygous, 5T/WT, and a N1303K heterozygous sample on all plates, and one heterozygous sample each for R560T, G542X, R553X, W1282X, 2184delA, G85E, I148T, 621 ϩ 1GϾT, R334W, R117H, 1078delT, and 1717-1GϾA as rotating controls. Login to comment

PMID: 15025720 [PubMed] Feuillet-Fieux MN et al: "Novel CFTR mutations in black cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

62 Some other mutations as the R553X mutation have arisen independently in the Caucasian and African populations on different chromosome backgrounds (15). Login to comment
70 Cystic fibrosis (CF) mutations reported in black patients African-Americans South Africans Central Africans Guianese Mutation n/N Reference Mutation n/N Reference Mutation n/N Reference Mutation 3120þ1G>A 18/148 (7) 3120þ1G>A 11/24 (4) 3120þ1G>A 1/2 (1) 14/112 (1) 2/10 4/6 (2) (1) W19C (7) À94G>T 1/24 (4) 3600þ11.5kbC>G 4/4 (13) IVS22þ1G>A* 405þ3A>C 2/148 (7) 2183delAA 1/24 (4) Y109X* 444delA 1/148 (7, 19) 3196del54 1/24 (4) EX17a-EX18 del* 621G>A (7) G1249E 1/24 (4) IVS2þ28A>G* 1002-3T>G (7) 1/6 (1) 1119delA (7) D1270N 2/10 (2) G330X (7) F311del 1/24 (20) S364P (7) 1342-2delAG (7) 1504delG (7) G480C 2/148 (6, 7) R553X 3/148 (7) A559T 3/148 (7) Y563D (7) I618T (7) R764X (7) 2307insA 3/148 (7, 21) 2734delG/insAT (7) 3662delA (22) 3791delC (7) S1255X 2/148 (7, 23) R1283S (24) W1316X (23) n, number of CF chromosomes with a given mutation; N, total number of CF chromosomes tested. Login to comment

PMID: 15047968 [PubMed] King PT et al: "Role of CFTR mutations in adult bronchiectasis."

No. Sentence Comment

230 The patients were screened for the 10 most common mutations in the local population (DF508, D1507, V520F, G542X, G551D, R553X, R117H, 621+1GRT, A455E and N1303K) responsible for 82% of cases of CF and the 5T mutation by previously published methods.7 8 Ethical approval for the project was obtained from the ethics committee at MMC. Login to comment

PMID: 15084222 [PubMed] D'Apice MR et al: "Molecular analysis using DHPLC of cystic fibrosis: increase of the mutation detection rate among the affected population in Central Italy."

No. Sentence Comment

89 Table 1: Primers and DHPLC (oven temperature, gradient) analysis conditions for 6b and 9 exons of the CFTR gene exon Primer 5' → 3' Amplicon length Oven temp (°C) % B buffer start/end 6b F - CAGAGATCAGAGAGCTGGG 323 56 55/63 R - GAGGTGGAAGTCTACCATGA 9 F - GGGATTTGGGGAATTATTTG 279 55 54/62 R - TCTCCAAAAATACCTTCCAG Table 2: CF mutations identified in cohort of 290 patients from the Central Italy Mutation Nucleotide change Exon/intron N % Method delF508 1652delCTT 10 328 56.36 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC N1303K 4041 C to G 21 51 8.76 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC G542X 1756 G to T 11 42 7.21 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC W1282X 3978 G to A 20 15 2.60 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC S549R 1779 T to G 11 8 1.37 DHPLC 621+1G-T 621+1 G to T Intron 4 7 1.20 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC 1717-1G-A 1717-1 G to A Intron 10 5 0.86 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC G85E 386 G to A 3 4 0.69 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC R553X 1789 C to T 11 4 0.69 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC H139R 548 A to G 6a 3 0.51 DHPLC R347P 1172 G to C 7 3 0.51 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC L1065P 3326 T to C 17b 3 0.51 DHPLC L1077P 3362 T to C 17b 3 0.51 DHPLC S4X 143 C to A 1 2 0.34 DHPLC D110H 460 G to C 4 2 0.34 DHPLC R334W 1132 C to T 7 2 0.34 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC M348K 1175 T to A 7 2 0.34 DHPLC 1259insA 1259 ins A 8 2 0.34 DHPLC S549N 1778 G to A 11 2 0.34 DHPLC L558S 1805 T to C 11 2 0.34 DHPLC 2183+AA-G 2183 A to G and 2184 del A 13 2 0.34 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC 2789+5G-A 2789+5 G to A Intron 14b 2 0.34 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC R1066C 3328 C to T 17b 2 0.34 DHPLC 3667ins4 3667insTCAA 19 2 0.34 DHPLC S42F 257 C to T 2 2 0.34 DHPLC R117L 482 G to T 4 1 0.17 DHPLC H199R 728 A to G 6a 1 0.17 DHPLC R334L 1133 G to T 7 1 0.17 DHPLC T338I 1145 C to T 7 1 0.17 DHPLC G551D 1784 G to A 11 1 0.17 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC Q552X 1786 C to T 11 1 0.17 INNO-LiPA, DHPLC D614G 1973 A to G 13 1 0.17 DHPLC A1006E 3149 C to A 17a 1 0.17 DHPLC 4016insT 4016 ins T 21 1 0.17 DHPLC 4040delA 4040 del A 21 1 0.17 DHPLC 4167del7 4167 delCTAAGCC 22 1 0.17 DHPLC Detected 511 88.10 Unknown 69 11.90 Total 580 100.00 N = number of CF chromosomes; % = frequency. Login to comment

PMID: 15084988 [PubMed] Naruse S et al: "A finger sweat chloride test for the detection of a high-risk group of chronic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

50 The DNA samples were analyzed using an amplification refractory mutation system kit for 20 common major CFTR mutations (E60X, R117H, R334W, R347P, A455E, ⌬I507, ⌬F508, G542X, G551D, R553X, 621+1G>T, 1078delT, R1162X, S1251N, W1282X, N1303K, 1717-1G>A, 2183AA>G, 3659delC, 3849+10kbC>T) (Elucigene CF 20, AstraZeneca Diagnostics, Abingdon, UK) following the standard procedures recommended by the manufacturer. Login to comment

PMID: 15121783 [PubMed] Fujiki K et al: "Genetic evidence for CFTR dysfunction in Japanese: background for chronic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

218 The 20 most common CF mutations (E60X, R117H, R334W, R347P, A455E, DI507, DF508, G542X, G551D, R553X, 621+1GRT, 1078delT, R1162X, S1251N, W1282X, N1303K, 1717-1GRA, 2183AARG, 3659delC, and 3849+10kbCRT) were tested by an Elucigene CF20 kit (AstraZeneca Diagnostics, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, UK). Login to comment

PMID: 15121798 [PubMed] Ogino S et al: "Bayesian risk assessment for autosomal recessive diseases: fetal echogenic bowel with one or no detectable CFTR mutation."

No. Sentence Comment

185 If a relative of parent A or parent B is affected or an obligate carrier, this table can still be applied when neither that relative nor any other family member has been tested. Table 3 Summary of carrier frequencies for cystic fibrosis, overall mutation detection rates by the ACMG 25 mutation panel, and frequencies of major mutations for each major ethnic group (adapted from Richards et al. and Bobadilla et al.)4 18 Ethnic group Cystic fibrosis carrier frequency Overall mutation detection rate by ACMG CFTR 25 mutation panel (%) Frequency DF508 among all disease alleles (%) Other major mutations (%)* Non-Hispanic 1/25 90 70 G542X 2.4 Caucasian G551D 2.1 W1282X 1.4 N1303K 1.3 Ashkenazi Jewish 1/25 97 30 W1282X 48 G542X 9.0 3849+10kbCRT 6.0 N1303K 3.0 1717-1GRA 1.0 African-American 1/65 69 48 3120+1GRA 12 2307insA 2.0 A559T 2.0 R553X 2.0 DF311 2.0 G480C 1.4 405+3ARC 1.4 S1255X 1.4 Hispanic American 1/46 57 46 G542X 5.4 3849+10kbCRT 2.3 R1162X 1.6 R334W 1.6 Asian American 1/90 ? Login to comment

PMID: 15173476 [PubMed] Comeau AM et al: "Population-based newborn screening for genetic disorders when multiple mutation DNA testing is incorporated: a cystic fibrosis newborn screening model demonstrating increased sensitivity but more carrier detections."

No. Sentence Comment

79 The 16-mutation panel included ⌬F508, R117H, G551D, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, R334W, 621 ϩ 1GϾT, R553X, ⌬I507, 1717-1GϾA, R347P, R560T, 3849 ϩ 10kbCϾT, A455E, and S549N. Login to comment
159 Genotypes and Frequencies Observed in 112 CF-Affected Infants First Mutation Second Mutation N ⌬F508 ⌬F508 55 ⌬F508 R117H 7* ⌬F508 G551D 4 ⌬F508 N1303K 3 ⌬F508 W1282X 3 ⌬F508 G542X 2 ⌬F508 1898 ϩ 1 G Ͼ A 2 G85E R117C 2 ⌬F508 1717-GϾA 1 ⌬F508 3849 ϩ 10kbC Ͼ T 1 ⌬F508 R1066C 1 ⌬F508 Y1092X 1 ⌬F508 L206W 1 ⌬F508 R560T 1 ⌬F508 1152H 1 ⌬F508 621 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 1 R117H G551D 1 R117H G85E 1 G551D 2789 ϩ 5GϾA 1 G551D R117C 1 G85E 711 ϩ 1GϾT 1 W1282X 3849 ϩ 10kbCϾT 1 R553X 2183AAϾG 1 A455E S549R 1 ⌬F508 Unknown† 13 N1303K Unknown 2 G542X Unknown 1 Unknown Unknown 2 * Includes 1 of the false-negative screens. Login to comment

PMID: 15233679 [PubMed] Choudari CP et al: "Risk of pancreatitis with mutation of the cystic fibrosis gene."

No. Sentence Comment

45 ( F508, G551D, R553X, W1282X, N1303K, R117H, Delta I507, 621+1G- >T, R560T, 1717-1G->A, 711+1G->T, and R1162X; Nichols Institute, Nichols Institute Reference Laboratories, California). Login to comment

PMID: 15238770 [PubMed] Felley C et al: "The role of CFTR and SPINK-1 mutations in pancreatic disorders in HIV-positive patients: a case-control study."

No. Sentence Comment

42 Samples were tested: (i) for 20 common CFTR mutations (delF508, 621+1G.T, G542X, 3849+10kbC.T, N1303K, 3659delC, 1717-1G.A, 1078delT, W1282X, R347P, G551D, A455E, R553X, S1251N, R1162X, delF507, R334W, 2183AA.G, R117H, and E60X; Elucigene CF20; Orchid Biosciences, Abingdon, UK); (ii) for the CFTR IVS8 5T variant (Elucigene CF Poly-T; Orchid); and (iii) for the SPINK-1 N34S polymorphism, by poly- Copyright (c) Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Login to comment

PMID: 15238778 [PubMed] Ockenga J et al: "The puzzle of genes and environmental risk factors for disease susceptibility: putting the pieces together."

No. Sentence Comment

11 Approximately 72% of cystic fibrosis patients are homozygous or compound heterozygous for eight mutations of the CFTR regulator gene on chromosome 7: delta F508, G542X, R553X, W1282X, N1303K, 621 + 1G!T, 1717-1G!A, R117H [3]; whereas the deletion delta F508 alone accounts for approximately 66% of mutant cystic fibrosis alleles. Login to comment

PMID: 15266396 [PubMed] Cardoso H et al: "A low prevalence of cystic fibrosis in Uruguayans of mainly European descent."

No. Sentence Comment

38 *G542X, R1162X, G85E, N1303K, R334W, R75Q, R74W, D1270N, W1282X, ∆I507, 2789+5G->A, R1066C, -816C/T, and R553X. Table 1. Login to comment
56 *G542X, R1162X, G85E, N1303K, R334W, R75Q, R74W, D1270N, W1282X, ∆I507, 2789+5G->A, R1066C, -816C/T, R553X. Table 2. Login to comment

PMID: 15297887 [PubMed] Jarzabek K et al: "Cystic fibrosis as a cause of infertility."

No. Sentence Comment

58 CFTR screening includes the most frequent CFTR mutations, for example in the German population: ΔF508, R347P, G542X, S549I, N, R (A→C), G551D, R553X, N1303K, 3849+10kbC→T [11]. Login to comment

PMID: 15354331 [PubMed] Strom CM et al: "Cystic fibrosis screening: lessons learned from the first 320,000 patients."

No. Sentence Comment

47 Frequency, all tests Frequency, CF mutations (%) delta F508 7610 1:44 75% R117H/7T or 9T 1030 1:325 NAb R117H/5T 103 1:3,254 0.51c W1282X 529 1:625 5.2 G542X 382 1:909 3.8 G551D 278 1:1,250 2.7 N1303K 201 1:1,668 2.0 3849ϩ10kb CϾT 167 1:2,007 1.6 1717-1 GϾA 102 1:3,286 1.0 R553X 102 1:3,286 1.0 621ϩ1 GϾT 98 1:3,420 0.97 2789ϩ5 GϾA 82 1:4,087 0.80 3120ϩ1 GϾA 73 1:4,591 0.72 R1162X 54 1:6,207 0.53 R334W 54 1:6,207 0.53 685E 52 1:6,446 0.51 R560T 52 1:6,446 0.51 Delta I507 51 1:6,572 0.50 711ϩ1 GϾT 40 1:8,380 0.39 1898ϩ1 GϾA 37 1:9,059 0.36 3659 del C 36 1:9,311 0.36 A455E 34 1:9,858 0.33 R347P 33 1:10,158 0.32 2184 del A 14 1:23,943 0.14 1078 del T 6 1:55,867 0.06 a I148T has been eliminated from these data. Login to comment

PMID: 15354332 [PubMed] Monaghan KG et al: "Preconception and prenatal cystic fibrosis carrier screening of African Americans reveals unanticipated frequencies for specific mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

51 R117H has been previously reported at an increased frequency among individuals undergoing carrier screening compared to those with a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.8 An unexpected result was the lack of 3120ϩ1G3A carriers, although 4 were expected given that this mutation accounts for Ϸ12% of the CF muta- Table 1 Summary of carrier screening results using various methods employed between December 2001 and September 2003 OLA v2.0, heteroduplex analysis (exons 4 and 13) and RFLP analysis (3120ϩ1G3A) OLA v3.0 INNO-LiPA Total screened 818 1274 97 No. of carriers identified 16 14 3 Observed carrier frequency 1/51 1/81 Mutations identified ⌬F508 (6), G622D (3), R117H/7T (3), I148T (3199del6 negative), Q98R, 1898ϩ1G3A, and G551Da ⌬F508 (14), R117H/7T, R553X, and G551D a In addition, 2 persons were positive for F693L (TTG) and 1 was positive for P140S (C3T at 550); both are variants of unknown clinical significance. Login to comment
80 However, laboratories, which receive a large proportion of specimens from individuals with a lower Table 2 Summary of ACOG/ACMG CF mutations identified among 2189 African Americans (4378 chromosomes) undergoing carrier screening Mutation Carriers identified Mutation frequency (%) (this study) Published mutation frequency (%)6,7 ⌬F508 20/33 61 29a -48 R117H/7T 4/33 12 1 G551D 2/33 6 1 I148T (3199del6 negative) 1/33 3 0 1898ϩ1G3A 1/33 3 1 R553X 1/33 3 0.5 3120ϩ1G3A 0 0 12-14 a The lower frequency of ⌬F508 reported by Heim et al. was most likely due to ascertainment bias. Login to comment

PMID: 15371902 [PubMed] Watson MS et al: "Cystic fibrosis population carrier screening: 2004 revision of American College of Medical Genetics mutation panel."

No. Sentence Comment

70 It has been ar- Table 1 CFTR mutation frequency among individuals with clinically diagnosed cystic fibrosis by racial/ethnic group and in a pan-ethnic U.S. population CFTR mutation Mutation frequency among individuals with clinically diagnosed cystic fibrosis (%) Non-Hispanic Caucasian Hispanic Caucasian African American Asian American Ashkenazi Jewish Pan-Ethnic Population5 delF508 72.42 54.38 44.07 38.95 31.41 66.31 G542X 2.28 5.10 1.45 0.00 7.55 2.64 W1282X 1.50 0.63 0.24 0.00 45.92 2.20 G551D 2.25 0.56 1.21 3.15 0.22 1.93 621ϩ1GϾT 1.57 0.26 1.11 0.00 0.00 1.30 N1303K 1.27 1.66 0.35 0.76 2.78 1.27 R553X 0.87 2.81 2.32 0.76 0.00 1.21 dell507 0.88 0.68 1.87 0.00 0.22 0.90 3849ϩ10kbCϾT 0.58 1.57 0.17 5.31 4.77 0.85 3120ϩ1GϾT 0.08 0.16 9.57 0.00 0.10 0.86 R117H 0.70 0.11 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.54 1717-1GϾT 0.48 0.27 0.37 0.00 0.67 0.44 2789ϩ5GϾA 0.48 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.38 R347P 0.45 0.16 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.36 711ϩ1GϾT 0.43 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.35 R334W 0.14 1.78 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.37 R560T 0.38 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.30 R1162X 0.23 0.58 0.66 0.00 0.00 0.30 3569delC 0.34 0.13 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.28 A455E 0.34 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.26 G85E 0.29 0.23 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.26 2184delA 0.17 0.16 0.05 0.00 0.10 0.15 1898ϩ1GϾA 0.16 0.05 0.06 0.00 0.10 0.13 l148T 0.09 0.09 0.05 0.00 0.10 0.08 1078delT 0.02 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 Total 88.40 71.90 64.51 48.93 94.14 84.00 gued that a laboratory is obligated to report any and all information that is gleaned from a test system, however, there is no regulatory requirement and practice varies. Login to comment

PMID: 15371903 [PubMed] Sugarman EA et al: "CFTR mutation distribution among U.S. Hispanic and African American individuals: evaluation in cystic fibrosis patient and carrier screening populations."

No. Sentence Comment

35 87 mutation panel The following mutations were included in the panel: ⌬F508, ⌬F311, ⌬I507, A455E, A559T, C524X, D1152H, D1270N, E60X, G178R, G330X, G480C, G542X, G551D, G85E, G91R, I148T, K710X, L206W, M1101K, N1303K, P574H, Q1238X, Q359K/T360K, Q493X, Q552X, Q890X, R1066C, R1158X, R1162X, R117C, R117H, R1283M, R334W, R347H, R347P, R352Q, R553X, R560T, S1196X, S1251N, S1255X, S364P, S549I, S549N, S549R, T338I, V520F, W1089X, W1282X, Y1092X, Y563D, 1078delT, 1161delC, 1609delCA, 1677delTA, 1717-1GϾA, 1812-1GϾA, 1898ϩ1GϾA, 1898ϩ5GϾT, 1949del84, 2043delG, 2143delT, 2183delAAϾG, 2184delA, 2307insA, 2789ϩ5GϾA, 2869insG, 3120ϩ1GϾA, 3120GϾA, 3659delC, 3662delA, 3791delC, 3821delT, 3849ϩ10kbCϾT, 3849ϩ4AϾG, 3905insT, 394delTT, 405ϩ1GϾA, 405ϩ3AϾC, 444delA, 574delA, 621ϩ1GϾT, 711ϩ1GϾT, 711ϩ5GϾA, 712-1GϾT, 3876delA CFTR mutation analysis Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes, buccal cell swabs, or bloodspots by Qiagen QIAmp 96 DNA Blood Kit. Specimens were tested for 87 mutations by a pooled allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) hybridization method as previously described.16,17 Two multiplex chain reactions (PCR) were used to amplify 19 regions of the CFTR gene. Login to comment
63 The most prevalent mutations were as follows: ⌬F508, D1152H, R117H, G542X, L206W, I148T (3199del6 status unknown), ⌬I507, R1066C, R553X, 3849ϩ10kbCϾT, and R334W representing 83.72% of the total identified. Login to comment
84 After ⌬F508, the next most-frequent mutations were 3120ϩ1GϾA (8.8%), 2307insA (4.17%), A559T (2.78%), and R553X (1.39%). Login to comment

PMID: 15371905 [PubMed] Palomaki GE et al: "Clinical sensitivity of prenatal screening for cystic fibrosis via CFTR carrier testing in a United States panethnic population."

No. Sentence Comment

32 Data from the International Cystic Fibrosis Consortium were taken from Table 1 of its publication.4 Data from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation National Patient Registry were taken from the year 1999 and stratified according to whether or not the patient was seen Table 1 CFTR mutation frequencies among Hispanic Caucasians with cystic fibrosis within the recommended minimum testing panel Ordera Mutation Mutation frequency (%) CF Consortiumb CF Foundationc Average Cumulative 1 delF508 45.51 63.25 54.38 54.38 2 G542X 5.11 5.09 5.10 59.48 8 delI507 0.59 5.02 2.81 62.29 22 R334W 2.25 1.31 1.78 64.07 6 N1303K 1.65 1.67 1.66 65.73 10 3849 ϩ 10kbC Ͼ T 1.60 1.53 1.57 67.30 7 R553X 0.63 0.73 0.68 67.98 5 W1282X 0.53 0.73 0.63 68.61 19 R1162X 0.57 0.58 0.58 69.19 3 G551D 0.31 0.80 0.56 69.75 12 1717 - 1G Ͼ T 0.10 0.44 0.27 70.02 4 621 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 0.00 0.51 0.26 70.28 14 711 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 0.10 0.36 0.23 70.51 18 G85E 0.10 0.36 0.23 70.74 11 2789 ϩ 5G Ͼ A 0.10 0.22 0.16 70.90 13 R347P 0.10 0.22 0.16 71.06 20 2184delA 0.10 0.22 0.16 71.22 24 3120 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 0.10 0.22 0.16 71.38 17 3569delC 0.10 0.15 0.13 71.51 9 R117H 0.00 0.22 0.11 71.62 23 I148T 0.10 0.07 0.09 71.71 25 1078delT 0.10 0.07 0.09 71.80 16 A455E 0.10 0.00 0.05 71.85 21 1898 ϩ 1G Ͼ A 0.10 0.00 0.05 71.90 15 R560T 0.00 0.00 0.00 71.90 All 25 59.95 83.77 71.90 a The order is based on that found for non-Hispanic Caucasians.3 b Based on between 178 and 958 chromosomes (International Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium.4 c Based on 1374 chromosomes from clinically diagnosed persons registered in the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation National Patient Registry. Login to comment
80 The larger data- Table 2 CFTR mutation frequencies among African American individuals with cystic fibrosis within the recommended minimum testing panel Ordera Mutation Mutation frequency (%) CF Consortiumb CF Foundationc Average Cumulative 1 delF508 35.50 52.63 44.07 44.07 24 3120 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 12.50 6.64 9.57 53.64 8 delI507 0.74 3.89 2.32 55.96 7 R553X 2.37 1.37 1.87 57.83 2 G542X 1.18 1.72 1.45 59.28 3 G551D 0.59 1.83 1.21 60.49 4 621 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 1.18 1.03 1.11 61.60 19 R1162X 0.74 0.57 0.66 62.26 22 R334W 0.74 0.23 0.49 62.75 12 1717 - 1G Ͼ T 0.74 0.00 0.37 63.12 6 N1303K 0.00 0.69 0.35 63.47 5 W1282X 0.00 0.47 0.24 63.71 10 3849 ϩ 10kbC Ͼ T 0.00 0.34 0.17 63.88 15 R560T 0.00 0.34 0.17 64.05 18 G85E 0.00 0.23 0.12 64.17 9 R117H 0.00 0.11 0.06 64.23 13 R347P 0.00 0.11 0.06 64.29 17 3569delC 0.00 0.11 0.06 64.35 21 1898 ϩ 1G Ͼ A 0.00 0.11 0.06 64.41 20 2184delA 0.10 0.00 0.05 64.46 23 I148T 0.10 0.00 0.05 64.51 11 2789 ϩ 5G Ͼ A 0.00 0.00 0.00 64.51 14 711 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 0.00 0.00 0.00 64.51 16 A455E 0.00 0.00 0.00 64.51 25 1078delT 0.00 0.00 0.00 64.51 All 25 56.46 72.42 64.51 a The order is based on that found for non-Hispanic Caucasians.3 b Based on between 79 and 169 chromosomes reported by the International Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium.4 c Based on 874 chromosomes from clinically diagnosed persons registered in the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation National Patient Registry. Login to comment
94 One other "African American" mutation (R553X) is also included in that panel. Login to comment
107 An earlier article10 reported that 97% of mutations were identified in 90 chromosomes from Ashkenazi Jewish individ- Table 3 CFTR mutation frequencies among Ashkenazi Jewish Caucasian individuals with cystic fibrosis within the recommended minimum testing panel Ordera Mutation Mutation frequency (%) CF Consortiumb Cumulative 5 W1282X 45.92 45.92 1 delF508 31.41 77.33 2 G542X 7.55 84.88 10 3849 ϩ 10kbC Ͼ T 4.77 89.65 6 N1303K 2.78 92.43 12 1717 - 1G Ͼ T 0.67 93.10 7 R553X 0.22 93.32 3 G551D 0.22 93.54 24 3120 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 0.10 93.64 21 1898 ϩ 1G Ͼ A 0.10 93.74 20 2184delA 0.10 93.84 23 I148T 0.10 93.94 11 2789 ϩ 5G Ͼ A 0.10 94.04 14 711 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 0.10 94.14 8 delI507 0.00 94.14 19 R1162X 0.00 94.14 22 R334W 0.00 94.14 4 621 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 0.00 94.14 15 R560T 0.00 94.14 18 G85E 0.00 94.14 9 R117H 0.00 94.14 13 R347P 0.00 94.14 17 3569delC 0.00 94.14 16 A455E 0.00 94.14 25 1078delT 0.00 94.14 Sum 94.14 a The order is based on that found for non-Hispanic Caucasians.3 b Based on between 57 and 503 chromosomes reported by the International Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium.4 uals with cystic fibrosis, using a panel of 11 mutations. Login to comment
115 In an- Table 4 CFTR mutation frequencies among Asian American individuals with cystic fibrosis within the recommended minimum testing panel Ordera Mutation Mutation frequency (%) Heim et al.1b CF Foundationc Average Cumulative 1 delF508 18.80 59.09 38.95 38.95 10 3849 ϩ 10kbC Ͼ T 0.00 10.61 5.31 44.26 3 G551D 6.30 0.00 3.15 47.41 6 N1303K 0.00 1.52 0.76 48.17 8 delI507 0.00 1.52 0.76 48.93 2 G542X 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 4 621 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 5 W1282X 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 7 R553X 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 9 R117H 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 11 2789 ϩ 5G Ͼ A 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 12 1717 - 1G Ͼ T 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 13 R347P 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 14 711 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 15 R560T 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 16 A455E 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 17 3569delC 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 18 G85E 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 19 R1162X 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 20 2184delA 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 21 1898 ϩ 1G Ͼ A 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 22 R334W 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 23 I148T 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 24 3120 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 25 1078delT 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.93 Sum 25.10 72.74 48.93 a The order is based on that found for non-Hispanic Caucasians.3 b Based on 20 chromosomes. Login to comment
173 For exam- Table 7 Estimated number of carriers of the 25 recommended CFTR mutations by racial/ethnic group and weighted average, representing the panethnic population in the United States for 2002 Order CFTR mutation Number of CFTR Mutation Carriers Panethnic frequency, % Non-Hispanic Caucasian Hispanic Caucasian African American Asian American Ashkenazi Jewish Total 1 delF508 64,779 8,207 4,272 886 796 78,940 66.31 2 G542X 2,039 770 141 0 191 3,141 2.64 5 W1282X 1,342 95 23 0 1,164 2,624 2.20 3 G551D 2,013 85 117 72 6 2,293 1.93 4 621 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 1,404 39 108 0 0 1,551 1.30 6 N1303K 1,136 251 34 17 70 1,508 1.27 7 R553X 778 424 225 17 0 1,444 1.21 8 delI507 787 103 181 0 6 1,077 0.90 10 3849 ϩ 10kbC Ͼ T 519 237 16 121 121 1,014 0.85 24 3120 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 72 24 928 0 3 1,027 0.86 9 R117H 626 17 6 0 0 649 0.55 12 1717 - 1G Ͼ T 429 41 36 0 17 523 0.44 11 2789 ϩ 5G Ͼ A 429 24 0 0 3 456 0.38 13 R347P 403 24 6 0 0 433 0.36 14 711 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 385 35 0 0 3 423 0.36 22 R334W 125 269 47 0 0 441 0.37 15 R560T 340 0 16 0 0 356 0.30 19 R1162X 206 88 64 0 0 358 0.30 17 3569delC 304 20 6 0 0 330 0.28 16 A455E 304 8 0 0 0 312 0.26 18 G85E 259 35 12 0 0 306 0.26 20 2184delA 152 24 5 0 3 184 0.15 21 1898 ϩ 1G Ͼ A 143 8 6 0 3 160 0.13 23 I148T 80 14 5 0 3 102 0.09 25 1078delT 18 14 0 0 0 32 0.03 All 79,072 10,856 6,193 1,113 2,389 99,684 84.00 Bolded numbers indicate mutations that are more likely to be found in a racial/ethnic group other than non-Hispanic Caucasians. Login to comment

PMID: 15371906 [PubMed] Kornreich R et al: "Premarital and prenatal screening for cystic fibrosis: experience in the Ashkenazi Jewish population."

No. Sentence Comment

62 The additional mutations that were detected were R117H (n ϭ 7), I148T (6), A455E (2), R334W (2), G551D (1), and R553X (1). Login to comment
86 For example, W1282X was the most prevalent mutation among Ashkenazi Jews, present in 46.4% of AJ carriers, whereas it was present in only 1.5% of non-Hispanic Caucasian CF patients.8 ⌬F508, the most common mutation in non-Hispanic Caucasian CF pa- Table 3 Frequency of CFTR mutations among screenees reporting 100% AJ or Ͻ 100% AJ descent who requested carrier testing for CF and at least one other AJ recessive disease CF mutation % of mutations in carriers reporting 100% AJ descent (n ϭ 45,530-117,145) % of mutations among carriers reporting Ͻ100% AJ descent (n ϭ 7,393) % of Non-Hispanic Caucasian CF patient chromosomes8 (n ϭ 37,263) W1282X 46.4 (n ϭ 117,136) 32.3 1.5 ⌬F508 27.1 (n ϭ 117,145) 35.7 71.5 D1152H 12.0 (n ϭ 44,530) 8.7 0.03 G542X 5.3 (n ϭ 117,140) 6.1 2.3 3849ϩ10kb CϾT 4.8 (n ϭ 117,135) 4.9 0.7 N1303K 3.8 (n ϭ 117,141) 3.0 1.3 1717-1GϾA 0.6 (n ϭ 60,191) 1.9 0.7 R117H a 2.7 0.8 I148T a 2.3 0.05 R334W - 0.76 0.16 A455E - 0.76 0.19 G551D a 0.38 2.5 R553X - 0.38 1.0 a These mutations were detected when screening Ϸ2,300 100% AJ individuals with the ACMG recommended panel. Login to comment

PMID: 15371908 [PubMed] Buyse IM et al: "Use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in a 51-mutation test for cystic fibrosis: evidence that 3199del6 is a disease-causing mutation."

No. Sentence Comment

77 This assay also demonstrated heterozygosity for the G542X mutation, and reflex testing for the 5T variant at CFTR intron 8 showed a genotype of 7T/9T in this patient (data not Table 3 Description of the 16 multiplex assays designed to analyze 51 CFTR mutations Multiplex Mutations Exon 1 1078delT, G314E, R352Q, G330X 7 2 R347H, R347P, R334W, 1717-1A 7, 11 3 R553X, S549N, R1162X 11, 19 4 A559T, R560T, G551D 11 5 G542X, S549R, 621ϩ1T, Y122X 4, 11 6 W1282X, 3876delA, 3905insT, D1152H 18, 20 7 3849ϩ4G, 3659delC, 1898ϩ1A 12, 19 8 405ϩ1A, 405ϩ3C, 3120A, 3120ϩ1A 3, 16 9 394delTT, E60X, G85E 3 10 A455E, ⌬F508a 9, 10 11 G480C, Q493X, V520F 10 12 711ϩ1T, G178R, 3199del6 5, 17a 13 2143delT, 2184delA, K710X, F316L 7, 13 14 I148T, R117H, R117C 4 15 N1303K, 2789ϩ5A, 3849ϩ10kbT 14b, intron19, 21 16 ⌬I507a 10 17 5Tb intron 8 a F508C and I507V, I506V, I506M variants are tested for concurrently with the ⌬F508 and ⌬I507 assays respectively. Login to comment
94 In addition, the R553G mutation which is allelic to the R553X, was identified in one patient (data not shown). Login to comment

PMID: 15371909 [PubMed] Edelmann L et al: "Cystic fibrosis carrier screening: validation of a novel method using BeadChip technology."

No. Sentence Comment

35 Mutation controls included DNA from previously identified positive patient samples (I148T, D1152H, W1282X, R117H, G85E, A455E, delF508, N1303K) and DNA from NIGMS Human Genetic Cell Repositories (Coriell Cell Repositories) (delF508, delI507, G542X, R560T, 3849ϩ10kbCϾT, N1303K, G85E; G551D, R553X, 621ϩ1GϾT, 1717-1GϾA, A455E, R334W, R347P, R1162X, 3659delC; 711ϩ1GϾT, 2789ϩ5GϾA, 3120ϩ1GϾA). Login to comment
46 Mutant ASOs were end-labeled with ␥-32 P-ATP and pooled into three subgroups (IA-IC) for Group I and four subgroups (IIA-IID) for Group II mutations with the following breakdown of mutations: IA: delF508, delI507, W1282X, R117H; IB: G542X, R560T, 3849ϩ10kbCϾT, N1303K, G85E; IC: G551D, R553X, 621ϩ1GϾT, 1717-1GϾA, I148T; IIA: A455E, R334W, D1152H; IIB: R347P, 1078delT, R1162X, 3659delC; IIC: 711ϩ1GϾT, 1898ϩ1GϾA, 2789ϩ5GϾA, 3120ϩ1GϾA; IID: 2184delA. Login to comment
175 The problem encountered with the G551D/R553X control sample was the result of the R553X mutant strand failing to elongate from the G551 normal probe due to reduced annealing efficiency. Login to comment

PMID: 15379964 [PubMed] Cuppens H et al: "CFTR mutations and polymorphisms in male infertility."

No. Sentence Comment

34 Examples include the G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X and N1303K mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 15507145 [PubMed] Blaisdell CJ et al: "CLC-2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as potential modifiers of cystic fibrosis disease severity."

No. Sentence Comment

57 We examined human CLC-2 protein expression using lysates from primary nasal cells obtained from elective Table 1: Primers used to amplify CLC-2 polymorphisms Primer oligomer expected size (bp) rat hpolE1 dTCC GGG TCA ATA TCC TTC ACA TCG 2128 hClC-2 promoter dCGC CCG TGG CTC CAT CCC TTC 15F dGTC CCA GGA GTA GAC TTC C 760 bp 16R dCAC TGC CCT CTG GCC TC 17F dTCC CCT CCG GCC TAC CCC TTC CGG T 147 + 300 bp 18R dGGA AGG ATT CGG AGA GGG TTG GGG C Intron 1F dCGC TGC AGC ACG AGC AGA C 2273 Intron 1R dCCC AAG GTC CTG AGT GTA CC Exon 20F dGCC TCT TCT GTG GCA GTC C 481 Exon 20R dCTT CAG GGC TCA TCT CGC C ClC-2 expression by Western blot of nasal polyp lysatesfrom CF adults with the following genotypesFigure 1 ClC-2 expression by Western blot of nasal polyp lysates from CF adults with the following genotypes: Lanes 1,3,6 dF508/dF508; Lane 2: dF508/d559T; Lane 4: unknown; Lane 5: S549N/R553X; Lane 7,9: dF508/unknown; Lane 8: F508/ W1282X.; Lane 10, IB3-1 cell line, genotype F508/W1282X. Login to comment

PMID: 15509635 [PubMed] Foresta C et al: "Genetic abnormalities among severely oligospermic men who are candidates for intracytoplasmic sperm injection."

No. Sentence Comment

69 Three of them had the classical ⌬F508 mutation, four cases had other less frequent mutations (R553X, D579G, and R1158X), and two subjects had the 5T allele. Login to comment

PMID: 15510065 [PubMed] Kerem E et al: "Pharmacologic therapy for stop mutations: how much CFTR activity is enough?"

No. Sentence Comment

82 Howard et al. [21] demonstrated in Hela cells transfected with plasmid vector carrying the CFTR nonsense mutations G542X and R553X that aminoglycosides caused a dose-dependent increase in CFTR expression. Login to comment
133 Quantification studies have shown that after aminoglycoside incubation, the amount of full-length CFTR produced is as much as 25% (in the R553X mutation) to 35% (in the G542X mutation) of that observed in cells transfected with a wild-type CFTR complementary DNA [18,22]. Login to comment

PMID: 15520400 [PubMed] Niel F et al: "Rapid detection of CFTR gene rearrangements impacts on genetic counselling in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

207 Gender Current age Phenotype Genotype Origin Age at diagnosis Pancr. status Lung disease Other Sweat test Allele 1 Allele 2 rearrangement involving exon(s) Parental Geographic 1 M 10 years 1 month PI Severe 114 F508del 1 Father North eastern Italy 2 M 16 years Birth PI Severe 130 A561E 2 Father Southern Italy 3 M 10 years 1 year PI Severe + R553X 17b Mother France 4 F 13 years 4 years PI Severe NP + F508del 14b-17b Father Eastern France 5 F 24 years 1 month PI Severe 100 F508del 17a-17b Mother ND 6 F 21 years Childhood PI Moderate + F508del 17a-17b Father Eastern France 7 M 35 years 1 year PI Severe CBAVD, NP 103 F508del 17a-17b Father Eastern France 8* 2 F Deceased at 2 and 6 months Birth PI Severe ND F508del 17a-17b Father Eastern France 9 F Deceased at 15 years 5 years PI Severe 300 1812- 1GRA 3-10,14b-16À Mother Kabylie (Algeria)/ Brittany (France) 10 M 37 years 37 years PS None CBAVD ND R117H(-7T) 1-24 Mother France 11 M Deceased at 31 years 3 months PI Severe DB 90 G542X 4-8 Mother Eastern France CBAVD, congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens; DB, disseminated bronchiectasis; del, deletion; dup, duplication; F, female; M, male; NP, nasal polyposis; Pancr., pancreatic; PI, pancreatic insufficiency; PS, pancreatic sufficiency. Login to comment

PMID: 15531750 [PubMed] Kraemer R et al: "Ventilation inhomogeneities in relation to standard lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

46 From the 142 patients with CF, 68 males (47.8%) and 74 females (52.2%), 83 patients (58.3%) were homozygous for the ⌬F508(2) mutation, 13 patients (9.2%) were compound heterozygous for the ⌬F508 and 3905ins frameshift mutation (second most frequent in Switzerland), 12 patients (8.5%) presented as compound heterozygous for the ⌬F508 and R553X nonsense mutation, and 34 patients (23.9%) had other miscellaneous genotypes. Login to comment
49 DETAILS OF STUDY POPULATION n % Patient collective 142 Males 68 47.8 Females 74 52.2 CFTR grouped by specific genotypes ⌬F508(2) 83 58.5 3905insT/⌬F 13 9.2 R553X/⌬F 12 8.5 Miscellaneous 34 23.9 Onset of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection grouped by age of onset Until age 3 yr 42 29.6 After age 3 yr 69 48.6 Infection free 31 21.8 (48.6%) late onset of chronic P. aeruginosa infection (age Ͼ 3 years). Login to comment

PMID: 15638824 [PubMed] Castaldo G et al: "Comprehensive cystic fibrosis mutation epidemiology and haplotype characterization in a southern Italian population."

No. Sentence Comment

33 The 13 mutations in this panel are: F508del, N1303K, G542X, W1282X, 2183AA>G, 1717-1G>A, R553X, I148T, R1158X, 711+1G>T, 4016insT, L1065P and G1244E. Login to comment
52 We also identified three homozygotes for G542X, three for 852del22, two for 2183AA>G, and one each for N1303K, 1717-1G>A, 4016insT, R553X, R1158X and L1065P. Login to comment
62 A procedure for the large-scale analysis of several mutations peculiar to southern Italy is also indicated Mutation Analytical CF alleles Campania Basilicata Puglia Total procedure n = 340 n = 52 n = 350 n = 742 DF508 55.6 55.8 46.8 51.5 N1303K 7.3 3.8 7.7 7.3 G542X 5.0 3.8 7.1 5.9 W1282X 3.5 3.8 0.6 2.2 2183 AA>G 2.3 5.8 0.8 1.9 852del22 0 5.8 3.2 1.9 3% agarose 1717-1G>A 2.3 1.9 1.1 1.8 4382delA 0 0 3.7 1.8 RE (Ear I -) 1259insA 0 0 3.1 1.5 4016insT 2.1 0 1.1 1.5 ASO R553X 1.5 0 1.7 1.5 R1158X 1.5 0 1.3 1.2 ASO or RE (Sfa N 1 -) L1077P 0.6 0 1.9 1.2 I502T 0.3 0 2.0 1.1 RE (Mse I -) 3849+10kbC>T 0 1.9 1.6 0.9 D579G 0 0 1.6 0.8 RE (Avr II +) G1244E 0.9 3.8 0.3 0.8 ASO or RE (Mbo II +) G1349D 0 0 1.7 0.8 RE (Sty I -) 2789+5 G>A 0.6 0 0.8 0.7 711+1 G>T 1.5 0 0 0.7 ASO L1065P 1.2 0 0 0.5 ASO or RE (Mnl I +) R347P 0.3 0 0.9 0.5 2522insC 0.9 0 0 0.4 E585X 0.6 0 0 0.3 G85E 0.6 0 0 0.3 G178R 0.6 0 0 0.3 D1152H 0.3 0 0.3 0.3 I148T-3195del6 0.6 0 0 0.3 I148T (alone) 0 0 0.3 0.1 R334W 0 0 0.3 0.1 DI507 0 0 0.3 0.1 I1005R 0 0 0.3 0.1 3272-26A>G 0.3 0 0 0.1 2711delT 0.3 0 0 0.1 L558S 0 1.9 0 0.1 W1063X 0 0 0.3 0.1 D110H 0.3 0 0 0.1 S549R (A>C) 0 1.9 0 0.1 2184insA 0.3 0 0 0.1 3131del22 0.3 0 0 0.1 R709N 0 0 0.3 0.1 A349V 0 0 0.3 0.1 4015insA 0 0 0.3 0.1 Y849X 0 1.9 0 0.1 Cumulative 91.6 92.1 91.7 91.5 Unknown 8.4 7.9 8.3 8.5 Total 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 RE: restriction enzyme (-/+: abolition or introduction of a RE site); ASO: allele specific oligonucleotide Figure 2 Multiplex denaturing gradient gel electrophoretic analysis of exons 8, 5 and 18 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene in a cystic fibrosis patient (case n. Login to comment
97 Due to the presence of 'local` mutations, the detection rate with commercial kits for CF chromosomes in Table 3 Mutations linked to different haplotypes possibly due to slippage events, characteryzed at the level of three CFTR intragenic loci (IVS8CA, IVS17bTA, IVS17bCA) by the indication of the repeats number Present study Other studies Cases Haplotype cases (n) (n. of repeats) (n) Haplotype references* (n. of repeats) R347P 4/4 16-32-13 3 16-32-13 1,2,3 1 16-31-13 3 2 17-28-13 1 1 16-45-13 1 L1077P 3/3 17-7-17 1 17-7-17 1 1 17-7-16 1 G85E 2/2 16-24-13 9 16-24-13 2,3 1 16-25-13 2 2183AA>G 14/14 16-31-13 1 16-31-13 3 4 16-30-13 1 R553X 6/11 17-55-13 3 17-58-13 3 3/11 18-55-13 1 17-57-11 1 1/11 16-55-13 2 17-55-13 1,3 1/11 16-55-11 6 17-55-11 1 1 17-52-11 1 1 17-54-11 1 1 17-56-13 3 G1244E 5/6 16-32-13 1 17-34-13 1 1/6 16-34-13 711 +1 G>T 5/5 16-25-13 7 16-25-13 1,2,3 1 16-26-13 1 G1349D 5/6 16-30-13 1/6 16-32-13 G178R 1/2 16-32-13 1 16-30-13 3 1/2 16-32-13 2 16-32-13 1 * References 1: Morral et al. 1996. Login to comment
116 In particular, the R553X mutation is associated with a myriad of sequential alleles which are frequently observed on less stable alleles that have more than 50 IVS17b(TA) repeats (Claustres et al. 1996); these could derive from a common ancestor via the slippage phenomena, rather than from recurrent phenomena as suggested by others (Dork et al. 1994). Login to comment

PMID: 15644056 [PubMed] Mennicke K et al: "Rational approach to genetic testing of cystic fibrosis (CF) in infertile men."

No. Sentence Comment

49 In the presence of CFTR mutations, further genetic screening for the seven most frequently identified CF mutations [G542X, N1303K, 1717-1(GoA), W1282X, G551D, R553X, DI507; The Cystic Fibrosis Analysis Consortium, 1990] was performed. Login to comment

PMID: 15704202 [PubMed] Massie J et al: "Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis after newborn screening: the Australasian experience--twenty years and five million babies later: a consensus statement from the Australasian Paediatric Respiratory Group."

No. Sentence Comment

47 Management of infants with a borderline sweat test after NBS ABBREVIATIONS CF Cystic fibrosis CFTR Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Cl Chloride DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid IRT Immunoreactive trypsinogen MI Meconium ileus Na Sodium NBS Newborn screening NPD Nasal potential difference TABLE 1- Newborn Screening for CF in Australia and New Zealand1 State/country Year screening started Babies screened (to end of 2003) New South Wales 1981 1,940,000 Victoria 1989 913,181 Queensland 1983 878,905 South Australia (including Tasmania and Northern Territory) 1990 407,625 Western Australia 2001 63,000 New Zealand 1981 1,098,329 Total 5,301,040 1 Mutations screened: New South Wales, DF508; Victoria DF508; South Australia (including Tasmania and Northern Territory), DF508, DI507, G551D, G542X, and R553X; Western Australia, DF508, G551D, G542X, and 621 þ 1G ! Login to comment
49 T, R553X, N1303K, and R117H; New Zealand, DF508, G551D, and G542X. Login to comment

PMID: 15709055 [PubMed] Sermet-Gaudelus I et al: "Chloride transport in nasal ciliated cells of cystic fibrosis heterozygotes."

No. Sentence Comment

57 Ten had class I mutations: 3659delC, 1078delT, 3791delC, 1717-1GϾA, 2183AAϾG, S466X, W1282X, R553X, or G542X (n ϭ 2). Login to comment

PMID: 15738290 [PubMed] Dugueperoux I et al: "The CFTR 3849+10kbC->T and 2789+5G->A alleles are associated with a mild CF phenotype."

No. Sentence Comment

63 Although only borderline significant, lung function was definitely better in the 3849+10kbC-.T/DF508 group (FEV1 83.0% and FVC 91.6% pred) than in the DF508 homozygote group (FEV1 59.9% TABLE 1 Genotypes identified among cystic fibrosis patients sharing the 3849+10kbC-.T or the 2789+5G-.A mutation Genotypes 3849+10kbC-.T 2789+5G-.A DI507 2 DF508 27 61 1525-1G-.A 1 1717-1G.A 1 2183AA.G 3 3129del4 1 3659delC 1 G542X 4 6 G551D 1 G970R 2 G1244E 2 L558S 1 M1V 1 N1303K 1 R347P 1 R553X 1 1 R1066C 1 S1251N 1 Unknown 1 6 Total 39 88 I. DUGUE´PE´ROUX AND M. DE BRAEKELEER MILD PHENOTYPE ASSOCIATED WITH TWO CFTR MUTATIONS c and FVC 76.9% pred). Login to comment

PMID: 15784035 [PubMed] Gallegos-Orozco JF et al: "Lack of association of common cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations with primary sclerosing cholangitis."

No. Sentence Comment

55 CFTR Mutations and Associated Phenotype Classic Nonclassic Cystic Fibrosis Cystic Fibrosis Variant Normal 621 + 1G→T R117H G85E* 7T 711 + 1G→T R334W 5T† 9T 1078delT R347P M470V‡ F508C I507 A455E I507V F508 2789 + 5G → A I506V 1717 - 1G→A 3849 + 10kbC→T G542X G551D R553X R560T R1162X 3659delC W1282X N1303K * Classic cystic fibrosis and nonclassic cystic fibrosis. Login to comment

PMID: 15789152 [PubMed] Langfelder-Schwind E et al: "Cystic fibrosis prenatal screening in genetic counseling practice: recommendations of the National Society of Genetic Counselors."

No. Sentence Comment

155 Mutations described as "severe,"forexample, F508, I507,G542X,G551D, W1282X, N1303K, R553X, 621 + 1G>T, and 1717-1G>A, are usually categorized as Class I, II, or III, and the expected pancreatic insufficient phenotype occurs when one of these mutations is inherited in trans with a second mutation, of Class I, II, or III. Login to comment

PMID: 15800694 [PubMed] Grigorescu M et al: "Genetic factors in pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

98 More than 1200 CFTR gene polymorphism have been reported which can be divided into six classes, based on the functional consequences of the polymorphisms on channel function: - class I-III mutations are severe (CFTRsev ), comprising: class I: defective protein synthesis (R553X, W1282X, 3950 del T); class II: abnormal processing trafficking (del 508, N1303K); class III: defective activation (G551D) and all result in functional loss of CFTR from the epithelial cell surface; - class IV mutations (R117H, R347P, D1152H) are mild-variable mutations (CFTRm-v ) and result in reduction but not absence of channel ion conductance; - class V mutations (3849+10KbC >T) diminish protein synthesis or stability and - class VI mutations may affect the regulatory function of CFTR on other ion channels (71-73). Login to comment

PMID: 15832355 [PubMed] Castellani C et al: "Cystic fibrosis carriers have higher neonatal immunoreactive trypsinogen values than non-carriers."

No. Sentence Comment

40 Distribution and Classification of the Tested Mutations in the Normal IRT Heterozygote Population Under Study Mutations Type of mutation Class of mutation Number of cases F508del Severe II 161 N1303K Severe II 19 G542X Severe I 19 711 þ 5G > A - V 15 R117H Mild IV 13 R1162X Severe I 13 R553X Severe I 11 G85E - IV 8 2183AA > G Severe I 8 1717-1G > A Severe I 8 R334Q Mild - 4 Q552X Severe I 4 W1282X Severe I 3 2789 þ 5G > A Mild V 2 1898 þ 3A > G Mild V 2 T338I Mild IV 1 R709X Severe I 1 R347H Mild IV 1 3849 þ 10KbC > T Mild V 1 Total 294 Other tested mutations: 1078delTn1609delCAn1717-8g/an394delTTn457TAT> Gn541delCn621 þ 1g/tn711 þ 1g/tnA559TnDI507nG551DnR1158XnR334Wn R347PnR352QnS549InS549NnS549Ra/cn2790-2G > An1811 þ 1.2KbA > G; 711þ5G > A and G85E not categorized in type of mutation; R334Q not categorized in class of mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 15860566 [PubMed] Krafft AE et al: "Time-motion analysis of 6 cystic fibrosis mutation detection systems."

No. Sentence Comment

43 These included 58 patient DNA samples initially characterized by CF Gold 1.0, of which 28 were wild type and 30 contained 1 of the following 16 mutant alleles: F508del, R553X, 2184delA, 3120 ϩ 1GϾA, I507del, G542X, G551D, W1282X, N1303K, 621 ϩ 1GϾT, R117H, 1717-1GϾA, R560T, R334W, R347P, and I148T. Login to comment

PMID: 15870824 [PubMed] Stuppia L et al: "Screening of mutations in the CFTR gene in 1195 couples entering assisted reproduction technique programs."

No. Sentence Comment

64 of detected carriers Prevalence among detected CFTR mutations DF508 40 (3.34%) 65.58% DI507 0 0 G542X 6 (0.50%) 9.84% 1717-1G-A 1 (0.08%) 1.64% G551D 0 0 R553X 0 0 R560T 0 0 Q552X 0 0 W1282X 7 (0.58 %) 11.48% S1251N 0 0 N1303K 3 (0.20%) 4.91% 394delTT 0 0 G85E 3 (0.25%) 4.91% E60X 0 0 621+1G-T 0 0 R117H 0 0 1078delT 0 0 R347P 0 0 R334W 0 0 2143delT 0 0 2183AA-G 0 0 2184delA 0 0 711+5G-A 0 0 2789+5G-A 1 (0.08%) 1.64% R1162X 0 0 3659del5 0 0 3849+10kbC-T 0 0 A455E 0 0 5T 78 (6.52%) Table 2 Distribution of CFTR mutations and 5T allele according to phenotype for the 1195 individuals Phenotype CF/WT 5T/WT CF/5T WT/WT Infertile males (non-CBAVD), N ¼ 304 20 (6.58%) 30 (9.87%) 0 254 (83.55%) Infertile males (CBAVD), N ¼ 16 0 10 (62.50%) 6 (37.50 %) 0 Infertile females, N ¼ 93 5 (5.37%) 7 (7.53%) 0 81 (87.10%) Unexplained infertility, N ¼ 782 30 (3.84%) 31 (3.96%) 0 721 (92.20%) Total ¼ 1195 55 (4.60%) 78 (5.50%) 6 (0.50%) 1056 (88.40%) CFTR alteration was detected, including a mutation in three cases and the 5T polymorphism in the remaining six. Login to comment

PMID: 15880796 [PubMed] Kerem E et al: "Pharmacological induction of CFTR function in patients with cystic fibrosis: mutation-specific therapy."

No. Sentence Comment

53 This class may include promoter mutations that reduce transcription TABLE 1- Classes of CFTR Mutations1 Class Mutations I Stop codons: W1282X, G542X, R1162X, R553X, E822X Splicing mutations that completely abolish protein synthesis: 1717 À 1G ! Login to comment
74 Howard et al. demonstrated in HeLa cells transfected with plasmid vector carrying the CFTR nonsense mutations G542X and R553X that aminoglycosides caused a dose-dependent increase in CFTR expression.14 Subsequently, the same group showed that functional CFTR was restored to the apical membrane, and the relative level of mRNA transcript increased in bronchial cell line IB3-1 expressing the W1282X mutation. Login to comment
243 Quantification studies showed that after aminoglycoside incubation, the amount of full-length CFTR produced is as much as 25% (in the R553X mutation) to 35% (in the G542X mutation) of that observed in cells transfected with a wild-type CFTR complementary DNA (cDNA).14,15 This increase in functional CFTR might be above the threshold required for normal respiratory epithelial cell function. Login to comment

PMID: 15891431 [PubMed] Rubenstein RC et al: "Novel, mechanism-based therapies for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

23 Such mutations are relatively infrequent in the general CF population (G542X, 2.4%; R553X, 0.9%; W1282X, 1.4% of mutant alleles in the 2003 Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry). Login to comment
25 Treatment of cells expressing these 'X` mutations with aminoglycoside antibiotics such as gentamicin or G418 (Geneticin, Life Technologies, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA) causes expression of a full-length, functional CFTR protein from G542X [8], R553X [8], R1162X [9], and W1282X [9] alleles. Login to comment

PMID: 15908456 [PubMed] Sanchez-Garcia JF et al: "Multiple mutation analysis of the cystic fibrosis gene in single cells."

No. Sentence Comment

61 The mutations assayed are: DF508, DI507, Q493X, V520F, 1717-1G.A, G542X, G551D, R560T, S459R, S459N and R553X labelled with FAM (blue), 3849þ10kbC.T, 3849 þ 4A . Login to comment

PMID: 15915083 [PubMed] Ogino S et al: "Risk calculations for cystic fibrosis in neonatal screening by immunoreactive trypsinogen and CFTR mutation tests."

No. Sentence Comment

32 Table 1 Summary of CF carrier frequencies, overall mutation detection rates by the ACMG panel, and frequencies of major mutations for each major ethnic group (adapted from Watson et al.10 and Richards et al.1) Ethnic group CF carrier frequency Overall mutation detection rate by the ACMG CFTR 23-mutation panel10 Fraction of F508del among all disease alleles Other major mutations (fraction)a Non-Hispanic Caucasian 1/25 88.29% 72.42% G542X (2.28%) G551D (2.25%) 621ϩ1GϾT (1.57%) W1282X (1.50%) N1303K (1.27%) Ashkenazi Jewish 1/25 94.04% 31.41% W1282X (45.92%) G542X (7.55%) 3849ϩ10kbCϾT (4.77%) N1303K (2.78%) African American 1/65 64.46% 44.07% 3120ϩ1GϾA (9.57%) R553X (2.32%) I507del (1.87%) G542X (1.45%) G551D (1.21%) 621ϩ1GϾT (1.11%) Hispanic Caucasian 1/46 71.72% 54.38% G542X (5.10%) R553X (2.81%) R334W (1.78%) N1303K (1.66%) 3849ϩ10kbCϾT (1.57%) Asian American 1/90 48.93% 38.95% 3849ϩ10kbCϾT (5.31%) G551D (3.15%) Bayesian analysis to calculate CF risks for neonates with a positive IRT test A fraction of each major CFTR disease allele among all CFTR disease alleles and a mutation detection rate are summarized for each of five major ethnic groups (Table 1). Login to comment

PMID: 15970608 [PubMed] Mei-Zahav M et al: "The prevalence and clinical characteristics of cystic fibrosis in South Asian Canadian immigrants."

No. Sentence Comment

272 DF508 mutation was not detected in DNA from 400 individuals, while none of the exon 11 mutations G551D, R553X, or S549 were identified in DNA from 200 of these patients. Login to comment

PMID: 16075239 [PubMed] Kostuch M et al: "Analysis of most common CFTR mutations in patients affected by nasal polyps."

No. Sentence Comment

1 Forty-four patients affected by nasal polyps were admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology, Lublin University School of Medicine, Lublin, Poland, and screened for the most-commonly identified CFTR mutations [DF508, G542X, N1303 K, 1717-1 (G to A), W1282X, G551D, R553X and DI507] by applying the INNO-LIPA CF2 test strips. Login to comment
48 Using the INNO-LIPA CF2 test strips, it is possible to detect eight mutations simultaneously within the CFTR gene: DF508, G542X, N1303 K, 1717-1 (G to A), W1282X, G551D, R553X and DI507 [14]. Login to comment
83 Positive bands are seen for wild-types [DF508, G542X, N1303 K, 1717-1 (G to A), W1282X, G551D and R553X], but the only positive band for mutant types is DF508 this mutation reported in the control subjects (see Results). Login to comment

PMID: 16088579 [PubMed] Gallati S et al: "Genetics of cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

43 Mutations (missense, nonsense, frameshift, splice, small and large in-frame deletions or insertions) con- Table 1 Distribution of theWorldwide 24 Most Common Cystic Fibrosis Mutationsa Exon/ Northern Southern North South Austral- Relative Mutation Intron Europe Europe America America asia Africa Asia Frequency G85E E 03 30 14 16 n.a. n.a. 0 7 0.15 R117H E 04 62 3 61 n.a. 7 0 0 0.30 621+1G→T I 04 97 37 154 n.a. 27 0 0 0.72 711+1G→T I 05 15 13 21 n.a. n.a. n.a. 0 0.11 1078delT E 07 53 2 1 n.a. 1 n.a. 0 0.13 R334W E 07 18 21 12 n.a. 2 0 0 0.12 R347P E 07 55 24 26 n.a. 1 0 0 0.24 A455E E 09 35 0 27 n.a. n.a. n.a. 0 0.14 ⌬I507 E 10 57 5 20 2 9 0 0 0.21 ⌬F508 E 10 14,866 4007 6901 342 2309 351 173 66.02 1717-1G→A I 10 160 65 44 n.a. 12 0 3 0.65 G542X E 11 439 259 234 38 56 9 27 2.42 S549N E 11 18 2 5 1 3 1 0 0.07 G551D E 11 356 37 206 1 117 0 0 1.64 R553X E 11 165 44 96 5 11 1 0 0.73 R560T E 11 40 0 24 0 3 0 0 0.15 1898+1G→A I 12 41 10 2 n.a. n.a. n.a. 0 0.12 2184delA E 13 14 7 8 n.a. n.a. n.a. 0 0.07 2789+5G→A I 14b 27 10 17 n.a. n.a. n.a. 0 0.12 R1162X E 19 36 68 19 0 2 0 0 0.28 3659delC E 19 39 1 14 n.a. n.a. n.a. 0 0.12 3849+10kbC→T I 19 23 8 57 n.a. n.a. n.a. 16 0.24 W1282X E 20 120 43 245 n.a. 6 2 120 1.22 N1303K E 21 209 179 130 11 23 8 29 1.34 Chromosomes 21,154 7281 10438 758 3095 515 608 screened Detection rate 80.2 66.7 79.9 52.8 83.7 72.2 61.7 aAccording to the Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium, http://www.genet.sickkids.on.ca/cftr/. Login to comment
67 SSCP analysis is one of the most popular methods for the detection of sequence variants in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified DNA fragments.29 The princi- Table 3 Cystic Fibrosis Mutations Detected by Commercial Kits INNO-LiPA Mutations CF2 ⌬F508, ⌬I507, G542X, 1717-1G→A, G551D, R553X, W1282X, N1303K CFTR12 ⌬F508, ⌬I507, G542X, 1717-1G→A, G551D, R553X, W1282X, N1303K, S1251N, R560T, 3905insT, Q552X CFTR17+Tn 394delTT, G85E, 621+1G→T, R117H, 1078delT, R347P, R334W, E60X, 2183AA→G, 2184delA, 711+5G→A, 2789+5G→A, R1162X, 3659delC, 3849+10kbC→T, 2143delT, A455E, (5T/7T/9T) Elucigene CF4 ⌬F508, G542X, G551D, 621+1G→T CF12 ⌬F508, G542X, G551D, N1303K, W1282X, 1717-1G→A, R553X, 621+1G→T, R117H, R1162X, 3849+10kbC→T, R334W CF20 1717-1G→A, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, ⌬F508, 3849+10kbC→T, 621+1G→T, R553X, G551D, R117H, R1162X, R334W, A455E, 2183AA→G, 3659delC, 1078delT, ⌬I507, R345P, S1251N, E60X CF Poly-T 5T/7T/9T OLA CF OLA assay ⌬F508, F508C, ⌬I507, Q493X, V520F, 1717-1G→A, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, S549R, S549N, 3849+10kbC→T, 3849+4A→G, R1162X, 3659delC, W1282X, 3905insT, N1303K, G85E, 621+1G→T, R117H, Y122X, 711+1G→T, 1078delT, R347P, R347H, R334W, A455E, 1898+1G→A, 2183AA→G, 2789+5G→A b Figure 2 Mutation screening of exon 19 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by single-strand conformation polymorphism/heteroduplex (SSCP/HD) analysis on a silver-stained polyacrylamide gel. Login to comment
84 Studies focusing on the pulmonary status as a function of the ⌬F508 allele reported a wide range of effects from detectable impact of CFTR genotype43,48 to none or statistically insignificant.49-51 Other studies using more refined assessment of CFTR mutations have shown statistically significant correlations between CFTR genotypes and pulmonary status,52,53 whereas still others have failed to detect significant association.54-56 From our own studies we can conclude that the frameshift 3905insT is associated with a severe pulmonary disease, whereas patients carrying the nonsense mutation R553X present with milder symptoms. Login to comment

PMID: 16124861 [PubMed] Cutting GR et al: "Modifier genetics: cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

345 Genotype analysis for delta F508, G551D and R553X mutations in children and young adults with cystic fibrosis with and without chronic liver disease. Login to comment

PMID: 16126774 [PubMed] Morea A et al: "Gender-sensitive association of CFTR gene mutations and 5T allele emerging from a large survey on infertility."

No. Sentence Comment

47 CFTR gene alterations were first scored by PCR and reverse dot blot (Chehab and Wall, 1992), targeted to the detection of the following mutations: ∆F508, G85E, 541∆C, D110H, R117H, 621+1G→T, 711+5G→A, R334W, R334Q, T338I, 1078∆T, R347H, R352Q, ∆I507, 1609∆CA, E527G, 1717-1G→A, 1717-8G→A, G542X, R347P, S549N, S549R A→C, Q552X, R553X, A559T, D579G, Y577F, E585X, 1898+3A→G, 2183AA→G, R709X, 2789+5G→A, 3132∆TG, 3272-26A→G, L1077P, L1065P, R1070Q, R1066H, M1101K, D1152H, R1158X, R1162X, 3849+10KbC→T, G1244E, W1282R, W1282X, N1303K and 4016∇T. Login to comment
79 Concerning instead the mutations found in the male group, besides ∆F508 the following have been found: 2789+5 g/a, 711+5 g/a, D1152H, G85E, N1303K, Q552X, R1158X, R117H, R334Q, R334W and R553X. Login to comment
101 Mutations Women (987) Men (867) N IVS8-T genotype N IVS8-T genotype ∆F508 16 15(7/9); 1(9/9) 26 15(7/9)*; 11(5/9) N1303K 4 4(7/9) 1 7/7 3849+10KbC→T 1 5/7 1 5/7 G542X 2 7/9 1 7/9† 2183AA→G 2 7/7 4 7/7 R553X 2 7/7 0 - R1162X 2 7/7 6 5(7/7)‡; 1(7/9) D1152H 0 - 3 2(7/7); 7/9† 711+5G→A 0 - 3 7/7 1717-8G→A 0 - 1 5/7 1717-1G→A 1 7/7 0 - Y577F 0 - 1 7/7 R117H 1 7/7 1 7/9* 621+3A→G 1 7/9 0 - W1282X 1 7/7 0 - deltaI1507 1 7/7 0 - T3381 1 7/7 1 7/9 R1066H 0 - 1 7/7§ R334Q 0 - 1 7/9 2789+5G→A 1 7/7 2 7/7‡§ Total 36¶ 53¶ records, all these mutations are normally found in trans with respect of 5T. Login to comment

PMID: 16191501 [PubMed] Chou LS et al: "A comparison of high-resolution melting analysis with denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography for mutation scanning: cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene as a model."

No. Sentence Comment

18 Materials and Methods Sample Source and Study Design Eleven commercially genotyped samples were obtained from Coriell Cell Repositories, Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ (Y122X, R334W, R347P, A455E, I507del, F508del, F508C, G542X/G542X, R553X, R560T, and M1101K). Login to comment
31 ❚Table 1❚ Mutations Analyzed in the Study Position From 5' Exon (or Intron) Genotype* No. of Samples Nucleotide Change SNP Class† End/Amplicon Size (bp) 3 394delTT 1 Del‡ - 132/234 4 R117H 1 G→A 1 83/270 Y122X 1 T→A 4 99/270 I148T 2 T→C 1 176/270 Intron 4 621+1 2 G→T 2 233/270 7 R334W 1 C→T 1 208/345 R347P 1 G→C 3 248/345 9 A455E 2 C→A 2 155/263 10 I507del 1 Del‡ - 171/292 F508del 3 Del‡ - 174/292 F508del/F508del 1 Del - 174/292 F508C 1 T→G 2 175/292 11 G542X 1 G→T 2 90/175 G542X/G542X 1 G→T 2 90/175 G551D 1 G→A 1 118/175 R553X 2 C→T 1 123/175 R560T 1 G→C 3 145/175 13 2184delA 1 Del‡ - 356/458 17b M1101K 1 T→A 4 196/292 21 N1303K 1 C→G 3 175/250 bp, base pairs; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism. Login to comment
75 Additional mutations in exons 9, 10, 11, and 21 included 7 heterozygous SNPs (A455E, F508C, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, and N1303K) and 2 heterozygous 3-base deletions (I507del and F508del). Login to comment

PMID: 16202788 [PubMed] Rock MJ et al: "Newborn screening for cystic fibrosis in Wisconsin: nine-year experience with routine trypsinogen/DNA testing."

No. Sentence Comment

30 Mutations included in this assay are 2184delA, A455E, DI507, DF508, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, 1717-1G>A, R1162X, 3659delC, N1303K, W1282X, R334W, R347P, 1078delT, R117H, I148T, 62111G>T, 278915G>A, 3849110kbC>T, G85E, 109811G>A, 71111G>T and 312011G>A. Login to comment
51 Details of these infants are: 1) CF diagnosed at 9 months, pancreatic sufficient, genotype: 3007delG/unknown; 2) CF diagnosed at 6 weeks because of failure to thrive, pancreatic insufficient, genotype: R553X/R1162X; 3) CF diagnosed at 6 weeks because of family history, pancreatic Table I. Login to comment
59 sufficient, genotype: R347P/unknown; and 4) CF diagnosed at 3 months, pancreatic insufficient, genotype: R553X/unknown. Login to comment

PMID: 16227367 [PubMed] McWilliams R et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene carrier status is a risk factor for young onset pancreatic adenocarcinoma."

No. Sentence Comment

277 R McWilliams Department of Oncology and Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA W E Highsmith Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA K G Rabe, M de Andrade, L A Tordsen Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA Conflict of interest: None declared. Table 1 Comparison of CFTR mutation frequencies detected in the young onset pancreatic cancer cohort versus the clinical database Young onset pancreatic cancer cases (,60 y old at diagnosis, n = 166) Mayo Clinic clinical database reference group (n = 5349) No % No % CFTR mutation non-carriers 152 91.6 5132 95.9 CFTR mutation carriers 14 8.4 217 4.1 Mutation distribution DF508 12 85.7 155 71.4 R177H 1 7.1 28 12.9 G551D 6 2.8 2789+5G.A 6 2.8 G542X 4 1.8 N1303K 1 7.1 3 1.4 1717-1G.T 2 0.9 3849+10kbC.T 2 0.9 A455E 2 0.9 R1162X 2 0.9 R347H 1 0.5 R553X 1 0.5 3905insT 1 0.5 621+1G.T 1 0.5 W1282X 1 0.5 1898+1G.A 1 0.5 R560T 1 0.5 Young onset pancreatic cancer cases were more frequent carriers of the CFTR mutations compared with patients in the control database (odds ratio 2.18 (95% confidence interval 1.24-3.29); p = 0.006). Login to comment

PMID: 16243854 [PubMed] Massie J et al: "Markedly elevated neonatal immunoreactive trypsinogen levels in the absence of cystic fibrosis gene mutations is not an indication for further testing."

No. Sentence Comment

222 *All patients underwent an extended CFTR mutation analysis for the following mutations in addition to DF508: G551D, R553X, G542X, R117H, N1303K, 621+1G-T, A455E, V520F, 1717-1G-A, W1282X, R1162X, 3849+10kbC-T, R347P, R334W, R560T, S549N. Login to comment

PMID: 16258369 [PubMed] Gullo L et al: "Mutations of the CFTR gene in idiopathic pancreatic hyperenzymemia."

No. Sentence Comment

53 A, G551D, R553X, R560T, Q552X (i) 10, 11 2183AA . Login to comment

PMID: 16283068 [PubMed] Chen HJ et al: "Cystic fibrosis with homozygous R553X mutation in a Taiwanese child."

No. Sentence Comment

13 We report a 3-year-5-month-old boy born to Taiwanese parents with classical clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis and who has a homozygous R553X mutation of the CFTR gene. Login to comment
62 A homozygous R553X mutation was detected, which was also confirmed by direct sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product, using the technique described in our previous paper (Cheng et al. 2005). Login to comment
64 His nonconsanguineous parents were subsequently both found to be R553X mutation carriers. Login to comment
65 The biparental origins of the R553X mutation were determined by quantitative fluorescent PCR (QF-PCR) using short tandem repeat polymorphic DNA markers specific for both the short arm and long arm of chromosome 7 (Table 1). Login to comment
71 The R553X mutation accounts for 1.1% of cystic fibrosis chromosomes in Caucasian populations (Cheadle et al. 1992a, b), but it has never before been reported in a Taiwanese patient. Login to comment
72 Both parents of our patient were heterozygous for the R553X mutation. However, there was no known consanguinity within the parents` families. Login to comment
74 It is interesting to speculate on the origin of the R553X mutation in this family, as it most likely came from Westerners. Login to comment
79 The nonsense mutation R553X occurs in exon 11 of the CFTR gene and produces a truncated protein missing the regulatory domain, the second nucleotide binding fold, and the second transmembrane span, leading to a reduction or absence of cytoplasmic CFTR mRNA (Will et al. 1993). Login to comment
80 Most Caucasian patients who have the R553X mutation are heterozygous for it. Login to comment
81 Only two patients homozygous for R553X have been reported, one by Bal et al. (1991) and the other by Cheadle et al. (1992a, b). Login to comment
84 Both of these individuals had a later age of onset and relatively mild pulmonary involvement compared with patients heterozygous for the R553X mutation. Login to comment
86 This would explain the relatively mild clinical course in these two patients with a homozygous R553X mutation. However, our patient had Table 1 Genotypic information of the proband, his sister, and parents at short tandem repeat (STR) markers specific for chromosome 7 obtained by fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Login to comment

PMID: 16379540 [PubMed] Stanziale P et al: "Indirect CFTR mutation identification by PCR/OLA anomalous electropherograms."

No. Sentence Comment

50 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF CFTR MUTATIONS IDENTIFIED IN 116 PATIENTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS ORIGINATING FROM CENTRAL-SOUTHERN ITALY Mutations Allele frequency (%) F508del 47.41 G542X 9.48 N1303K 5.60 G85E 5.17 2789ϩ5GϾA 1.29 621ϩ1G-ϾT 1.29 R347P 1.29 R553X 1.29 S589N 1.29 W1282X 1.29 CFTRdele14b-17b 0.86 1717-1G-ϾA 0.43 2183 AA-ϾG 0.43 R1162X 0.43 R334W 0.43 711ϩ5G-ϾA 0.43 3849ϩ1OKbC-ϾT 0.43 Unidentified 21.12 A B C D GTTG-3Ј), 14bF (5Ј-GGGAGGAATAGGTGAAGAT-3Ј) and 14bR (5Ј-AATCCACTATGTTTGTATGTA-3Ј), 17bF (5Ј-AA- TGACATTTGTGATATGAT-3Ј) and 17bR (5Ј-ACTTTAG- CTAAGCATTTAAG-3Ј), respectively. Login to comment

PMID: 16384879 [PubMed] De Boeck K et al: "Cystic fibrosis: terminology and diagnostic algorithms."

No. Sentence Comment

361 Examples include the G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X and N1303K mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 16385442 [PubMed] Hirche TO et al: "[New concepts of pathophysiology and therapy in cystic fibrosis]."

No. Sentence Comment

61 1 Verteilung und Klassifikation der 10 häufigsten CFTR Mutationen in Deutschland 2003 (modifiziert nach [2]) CFTR Mutation identifizierte Mutationen häufigste Mutationen CFTR Mutationsklassea n (%) (%) I II III IV V ˜F508 6593 65,8 88,0 X R553X 172 1,7 2,3 X G542X 160 1,6 2,1 X N1303K 154 1,5 2,0 X G551D 141 1,4 1,9 X R347P 100 1,0 1,3 X 1717 ±1G fi A 61 0,6 0,8 X 3849 + 10 Kb C fi T 49 0,5 0,7 X W1282X 35 0,4 0,5 X R117H 25 0,3 0,4 X andere 524 5,1 gesamt n = 8014 79,9% 100% 7,6%b 88,0% 1,9% 1,7% 0,8% a Zur Einteilung der CFTR Mutationsklassen vergleiche Abb. 3. b Anteil der CFTR Mutationsklasse an den 10 häufigsten Mutationen [%] teinsynthese proportional zu der Schwere der pulmonalen Erkrankung war. Login to comment

PMID: 16429424 [PubMed] Choi EH et al: "Association of common haplotypes of surfactant protein A1 and A2 (SFTPA1 and SFTPA2) genes with severity of lung disease in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

33 Complementary mutations were identified in 51 CF subjects: R117H (4), R347H (1), R347P (1), G542X (7), G551D (4), 1717-1G-A (2), 2789 þ 5G > A(3), 3120 þ 1G > A (2), 3659delC (3), 3849 þ 10kbC>T (6), 394delTT (1), 621 þ 1G>T (4), 711 þ 1G > T (1), G85E (1), I507 (1), N1303K (2), R352Q (1), R553X (2), R560T (1), and W1282X (4). Login to comment

PMID: 16435054 [PubMed] Zilfalil BA et al: "Detection of F508del mutation in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutation among Malays."

No. Sentence Comment

55 MUTATIONS R553X G551D 1507 del F508 del 1717-1 G>A G542X R560T R347P W1282X R334W 1078 Del T 3849 + 10KB C>T R1162X N1303K 3659 Del C A455E R117H 2183 AA>G 2789+5 G>A 1898 +1 G>A 621+1 G>T 711+1 G>T G85E S549N S549R V520F Q493X R347H 3849 +4 A>G 3905 INS T Y122X 4 software before running the gel electrophoresis in 1X TBE using ABI PRISM® 377 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, USA) for 45 minutes. Login to comment

PMID: 16540752 [PubMed] de Vries TW et al: "Analyzing DNA from buccal cells is a reliable method for the exclusion of cystic fibrosis. Results of a pilot study."

No. Sentence Comment

36 3 b r i e f r e p o r t Genetics IN Medicine Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) PCR followed by restriction-fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was performed to analyze delta F508, G542X, G551D, R553X, N1303K, and A455E according to previously described methods on a Perkin Elmer PE 2400 thermocycler.5 As an alternative, the delta F508 mutation was also analyzed by means of amplification refraction mutation system (ARMS) using the following primer combination: common reverse primer 5=GGGTAGTGTGAAGGGTTCATATGCATAATC3=, Wildtype Forward primer 5=GCCTGGCACCATTAAAGAA- AATATCATCTT3=, and Mutant Forward primer 5=GCCTG- GCACCATTAAAGAAAATATCATTGG3=.6 After PCR was performed, amplicons were digested (in the case of RFLP) using appropriate restriction enzymes as previously described. Login to comment

PMID: 16617455 [PubMed] Courtney JM et al: "Association of improved pulmonary phenotype in Irish cystic fibrosis patients with a 3' enhancer polymorphism in alpha-1-antitrypsin."

No. Sentence Comment

80 T 1.2% 1.7% 1.4% Nonmild R560T 1.5% 1.3% 1.4% Nonmild G542X 0.7% 1.7% 1.1% Nonmild E60X 0.5% 0.9% 0.6% Mild R553X 0.0% 1.3% 0.5% Nonmild N103K 0.7% 0.0% 0.5% Nonmild 9DELTT 0.0% 0.9% 0.3% Mild 3849 þ 10 kb C > T 0.0% 0.9% 0.3% Mild R75Q 0.0% 0.9% 0.3% Mild 1717 þ 1 G > A/À 0.5% 0.0% 0.3% Mild D1507 0.5% 0.0% 0.3% Mild Minor alleles 9.5% 27.4% 15.9% Mild 1 Alleles listed individually occur at a frequency of !0.5% in either population. Login to comment

PMID: 16690975 [PubMed] McKone EF et al: "Variants in the glutamate-cysteine-ligase gene are associated with cystic fibrosis lung disease."

No. Sentence Comment

62 * Severe cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutations (Class I-III) ϭ G542X, R553X, W1282X, R1162X, 621-1G→T, 1717-1G→A, 1078⌬T, 3659⌬C, ⌬F508, ⌬I507, N1303K, S549N, G551D, R560T. Login to comment

PMID: 16714368 [PubMed] Radpour R et al: "Molecular analysis of the IVS8-T splice variant 5T and M470V exon 10 missense polymorphism in Iranian males with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

55 The analysis of the entire coding sequence allowed us to identify 16 different mutations in CBAVD patients, 13 mutations identified by kit and 3 mutations identified by genome scan (R347H, R553X and 1540A/G) (Table III). Login to comment
90 Mutation geno types IVS8-PolyT M470V n (%) Two mutations detected F508del/R117H 9T/9T M/M 1 (0.94) F508del/621+1G>T 7T/7T V/V 1 (0.94) 1540A/G/1540A/G 7T/7T M/M 2 (1.89) R347H/R117H 9T/7T M/V 1 (0.94) G551D/IVS8-5T 7T/5T M/V 2 (1.89) F508del/IVS8-5T 7T/5T M/V 8 (7.55) 9T/5T M/M 6 (5.67) 1717-1G>A/IVS8-5T 7T/5T M/V 4 (3.77) R117H/IVS8-5T 7T/5T M/V 2 (1.89) 621+1G>T/IVS8-5T 7T/5T M/V 3 (2.83) 9T/5T M/M 2 (1.89) 1540A/G/IVS8-5T 7T/5T M/V 2 (1.89) R553X/IVS8-5T 7T/5T M/V 1 (0.94) IVS8-5T/IVS8-5T 5T/5T V/V 3 (2.83) 5T/5T M/M 8 (7.55) One mutation detected G85E/- 7T/7T V/V 2 (1.89) G551D/- 9T/7T V/V 1 (0.94) 621+1G>T/- 7T/7T M/M 2 (1.89) 9T/7T M/V 1 (0.94) R334W/- 7T/7T M/V 1 (0.94) F508del/- 7T/7T M/V 7 (6.60) 9T/7T M/M 3 (2.83) 9T/9T M/V 2 (1.89) IVS8-5T/- 5T/7T M/M 3 (2.83) 5T/9T M/V 2 (1.89) 1717-1G>A/- 7T/7T M/V 3 (2.83) 9T/7T M/V 2 (1.89) R117H/- 7T/7T M/M 2 (1.89) 9T/7T M/V 1 (0.94) 2789+5G>A/- 7T/7T M/M 1 (0.94) 3120+1G>A/- 9T/7T M/V 2 (1.89) R560T/- 9T/7T M/V 1 (0.94) N1303K/- 9T/7T V/V 1 (0.94) 1651A/G/- 7T/7T M/V 1 (0.94) R553X/- 9T/7T M/V 1 (0.94) No mutation detected -/- 7T/7T M/M 12 (11.32) -/- 9T/9T M/M 3 (2.83) -/- 9T/7T M/V 6 (5.66) Table IV. Login to comment

PMID: 16954950 [PubMed] Sobczynska-Tomaszewska A et al: "Analysis of CFTR, SPINK1, PRSS1 and AAT mutations in children with acute or chronic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

64 For the first 50 patients enrolled in this study, the CFTR mutations F508del, G542X, G551D, R553X, N1303K, W1282X, 1717-1G/A, I507del, S1251N, R560T, 3905insT, Q552X (INNO-LiPA CFTR12, Innogenetics, Gent, Belgium), CFTRdele2,3 (16) and polyT variant in intron 8 (IVS8-T) (17) were analyzed. Login to comment

PMID: 16959918 [PubMed] Kraemer R et al: "Effect of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis on lung function in children with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

57 Regarding CFTR stratification, 72 (59.0%) were homozygous for ⌬F508(2), 9 were compound heterozygous for the frame shift Swiss-type mutation 3905insT/⌬F, 12 (9.8%) were compound heterozygous for the missense mutation R553X/⌬F, and 29 (23.8%) had other miscellaneous genotypes (Table 1). Login to comment
73 of Test Sessions Age Range Covered, yr (%) Patient cohort Total, n 122 Males, n (%) 62 (50.8) Females, n (%) 60 (49.2) Database follow-up Total 1,400 6-10 (80) Per child 10 (4-15) 11-15 (71) Per yr 79 (23-111) 16-20 (39) CFTR mutation stratification* ⌬F508(2) 72 (59.0) 3905insT/⌬F 9 (7.4) R553X/⌬F 12 (9.8) Miscellaneous 29 (23.8) Definition of abbreviation: CFTR ϭ cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. Login to comment
74 * Miscellaneous-numbers in brackets: ⌬F508 and 1717-1GϾA(3), W1282X(2), 2347delG (1), 621ϩ1GϾT(1), Q525X(2), N1303K(1), 2176insC (1), 394delTT (1), 4005ϩ1G-A(1), 420DEL9 (1), E585X(1), G126D(1), G85E(1), R347P(1); 3905insT and 1717-1GϾA(1), K710X(1), M1101K(1), Q39X(1); R553X and R553X(1), 3905insT (1); G542X and T5(3), G542X(1); Q542X and K1200E(2); N1303K and 2347delG (1), 2789ϩ5GϾA(1); 1199delG and R560S(1). Login to comment
190 In our study, an attempt to correlate the prevalence of A. fumigatus sensitization and the development of an ABPA phenotype with the four most common CFTR genotypes in Switzerland (⌬F508/⌬F508, ⌬F508/3905insT [Swiss type], ⌬F508/ R553X, and miscellaneous ⌬F508/N1303K) failed to demonstrate a relevant association. Login to comment

PMID: 17003641 [PubMed] Keiles S et al: "Identification of CFTR, PRSS1, and SPINK1 mutations in 381 patients with pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

54 Patients With More Than 1 CFTR Mutation CFTR Mutation 1 CFTR Mutation 2 CFTR Mutation 3 No. of Patients deltaF508 5T 3 deltaF508 D1152H 1 deltaF508 deltaF508 1 deltaF508 F575Y 1 deltaF508 K598E 1 deltaF508 T164S 1 deltaF508 R74W D1270N 1 deltaF508 Q1476X 1 deltaF508 L997F 1 R553X D1152H 1 R553X G1069R 1 2789+5 G9A 2183 AA9G 1 3849+10kb C9T L1260P 1 711+3 A to G I1139V 1 1341+1 G9A G194R 5T 1 621+25 A9G 3500-19 C9T 1 R74W V855I 1 G542X R117H 1 G551D F311L 1 G576A R668C 2 K710X L997F 1 L997F L320V 1 G1069R 5T 1 1818+18 G9A 5T 1 F1074L 5T 1 F834L 5T 1 R74Q R297Q 1 R74Q R297Q 5T 1 R785Q 5T 1 R117H 5T 3 deltaF508 I1027T 1 Total patients 36 MutationsinboldfacewouldnothavebeendetectedbytheAmericanCollegeofObstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG)/American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) mutation panel. Login to comment

PMID: 17020467 [PubMed] Giannattasio S et al: "Molecular basis of cystic fibrosis in Lithuania: incomplete CFTR mutation detection by PCR-based screening protocols."

No. Sentence Comment

60 CFTR GENOTYPE CHARACTERIZED IN 32 NON-p.F508del HOMOZYGOTE LITHUANIAN CF PATIENTS Patient CFTR mutationa (TG)ma Tna M470V 1 F508del/R553X 10/10 9/7 MM 2 F508del/R553X 10/12 9/7 VV 3 F508del/R553X 10/10 9/7 VV 4 F508del/R553X 10/10 9/7 VV 5 F508del/3944delGT 10/11 9/7 VV 6 F508del/W1282X 10/10 9/7 VV 7 F508del/G314R 10/12 9/7 MV 8 F508del/N1303K 10/11 9/7 MV 9 F508del/CFTRdele2,3(21kb) 10/11 9/7 MV 10 F508del/CFTRdele2,3(21kb) 10/11 9/7 MV 11 F508del/- 10/10 9/7 VV 12 F508del/- 10/11 9/7 MV 13 F508del/- 10/10 9/7 VV 14 F508del/- 10/10 9/9 VV 15 F508del/- 10/10 7/7 MV 16 F508del/- 10/11 9/7 MV 17 F508del/- 10/10 9/7 VV 18 N1303K/- 10/10 7/7 MM 19 R75Q/- 10/11 7/7 MV 20 -/- 11/11 7/7 VV 21 -/- 10/12 7/7 MM 22 -/- 11/11 9/7 MV 23 -/- 11/11 7/7 MV 24 -/- 10/10 7/7 MV 25 -/- 10/12 9/7 MV 26 -/- 10/11 7/7 MM 27 -/- 11/11 9/7 VV 28 -/- 12/12 7/7 MV 29 -/- 11/11 9/9 MM 30 -/- 10/11 9/9 MV 31 -/- 11/11 5/7 MV 32 -/- 10/11 9/9 MM aFor each patient, (TG)m and Tn alleles are indicated in phase with each other but not with CFTR mutations identified. Login to comment
3 Seven CFTR mutations, p.N1303K (2.0%), p.R75Q (1.0%), p.G314R (1.0%), p.R553X (4.2%), p.W1282X (1.0%), and g.3944delGT (1.0%), accounted for 10.1% of Lithuanian CF chromosomes. Login to comment
32 The following CFTR mutations were found: p.N1303K (2.0%), p.R75Q (1.0%), p.G314R (1.0%), p.R553X (4.2%), p.W1282X (1.0%), and g.3944delGT (1.0%). Login to comment
46 CFTR GENE MUTATIONS IDENTIFIED BY PCR SCREENING METHODS IN 98 UNRELATED LITHUANIAN CF CHROMOSOMES Number of chromosomes CFTR allele (relative frequency) p.F508del 51 (52.0%) p.R553X 4 (4.2%) p.N1303K 2 (2.0%) CFTRdele2,3(21kb)a 2 (2.0%) p.R75Q 1 (1.0%) p.G314R 1 (1.0%) p.W1282X 1 (1.0%) g.3944delGT 1 (1.0%) Uncharacterized 35 (35.8%) Total 98 (100%) aDork et al. 2000. Login to comment

PMID: 17062471 [PubMed] Merelle ME et al: "Extended gene analysis can increase specificity of neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

58 Results Reliability of the extended gene analysis The following mutations were found in the study population: DF508, 3659delC, R553X, S589N, R1070Q and E60X (Table I). Login to comment
59 The 3659delC, R553X, S589N and R1070Q mutations were identified by OLA analysis. Login to comment
94 Genotypes Number DF508/DF508 5 DF508/3659delC 1 DF508/R553X 1 DF508/S589N 1 DF508/R1070Q 1 DF508/E60X 1 DF508/N 8 3659delC/N 1 S589N/N 1 Total 20 N: no CFTR mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 17099022 [PubMed] McKone EF et al: "CFTR genotype as a predictor of prognosis in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

46 Alleles High-risk CFTR genotype Class I 2,131 G542X, R553X, W1282X, R1162X, 621-1G3T, 1717-1G3A, 1078⌬T, 3659⌬C Class II 11,231 ⌬F508, ⌬I507, N1303K, S549N, G85E Class III 783 G551D, R560T Low-risk CFTR genotype Class IV 391 R117H, R334W, R347P Class V 421 3849 ϩ 10KbC3T, 2789 ϩ 5G3A, A455E *Patients with both CFTR alleles in either class I, class II, or class III were grouped together as a high-risk genotype, while patients with at least one mutant allele in class IV and V were considered to have low-risk genotypes; 380 patients had both mutations in either class I, II, or III, while 314 patients had both mutations in either class IV or V (total, n ϭ 15,651). Login to comment

PMID: 17137500 [PubMed] Kraemer R et al: "Progression of pulmonary hyperinflation and trapped gas associated with genetic and environmental factors in children with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

87 Compound heterozygotes for the nonsense mutation R553X and ∆F508 constituted group 3 with the third most common genotype (R553X/∆F: n = 10 6.6%), whereas the fourth group comprised 43 miscellaneous genotypes (28.3%). Login to comment
98 RespiratoryResearch2006,7:138http://respiratory-research.com/content/7/1/138 Page5of15 (pagenumbernotforcitationpurposes) Table 1: Patient cohort, data base characteristics, distribution of CFTR mutations, and stratification into different types of bronchial infection in study patients with cystic fibrosis Patient (from database*) Follow-up statistic (from database*) n % number of tests age ranges covered all 152 total 1460 6 to 10 y 80% - males 77 50.7 per child 10 (4-15) 11 to 15 y 71% - females 75 49.3 per year 83(29-116) 16 to 20 y 39% CFTR mutation stratification n % ∆F508(2) 86 56.6 Miscellaneous: numbers in brackets 3905insT/∆F 13 8.6 ∆F508 and1717-1G>A(4), W1282X(4), 2347delG(3), G524X(2), Q525X(2), N1303K(2), 621+1G>T(1), R553X/∆F 10 6.6 2176insC(1), 394delTT(1), 4005+1G-A(1). Login to comment
99 420del9(1), E585X(1), G126D(1), G85E(1), R347P(1), 1078delT(1); Miscellaneous 43 28.3 3905insT and1717-1G>A(1),K710X(1), M1101K(1), Q39X(1), P5L(1), R553X(1); R553X andR553X(1); G542X and T5(3), G542X(1); Q542X and3732delA(2); N1303K and2347delG(1), 2789+5G>A(1); 1199delG andR560S(1). Login to comment
125 Children in whom the R553X/∆F mutation was present demonstrated the lowest values for all lung function parameters at time of initial measurement (age 6 to 8 yrs). Login to comment
161 sign. FRCpleth ∆F508(2) 0.151 1.117 n.s. 3.979 0.008 3905insT/∆F 0.215 1.057 0.048 0.09154 R553X/∆F 0.165 0.120 n.s. 0.09969 LCI ∆F508(2) 0.247 5.077 0.002 0.491 n.s. 3905insT/∆F 0.291 1.865 0.006 0.200854 R553X/∆F 0.278 0.307 n.s. 0.236018 VTG ∆F508(2) 0.198 3.372 0.019 6.499 0.0001 3905insT/∆F 0.233 1.036 0.011 0.113801 R553X/∆F 0.256 0.065 n.s. 0.128347 sReff ∆F508(2) 0.405 0.849 n.s. 10.043 0.0001 3905insT/∆F 0.549 1.297 n.s. 0.305402 R553X/∆F 0.741 3.298 0.039 0.328812 FEV1 ∆F508(2) -0.185 4.542 0.004 13.066 0.0001 3905insT/∆F -0.216 2.502 0.009 0.16809 R553X/∆F -0.466 0.431 n.s. 0.18238 FEF50 ∆F508(2) -0.439 1.774 n.s. 14.255 0.0001 3905insT/∆F -0.738 1.011 n.s. 0.30235 R553X/∆F -1.029 2.952 0.002 0.32759 Misc -0.354 * adjusted for multiple comisons according Bonferroni their ventilatory requirements at rest by increasing breathing frequency rather than tidal volume in order to minimize the increase of resistive work associated with thoracic wall excursion. Login to comment
198 In comparison to the inframe homozygotes ∆F508(2) and nonsense R553X/∆F compound heterozygotes, patients carrying one frameshift mutation 3905insT have a poorer prognosis with respect to the onset of pulmonary disease, progression of lung function, and mortality [87]. Login to comment
200 We undertook a similar statistical approach to evaluate potential associations between repeated lung function measurements and the most frequent CFTR genotypes in Switzerland, ∆F508(2), 3905insT/∆F and R553X/∆F. Login to comment
201 Significant differences in lung function indices were identified between the 3905insT/∆F compound heterozygote and ∆F508(2) homozygote mutation groups for FRCpleth, LCI and VTG, as well as between R553X/∆F compound heterozygotes and ∆F508(2) homozygotes for sReff, and FEF50 (Table 3). Login to comment
202 Confirming previous findings [15,21,51,88,89], our data demonstrate that the 3905insT mutation is associated with severe lung disease, manifesting early in life [21], whereas the R553X/∆F mutation seems to provide milder pulmonary involvement during the first 5 to 6 yrs of life, thereafter however, to be exposed to a much more pronounced progression compared with both the ∆F508 and the 3905insT/∆F. Login to comment
204 The effect is even more pronounced for the R553X/∆F group. Login to comment

PMID: 17191107 [PubMed] Gambardella S et al: "Gene expression profile study in CFTR mutated bronchial cell lines."

No. Sentence Comment

4 In order to identify CF modifier genes, we built a low-density home-made oligoarray containing 144 genes selected according to biochemical criteria and evaluated their expression in two CF bronchial epithelial cell lines (CuFi1 F508del/F508del; CuFi3 F508del/R553X). Login to comment
9 These data could suggest that the presence of a class I allele (R553X) determines a more profound alteration of gene expression pattern than the presence of a class II allele (F508del). Login to comment
24 In certain cases (R553X), the mutated mRNA is unstable and does not produce the protein, causing loss of CFTR chloride channel activity in the affected epithelia [13-15]. Login to comment
39 To this aim, we analysed two CF bronchial epithelial cell lines deriving from two patients with a different CFTR genotype: CuFi1 (F508del/F508del) homozygous for two class II mutations, and CuFi3 (F508del/R553X), a heterozygous compound with one class I allele and one class II allele. Login to comment
80 Results To identify genomic response to different CFTR mutations, total RNA was isolated from two different human epithelial bronchial-derived cell lines, CuFi1 (F508del/ F508del) and CuFi3 (F508del/R553X), and from a healthy subject, NuLi1 at the same passage (P15). Login to comment
104 For each gene the values of QRT-PCR (log2RT) and of cDNA microarray (log2microarray) are shown in the two cell lines Gene name CuFi1 CuFi1 CuFi3 CuFi3 log2RT log2microarray log2RT log2microarray ENaC 1.60 1.00 2.00 1.38 SMAD3 -1.00 -1.80 1.00 1.00 GRM8 -1.00 -0.98 2.00 1.00 NHERF2 -0.15 0.00 -0.60 -0.25 Calreticulin 2.00 0.60 -1.00 -0.12 Discussion We performed a low-density microarray analysis on two bronchial epithelial cell lines, CuFi1 (F508del/F508del) and CuFi3 (F508del/R553X), compared with a cell line from a healthy subject (NuLi1). Login to comment
160 In this case, the presence of allele R553X in CuFi3 induces a generally more profound alteration of gene expression pattern, because the cell tries to produce CFTR from an RNA that does not produce the protein. Login to comment

PMID: 17314234 [PubMed] Radpour R et al: "Molecular study of (TG)m(T)n polymorphisms in Iranian males with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

77 CFTR gene mutations in 112 CBAVD patients and 7 CBAVD patients* Samples Mutation genotype3 (TG)m(T)n n (%) CBAVD Two mutations detected (5 /112 5 4.46%) F508del / R117H (TG)10 9T / (TG)10 9T 1 (0.89) F508del / 621+1G.T (TG)11 7T / (TG)11 7T 1 (0.89) 1540A/G / 1540A/G (TG)11 7T / (TG)11 7T 2 (1.79) R347H / R117H (TG)10 9T / (TG)11 7T 1 (0.89) One mutation detected with one 5T allele (32 / 112 5 28.57%) G551D / - (TG)10 7T/ (TG)13 5T 2 (1.79) F508del / - (TG)12 7T/ (TG)13 5T 8 (7.14) (TG)11 9T/ (TG)13 5T 6 (5.36) 1717-1G.A / - (TG)11 7T/ (TG)12 5T 4 (3.57) R117H / - (TG)12 7T/ (TG)13 5T 2 (1.79) 621+1G.T / - (TG)11 7T/ (TG)13 5T 3 (2.68) 2 (1.79) 1540A/G / - (TG)11 7T/ (TG)13 5T 2 (1.79) R553X / - (TG)12 7T/ (TG)13 5T 1 (0.89) Y122H / -4 (TG)11 7T / (TG)13 5T 1 (0.89) T338A / -4 (TG)10 7T / (TG)13 5T 1 (0.89) No mutation detected with two 5T alleles (11 / 112 5 9.82%) - / - (TG)12 5T / (TG)13 5T 3 (2.68) - / - (TG)13 5T / (TG)13 5T 8 (7.14) One mutation detected without 5T allele (35 / 112 5 31.25%) G85E / - (TG)11 7T / (TG)11 7T 2 (1.79) G551D / - (TG)10 9T / (TG)12 7T1 1 (0.89) 621+1G.T / - (TG)11 7T / (TG)11 7T 2 (1.79) (TG)10 9T / (TG)11 7T 1 (0.89) R334W / - (TG)12 7T / (TG)10 7T 1 (0.89) F508del / - (TG)11 7T / (TG)11 7T 7 (6.25) (TG)11 9T / (TG)12 7T 3 (2.68) (TG)10 9T / (TG)10 9T 2 (1.79) 1717-1G.A / - (TG)11 7T / (TG)12 7T 3 (2.68) (TG)10 9T / (TG)11 7T 2 (1.79) R117H/- (TG)12 7T / (TG)12 7T 2 (1.79) (TG)10 9T / (TG)11 7T 1 (0.89) 2789+5G.A / - (TG)10 7T / (TG)11 7T 1 (0.89) 3120+1G.A / - (TG)10 9T / (TG)11 7T 2 (1.79) R560T / - (TG)10 9T / (TG)11 7T 1 (0.89) N1303K / - (TG)10 9T / (TG)11 7T 1 (0.89) 1651A/G / - (TG)11 7T / (TG)12 7T 1 (0.89) R553X / - (TG)10 9T / (TG)10 7T 1 (0.89) K536X / -4 (TG)10 9T / (TG)10 9T 1 (0.89) No mutation detected with one 5T alleles (7 / 112 5 6.25%) - / - (TG)13 5T / (TG)12 7T 3 (2.68) - / - (TG)13 5T / (TG)10 9T 4 (3.57) No mutation detected (22 / 112 5 19.64%) - / - (TG)11 7T / (TG)11 7T 12 (10.71) - / - (TG)11 7T / (TG)12 7T 1 (1.79) - / - (TG)10 9T / (TG)10 9T 3 (2.68) - / - (TG)10 9T / (TG)11 7T 6 (5.36) CUAVD One mutation detected without 5T allele (2 / 7 5 28.57%) R334W / - (TG)10 9T / (TG)11 7T 1 (14.29) R117H / - (TG)11 7T / (TG)11 7T 1 (14.29) No mutation detected with one 5T alleles (3 / 7 5 42.86%) - / - (TG)11 9T / (TG)13 5T 2 (28.57) - / - (TG)10 7T / (TG)13 5T 1 (14.29) No mutation detected (2 / 7 5 28.57%) - / - (TG)10 9T / (TG)12 7T 2 (28.57) * CBAVD indicates congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens; CUAVD, congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens. Login to comment

PMID: 17347447 [PubMed] Clancy JP et al: "No detectable improvements in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator by nasal aminoglycosides in patients with cystic fibrosis with stop mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

50 GENOTYPE AND DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION OF STUDY SUBJECTS Age (yr) Sex Genotype Premature stop mutation subjects 16 Male 621ϩ1G-T/E60X 16 Male ⌬F508/G542X 22 Male ⌬F508/G542X 12 Female ⌬F508/G542X 22 Female ⌬F508/G542X 11 Male ⌬F508/R553X 15 Female 621ϩ1G-T/R553X 27 Female ⌬F508/R553X 32 Female ⌬F508/Y1092X 28 Male ⌬F508/R1162X 11 Female ⌬F508/W1282X Mean yr (SD) 20.2 (8.9) M:F 5:6 (six separate stop alleles represented) Control subjects 8 Male ⌬F508/⌬F508 14 Male ⌬F508/⌬F508 16 Female ⌬F508/⌬F508 16 Female ⌬F508/⌬F508 16 Male ⌬F508/⌬F508 18 Female ⌬F508/⌬F508 18 Male ⌬F508/⌬F508 20 Male ⌬F508/⌬F508 20 Female ⌬F508/⌬F508 20 Male ⌬F508/⌬F508 24 Female ⌬F508/⌬F508 32 Female ⌬F508/⌬F508 35 Male ⌬F508/⌬F508 42 Female ⌬F508/⌬F508 29 Male ⌬F508/G551D 59 Female ⌬F508/2789ϩ5G-T 16 Male ⌬F508/3905InsT 15 Female ⌬F508/N1303K Mean yr (SD) 23.2 (12.3) M:F 9:9 ⌬F508/⌬F508: 14:18 were provided (with 25% overfill) at Days 0, 7, 42, and 49 for the premature stop group, and at Days 0 and 7 for the control group. Login to comment
230 The four most common stop mutations (G542X, R553X, R1162X, W1282X CFTR) all contain a UGA codon, and all have been shown to be suppressed by aminoglycoside treatment in vitro using heterologous expression systems. Login to comment

PMID: 17394637 [PubMed] Sermet-Gaudelus I et al: "In vitro prediction of stop-codon suppression by intravenous gentamicin in patients with cystic fibrosis: a pilot study."

No. Sentence Comment

85 Four had another stop mutation: one was homozygous for G542X, one for R1162X, and two were compound heterozygous for W1282X/F508del and R553X/CFTRdele17b (Group B). Login to comment
123 Genotype Sputum colonisation Age (year) Δscore FEV1var FVCvar FEF25-75var Sweat Cl- at D0 Sweat Cl- at D15 ΔCl-free-iso at D0 ΔCl-free-iso at D15 ICC Y122X+/+ SA 11 -4 24 23 31 126 91 0 0 - Y122X+/+ PA* 16 -2 -12 -6 -15 79 37 NP 0 - Y122X+/+ PA*,SA 18 -4 2 -2 -8 109 115 0 NP + Y122X+/+ PP* 15 -5 25 19 86 90 91 -0.5 0 + Y122X+/+ PP* 13 -15 18 8 96 103 46 -1.6 -3.8 + Y122X+/+ SA 22 -13 3 0 7 108 100 -3.7 -17.6 + Y122X+/+ BC* 21 -22 18 24 150 136 135 0 -4 + Y122X+/+ PA* 12 -12 3 -9 NP 119 86 0 -8.2 NP Y122X+/F508del SA* 10.5 -3 21 21 45 114 65 -1 -3.3 + R1162X +/+ SA 14 -2 0.4 0 4 116 131 0 0 - F508del/W1282X PA 13 -2 15 14 27 103 100 0 -1.3 NP G542X +/+ SA 11 -4 21 17 20 113 105 0 0 NP R553X/CFTRdele17b PA* 10 0 NP NP NP 115 NP -4 NP NP PA: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; SA: Staphylococcus aureus; PP: Pseudomonas putida; BC: Burkholderia cepacia; * bacteria resistant to gentamicin. Login to comment

PMID: 17471160 [PubMed] Huang CK et al: "Validation of cystic fibrosis mutation analysis using ABI 3130XL genetic analyzer."

No. Sentence Comment

58 Mutation controls: to specifically assess the detection of CF mutations, 20 cell line DNA samples with mutations of R553X, 3659delC/delF508, delF508/Q493X, 711+ 1G>T/621+1G>T, 621+1G>T/delF508, G85E/ 621+1G>T, R560T/delF508, A455E/621+1G>T, N1303K, W1282X, G551D/R553X, 2789+5G>A/ 2789+5G>A, 3849+10C>T/3849+10C>T, 1717-1G>A, delF508/delF508, R347P/G551D, R334W, V520F, R117H/delF508/5T/9T, or G542X/G542X, respectively, from the Coriell Cell Repositories were analyzed. Login to comment

PMID: 17541014 [PubMed] Rowe SM et al: "Restoration of W1282X CFTR activity by enhanced expression."

No. Sentence Comment

85 RESULTS Preferential Enhancement of CFTR Activity in W1282X CFTR Expressing Cells by Sodium Butyrate Previous studies have examined the function of several CFTR molecules containing clinically relevant premature stop codons in transient, high-level expression systems using nonpolarizing cell types (including G542X, R553X, R1162X, and W1282X CFTR), with variable levels of constitutive and regulated CFTR activity described (7, 8, 33). Login to comment
221 In previously published studies, our laboratory has reported that high-level expression of the two most common CFTR premature stop mutations G542X and R553X CFTR (using transient vaccinia-based expression in non-polarizing cells) led to constitutive halide transport function lacking cAMP-dependent regulation (8, 27). Login to comment

PMID: 17594397 [PubMed] Schneider M et al: "Large deletions in the CFTR gene: clinics and genetics in Swiss patients with CF."

No. Sentence Comment

117 Hepatobiliary disease (treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid) appeared only in patient 1 and 7 presenting with the nonsense mutation R553X on the non-deleted allele. Login to comment

PMID: 17627383 [PubMed] Knezevic J et al: "Analysis of cystic fibrosis gene mutations and associated haplotypes in the Croatian population."

No. Sentence Comment

39 INNOGENETICS INNO-LIPA CFTR 12 and INNO-LIPA CFTR 7 ϩ Tn diagnostic kits were used to assess the presence of the 29 mutations in CF patients; ⌬F508, ⌬I507, G542X, N1303K, 1717-1G Ǟ A, W1282X, G551D, R553X, S1251N, R560T, 3905insT, Q552X, 394delTT, G85E, E60X, 621 ϩ 1G Ǟ T, R117H, 1078delT, R347P, R334W, 2143delT, 2183AA Ǟ G, 2184delA, 711 ϩ 5G Ǟ A, 2789 ϩ 5G Ǟ A, R1162X, 3659delC, 3849 ϩ 10kbC Ǟ T, and A455E. Login to comment

PMID: 17718859 [PubMed] Faucz FR et al: "Cystic fibrosis in a southern Brazilian population: characteristics of 90% of the alleles."

No. Sentence Comment

20 We previously reported the mutation heterogeneity in Brazilian CF patients by direct analysis of F508del and four other common mutations (G542X, N1303K, G551D and R553X). Login to comment
57 (2.7%) and R553X (1.8%). Login to comment
68 Nine patients were partially characterized (four F508del; five with several different mutations 2183AA.G, 62111G.T, N1030K, G1069R and R553X). Login to comment
80 Mutations G85E, R334W, R553X, 62111G.A, 1717-8G.A, G1069R and W1282G were associated with haplotypes not observed in the normal CFTR genes. Login to comment
90 Previously, such heterogeneity was indeed identified in Brazilian CF patients of European origin by the screening of five common mutations (F508del, G542X, N1303K, G551D and R553X) (13). Login to comment

PMID: 17850636 [PubMed] Girardet A et al: "Negative genetic neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis caused by compound heterozygosity for two large CFTR rearrangements."

No. Sentence Comment

34 If IRT at day 3 is positive (.65 ng/ml), the card is subjected to an ARMS Elucigen kit (Tepnel) testing for 30 common CF mutations (F508del, Y1092X, 1717-1G.A, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, 3849110kbC.T, 394delTT, 62111G.T, S1251N, G551D, R117H, R1162X, R334W, A455E, 2183AA.G, 3659delC, 1078delT, I507del, R347P, R553X, E60X, 1 8 1 1 11 . Login to comment

PMID: 17890437 [PubMed] Montgomery J et al: "Scanning the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene using high-resolution DNA melting analysis."

No. Sentence Comment

8 The melting patterns of most heterozygotes were unique (37 of 40 pairs within the same amplicon), the exceptions being p.F508del vs p.I507del, p.G551D vs p.R553X, and p.W1282X vs c.4002A>G. Login to comment
141 Each genotype traces a different path, with the exception of p.G551D and p.R553X. Login to comment
162 The exceptions included 3-bp deletions, p.I507del/p.F508del, and 2 single-base variant pairs (p.G551D/p.R553X and p.W1282X/ c.4002AϾG). Login to comment
165 Fig. 4 in the online Data Supplement details an unlabeled probe assay to differentiate p.G551D from p.R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 17914215 [PubMed] Van Biervliet S et al: "Serum zinc concentrations in cystic fibrosis patients aged above 4 years: a cross-sectional evaluation."

No. Sentence Comment

73 Table 1 Genotype of the 101 CF Patients: Details of the CF Mutations and Classification into Two Groups Genotype Groups Genotype No of Patients A ΔF508/ΔF508 47 ΔF508/E60X 1 ΔF508/G542X 7 ΔF508/N1303K 3 ΔF508/Q493X 1 ΔF508/1717-1G→A 1 ΔF508/Y1092X 1 ΔF508/394delTT 1 ΔF508/R785X 1 ΔF508/R553X 1 ΔF508/ΔI507 1 394delTT/394delTT 1 N1303K/N1303K 2 B ΔF508/3849+10kbC-T 1 ΔF508/306ΔTAGA 1 ΔF508/S1251N 8 ΔF508/L927P 1 G458V/1717-1G→A 1 ΔF508/I336K 2 G542X/622-2 A→C 1 ΔF508/G970R 3 ΔF508/3272-26A→G 2 ΔF508/R117H 2 ΔF508/2789+5G→A 2 1717-1G->A/S1251N 1 G542X/G970R 1 394delTT/Y913C 1 N1303K/deletion exon 19 1 Unidentified/unidentified 2 3600+2insTA/2005 del T 1 ΔF508/1898+1G→A 1 Deletion exon 2/del exon 2 1 There was no difference according to gender or age. Login to comment

PMID: 17949287 [PubMed] Lebo RV et al: "One multiplex control for 29 cystic fibrosis mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

103 For example, the Intron 10/Exon 11 fragment spans 5 common mutation sites: 1717-1G Ǟ A, G542X, G551D, R553X, and R560T, while the ⌬I507 and ⌬F508 mutations in Exon 10 overlap by one basepair and each delete three basepairs. Login to comment
105 Because the G551D and R553X mutations are within four basepairs, these mutations were also synthesized on independently cloned Intron 10/Exon 11 fragments, both of which carried three other mutations: 1717-1G Ǟ A, G542X, and R560T (Fig. 2, fragments 1 and 3). Login to comment
165 As part of this validation, two different Intron10/Exon11 fragments were sequenced and tested: both contain the 1717-1G Ǟ A, G542X, and R560T mutations, and the first also contains the G551D mutation (Fig. 2, clone 1; Fig. 3, f1), while the second also contains the R553X mutation (Fig. 2, clone 3; Fig. 3, f3). Login to comment
168 In contrast, clone 3 with the R553X mutation hybridized to the wild-type G551 allele as well as the mutant LEBO ET AL.264 FIG. 3. Login to comment
169 (Continued) R553X allele (Fig. 3, f3, right strip). Login to comment
170 Thus, the R553X sequence does not prevent hybridization to the G551 probe at the hybridization stringency used in the assay. Login to comment
203 The G551/R553 gene region is represented by four bead populations, one for each normal allele, G551 and R553, and one for each mutant allele, G551D and R553X. Login to comment
204 A known artifact of the TmBiosciences methodology is that the R553X sequence will interfere with the binding of the normal G551 extension primer so that the normal G551 allele will not be detected on the template containing the R553X allele. Login to comment
205 This occurs in patient genomic DNA positive for the R553X allele as well as in our control mix (Fig. 4, panel 2, unpublished results). Login to comment
228 See results for a further description of the G551D and R553X heterozygous sites on clones 1 and 3. Login to comment

PMID: 18076731 [PubMed] Felderbauer P et al: "Pancreatitis risk in primary hyperparathyroidism: relation to mutations in the SPINK1 trypsin inhibitor (N34S) and the cystic fibrosis gene."

No. Sentence Comment

10 One patient was transheterozygous (SPINK1: N34S/CFTR: R553X). Login to comment
65 Mutations Detected in the PRSS1, SPINK1, and CFTR Genes in 25 Patients With pHPT and Pancreatitis PRSS1 SPINK1 CFTR CFTR Patient N29I/R122H N34S Mutant Poly T 1 - # - - 7T/7T 2 - - F508del 9T/7T 3 - - - 7T/7T 4 - - - 7T/7T 5 - N34S - 7T/7T 6 - N34S - 7T/7T 7 - - - 9T/7T 8 - - - 7T/7T 9 - - ND* ND* 10 - - - 7T/7T 11 - - - 7T/7T 12 - - - 7T/5T 13 - - - 7T/7T 14 - - - 9T/7T 15 - - - 7T/7T 16 - N34S - 7T/7T 17 - - F508del 9T/7T 18 - - R553X 7T/7T 19 - - - 7T/7T 20 - - - 7T/7T 21 - N34S R553X 7T/7T 22 - - - ND* 23 - - - ND* 24 - - - ND* 25 - - - ND* * ND, not done due to absence of DNA. Login to comment
85 Transheterozygous State of a Patient (SPINK1: N34S/CFTR: R553X) With pHPT and Pancreatitis The patient with a combination of both mutations had the first episode of pancreatitis at 18 yr and although a resection of the pancreatic head had been performed at 28, the abdominal symptoms persisted. Login to comment
116 While 508F is the most common mutation, it was published that the R553X mutation, which, was identified in 2 of our 24 (8.3%) patients, is rare even in families with cystic fibrosis (~1.8%) (37). Login to comment
122 The transheterozygous state (SPINK1: N34S/CFTR: R553X) in one patient, suffering from pHPT and pancreatitis at an early age, may indicate that a cumulation of genetic risk factors even increases the risk for pancreatitis. Login to comment

PMID: 18178635 [PubMed] Stanke F et al: "Diversity of the basic defect of homozygous CFTR mutation genotypes in humans."

No. Sentence Comment

3 Results: CFTR activity in sweat gland, upper airways and distal intestine was normal for homozygous carriers of G314E or L997F and in the range of F508del homozygotes for homozygous carriers of E92K, W1098L, R553X, R1162X, CFTRdele2(ins186) or CFTRdele2,3(21 kb). Login to comment
42 The homozygotes for the large out-of-frame 21 kb deletion of exons 2 and 312 of the CFTR gene (Fig 1B) or the nonsense mutation R553X showed indeed full-blown CFTR loss-of-function phenotypes in the bioassays. Login to comment
68 Loss-of-function mutations such as CFTRdele2,3(21 kb) or R553X were not distinguishable in their clinical phenotypes from those of F508del homozygotes, although the consequences at the molecular level such as nonsense mediated decay and exon skipping22 or defective maturation and trafficking of protein1 are different. Login to comment
70 Splice site mutations, for example, were associated with progressive lung disease and a Table 2 Assessment of basic defect (A): sweat tests and nasal potential difference (NPD) measurements (mV) Patient number CFTR genotype Sweat chloride concentration (mval/l) Basal PD (mV) Change in PD (mV) Day of assessment Prior tests (age) Amiloride Chloride-free + isoproterenol Out-of-frame deletion 1 CFTRdele2,3(21 kb)/CFTRdele2,3(21 kb) 103 95 (10 mo) 260 22 210 Nonsense mutation 2 R553X/R553X 96 100 (16 mo) 262 34 27 3 R1162X/R1162X 98 110 (2 y 1 mo) 248 23 24 4 R1162X/R1162X 104 112 (1 mo) 239 30 0 Splice-site mutation 5 1898+3 A-G/1898+3 A-G 73 69 (4 mo) 233 21 23 6 3849+10 kb C-T/3849+10 kb C-T 92 64 (20 y 5 mo) 244 30 212 49 (28 y 4 mo) 7 3849+10 kb C-T/3849+10 kb C-T 20 50 (11 y 2 mo) 227 12 +3 In-frame deletion 8 CFTRdele2(ins186)/CFTRdele2(ins186) 102 134 (4 mo) 245 30 21 9 CFTRdele2(ins186)/CFTRdele2(ins186) 100 119 (9 y) 248 31 28 10 CFTRdele2(ins186)/CFTRdele2(ins186) 131 100 (4 y) 258 41 212 Missense mutation 11 E92K/E92K 118 93 (8 mo) 252 20 211 12 G314E/G314E 15 43 (6 y 2 mo) 219 4 216 13 L997F/L997F 8 14 W1098L/W1098L 107 118 (2 mo) 15 M1101K/M1101K 108 120 256 33 216 16 M1101K/M1101K 130 120 264 26 215 17 M1101K/M1101K 118 229 13 210 F508del/F508del (n = 74)7 106¡22 256¡10 28¡9 28¡5 non-CF (n = 25) 16¡9 220¡10 11¡6 230¡8 Sibpairs: patients 3 & 4, 6 & 7, 9 & 10, 15, 16 & 17. Login to comment

PMID: 18304229 [PubMed] Sakamoto H et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutation associated with a congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

29 In our case, we analyzed exons 10 and 11 in the CFTR gene to evaluate the possibility of transmission of CF to newborn because common mutations such as D508, DI507, 551D, G542X, and R553X associated with CF in Caucasians was frequently identified in these exons.1 I556V found in the present case is a mutation initially reported in a French male who had asthma-like bronchopathy and chronic diarrhea, which was recently identified in 10% to 15% of Asians irrespective of chronic respiratory diseases.7 CBAVD is suggested based on the identification of azoospermia with either normal-sized or slightly smaller testes, a non-palpable vas deferens, characteristic imaging findings and the physical and biological properties of the ejaculate: small volume (<2 mL), low pH (<7), and low fructose concentration.1 Most CBAVD patients have defects in the derivatives of the wolffian duct system presenting as an absence of the distal portion of the epididymides, seminal vesicle atrophy or absence, and the absence of the vas deferens by scrotal and transrectal ultrasonography.4,5,9 However, not all men with CBAVD have extensive abnormalities of the derivatives of the wolffian duct system.5,9 Previous studies showed that seminal vesicle anomalies with either agenesis, hypoplasia, or cystic dysplasia occur in 36% to 92% of men with CBAVD.4-6,9 Jarvi et al. showed that all CBAVD patients with at least one CFTR gene mutation had abnormalities of both the seminal vesicles and ampulla of the vas deferens and that 50% of CBAVD patients with no detectable CFTR gene mutation had a normal ampulla of the vas deferens and seminal vesicles.5 Therefore, the frequency and severity of the wolffian duct malformations in the CBAVD patients may be related directly to the CFTR genotype.5 Moreover, previous studies report that 11% to 21% of CBAVD patients had renal agenesis.6,9 Renal agenesis has been reported to occur predominately in men with a congenital absence of vas deferens (CAVD) without CFTR gene mutations.9 However, Casales et al. showed CFTR gene mutations in five of 16 CAVD patients (bilateral absence in six, and unilateral absence in 10) with renal agenesis.6 In addition, CAVD may also be associated with cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia.6 The prevalence of the CFTR gene mutation carrier in the Japanese population may be approximate to that of the Caucasian.1,2 Moreover, infertile patients with CBAVD can now be treated by assisted reproduction technology.1 Genetic counseling may be recommended for any couple attempting assisted reproduction technology when the man has defects of the vas deferens.1-3,8 References 1 Jarzabek K, Zbucka M, Pepiñski W et al. Cystic fibrosis as a cause of infertility. Login to comment

PMID: 18344710 [PubMed] Madore AM et al: "Distribution of CFTR mutations in Saguenay- Lac-Saint-Jean: proposal of a panel of mutations for population screening."

No. Sentence Comment

48 Altogether, the six mutations represent 95.89% of the CFTR allele of CF patients in the SLSJ population, whereas the proportions are 86.85, 85.27, and Table 2 Cystic fibrosis mutations present in the four populations studied Mutationa Allelic frequency (number of alleles [%]) Populationb 1 2 3 4 „F508 106 (62.35) 55 (72.37) 398 (72.36) 67 (57.78) 621 ؉ 1G>T 42 (24.71) 6 (7.89) 30 (5.45) 1 (0.85) A455E 12 (7.06) 2 (2.63) 14 (2.55) 1 (0.85) 3199del6 1 (0.59) 1 (1.32) 7 (1.27) 1 (0.85) 711 ؉ 1G>T 1 (0.59) 1 (1.32) 15 (2.73) 1 (0.85) Y1092X 1 (0.59) 1 (1.32) 5 (0.91) 0 R117C 2 (1.18) 0 0 0 ‚I507 1 (0.59) 2 (2.63) 10 (1.82) 0 L206W 1 (0.59) 1 (1.32) 9 (1.64) 0 R1158X 1 (0.59) 0 0 0 S489X 1 (0.59) 0 1 (0.18) 0 R553X 0 2 (2.63) 2 (0.36) 0 R334W 0 1 (1.32) 2 (0.36) 0 G542X 0 0 10 (1.82) 0 G85E 0 0 6 (1.09) 5 (4.24) N1303K 0 0 5 (0.91) 1 (0.85) IVS8-5T 0 0 4 (0.73) 0 W1282X 0 0 3 (0.55) 7 (5.93) R347P 0 0 1 (0.18) 2 (1.69) V520F 0 0 1 (0.18) 0 I1027T 0 0 1 (0.18) 0 R1066C/IVS 0 0 1 (0.18) 0 Q1313X 0 0 1 (0.18) 0 1898ϩ3GϾA 0 0 1 (0.18) 0 2183AAϾG 0 0 1 (0.18) 0 2951insA 0 0 1 (0.18) 0 G551D 0 0 0 2 (1.69) 1525-iG-A 0 0 0 2 (1.69) Y109C 0 0 0 1 (0.85) S549N 0 0 0 1 (0.85) 3154del1G 0 0 0 1 (0.85) UNKNOWN 1 (0.59) 4 (5.26) 20 (3.82) 25 (21.19) Number of alleles genotypedc 170 (100) 76 (100) 550 (100) 118 (100) a The six mutations included in the panels proposed are in bold. Login to comment

PMID: 18373402 [PubMed] Lakeman P et al: "CFTR mutations in Turkish and North African cystic fibrosis patients in Europe: implications for screening."

No. Sentence Comment

113 Identity and Frequency of CFTR Mutations on Unrelated Turkish (Tr) and North African (NA) CF alleles Total number of allelesa Number of CF patients with this mutationb Mutation Exon All Tr NA Homozygote Compound heterozygote: two mutations found Compound heterozygote: one mutation found F508delc 10 73 33 40 27 11 6 N1303K 21 22 12 10 10 5 2 711 þ 1G > T Intron 5 14 - 14 7 2 0 G542X 11 14 6 8 7 1 0 R1162X 19 11 - 11 1 5 2 2183AA > G 13 9 9 - 3 3 1 W1282X 20 7 3 4 2 3 1 2789 þ 5G > A Intron 14b 6 3 3 1 4 1 L227R 6a 4 - 4 3 1 0 1677delTA 10 4 4 - 2 1 1 2184insA 13 4 4 - 1 2 0 R334W 7 4 4 - 1 1 1 G85E 3 4 3 1 1 2 0 R709X 13 3 - 3 2 0 0 L732X 13 3 3 - 2 0 0 2184delA 13 3 3 - 0 3 0 del exon 1-4d 1-4 3 3 - 1 1 0 del exon 19 19 2 2 - 2 0 0 3849 þ 10kbC > T Intron 19 2 - 2 1 0 0 S549N 11 2 1 1 0 1 1 3120 þ G > A Intron 16 2 2 - 1 0 0 3601-2A > G Intron 18 2 2 - 1 0 0 D1152H 18 2 2 - 1 0 0 E1104X 17b 2 - 2 1 0 0 S1159F 19 2 2 - 1 0 0 S977F 16 2 - 2 0 1 0 2347delG 13 2 - 2 1 0 0 4096-3C > G Intron 21 1 1 - 1 0 0 E831X 14a 1 1 - 1 0 0 L619S 13 1 1 - 1 0 0 1525-1G > Ac Intron 9 1 1 - 1 0 0 F1052V 17b 1 1 - 1 0 0 3130delA 17a 1 1 - 1 0 0 R352Q 7 1 - 1 0 1 0 1812-1G > A Intron 11 1 - 1 0 1 0 R553X 11 1 - 1 0 0 1 IVS8-5T Intron 8 1 1 - 0 1 0 R1066C 17b 1 - 1 0 1 0 3129del4 17a 1 - 1 0 1 0 D110H 4 1 1 - 0 1 0 R117H 4 1 - 1 0 1 0 S945L 15 1 - 1 0 1 0 1716G=A 10 1 - 1 0 0 1 711 þ 3A > G Intron 5 1 1 - 0 1 0 R75X 3 1 1 - 0 1 0 R764X 13 1 - 1 0 1 0 S1196X 19 1 1 - 0 1 0 S492F 10 1 - 1 0 1 0 G551D 11 1 - 1 1 0 0 del exon 2 2 1 1 - 1 0 0 Subtotal 231 113 118 - No mutation 80 63 17 - Total 311 176 135 88 60 18 a n ¼ 311 alleles, based on 166 CF patients (332 alleles) with both parents and 22 CF patients (22 alleles) with one parent from Turkey or North Africa, minus 43 alleles of homozygous CF patients with consanguineous parents of whom only one allele was taken into account. Login to comment

PMID: 18470946 [PubMed] Berwouts S et al: "Evaluation and use of a synthetic quality control material, included in the European external quality assessment scheme for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

72 The MMQCI-CF-P1 control distributed to EQA participants contained six homozygous mutations and one polymorphism: R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X), I507del (c.1519_1521delATC, p.Ile507del), R117 H (c.350G4A, p.Arg117His), 394delTT (c.262_263delTT, p.Leu88fs), 2183AA4G (c.2051_2052delAAinsG, p.Lys684fs), R347 H (c.1040G4A, p.Arg347His), and 5 T (c.1210-12T[5]). Login to comment
78 Since MMQCI-CF-P1 is not fully compatible with the ElucigeneTM (Tepnel Molecular Diagnostics, Abingdon, United Kingdom) CF kits due to insufficient intronic DNA sequence being included in the MMQCI`s synthetic constructs of exon 11, a missed R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X) mutation was not counted as an error by users of this method. Login to comment
142 A total of three laboratories, using INNO-LiPA assay (Innogenetics NV, Gent, Belgium), reported a very weak signal for wild-type R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X) apart from a signal for mutant R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X), which indicates a heterozygous R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X) mutation. Login to comment
143 Two of the laboratories that saw this weak signal for wild-type R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X) also reported weak mutant signals for Q552X (c.1654C4T, p.Gln552X) or G542X (c.1624G4T, p.Gly542X), possibly indicating DNA overload. Login to comment
144 The Q552X (c.1654C4T, p.Gln552X) wild-type and mutant signal should disappear when R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X) homozygous is present, using INNO-LiPA. Login to comment
153 These very faint signals for wild-type R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X), wild-type R117H (c.350G4A, p.Arg117His), mutant G542X (c.1624G4T, p.Gly542X), and mutant A455E (c.1364C4A, p.Ala455Glu) signal were often not visible to the assessors on the copies of the raw data. Login to comment
157 ErrorTypes for the QCS in More Detail, for the LaboratoriesThat Used Only One Detection AssayÃ Genotype error Genotype Detection assay Number of labs Expected Reported Comment OLA-CFASR v2.0 1 R117 H hom ^ Correct on raw data INNO-LiPA CFTR36 1 R117 H hom R117 H het No signal for wt R117 H visible on copy of the raw data, could be very weak on original raw data INNO-LiPA CFTR36 1 R553X hom R553X het No signal for wt R553X visible on copy of the raw data, could be very weak on original raw dataI507del hom I507del/F508del Sequencing 2 R347 H hom ^ No complete raw data received Sequencing 1 I507del hom ^ No raw data received Additional mutation(s) reported Detection assay Number of labs Additional mutation(s) Comment OLA-CFASR v3.0 US 1 2184delAa hom Software called it INNO-LiPA CFTR36 3 A455E het (3labs), F508del (1lab) No signal for mut A455E visible on copy of the raw data, could be very weak on original raw data ARMS-ElucigeneTM CF29 3 2184delAa (3labs), R347P (3labs), 1717-1G4A (3labs), 3849110kbC4T (2labs) Cross reaction with 2183AA4Gb and R347 H and no full compatibility of MMQCI-CF-P1and ARMS method: no control bands visible ARMS-ElucigeneTM CF29 1CF-HT 1 2184delAa , R347P Cross reaction with 2183AA4Gb and R347H Sequencing 1 W1282X het, N1303 K het No raw data received ASPE-CFTR 4014 Tag-It 1 71111G4T het No raw data received Genotype error 1 additional mutation(s) reported Genotype Detection assay Number of labs Expected Reported Comment Additional mutation(s) Comment OLA-CFASR v3.0 EU 1 R117 H hom ^ No raw data received; probably 2183AA4Gb missed, but 2184delAa reported due to cross reaction 2184delAa hom No raw data received, probably due to cross-reaction with 2183AA4Gb 394delTTc hom 394delTTc het 2183AA4Gb hom ^ INNO-LiPA CFTR36 1 R553X hom I507del hom R553X het I507del/ F508del No signal for wt R553X visible on copy of the raw data, could be very weak on original raw data G542X het A455E het No signal for mut G542X and mut A455E visible on copy of the raw data, could be very weak on original raw data INNO-LiPA CFTR36 1 Italian regional 1 R553X hom R553X het No signal for wt R553X visible on copy of the raw data, could be very weak on original raw data Q552X het Misinterpretation: wt and mut signal for Q552X not visible, but this is a normal reaction pattern when R553X is hom present; the lab reported R553X het ARMS-ElucigeneTM CF29 1 I507del hom ^ No full compatibility of MMQCI- CF-P1 and ARMS method: no control bands R347P Cross-reaction with R347H2183AA4Gb hom ^ ÃIf the zygosity is not mentioned in the table, the laboratory did not report it. Login to comment
169 Further, this version of the QCS did not contain sufficient sequence for the ElucigeneTM CF29 to detect R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X), but the revised ElucigeneTM CF29 v2 can now detect R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X) in the QCS. Login to comment
188 However, the lack of control bands for ARMS and the inability of ElucigeneTM CF29 to detect R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X) in the QCS are due to an incompatibility of the control with the detection methods. Login to comment
191 For example, reporting the weak bands for wild-type R553X (c.1657C4T, p.Arg553X) and R117 H (c.350G4A, p.Arg117His), mutant G542X (c.1624G4T, p.Gly542X) and A455E (c.1364C4A, p.Ala455Glu) seen by some of the laboratories using the INNO-LiPA assay could be explained in this respect. Login to comment

PMID: 18535191 [PubMed] Adler AI et al: "Genetic determinants and epidemiology of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes: results from a British cohort of children and adults."

No. Sentence Comment

54 Genotypes associated with cystic fibrosis were coded into five established classes reflecting CFTR function of defective production, processing, regulation, conductance, and quantity of CFTR protein (12) as follows: I: G542X, R553X, W1282X, R1162X, 621-1G3T, 1717- 1G3 A, 1078⌬T, and 3659⌬C; II: ⌬F508, ⌬I507, N1303K, and S549N; III: G551Dand R560T; IV: R117H, R334W, G85E, and R347P; V: 3849ϩ5G3A, and A455E; and unknown: 711ϩIG3 T, 2184DA, and 1898ϩIG3 A. Login to comment

PMID: 18567645 [PubMed] Radpour R et al: "Genetic investigations of CFTR mutations in congenital absence of vas deferens, uterus, and vagina as a cause of infertility."

No. Sentence Comment

36 Examples include the G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X, and N1303K mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 18639722 [PubMed] Farrell PM et al: "Guidelines for diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in newborns through older adults: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation consensus report."

No. Sentence Comment

142 Recommended panel of CF-causing mutations Missense, deletion, stop mutations Splicing, frameshift mutations G85E I507del R560T 621ϩ1GϾT 2789ϩ5GϾA R117H F508del R1162X 711ϩ1GϾT 3120ϩ1GϾA R334W G542X W1282X 1717-1GϾA 3659delC R347P G551D N1303K 1898ϩ1GϾA 3849ϩ10kbCϾT A455E R553X 2184delA Revised from the mutation panel for population screening for CF developed by the ACMG.77 Additional or alternative mutations present at significant frequencies in an ethnic population served by an NBS program may be added. Login to comment

PMID: 18685558 [PubMed] Dequeker E et al: "Best practice guidelines for molecular genetic diagnosis of cystic fibrosis and CFTR-related disorders--updated European recommendations."

No. Sentence Comment

35 CFTR mutations may Table 1 Methods for CFTR gene mutation detection most frequently used in Europe Methods for the detection of known mutations Mutations detected Advantages Limits and pitfalls Heteroduplex analysis (strictly speaking a scanning method) Mainly F508del and I507del Other microinsertions/deletions (2 bp minimum): 394delTT (Northern Europe), 1677delTA (Black Sea countries), 1609delCA (Spain) Simple and rapid Migration pattern not specific for a given mutation Restriction enzyme analysis (restriction sites can be natural or created by the use of modified primers) Mainly specific individual mutations Possibly a small number of mutations can be combined in one assay Simple and rapid Useful for cascade carrier testing in case of rare mutations Not specific, especially if site abolition (eg, G551D and R553X abolish the same Hinc II site, and W1282X and R1283M the same Mnl I site) Reverse dot blot hybridization Up to 20 mutations per multiplex Appropriate for large series Innogenetics (Inno LiPA)a 36 mutations Good specificity ARMS (amplification refractory mutation system) Up to 20 mutations Appropriate for large series Design of primers is difficult Results are based on the absence of PCR product Tepnel (Elucigene)a 28-30 mutations Good specificity OLA (oligonucleotide ligation assay) Appropriate for large series Abbott Molecular (Cystic Fibrosis Genotyping Assay)a 32 mutations Good specificity Methods for the detection of unknown mutations DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) DGGE, DHPLC, SSCP and Sequencing: High sensitivity (495%) Difficult to set up; difficult automation Can miss isostable mutations in the homozygous state DHPLC (denaturing high performance liquid chromatography) Aiming to detect all mutations of small bp in the coding regions and intronic boundaries High sensitivity (495%) Generally miss homozygous mutations Need sequencing of polymorphism-rich regions SSCP (single strand conformation polymorphism) Simple and rapid to set up Sensitivity 80-85% Sequencing (as a first-line method or confirmation after a scanning technique) Close to 100% sensitivity Quantitative fluorescent multiplex PCR MLPA (multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification) Aiming to detect deletions, insertions, and duplications All coding regions Simple and rapid Sensitive to extraction methods Duplications may be difficult to evidence a Commercially available methods are indicated in italics be missed by scanning techniques, especially when homozygous, and even direct sequencing cannot identify 100% of mutations. Login to comment
144 A (T)5 variant can either be associated with (TG)11, (TG)12, (TG)13, and rarely (TG)15 repeats.74 When (T)5 is found in diagnostic testing, for example, for CBAVD or atypical presentation, determination of Table 4 Classification of CFTR mutations with regard to their potential for causing disease Mutation group Examples CF-causing F508del Mainly nonsense, frameshift, splicing (invariant dinucleotide): G542X, R553X, W1282X, 2183AA4G, 3659delC, 1717-1G4A, 3120+1G4A Missense that severely affects CFTR synthesis or function: G551D, N1303K, R347P 2789+5G4A, 3849+10kbC4T, 3272-26A4G, L206Wa , D1152Ha , (TG)13(T)5a CFTR-related disorders associated L206Wa , D1152Ha , (TG)13(T)5a [R117H;(T)7], (TG)12(T)5, L997F, V562I, [R668C;G576A;D443Y], [R74W;D1270N] (TG)11(T)5b , S1235Rb No clinical consequences 875+40A4G, M470V (1540A4G), I506V (1648A4G), F508C (1655T4G), 1716G4A, 2694T4G, 4002A4G, 2752-15G4C (TG)11(T)5b , S1235Rb Unproven or uncertain clinical relevance Mainly missense mutations G622D, R170H, V938G, I125T Putative splice mutations: 406-6T4C, 2752-26A4G, 3601-17T4C Only a fraction of mutations and patients have been characterized in detail and, with the exception of frequent mutations, only small numbers of patients have been available for the study of most mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 18782298 [PubMed] Sharma N et al: "Identification and characterization of CFTR gene mutations in Indian CF patients."

No. Sentence Comment

41 Seven other mutations were searched for by either single ARMS PCR (R117H, N1303K, and R553X) or by multiplex ARMS PCR (621 + 1G-T, G542X, G551D, W1282X). Login to comment
64 R117H, R553X, N1303K & G551D were identified by ARMS on a total of five chromosomes. Login to comment
96 Table 2 Genotypes of CF subjects (n=50) Genotype Number of subjects Delta F508/Delta F508 5 Delta F508/3849+10kb C-T 1 Delta F508/S549N 2 Delta F508/S158N 1 Delta F508/Y1381H 1 Delta F508/1525-1 G-A 2 V520F/R117H 1 I530L/I530L 1 876-6del4/876-6del4 1 1792ins A/1792insA 1 3986-3987delC/3986-3987delC 1 Delta F508/U 10 1161 delC/U 2 L69H/U 1 R117H/U 1 Q493L/U 1 Y517C/U 1 S549N/U 3 G551D/U 1 E1329Q/U 1 N1303K/U 1 Y1381H/U 1 L218X/U 1 R553X/U 1 1525-1G-A/U 3 3120+1G-A/U 2 3849+10kb C-T/U 2 U/U 1 U-unidentified Table 3 Outcome prediction scores of novel substitution mutations identified in Indian CF patients Wild type Mutant Position Output Reliablity Prediction L H 69 0.5210 0 Pathological S N 158 0.3304 3 Neutral Q L 493 0.7784 5 Pathological I L 530 0.0591 8 Neutral E Q 1329 0.1018 7 Neutral Molecular Modelling and Bioinformatics (MMB) program (http://mmb.pcb.ub.es/PMut/) was used for pathological predictions of novel sequence variants. Login to comment
113 We first identified five of the mutations by ARMS (Delta F508, R117H, R553X, N1303K & G551D) and one by restriction digestion (3849+10kbC-T) and later identified by SSCP eight known (Y517C, V520F, S549N, Y1381H, 1525-1G-A, 3120+1G-A, 1161delC and L218X) and eight previously unreported mutations (L69H, S158N, Q493L, I530L, E1329Q, 876-6del4, 1792insA and 3986-3987delC). Login to comment

PMID: 18810634 [PubMed] Sharma N et al: "Implication of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene in infertile family members of Indian CF patients."

No. Sentence Comment

39 R117H, N1303K, and R553X mutations were analyzed by single ARMS PCR, and 621 ? Login to comment

PMID: 18953248 [PubMed] Frulloni L et al: "Clinical and radiological outcome of patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis associated with gene mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

31 All patients were tested for 25 CFTR gene mutations ($F508, $I507, R117H, R1162X, 2183AAYG, N1303K, 3849 + 10KbCYT, G542X, G551D, 1717-1GYA, R347P, R352Q, R553X, Q552X, G85E, 711 + 5GYA, W1282X, 3272-26AYG, 3132delTG, R334W, I148T, 3659del_C, 3120 + 1GYA, 1898 + 1GYA, and 2789 + 5GYA), which cover approximately 72% of the cystic fibrosis mutations in the Italian population. Login to comment

PMID: 19092437 [PubMed] Moskowitz SM et al: "Clinical practice and genetic counseling for cystic fibrosis and CFTR-related disorders."

No. Sentence Comment

31 Pulmonary disease is the major cause of morbidity and Table 1 Classification scheme for CFTR mutations112 Mutation class Effect on CFTR protein Mechanisms I Reduced or absent synthesis Nonsense, frameshift, or splice junction mutations II Block in protein processing Missense mutations or amino acid deletions III Block in regulation of CFTR chloride channel Missense mutations IV Altered conductance of CFTR chloride channel Missense mutations V Reduced amounts of functioning CFTR protein Missense or splice junction mutations Table 2 Phenotypes of 10 most common CFTR alleles in whites with CF41 Mutation Relative frequency (%)a Functional classb Phenotypec ⌬F508 66.0 II Classic G542X 2.4 I Classic G551D 1.6 III Classic N1303K 1.3 II Classic W1282X 1.2 I Classic R553X 0.7 I Classic 621ϩ1GϾT 0.7 I Classic 1717-1GϾA 0.6 I Classic R117H 0.3 IV Nonclassic R1162X 0.3 Not cleard Classic a Calculated using total CFTR alleles as the denominator. Login to comment
56 Liver disease is second to pulmonary disease (plus organ transplantation complications) as a cause of mortality in CF (1.7% of deaths).26 Table 3 Core mutation panel carrier recommended by the ACMG for routine CF diagnostic testing and carrier screening of the general population7 Intronic mutations Exonic mutations Missense Nonsense In-Frame Deletion 621ϩ1GϾT G85E G542X ⌬I507 711ϩ1GϾT R117H R553X ⌬F508 1717-1GϾA R334W R1162X 1898ϩ1GϾA R347P W1282X 2184delA A455E 2789ϩ5GϾA G551D 3120ϩ1GϾA R560T 3659delC N1303K 3849ϩ10kbCϾT Endocrine manifestations of CF CF-related diabetes mellitus (CFRDM) may present in adolescence. Login to comment

PMID: 19176844 [PubMed] Tummler B et al: "Transient correction of the basic defect in sweat glands in an individual with cystic fibrosis carrying the complex CFTR allele F508del-R553Q."

No. Sentence Comment

1 An individual with the CFTR genotype R553X/F508del-R553Q showed the typical symptoms and electrophysiological anomalies of cystic fibrosis in the airways and intestine. Login to comment
8 The R553X/F508del- R5553Q index case showed a strong increase in sweat electrolytes from infancy to adulthood. Login to comment
23 The clinical characteristics of the R553X/F508del-R553Q subject were similar to those of R553X/F508del compound heterozygotes.2 Moreover, even in the sweat gland, the basic defect was corrected only early in life, but faded over the years, indicating that aging mechanisms abolished the rescue by R553Q in the morphologically inconspicuous tissue. Login to comment

PMID: 19181743 [PubMed] Sharma N et al: "Heterogenous spectrum of CFTR gene mutations in Indian patients with congenital absence of vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

55 We next screened R117H, N1303K and R553X each by single ARMS PCR and 621 þ 1G-T, G542X, G551D and W1282X by multiplex ARMS PCR. Login to comment

PMID: 19372188 [PubMed] Bickmann JK et al: "A novel approach to CFTR mutation testing by pyrosequencing-based assay panels adapted to ethnicities."

No. Sentence Comment

62 We had initially focused on CF mutations potentially prevalent in our local, ethnically mixed, but mainly German population: F508del, I507del, 1677delTA, R347P, G542X, G551D, R553X, N1303K, 1717-1GϾA, 3849ϩ10kb CϾT, CFTRdele2,3 (21 kb), R117H, 1342-6 (T)n (5T/7T/9T) (reported by our laboratory only if a R117H allele was present, unless genetic analysis served to investigate a case of CBAVD or atypical mild CF), and the (TG)n region starting at base position 1342-12 of IVS 8 (exclusively tested in the case of a 5T allele) (Fig. 1, boldface text), with an expected sensitivity of 85% among German patients. Login to comment
100 Diagnostic evaluation of the PSQ-based first-level testing of a predominantly German CF population.a Panethnic population Clinical diagnosis All patients Sweat test-confirmed CF Suspected atypical CF Carrier screening Chromosomes, n 310 184 96 30 PSQ screen 168 (54.2%) 158 (85.9%) 5 (5.2%) 5 (33.3%) Conventional sequencing 25 (8.1%) 25 (13.6%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) Total detected alleles 193 (62.3%) 183 (99.5%) 5 (5.2%) 5 (33.3%) German ethnicity Other ethnicities Clinical diagnosis Sweat test-confirmed CF Sweat test-confirmed CF Chromosomes, n 146 38 PSQ screen F508del 106 (72.6%) 14 (36.8%) I507del 1 (0.7%) 1 (2.6%) 1677delTA 0 (0%) 2 (5.3%) G551D 6 (4.1%) 0 (0%) R553X 2 (1.4%) 0 (0%) Q552X 1 (0.7%) 0 (0%) G542X 2 (1.4%) 1 (2.6%) S549N 0 (0%) 2 (5.3%) W1282X 1 (0.7%) 3 (7.9%) R117H 1 (0.7%) 0 (0%) 1342-12 (TG)11-5T 0 (0%) 0 (0%) R347P 2 (1.4%) 1 (2.6%) 3849ϩ10kb CϾT 2 (1.4%) 0 (0%) N1303K 3 (2.1%) 3 (7.9%) 1717-1 GϾA 1 (0.7%) 0 (0%) CFTRdele2,3 (21 kb) 2 (1.4%) 1 (2.6%) Sum 130 (89.0%) 28 (73.7%) Conventional sequencing 16 (11.0%) 9 (23.7%) Total detected alleles 146 (100%) 37 (97.4%) a Data are presented as the number of chromosomes (percent). Login to comment
108 A second patient was genotyped as F508del/ I507delinourlaboratorybuthadpreviouslybeencharac- terized as homozygous for F508del, and a third patient was F508del/G551D in our laboratory and F508del/ R553X in the other laboratory. Login to comment
110 Furthermore, the analysis of control samples clearly demonstrated that PSQ reliably distinguished G551D and R553X (Fig. 1 in the online DataSupplement),aswellasF508delandI507del(Fig.3). Login to comment
111 BecauseformermethodsoftenusedtomistakeG551Dfor R553X, and I507del for the more common mutation F508del, and because both samples had been genotyped several years before, an error during precharacterization seemed the most probable explanation for the discrepancy. Login to comment
129 Furthermore, the PSQ-based first-level test avoids common pitfalls, as do the most recent assays: It correctly discriminates G551D and R553X, as well as I507del and F508del (Fig. 3; see Fig. 1 in the online Data Supplement), thus obviating reflex testing for benign sequence variations such as I506V, I507V, and F508C. Login to comment
153 The fact that simultaneously detecting some mutations (e.g.: F508del, 1677delTA, and I507del; G542X and S549N; or G551D, R553X, and Q552X) within a single assay improves the sensitivity of each PSQ run underlines even further the advantages that arise from detecting neighboring mutations as well as the target mutation within one assay (Table 2). Login to comment

PMID: 19645745 [PubMed] Shah U et al: "Cystic fibrosis: defining a disease under-diagnosed in Pakistan."

No. Sentence Comment

51 Common mutations such as DF508, S549R, S549N, Y569D, 296 + 12(T>C), R553X, G551D and G551X were screened by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction using published oligonucleotide sequences as template primers (Kerem et al. 1989; Riordan et al. 1989; Rommens et al. 1989; : Collins 1992b). Login to comment
60 The remaining 150 samples were tested by PCR for DF508, S549N, S549R, Y569D, 296 + 12(T>C), R553X, G551D, G551X (Table 1). Login to comment
81 These mutations were S549N, S549R, Y569D, 296 + 12(T>C), R553X, G551D and G551X. Login to comment
84 Some of the common mutations detected on PCR in our study, such as the S549N and S549R, were not confirmed by sequencing. We did confirm the results of one patient who was a compound heterozygote for the DF508 / S549N Table 1 Frequencies of mutations identified by allele specific PCR Mutations Homozygous Heterozygous delF508 12 14 S549N 0 1 S549R 1 19 Y569D 0 0 296 + 12(T>C) 0 0 R553X 0 0 G551D 0 0 G551X 0 0 Table 2 Mutations identified by sequencing Exon Sequenced (n) Mutations identified (n) Exon 10 87 4 Exon 11 43 1 Exon 12 29 0 Tropical Medicine and International Health volume 14 no 5 pp 542-545 may 2009 U. Shah et al. Cystic fibrosis in Pakistan ª 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd mutation and had very aggressive disease. Login to comment

PMID: 19648261 [PubMed] Montgomery GS et al: "Cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

31 Twelve of the most common mutations account for 85% of CF genotypes in North American patients and include deltaF508, G542X, G551D, W1282X, W1303K, and R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 19724303 [PubMed] Sanz J et al: "The CFTR frameshift mutation 3905insT and its effect at transcript and protein level."

No. Sentence Comment

145 Hum Genet 1997; 100: 220-223. 9 Liechti-Gallati S, Bonsall I, Malik N et al: Genotype/phenotype association in cystic fibrosis: analyses of the delta F508, R553X, and 3905insT mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 19760540 [PubMed] Lommatzsch ST et al: "Genetics of cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

99 They also found an association with ~F508 and R117H in addition to Q493X, R560T, R553X, and 621 þ 1(G!T).34 Noone et al found an association between chronic pancreatitis and the 5T allele associated with complex alleles or in CFTR compound heterozygotes, but no significantly increased frequency has been found with the 5T allele alone.36,39 Finally, there appears to be an additive effect with being a CFTR compound heterozygote and the presence of N34S mutations of the pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI).36,39 These studies demonstrate the increased risk of chronic pancreatitis due to an abnormally functioning CFTR protein (but may be due to just one mutant CFTR allele37 ). Login to comment

PMID: 19780730 [PubMed] Massie J et al: "Population-based carrier screening for cystic fibrosis in Victoria: the first three years experience."

No. Sentence Comment

103 Although we have promoted the uptake of CF carrier screening to both partners in the relationship it is evident Table 1 Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations identified in 2006-2008 CFTR gene mutation n p.508del 96 W1282X 5 c.3718-2477C > T 5 p.G551D 3 p.G542X 1 p.N1303K 1 p.507del 1 p.R560T 1 p.R553X 1 c.489+1G > T 1 p.V520F 0 c.1585-1G > A 0 Total 115 Carrierscreeningforcysticfibrosis (c)2009TheAuthors487 Journalcompilation(c)2009TheRoyalAustralianandNewZealandCollegeofObstetriciansandGynaecologists;49:484-489 Table 2 Carrier couples detected by cystic fibrosis population screening program, Victoria 2006-2008 Subjects Timing of CF carrier test (gestation) Conception Parents genotype Counselling Prenatal diagnosis Status of pregnancy Future plans 1 Pre-pregnancy Natural Both Genetic counsellor and CF physician CVS 12 weeks Termination of pregnancy 2008: Second pregnancy: CVS: carrier p508delp.508del Affected (p.508del/p.508del) 2 10 weeks Natural Both Genetic counsellor and CF physician CVS 12 weeks Continued p.508del Unaffected (no mutations) 3 11 weeks Natural Both Genetic counsellor CVS 13 weeks Continued p.508del Carrier (p.508del/-) 4 10 weeks Natural Both Genetic counsellor CVS 13 weeks Continued p.508del Carrier (p.508del/-) 5 11 weeks Natural Both Genetic counsellor CVS 13 weeks Continued p.508del Unaffected (no mutations) 6* 9 weeks IVF Both Genetic counsellor and CF physician CVS 12 weeks Termination of pregnancy Currently undergoing IVF conception with PGD.p.508del Affected (p.508del/p.508del) 7 Pre-pregnancy Not applicable Both Genetic counsellor and CF physician CVS 12 weeks Continued Did not attend PGD, established natural pregnancy 2 months after seen by genetic counsellor and respiratory physician p.508del Carrier p.508del 8** Pre-pregnancy Not applicable Both Genetic counsellor Not applicable Not applicable Likely to pursue PGD p.508del 9*** Pre-pregnancy Not applicable c.3718-2477C > T, Genetic counsellor and CF physician Not applicable Not applicable Likely to pursue PGD p.W1282X *This couple had an IVF pregnancy but were not offered carrier screening until nine weeks gestation. Login to comment
38 The following 12 mutations were screened using a polymerase chain reaction multiplex: p.508del, p.G551D, p.G542X, p.N1303K, c.1585-1G > A, p.I507del, p.R560T, p.W1282X, p.V520F, c.489+1G > T, p.R553X and c.3718-2477C > T. Login to comment

PMID: 19843100 [PubMed] Burgel PR et al: "Non-classic cystic fibrosis associated with D1152H CFTR mutation."

No. Sentence Comment

42 The CF genetic analysis panel used in France seeks for 32 mutations: G85E, 394delTT, 621+1G>T, 711+1G>T, R334W, R347P, R347H, 1078delT, 5T/7T/9T, A455E, F508del, I507del, V520F, 1717-1G>A, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, S549R (T>G), S549N, 1898+1G>A, 2183AA>G, 2184delA, 2789+5G>A, 3120+1G>A, R1162X, 3659delC, 3849+10kbC>T, W1282X, 3905insT, 3876delA, N1303K. Login to comment

PMID: 19897426 [PubMed] Picci L et al: "A 10-year large-scale cystic fibrosis carrier screening in the Italian population."

No. Sentence Comment

48 Forty-seven different CFTR mutations/gene alterations were chosen and analysed: ΔF508, G85E, 541delC, D110H, R117H, 621+1G→T, 711+5G→A, R334W, R334Q, T338I, R347H, R347P, R352Q, S466X, ΔI507, E527G, 1717-1G→A, 1717-8G→A, G542X, S549N, S549R A→C, G551D, Q552X, R553X, D579G, 1874insT, E585X, 1898+3A→G, 2183AA→G, 2184delA, R709X, 2789+5G→A, 3132delTG, 3199del6, 3272-26A→G, L1077P, L1065P, R1066H, M1101K, D1152H, R1158X, R1162X, 3849+10KbC→T, G1244E, W1282X, N1303K and 4016insT. Login to comment
97 CF mutation General adult population MAR population n=1879 n=236 ΔF508 42.6 45.7 2183AA→G 5.9 5.9 R1162X 5.7 8.2 N1303K 5.4 5.9 G542X 4.2 3.7 D1152H 3.9 5.0 R553X 3.7 3.1 R117H 3.3 1.8 711+5G→A 2.8 4.1 Q552X 2.8 0.4 2789+5G→A 2.2 3.1 1717-1G→A 2.6 2.8 E527G 2.4 - G85E 2.4 0.9 R334Q 0.9 0.4 W1282X 0.7 0.9 R334W 0.6 - 1898+3A→G 0.5 0.4 R1158X 0.4 - R1066H 0.4 0.4 T338I 0.4 1.8 3849+10Kb C→T 0.4 1.3 3272-26 A→G - 0.9 3132delTG - 0.9 3659 del C - 0.4 4016 ins T - 0.4 1717-8G→A - 0.4 R347H - 0.4 ΔI507 - 0.4 R1070Q - 0.4 Other (16) 5.4 - Table 2a List of CFTR compound heterozygotes in the adult general population. Mutation Health status Disorder Gender Age (years) Notes and refs ΔF508/A238V Infertile CBAVD M 36 (A) ΔF508/R352W Infertile CBAVD M 45 (A) R553X/R334Q M 38 ΔF508/R347H M 53 [17] S42F/D372E (1251T→G) M 39 (A) (B) ΔF508/D110H Infertile M 38 ΔF508/L1414S (4373T→C) Infertile CBAVD M 44 (A) (B) ΔF508/V201M, D1270N & R74W Infertile CBAVD M 44 (A) [18,19] 2183AA→G/L206W Infertile CBAVD M 40 (A) 711+5G→A/ L206W Infertile CBAVD M 40 (A) Table 2b List of CFTR compound heterozygotes in the population enrolled for medically assisted reproduction. Login to comment

PMID: 19917960 [PubMed] Berk DR et al: "Aquagenic wrinkling of the palms in cystic fibrosis: comparison with controls and genotype-phenotype correlations."

No. Sentence Comment

57 (%) 12 (46) 23 (52) Mean age, y 9.3 11.5 CFTR genotype NA ⌬F508/⌬F508 27 ⌬F508/unidentified 4 ⌬F508/R553X 2 ⌬F508/1898 ϩ 1G ~ A 2 ⌬F508/G542X 1 ⌬F508/G551D 1 ⌬F508/W1282X 1 ⌬F508/1717 ϩ 1G ~ A 1 ⌬F508/3120 ϩ 1G ~ A 1 ⌬F508/3849 ϩ 10KBC→T 1 ⌬F508/S1251N 1 R560T/unidentified 1 2184insA/4357 2A→G 1 Abbreviations: CF, cystic fibrosis; NA, not applicable. Login to comment
59 (%) 12 (46) 23 (52) Mean age, y 9.3 11.5 CFTR genotype NA ⌬F508/⌬F508 27 ⌬F508/unidentified 4 ⌬F508/R553X 2 ⌬F508/1898 ϩ 1G ~ A 2 ⌬F508/G542X 1 ⌬F508/G551D 1 ⌬F508/W1282X 1 ⌬F508/1717 ϩ 1G ~ A 1 ⌬F508/3120 ϩ 1G ~ A 1 ⌬F508/3849 ϩ 10KBC→T 1 ⌬F508/S1251N 1 R560T/unidentified 1 2184insA/4357 2A→G 1 Abbreviations: CF, cystic fibrosis; NA, not applicable. Login to comment

PMID: 19942933 [PubMed] Faucz FR et al: "CFTR allelic heterogeneity in Brazil: historical and geographical perspectives and implications for screening and counseling for cystic fibrosis in this country."

No. Sentence Comment

46 cHomogeneity test between the two previous PR and SC results and RS35: mutations p.N1303 K, p. R1162X, p.W1282X and p.R553X and the mutations p.G85E, c.2183AA4G and 'other` were grouped for the test. Login to comment
174 Prevalence of deltaF508, G551D, G542X, and R553X mutations among cystic fibrosis patients in the North of Brazil. Login to comment
11 We previously reported mutation heterogeneity in Brazilian CF patients by direct analysis of the p.F508del mutation and other common sequence alterations (p.G542X, p.N1303 K, p.G551D and p.R553X). Login to comment
20 We previously studied the p.F508del and other four mutations (p.G542X, p.N1303 K, p.G551D and p.R553X) that are common worldwide in the Brazilian population. Login to comment
42 Table 1 Frequencies of some mutations in different regions from Brazil South Southeast North Northeast Mutation PR and SC19 PR and SC11 RS35 SP34 RJ36 MG11 PA37 BA38 p.F508del 45.54% (51/112) 46.94% (92/196) 48.7% (75/154) 50.00% (96/192) 28.42% (54/190) 47.37% (54/114) 22.73% (15/66) 8.68% (25/288) p.G542X 6.25% (7/112) 7.65% (15/196) 3.25% (5/154) 4.17% (8/192) 2.10% (4/190) 7.02% (8/114) 0.00% (0/66) nt p.N1303K 4.46% (5/112) 5.10% (10/196) 0.00% (0/154) 2.08% (4/192) nt 0.00% (0/114) nt nt p.G85E 3.57% (4/112) 2.04% (4/196) nt nt 4.73% (9/190) 3.51% (4/114) nt nt p.R334W 3.57% (4/112) 3.06% (6/196) 1.30% (2/154) nt 2.63% (5/190) 3.51% (4/114) nt nt p.R1162X 3.57% (4/112) 5.61% (11/196) 0.00% (0/154) nt 0.53% (1/190) 3.51% (4/114) nt nt c.2183AA4G 2.68% (3/112) 1.53% (3/196) nt nt 0.00% (0/190) 0.00% (0/114) nt nt p.W1282X 2.68% (3/112) 2.55% (5/196) 0.65% (1/154) 0.52% (1/192) 0.00% (0/190) 0.88% (1/114) nt nt p.R553X 1.78% (2/112) 1.02% (2/196) 0.65% (1/154) 0.52% (1/192) 0.00% (0/190) 0.00% (0/114) 0.00% (0/66) nt p.G551D 0.00% (0/112) 0.00% (0/196) 0.00% (0/154) 1.04% (2/192) 0.53% (1/190) 0.00% (0/114) 4.55% (3/66) nt Othera 25.89% (29/112) 24.49% (48/196) 45.45% (70/154) 56.25% (108/192) 61.05% (116/190) 65.79% (54/114) 72.73% (48/66) 91.32% (263/288) P¼0.9226b P¼0.0007c Abbreviations: BA, Bahia state; MG, Minas Gerais state; nt, not tested; PA, Para´ state; PR, Parana´ state; RJ, Rio de Janeiro state; RS, Rio Grande do Sul state; SC, Santa Catarina state; SP, Sa˜o Paulo state. Login to comment
45 bHomogeneity test between the PR and SC19 and PR and SC11: mutations p.G85E and p.R334W, and the mutations c.2183AA4G, p.W1282X, p.R553X and p.G551D were grouped for the test. Login to comment
53 This can be showed when we compare the occurrence of the eight most frequent mutations in Italy (which consists of B70% of all mutations in this country) with those of other populations (Table 3).14,53,54 Faucz et al.19 found nine mutations with a frequency higher than 1% (p.F508del: 45.5%; p.G542X: 6.3%; p.N1303K: 4.5%; p.G85E, p.R334W and p.R1162X: total of 3.6%; c.2183AA4G and p.W1282X: 2.7%; and p.R553X: 1.8%) in CF patients from PR and SC (south of Brazil). Login to comment
58 Table 3 The eight more frequent cystic fibrosis mutations in Italy and the comparison between the frequency of these mutations in south of Brazil with the frequency in Italy, Portugal, Germany and Europe Mutation South of Brazil11,19 Italy53 Portugal14 Germany54 Europe14 p.F508del 46.43% (143/308) 48.92% (745/1 523) 44.49% (202/454) 68.39% (4 199/6 140) 66.78% (18 149/27 177) p.G542X 7.14% (22/308) 5.91% (90/1 523) 1.32% (6/454) 1.51% (93/6 140) 2.64% (717/27 177) p.N1303K 4.87% (15/308) 5.91% (90/1 523) 0.66% (3/454) 1.32% (81/6 140) 1.64% (446/27 177) p.R1162X 4.87% (15/308) 1.58% (24/1 523) 0.22% (1/454) 0.07% (4/6 140) 0.51% (139/27 177) p.W1282X 2.60% (8/308) 1.77% (27/1 523) 0.00% (0/454) 0.24% (15/6 140) 1.00% (272/27 177) c.2183AA4G 1.95% (6/308) 2.63% (40/1 523) 0.00% (0/454) 0.00% (0/6 140) 0.36% (99/27 177) p.R553X 1.30% (4/308) 1.38% (21/1 523) 0.00% (0/454) 1.61% (99/6 140) 0.75% (204/27 177) c.1717-1G4A 0.97% (3/308) 1.77% (27/1 523) 0.00% (0/454) 0.50% (31/6 140) 0.83% (226/27 177) Others 29.87% (92/308) 30.14% (459/1 523) 53.30% (242/454) 26.35% (1 618/6 140) 25.48% (6925/27 177) P¼0.6401a Po0.0001b Po0.0001b Po0.0001b Numbers of chromosomes with the mutation/number of analyzed chromosomes are given in parentheses. Login to comment
59 aMutations p.R1162X, c.1717-1G4A, p.W1282X, p.R553X and 'others` were grouped for the test. Login to comment
60 bMutations p.N1303 K, c.2183AA4G, p.R1162X, c.1717-1G4A, p.W1282X, p.R553X and 'others` were grouped for the test. Login to comment

PMID: 19952026 [PubMed] Cleveland RH et al: "Cystic fibrosis genotype and assessing rates of decline in pulmonary status."

No. Sentence Comment

56 Measurement Tools All chest radiographic, FEV1, and FVC studies were performed at the study institution during the observed life spans Table 2 Patients according to CF Genotype Group Parameter Genotype Class Pancreatic Exocrine Status* No. of Patients Group S (severe pancreatic and pulmonary phenotypes) Subgroup A (class I and class I) 5 G542X/W1282X I/I PI 2 W1282X/W1282X I/I PI 1 621ϩ1G-T/Y1092X I/I PI 1 3120ϩ1G-A/3120ϩ1G-A I/I PI 1 Subgroup B (class I and class II or III) 16 G542X/⌬F508 I/II PI 6 W1282X/⌬F508 I/II PI 3 Q493X/⌬F508 I/II PI 2 R553X/⌬F508 I/II PI 2 1717-1G/⌬F508 I/II PI 1 621ϩ1G-T/⌬F508 I/II PI 1 2184delA/G551D I/III PI 1 Subgroup C (class II and class II or III) 68 D1507/⌬F508 II/II PI 3 N1303K/⌬F508 II/II PI 2 ⌬F508/⌬F508 II/II PI 57 G551D/⌬F508 II/III PI 6 Group M (mild pancreatic and pulmonary phenotypes) Miscellaneous severe and miscellaneous mild 4 ⌬F508/G85E II/IV PS 2 ⌬F508/R117H II/IV PS 1 D1507/R352Q II/IV PS 1 Miscellaneous mild and miscellaneous mild . Login to comment

PMID: 20021716 [PubMed] Gallati S et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator mutations in azoospermic and oligospermic men and their partners."

No. Sentence Comment

113 The three most common mutations are F508del (65.00%), 3905insT (4.81%) and R553X (3.78%) in the CF patient cohort, F508del (18.00%), 5T (16.00%) and R117H (8.00%) in CAVD patients and 5T (4.56%), F508del (3.68%) and S1235R (1.05%) in infertile non-CAVD men, exemplifying the disease specificity of the mutation patterns illustrated in Table 1. Login to comment

PMID: 20108119 [PubMed] Joergensen M et al: "Incidence, prevalence, etiology, and prognosis of first-time chronic pancreatitis in young patients: a nationwide cohort study."

No. Sentence Comment

47 The samples were also tested for 33 CFTR mutations: 394delTT, R553X, 621 ? Login to comment

PMID: 20167849 [PubMed] Bienvenu T et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator channel dysfunction in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis."

No. Sentence Comment

82 GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE OF PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE BRONCHIECTASIS BEARING TWO CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR MUTATIONS Patient No. Age (yr) Sex (M/F) CFTR Mutations Sweat Cl2 (mmol/L) Basal PD (mV) NPD Index Age at Onset (yr) FEV1 (% pred) Bacteria Colonization 1 55 F F508del/D1152H 19 219 1.00 54 99 Sa 2 71 F F508del/G576A-R668C 29 223 0.44 70 114 None 3 24 M G542X/3849110kbCT 52 224 1.22 10 78 Pa 4 41 F 394delTT/D1152H 19 225 0.30 41 89 Sa 5 31 M 3849110kbC.T/3849110kbC.T 35 230 0.64 2 30 Sa/Pa 6 74 F G542X/S912L 40 233 0.19 60 106 None 7 50 M W1282X/D1152H 35 236 1.00 10 32 Pa 8 42 F F508del/D1152H 13 240 0.68 30 32 Pa 9 56 F F508del/IVS8-5T 30 242 0.70 10 70 None 10 45 F 394delTT/D1152H 25 242 0.71 18 62 Sa/Pa 11 74 F W1282X/D1152H 25 244 0.66 12 56 Pa 12 23 F S1206X/D1152H 19 244 0.68 13 107 None 13 41 F R553X/R851L-T351S 31 248 0.50 35 72 Pa 14 58 M F508del/R117H-7T 46 251 0.61 45 35 Sa/Pa 15 53 F F508del/R347H 49 258 0.63 40 77 Pa Definition of abbreviations: Cl2 5 chloride; F 5 female; M 5 male; NPD index 5 nasal potential difference index 5 e(response to øCl2 and iso/response to amil); a cut off . Login to comment

PMID: 20386322 [PubMed] Gorter RR et al: "Clinical and genetic characteristics of meconium ileus in newborns with and without cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

25 The mutations tested for include the most common mutations DF508, F508C, G542X, R553X, N1303K, R1162X, and E60X, which represent 94% to 98% of the known mutations in the CFTR gene and are found in more than 99% of the Dutch population with CF. Login to comment

PMID: 20416310 [PubMed] Ooi CY et al: "Genetic testing in pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

53 Interpretation of Mutations Requires an Understanding of Their Functional Consequences Mutation group Reported mutations Complex allele: These mutations are recognized to occur on a single allele R117H ϩ T G576A ϩ R668C F508del ϩ I1027T Benign sequence alterations: These mutations have no known clinical consequence R74Q R297Q R74W 621 * 25 AϾG 3500-19 CϾT T164S C855I I1139V CFTR-related disorder associated: These mutations have been described in individuals with CF-like single organ disease (such as pancreatitis, sinopulmonary disease, or obstructive azoospermia), but do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria for CF 5T R117H D1270N L320V Q1352H 1818-18 GϾA S1235R CF causing F508del Q1476X R553X K710X G542X G551D F311L 2789-5 GϾA 2183AAϾG 711ϩ3 AϾG 3849ϩ10kb CϾT 1341ϩ1GϾA D1152Ha F1074La R553X Unknown clinical consequence F575Y L1260P G194R G1069R L997F K598E F834L R785Q To illustrate this point, mutations identified by extensive mutation testing in a cohort of patients with recurrent acute or chronic pancre- atitis14 are listed according to their clinical consequences (based on current consensus guidelines13 and functional and/or clinical reports; available: http://www.genet.sickkids.on.ca). Login to comment

PMID: 20494257 [PubMed] Dungan JS et al: "Carrier screening for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

102 However, in instances of a positive family history of affected individuals, but with no known mutation, further Table 2 Mutation panel recommended by ACOG and ACMG (listed in order of decreasing frequency in non-Hispanic Caucasian population) F508 del delI507 R347P R1162X G542X R553X 71111G>T 2184delA G551D R117H R560T 189811G>A 62111G>T 3849110kbC>T 3569delC R334W W1282X 1717À1G>T A455E 312011G>T N1303K 278915G>A G85E Data from Watson MS, Cutting GR, Desnick RJ, et al. Cystic fibrosis population carrier screening: 2004 revision of American College of Medical Genetics mutation panel. Login to comment

PMID: 20512161 [PubMed] de Becdelievre A et al: "Notable contribution of large CFTR gene rearrangements to the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in fetuses with bowel anomalies."

No. Sentence Comment

48 Table 1 Reasons of screening for large rearrangements In group 1 (first-hand referrals): 17/450 First step of the study: one CF mutation identified (n¼8) F508del (n¼6), 394delTT (n¼1), Q1352H (n¼1) Abnormal AF-DE (n¼4) Consanguinity in the couple (n¼1) Very suggestive ultrasound signsa (n¼4) In group 2 (second-hand referrals): 53/219 First step of the study: one CF mutation identified in another laboratory (n¼45) F508del (n¼36), N1303K (n¼3), G542X (n¼2), G551D, R553X, W1282X, 3849+10kbC4T (n¼1 for each) Abnormal AF-DE (n¼1) Consanguinity in the couple and presence of the [R74W;V201M;D1270N] complex allele (n¼1) Very suggestive ultrasound signsa (n¼6) aVery suggestive ultrasound signs mean that several abnormal signs were associated and/or clinicians insisted on a comprehensive study of the CFTR gene. Login to comment

PMID: 20622033 [PubMed] Sermet-Gaudelus I et al: "Ataluren (PTC124) induces cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein expression and activity in children with nonsense mutation cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

154 BASELINE PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic N 5 30 Age, median, yr (range) 12 (6 to 18) Sex, n Male 16 Female 14 BMI, median % predicted*(range) 35 (,1 to 97) Sweat test chloride concentration, median, mEq/L† (range) 104 (84 to 140) TEPD Total chloride transport, median, mV‡ (range) 20.3 (24.6 to 114.6) Pulmonary function, mean % predictedx FEV1 (range) 90 (40 to 133) FVC (range) 99 (52 to 131) Pathologic bacterial/fungal colonization, n 30 Staphylococcus aureus 26 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 9 Hemophilus influenzae 3 Alcaligenes xylosoxidans 1 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 1 Pancreatic insufficiency, n 30 Exocrine 30 Endocrine 2 Liver enzyme abnormalities, n 15 Alkaline phosphatase 7 Lactate dehydrogenase 6 g-Glutamyltransferase 4 Alanine aminotransferase 4 Aspartate aminotransferase 2 Bilirubin 1 Nonsense mutation genotype (premature stop codon type), n G542Xk (UGA) 14 W1282X (UGA) 4 Q493X (UAG) 3 R553X (UGA) 2 E1104X (UGA) 2 R1162Xk (UGA) 2 W846X (UGA) 1 W882X (UAG) 1 Q1313X (UAA) 1 Definition of Abbreviations: BMI 5 body mass index; TEPD 5 transepithelial potential difference. Login to comment
189 TOTAL CHLORIDE TRANSPORT RESPONSE AND HYPERPOLARIZATION BY NONSENSE MUTATION TYPE Nonsense Mutation Type Responses* n/N† % Response Rate Hyperpolarizations‡ n/N† % Hyperpolarization Rate Q493X (UAG) 1/3 33 1/3 33 G542X (UGA) 8/14 57 7/14 50 R553X (UGA) 1/2 50 1/2 50 W846X (UGA) 0/1 0 0/1 0 W882X (UAG) 1/1 100 1/1 100 E1104X (UGA) 1/2 50 0/2 0 R1162X (UGA) 1/2 50 2/2 100 W1282X (UGA) 2/4 50 2/4 50 Q1313X (UAA) 0/1 0 0/1 0 * At least a 25 mV total chloride transport improvement in either cycle. Login to comment
235 Our findings indicate that multiple genotypes (Q493X, G542X, R553X, W882X, E1104X, R1162X, and W1282X) can be responsive to ataluren therapy. Login to comment

PMID: 20638569 [PubMed] Goetzinger KR et al: "An update on cystic fibrosis screening."

No. Sentence Comment

12 The DF508 mutation causes a protein misfold that inhibits migration of the CFTR protein from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell membrane.1,7 Other common mutations include G542X, R553X, W1282X, N1303K, 62111 G-to-T, 1717-1 G-to-A, and R117H.8 These result in a spectrum of protein dysfunction ranging from the production of unstable RNA to CFTR cell surface instability.7 PHENOTYPIC VARIATION IN CFTR MUTATIONS Although 70% of CF patients are either homozygotes or compound heterozygotes for these 8 common mutations, there is tremendous variation in their phenotype. Login to comment

PMID: 20657600 [PubMed] Giuliani R et al: "Identification of the second CFTR mutation in patients with congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens undergoing ART protocols."

No. Sentence Comment

58 INNO-LiPA CFTR19 INNO-LiPA CFTR17 INNO-LiPA CFTR Italian regional [delta]F508 621+1G>T 1259insA G542X 3849+10kbC>T 4016insT N1303K 2183AA>G 4382delA W1282X 394delTT 852del22 G551D 2789+5G> A R1162X D579G 1717-1G>A 3659delC G1244E R553X R117H G1349D CFTRdele2,3 (21 kb) R334W I502T [delta]I507 R347P L1065P 711+1G>T G85E R1158X 3272-26A>G 3905insT 1078delT T338I R560T A455E S549R(A>C) 1898+1G>A S1251N 2143delA 711+5G>A 991del5 I148T E60X D1152H 3199del6 3120+1G>A 2184delA 1898+3A>G, R1070Q Q552X Poli-T tract variations R1066H R347H 621+3A>G R334Q E217G Abbreviation: CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. Login to comment

PMID: 20696241 [PubMed] van Barneveld A et al: "Functional analysis of F508del CFTR in native human colon."

No. Sentence Comment

33 Subjects and volunteers Twenty F508del homozygous (Table S1), one R553X homozygous and one CFTRdele2,3 (21 kb) homozygous CF subjects were examined. Login to comment
113 The two homozygotes for the nonsense mutation R553X or the large out-of-frame deletion CFTRdele2,3(21 kb) in the CFTR gene were expected to express no functional CFTR. Login to comment

PMID: 20714932 [PubMed] Sommerburg O et al: "Initial evaluation of a biochemical cystic fibrosis newborn screening by sequential analysis of immunoreactive trypsinogen and pancreatitis-associated protein (IRT/PAP) as a strategy that does not involve DNA testing in a Northern European population."

No. Sentence Comment

2 Methods Prospective quantitation of PAP and genetic analysis for the presence of four mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene most prevalent in southwest Germany (F508del, R553X, G551D, G542X) were performed in all newborns with IRT> 99.0th percentile. Login to comment
58 DNA analysis was performed for the four most common CFTR mutations in southwest Germany (F508del, R553X, G551D, G542X) (Lindner et al. 1992; Tummler et al. 1996) in parallel with biochemical analysis from the same dried blood spot. Login to comment
65 IRT testing Mutation analysis F508del, R553X, G551D, G542X CF NBS positive, Recall for sweat testing NBS negative IRT > 99.0 P. no 1. Login to comment
117 Values for IRT/PAP are given for the cut-off value of ≥1.0 ng/mL used in this study and extrapolated for cut-off value of >0.9 ng/mL Patient group Number Newborns screened for CF (April 2008- November 2009) 73,759 CF patients detected (including failsafe protocol) 13 CF patients not detected (missed by all protocols) 1 Prevalence 1: 5268 (2,857-9,493) Screening strategy IRT/DNA (p.F508del, p.G551D, p.R553X, p.G542X) IRT/PAP (cut-off ≥1.0 ng/mL) IRT/PAP (suggested cut-off >0.9 ng/mL) Detected CF patients 10 12 13 False negative results 4 2 1 False positive results 46 86 99 Sensitivity 0.714 (0.478-0.951) 0.857 (0.674-0.999) 0.928 (0.794-0.999) Specificity 0.999 (0.999-0.999) 0.999 (0.998-0.999) 0.999 (0.998-0.999) Positive predictive value 0.179 (0.078-0.278) 0.122 (0.058-0.187) 0.116 (0.057-0.175) Negative predictive value 0.999 (0.999-0.999) 0.999 (0.999-0.999) 0.999 (0.999-0.999) 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Non-CF CF Cut-off 1.0 ng/ml a IRT [ng/ml] PAP[ng/ml] Non-CF CF 0 1 2 3 b 9 10 11 p < 0.02 p < 0.0001 Non-CF carriers PAP[ng/ml] Fig. 3a, b Relationship between IRT and PAP concentrations and summary of PAP concentrations in non-CF and CF newborns. Login to comment

PMID: 20846557 [PubMed] Sutton JM et al: "Total pancreatectomy and islet cell autotransplantation as a means of treating patients with genetically linked pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

117 Patient demographics Descriptive statistics Data mean (SEM) Range Age, y 32 (3) 15-59 Weight, kg 73 (6) 39-127 Body mass index, kg/m2 24 (2) 15-35 Chronic pancreatitis, y 14 (2) 3-47 Sex Male, n = 8 Female, n = 8 Previous pancreatic operations Puestow, n =3 Whipple, n = 3 Genetic mutations and loci, n (%) CFTR 10 (62.5) R297Q 2 DF508 + R117H 1 R553X + M470V 1 DF508 1 R117H 1 P750L 1 D1152H 1 R31C 1 S1235R 1 PRSS1 4 (25) R122H 3 Unknown* 1 SPINK1 2 (12.5) N34S 2 *One patient was identified as having a PRSS1 mutation, but the specific locus mutation was unknown at the time of publication. Login to comment

PMID: 20923678 [PubMed] Ooi CY et al: "Type of CFTR mutation determines risk of pancreatitis in patients with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

55 PIP Scores for Common, Well-Defined CFTR Mutations Mutation Canadian Consortium for CF Genetic Studies Verona CF Centre Mutation classTotal PI Total PIϩPS PIP score Total PI Total PIϩPS PIP score 621ϩ1GϾT 96 96 1.00 4 4 1.00 I-III 711ϩ1GϾT 36 36 1.00 1 1 1.00 I-III R553X 24 24 1.00 9 9 1.00 I-III I507del 11 11 1.00 12 12 1.00 I-III G542X 74 75 0.99 22 22 1.00 I-III F508del 1276 1324 0.96 181 188 0.96 I-III 1717-1GϾA 20 21 0.95 23 24 0.96 I-III W1282X 19 20 0.95 2 2 1.00 I-III N1303K 45 48 0.94 30 31 0.97 I-III R1162X 12 13 0.92 21 22 0.95 I-III G551D 59 67 0.88 0 0 - I-III G85E 16 22 0.73 4 5 0.80 I-III A455E 18 37 0.49 0 0 - IV-V 2789ϩ5GϾA 6 16 0.38 3 11 0.27 IV-V R334W 1 10 0.10 0 0 - IV-V 3849ϩ10kbCϾT 2 22 0.09 0 1 0.00 IV-V R117H 1 25 0.04 0 0 - IV-V NOTE. Login to comment

PMID: 20932301 [PubMed] Green DM et al: "Mutations that permit residual CFTR function delay acquisition of multiple respiratory pathogens in CF patients."

No. Sentence Comment

74 For Pa, the hazard ratio Table 1 Classification of CFTR alleles Category Mutation Specific mutations Class I Defective Protein Synthesis (nonsense, frameshift, aberrant splicing) 1078delT, 1154 insTC, 1525-2A > G, 1717-1G > A, 1898+1G > A, 2184delA, 2184 insA, 3007delG, 3120+1G > A, 3659delC, 3876delA, 3905insT, 394delTT, 4010del4, 4016insT, 4326delTC, 4374+1G > T, 441delA, 556delA, 621+1G > T, 621-1G > T, 711+1G > T, 875+1G > C, E1104X, E585X, E60X, E822X, G542X, G551D/R553X, Q493X, Q552X, Q814X, R1066C, R1162X, R553X, V520F, W1282X, Y1092X Class II Abnormal Processing and Trafficking A559T, D979A, ΔF508, ΔI507, G480C, G85E, N1303K, S549I, S549N, S549R Class III Defective Channel Regulation/Gating G1244E, G1349D, G551D, G551S, G85E, H199R, I1072T, I48T, L1077P, R560T, S1255P, S549 (R75Q) Class IV Decreased Channel Conductance A800G, D1152H, D1154G, D614G, delM1140, E822K, G314E, G576A, G622D, G85E, H620Q, I1139V, I1234V, L1335P, M1137V, P67L, R117C, R117P, R117H, R334W, R347H, R347P, R347P/ R347H, R792G, S1251N, V232D Class V Reduced Synthesis and/or Trafficking 2789+5G > A, 3120G > A, 3272-26A > G, 3849+10kbC > T, 5T variant, 621+3A > G, 711+3A > G, A445E, A455E, IVS8 poly T, P574H was increased 3 fold for those with 'Minimal` function when compared to those with 'Residual` function. Login to comment

PMID: 21083385 [PubMed] Accurso FJ et al: "Effect of VX-770 in persons with cystic fibrosis and the G551D-CFTR mutation."

No. Sentence Comment

70 (%)‡4(100)4(100)4(100)4(100)4(100)20(100)4(100)8(100)7(100)19(100) Age-yr Median36314126213024232121 Range19to4822to5122to5019to3419to3319to5118to4218to4020to3818to42 Body-massindex Median23232420212322222322 Range22to2920to2419to2719to2417to2617to2921to2320to2320to2520to25 CFTRgenotype G551D/F508del3(75)4(100)4(100)2(50)3(75)16(80)4(100)7(88)5(71)16(84) G551D/1078delT1(25)----1(5)---- G551D/G551D----1(25)1(5)---- G551D/N1303K---1(25)-1(5)---- G551D/R553X---1(25)-1(5)---- G551D/3849+10kbC→T--------1(14)1(5) G551D/621+1G→T-------1(12)-1(5) G551D/G542X--------1(14)1(5) FEV1 Median%ofpredictedvalue57665663495677657669 Range%ofpredictedvalue48to9744to10942to6546to10242to5842to10953to11242to12240to10640to122 40to<70%ofpredictedvalue -no. Login to comment
65 (%)‡4(100)4(100)4(100)4(100)4(100)20(100)4(100)8(100)7(100)19(100) Age-yr Median36314126213024232121 Range19to4822to5122to5019to3419to3319to5118to4218to4020to3818to42 Body-massindex Median23232420212322222322 Range22to2920to2419to2719to2417to2617to2921to2320to2320to2520to25 CFTRgenotype G551D/F508del3(75)4(100)4(100)2(50)3(75)16(80)4(100)7(88)5(71)16(84) G551D/1078delT1(25)----1(5)---- G551D/G551D----1(25)1(5)---- G551D/N1303K---1(25)-1(5)---- G551D/R553X---1(25)-1(5)---- G551D/3849+10kbC→T--------1(14)1(5) G551D/621+1G→T-------1(12)-1(5) G551D/G542X--------1(14)1(5) FEV1 Median%ofpredictedvalue57665663495677657669 Range%ofpredictedvalue48to9744to10942to6546to10242to5842to10953to11242to12240to10640to122 40to<70%ofpredictedvalue -no. Login to comment

PMID: 21097845 [PubMed] Sheridan MB et al: "CFTR transcription defects in pancreatic sufficient cystic fibrosis patients with only one mutation in the coding region of CFTR."

No. Sentence Comment

47 The patient`s other mutation, (R553X [p.Arg553X]) is associated with a low amount of CFTR transcript due to nonsense mediated RNA decay (NMRD) (figure 2B).37 38 The RNA transcripts lacking exon 5 (exon5À), were 2.7 times more abundant than the transcripts containing exon 5 (exon5+/R553X) (figure 2B). Login to comment
61 To detect these transcripts, we amplified Table 1 CFTR genotypes and clinical characteristics of patients with one CFTR mutation after CFTR screening or scanning ID Sweat [ClL ]* FEV1 y Pseudomonas infection NPD CBAVD CFTR genotype upon entry to study (method) CFTR genotype after sequencing 1 52 57 Yes ND ND DF508/unknown, IVS8 5T/9T (c.1210-12T[5]/c.1210-12T[9]) (comprehensive scan) DF508/IVS8-TG12-5T 2 98 79 No CF Yes DF508/unknown (comprehensive scan) DF508/S492F [p.Ser492Phe] 3 89 62 No ND NA DF508/unknown (screened e 86 mutations) DF508/P205S [p.Pro205Ser] 4z 65 58 Yes ND NA R553X/unknown (screened e 86 mutations) R553X/711+3 A/G 5z 66 82 Yes ND Yes R553X/unknown (screened e 70 mutations) R553X/711+3 A/G 6 72 71 Yes CF No DF508/unknown{ DF508/unknownyy 7 59 106 Yes Abnormalx NA DF508/unknown{ DF508/unknownyy 8 37 85 No CF NA DF508/unknown{ DF508/unknownyy 9 40 112 No ND ND DF508/unknown (comprehensive scan) DF508/unknown 10 66 ND Yes ND ND 621+1G/T/unknown (comprehensive scan) 621+1G/T/ unknownyy 11 58 ND No ND ND NA** R764X/unknownyy *Sweat [ClÀ ] concentration is expressed as mmol/l. Login to comment
82 These studies support the observation that patients with clinical features of CF and one Figure 2 Reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR analysis of patient 4 carrying R553X and 711+3 A to G. Login to comment
87 A Splicing of RNA from CFTR gene with R553X: Genomic DNA Transcript including exon 5 and R553X GTA R553X R553X (R553X) Splicing of RNA from CFTR gene with 711+3 A>G: Transcript missing exon 5 (90 bp)Transcript including exon 5 GTG (Exon 5+) (Exon 5-) 4 5 6b6a 11 6a 6b54 11 Genomic DNA4 5 6b6a 11 6a 6b54 11 6a 6b4 11 B PeakHeight Exon 5-Exon 5+ /R553X including exon 5 390bp missing exon 5 300bp Table 2 Functional consequences of CFTR mutations identified after CFTR sequencing ID Second CFTR mutation identified after sequencing Amino acid conservation* Functional consequence References 1 TG12-5T NA Missplicingeloss of exon 9 from CFTR transcript Cuppens et al 199835 Groman et al 200436 2 S492F Conserved in mammalian orthologues except platypus None described Ferec et al31 Wine et al 200139 3 P205S Conserved in mammalian orthologues Defective biosynthesis, decreased amount of fully glycosylated CFTR Sheppard et al 199634 4, 5 711+3 A/G NA Missplicingeloss of exon 5 from CFTR transcript This study (figure 2) *Sequences were obtained from GenBank. Login to comment
48 The patient`s other mutation, (R553X [p.Arg553X]) is associated with a low amount of CFTR transcript due to nonsense mediated RNA decay (NMRD) (figure 2B).37 38 The RNA transcripts lacking exon 5 (exon5À), were 2.7 times more abundant than the transcripts containing exon 5 (exon5+/R553X) (figure 2B). Login to comment
63 To detect these transcripts, we amplified Table 1 CFTR genotypes and clinical characteristics of patients with one CFTR mutation after CFTR screening or scanning ID Sweat [ClL ]* FEV1 y Pseudomonas infection NPD CBAVD CFTR genotype upon entry to study (method) CFTR genotype after sequencing 1 52 57 Yes ND ND DF508/unknown, IVS8 5T/9T (c.1210-12T[5]/c.1210-12T[9]) (comprehensive scan) DF508/IVS8-TG12-5T 2 98 79 No CF Yes DF508/unknown (comprehensive scan) DF508/S492F [p.Ser492Phe] 3 89 62 No ND NA DF508/unknown (screened e 86 mutations) DF508/P205S [p.Pro205Ser] 4z 65 58 Yes ND NA R553X/unknown (screened e 86 mutations) R553X/711+3 A/G 5z 66 82 Yes ND Yes R553X/unknown (screened e 70 mutations) R553X/711+3 A/G 6 72 71 Yes CF No DF508/unknown{ DF508/unknownyy 7 59 106 Yes Abnormalx NA DF508/unknown{ DF508/unknownyy 8 37 85 No CF NA DF508/unknown{ DF508/unknownyy 9 40 112 No ND ND DF508/unknown (comprehensive scan) DF508/unknown 10 66 ND Yes ND ND 621+1G/T/unknown (comprehensive scan) 621+1G/T/ unknownyy 11 58 ND No ND ND NA** R764X/unknownyy *Sweat [ClÀ ] concentration is expressed as mmol/l. Login to comment
85 These studies support the observation that patients with clinical features of CF and one Figure 2 Reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR analysis of patient 4 carrying R553X and 711+3 A to G. Login to comment
90 A Splicing of RNA from CFTR gene with R553X: Genomic DNA Transcript including exon 5 and R553X GTA R553X R553X (R553X) Splicing of RNA from CFTR gene with 711+3 A>G: Transcript missing exon 5 (90 bp)Transcript including exon 5 GTG (Exon 5+) (Exon 5-) 4 5 6b6a 11 6a 6b54 11 Genomic DNA4 5 6b6a 11 6a 6b54 11 6a 6b4 11 B PeakHeight Exon 5-Exon 5+ /R553X including exon 5 390bp missing exon 5 300bp Table 2 Functional consequences of CFTR mutations identified after CFTR sequencing ID Second CFTR mutation identified after sequencing Amino acid conservation* Functional consequence References 1 TG12-5T NA Missplicingeloss of exon 9 from CFTR transcript Cuppens et al 199835 Groman et al 200436 2 S492F Conserved in mammalian orthologues except platypus None described Ferec et al31 Wine et al 200139 3 P205S Conserved in mammalian orthologues Defective biosynthesis, decreased amount of fully glycosylated CFTR Sheppard et al 199634 4, 5 711+3 A/G NA Missplicingeloss of exon 5 from CFTR transcript This study (figure 2) *Sequences were obtained from GenBank. Login to comment

PMID: 21184098 [PubMed] de Becdelievre A et al: "Comprehensive description of CFTR genotypes and ultrasound patterns in 694 cases of fetal bowel anomalies: a revised strategy."

No. Sentence Comment

89 [R553X] c.[1521_1523delCTT]? Login to comment
165 TOP [R553X]? Login to comment

PMID: 21228336 [PubMed] Brown MB et al: "Low abundance of sweat duct Cl- channel CFTR in both healthy and cystic fibrosis athletes with exceptionally salty sweat during exercise."

No. Sentence Comment

114 Mutations tested in this panel were ⌬F508, R334W, S549N, 3659delC, ⌬I507, I347P, A559T, S1255X, 1898ϩ1GϾA, R347H, N1303K, 1898ϩ5GϾT, 3876delA, A455E, 394delTT, 2183GGϾA, 3905insT, 3120ϩ1GϾA, V520F, 2184delA, G85E, Y1092X, 711ϩ1GϾT, 2307insA, Y122X, S549R, M1101K, 1078delT, 2789ϩ5GϾA, G551D, G542X, 621ϩ1GϾT, R560T, W1282X, 1717-1 GϾA, 3849 ϩ 10KbCϾT, R553X, R117H, and R1162X. Login to comment
119 Mutations tested in this panel were ⌬F508, R334W, S549N, 3659delC, ⌬I507, I347P, A559T, S1255X, 1898ϩ1GϾA, R347H, N1303K, 1898ϩ5GϾT, 3876delA, A455E, 394delTT, 2183GGϾA, 3905insT, 3120ϩ1GϾA, V520F, 2184delA, G85E, Y1092X, 711ϩ1GϾT, 2307insA, Y122X, S549R, M1101K, 1078delT, 2789ϩ5GϾA, G551D, G542X, 621ϩ1GϾT, R560T, W1282X, 1717-1 GϾA, 3849 ϩ 10KbCϾT, R553X, R117H, and R1162X. Login to comment

PMID: 21296036 [PubMed] Ivady G et al: "Distribution of CFTR mutations in Eastern Hungarians: relevance to genetic testing and to the introduction of newborn screening for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

77 CFTR mutation Germany 1994 Romania 2008 Austria 1997 Slovakia 2008 Hungary 1992 This study deltaF508 (c.1521_1523 delCTT) 72.0% 56.3% 74.6% 38.2% 64.3% 70.0% G551D (c.1652 GNA) 1.0% N/F 1.6% N/F N/F N/F R553X (c.1657 CNT) 2.3% N/F N/F 1.2% 2.4% N/F G542X (c.1624 GNT) 1.4% 3.9% 2.4% 2.4% 1.2% 3.75% 621+1 GNT (c.489+1 GNT) 0.1% 0.8% N/F N/F N/F N/F 1717-1 GNA (c.1585-1 GNA) 0.9% N/F 0.8% 0.6% 1.2% 1.25% W1282X (c.3846 GNA) 0.7% 2.3% N/F N/F 1.2% N/F N1303K (c.3909 CNG) 2.3% 0.8% N/F 1.2% 1.2% 5.0% R347P (c.1040 GNC) 1.6% N/F 1.6% 1.2% N/A 1.25% CFTRdele2,3(21 kb) 1.5%a 1.6% 2.6%a 1.1%a N/A 5.0% 2184insA (c.2052_2053 insA) 0.6% N/F N/F 2.4% N/A 5.0% L101X (c.302 TNG) N/F N/F N/F N/F N/A 2.5% Q220X (c.658 CNT) N/F N/F N/F N/F N/A 1.25% S466X (c.1397 CNG) N/F N/F N/F N/F N/A 1.25% E831X (c.2491 GNT) N/F N/F N/F 0.6% N/A 1.25% Y1092X (c.3276 CNA) 0.3% N/F N/F N/F N/A 1.25% Legend: data for Germany [8], Romania [9], Austria [10], Slovakia [11] and Hungary [3]; N/A: not analyzed; N/F: not found, a frequencies reported by Dork et al. in 2000 [6], mutations included in the Elucigene CF29 v2 assay are formatted in italics; the original "legacy name" is followed by the recommended mutation nomenclature [17]. Login to comment

PMID: 21354377 [PubMed] Geborek A et al: "Association between genotype and pulmonary phenotype in cystic fibrosis patients with severe mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

95 Class I/class I Class I/class II Class II/class II 1717-1 G-NA/1717-1 G-NA n=1 3659delC/S945L n=1 F508del/F508del n=165 3659delC/3659delC n=5 3659delC/F508del n=23 F508del/S945L n=5 3659delC/394delTT n=7 394delTT/F508del n=38 394delTT/394delTT n=4 621+1 G-NT/F508del n=6 R553X/E60X n=1 E60X/F508del n=4 G542X/F508del n=1 R553X/F508del n=2 W79R/F508del n=1 W1282X/F508del n=1 1717-1 G-NA/F508del n=1 Total 18 78 170 The other class combinations are not shown. Login to comment
98 Class I Class II Class III Class IV Class V 1717-1 G-NA F508del G551D 297 C-NA 2789+5 G-NA 3659delC S945L R560T R117C 3849+10 kb CNT 394delTT R347P A455E R553X T 3381 3849+10 kb C-T 621+1 G-NT E60X G542X W79R W1282X decline of pulmonary function was more rapid in patients with pancreatic insufficiency, mainly class II mutations, compared to CF patients with normal pancreatic function [4]. Login to comment

PMID: 21388895 [PubMed] Baker MW et al: "Optimal DNA tier for the IRT/DNA algorithm determined by CFTR mutation results over 14 years of newborn screening."

No. Sentence Comment

46 Year Mutation 1 Mutation 2 IRTa Age at diagnosis Sweat test results (mmol/L)b Cause of false negative 1995 p. R553X Unknown 53 (56) 4 months old 94 IRT below the cut-off 1996 p. R553X p. R1161X 64 (56) 6 weeks old 109 F508del alone as the 2nd tier 1997 p. R347P Unknown 82 (56) 7 weeks old 108 F508del alone as the 2nd tier 2000 3007delG Unknown 99 (64) 9 months old 110 Rare mutations 2001 Unknown Unknown 44 (66) 7 years old 59 IRT below the cut-off 2002 p. G551D p. Q1291Hc 53 (64) 4 years old 77 IRT below the cut-off 2003 F508del F508del 45 (51) 1 year old 121 IRT below the cut-off 2004 p. R170Hc Unknown 13 (62) 3 years old 66 IRT below the cut-off a IRT was reported as ng/mL. Login to comment
75 CFTR mutationa Proportion of allele Frequency of allele (%) Cumulative detection (%)b F508del 137/214 64.02 92.52 3849+10KbCNT 6/214 2.80 92.52c G542X 5/214 2.34 94.39 N1303K 4/214 1.87 98.13 R117H 4/214 1.87 99.07 R553X 3/214 1.40 99.07 1717-1GNA 2/214 0.93 99.07 G551D 1/214 0.47 100 R347P 1/214 0.47 100 A455E 1/214 0.47 100 W1282X 1/214 0.47 100 621+1GNT 1/214 0.47 100 a The other 11 mutations in ACMG 23 mutation panel are G85E, 711+1GNT, R334W, I507del, R560T, 1898+1GNA, 2184delA, 2789+5GNA, 3120+1GNA, R1162X and 3659delC. Login to comment

PMID: 21429822 [PubMed] Coiana A et al: "Preconceptional identification of cystic fibrosis carriers in the Sardinian population: A pilot screening program."

No. Sentence Comment

88 Mutation nomenclaturea Alleles (%) T338I (p.Thr338Ile) 26 (65.0) F508del (p.Phe508del) 9 (22.5) N1303K (p.Asn1303Lys) 1 (2.5) 2183AANG (c.2051_2052delAAinsG) 1 (2.5) 621+1GNT (c.489+1GNT) 1 (2.5) exon 2 del (c.54-5811_164+2187del8108ins182) 1 (2.5) R347P (p.Arg347Pro) 1 (2.5) The 3849+10kbCNT (c.3717+12191CNT), G85E (p.Gly85Glu), 2789+5GNA (c.2657+5GNA), W1282X (p.Trp1282X), G1244E (p.Gly1244Glu), 711+5GNA (c.579+5GNA), 711+1GNT (c.579+1GNA), 4016insT (p.Ser1297PhefsX5), G542X (p.Gly542X), 1717-1GNA (c.1585-1GNA), R553X (p.Arg553X), Q552X (p.Gln552X), G551D (p.Gly551Asp), S549R (ANC) (p.Ser549Arg), I507del (p.Ile507del), F508C (p.Phe508Cys), I502T (p.Ile502Thr), 1706del17 (p.Gln525LeufsX37), 1677delTA (p.Tyr515X), R117H (p.Arg117His), D1152H (p.Asp1152His), L1065P (p.Leu1065Pro), R1066H (p.Arg1066His), L1077P (p.Leu1077Pro), 4382delA (p.Glu1418ArgfsX14), R1162X (p.Arg1162X), R1158X (p.Arg1158X), 1259 insA (p.Gln378AlafsX4), 852del22 (p.Gly241GlufsX13), S912X (p.Ser912X), and 991del5bp (p.Asn287LysfsX19) mutations included in the CF panel were not detected in the population tested. Login to comment

PMID: 21514289 [PubMed] Earley MC et al: "Implementation of the first worldwide quality assurance program for cystic fibrosis multiple mutation detection in population-based screening."

No. Sentence Comment

129 Allele Allele Allele Allele p.Gly85Glu G85E (0.26) p.Arg117His R117H (0.54) c.489+1 GNT 621+1 GNT (1.3) p.Phe508del F508del (66.31) p.Arg347Pro R347P (0.36) p.lle507del I507del (0.90) p.Gly551Asp G551D (1.93) c.2052delA 2184delA (0.15) c.1585-1 GNA 1717-1 GNA (0.44) p.Gly542X G542X (2.64) c.3528delC 3659delC (0.28) p.Asn1303Lys N1303K (1.27) p.Arg553X R553X (1.21) p.Arg560Thr R560T (0.30) p.Arg1162X R1162X (0.30) c.2657+5 GNA 2789+5 GNA (0.38) c.3717+12191 CNT 3849+10kbCNT (0.85) c.2988+1 GNA 3120+1 GNA (0.86) p.Trp1282X W1282X (2.20) p.Ala455Glu A455E (0.26) c.1766+1 GNA 1898+1 GNA (0.13) c.579+1 GNT 711+1 GNT (0.35) p.Arg334Trp R334W (0.37) c.54-5940 _273+10250del21kb CFTR dele2,3 p.Ser549Asn S549N (0.14) c.1584 GNA 1716 G→A c.2051_2052delAAinsG 2183AANG (0.1) c.3140-26ANG 3272-26ANG c.262_263delTT 394delTT p.Arg1066Cys R1066C (0.03) p.Arg1066His R1066H c.1022_1023insTC 1154insTC c.2989-1 GNA 3121-1 GNA c.(?_2989)_(3139_? Login to comment

PMID: 21538969 [PubMed] Ren CL et al: "Clinical outcomes in infants with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) related metabolic syndrome."

No. Sentence Comment

60 Infants in both groups received treatment with inhaled tobramycin if they had a positive Pa OP culture, and treatment in both groups was associated with eradication of TABLE 1-CFTR Gene Mutation Panel Used by New York CF NBS Program F508del I50e7del G542X G551D W1282X N1303K R553X 621þ1G>T R117H 1717-1G>A A455E R560T R1162X G85E R334W R347P 711þ1G>T 1898þ1G>A 2184delA 1078delT 3849þ10kbC>T 2789þ5G>A 3659delC I148T 3120þ1G>A 3876delA V520F S549R S549N 3849þ4 A-G 3905insT R347H Reflex testing for 5T polymorphism is performed if R117H is detected. Login to comment
61 Infants in both groups received treatment with inhaled tobramycin if they had a positive Pa OP culture, and treatment in both groups was associated with eradication of TABLE 1- CFTR Gene Mutation Panel Used by New York CF NBS Program F508del I50e7del G542X G551D W1282X N1303K R553X 621þ1G>T R117H 1717-1G>A A455E R560T R1162X G85E R334W R347P 711þ1G>T 1898þ1G>A 2184delA 1078delT 3849þ10kbC>T 2789þ5G>A 3659delC I148T 3120þ1G>A 3876delA V520F S549R S549N 3849þ4 A-G 3905insT R347H Reflex testing for 5T polymorphism is performed if R117H is detected. Login to comment

PMID: 21783433 [PubMed] Costa C et al: "A recurrent deep-intronic splicing CF mutation emphasizes the importance of mRNA studies in clinical practice."

No. Sentence Comment

51 The mutations in trans of c.870-1113_1110delGAAT were mostly frequent severe mutations: p.Phe508del (n=5 families); c.1624GNT, p.Gly542X (G542X) (n = 3 families); and c.1657CNT, p.Arg553X (R553X) (n=1 family). Login to comment

PMID: 21811577 [PubMed] Sorio C et al: "Defective CFTR expression and function are detectable in blood monocytes: development of a new blood test for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

202 Case Gender Age at diagnosis (years) CFTR genotype* Age (years) Sweat Cl- mEq/L** FEV1 % mean values 2009 Pa PI NPD results*** CF-index 1 F 0 3132delTG 1497delGG 34 129 75 yes yes nd 222,10 2 F 0 R1162X R1162X 43 144 52 yes yes nd 229,65 3 M 0 R1162X R1162X 10 102 59 no yes 1,02 210,18 4 M 0 R1162X R1162X 25 115 81 no yes 1,07 267,11 5 M 7 G542X 711+5 G.A 24 105 59 yes yes nd 25,84 6 M 1 CFTRdele1 G542X 36 107 22 yes yes nd 2113,92 7 M 0 G542X G542X 16 110 71 yes yes 0,97 280,20 8 F 1 Q552X CFTRdele17a-18 35 99 72 yes yes 2,08 2219,81 9 M 16 R1162X 3849+10 Kb C.T 42 74 43 yes no 1,02 271,47 10 M 0 R1162X R1162X 32 105 45 yes yes 1,43 2114,67 11 M 1 F508del F508del 16 86 71 no yes nd 260,04 12 F 0 F508del F508del 16 88 118 no yes nd 248,20 13 M 0 F508del F508del 33 118 51 yes yes nd 265,49 14 M 7 F508del F508del 37 89 37 yes yes nd 2359,82 15 F 0 F508del F508del 27 118 71 yes yes nd 267,26 16 F 8 1717-1 G.A F508del 38 140 74 yes yes nd 2136,80 17 F 0 R1158X F508del 32 95 60 yes yes 1,77 228,31 18 M 7 G542X F508del 39 110 46 yes yes nd 247,52 19 M 0 Q39X F508del 17 101 79 no yes 1,11 264,20 20 F 1 R1162X F508del 41 188 60 no yes 0,94 296,73 21 M 13 3849+10 Kb C.T F508del 24 76 78 yes no 4,67 26,33 22 M 0 W1282X 621+1G.T 33 119 77 yes yes 1,27 242,74 23 F 4 R553X 2789+5 G.A 31 92 44 yes no 7,4 260,94 24 F 11 F508del R553X 39 116 55 yes yes nd 2113,67 25 M 12 F508del 3849+10 Kb C.T 27 51 71 yes no 1,12 298,84 26 F 0 F508del G542X 19 109 109 yes yes nd 2173,24 27 F 0 F508del R1162X 32 94 86 yes yes 1,34 270,16 28 F 0 F508del W57X (TAG) 27 99 78 yes yes 1,21 269,33 29 M 0 F508del Q552X 24 94 41 yes yes 1,50 272,75 30 M 20 F508del 3849+10 Kb C.T 43 58 60 no no 1,13 2112,56 31 M 0 F508del R1162X 12 99 65 no yes 2,14 280,92 32 M 4 F508del 3849+10 Kb C.T 17 60 100 no no nd 2121,31 33 F 1 F508del 1717-1 G.A 26 105 73 yes yes 2,05 255,66 34 F 11 F508del 3849+10 Kb C.T 40 85 59 yes no nd 2152,23 35 F 4 F508del 1717-1 G.A 44 130 97 yes yes nd 2116,56 36 M 13 F508del 3849+10 Kb C.T 43 70 65 yes no CF 265,10 37 F 19 F508del unknown 29 95 100 no no nd 240,53 38 M 6 F508del unknown 15 92 87 yes no nd 270,17 39 F 0 G542X N1303K 34 108 97 yes yes nd 296,14 40 M 50 G1249R IVS8 T5TG12 50 61 74 no no nd 2199,15 41 F 10 2183 AA.G IVS8 T5TG15/T7TG10 45 79 29 yes no 1,9 286,27 42 F 1 G85E unknown 43 120 107 yes no nd 249,21 43 F 0 3272-26 A.G I507del 21 113 88 no no nd 236,79 44 M 8 F508del D1152H 10 77 107 no no nd 210,85 *Cystic Fibrosis mutation database reference: http://www3.genet.sickkids.on.ca/cftr/app. Login to comment

PMID: 9565413 [PubMed] Parad RB et al: "Buccal cell DNA mutation analysis for diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in newborns and infants inaccessible to sweat chloride measurement."

No. Sentence Comment

58 The brushes were then discarded and 60 ␮L 1 M Tris, pH 8.0, was added to the tubes.7 CFTR mutation analysis was performed for 12 mutations (⌬F508, G551D, G542X, 621ϩ1G3T, ⌬I507, 1717-1G3A, R117H, N1303K, W1282X, R560T, R553X, and 3849ϩ10kb C3T). Login to comment

PMID: 9708232 [PubMed] Davidson DJ et al: "Genetics and pulmonary medicine. 1. The genetics of cystic fibrosis lung disease."

No. Sentence Comment

16 Mutations in CFTR may result in: (1) defective CFTR production, such as R553X, due to unstable mRNA and/or premature protein truncation, (2) defective processing of CFTR, such as F508 or G480C, where the mutant protein is not processed to its mature glycosylated form and is not correctly localised to the apical membrane, but is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and degraded. Login to comment

PMID: 9719372 [PubMed] Muller F et al: "Cystic fibrosis screening: a fetus with hyperechogenic bowel may be the index case."

No. Sentence Comment

28 In all cases screening covered at least the eight mutations most frequently observed in France and North America, that is, AF508, AI507, 1717-1G--*A, G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X, and N1303K. Login to comment

PMID: 9725921 [PubMed] Sharer N et al: "Mutations of the cystic fibrosis gene in patients with chronic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

32 DNA Studies We extracted DNA from buccal cells obtained by having the patients rinse their mouths with 10 ml of 4 percent sucrose.19 The CFTR locus was examined for the 22 mutations that together account for 95 percent of all such mutations in patients with cystic fibrosis in the northwest of England.20 The amplification- refractory mutation system Elucigene CF(4)m kit (Zeneca Diagnostics, Macclesfield, United Kingdom) was used to detect the four most common mutations: ∆F508, G551D, G542X, and 621+1(G→T)21; the polymerase chain reaction, restriction-enzyme analysis, and allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization facilitated the detection of R560T, R117H, 1898+1(G→A), R553X, S549N, 1717¡1(G→A), N1303K, W1282X, E60X, 1154insTC, R347P, 3659delC, Q493X, V520F, R334W, ∆I507, 3849+10Kb(C→T), and 1078delT. Login to comment
66 * PATIENT NO.† SEX MUTANT ALLELE POLYT GENOTYPE AGE AT ONSET OF PANCREATITIS AGE AT STUDY ENTRY EXOCRINE STATUS AND CALCULI‡ ALCOHOLISM »10 CIGARETTES/ DAY SWEAT TESTING BASE-LINE NASAL POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE SODIUM CHLORIDE yr mmol/liter mV 1 M DF508 9T/7T 8 27 PS0 No No 43.5 32.0 12.5 2 F DF508 9T/5T 15 34 PS1 No No 55.0 47.5 ND 3 M R117H 7T/7T 18 21 PS0 No Yes 44.0 33.0 ¡9.7 4 M DF508 9T/7T 18 26 PI3 No No ND ND ND 5 M DF508 9T/7T 18 30 PI3 No Yes ND ND ND 6 F Q493X 7T/5T 19 21 PS3 No Yes 51.5 41.0 ND 7 F DF508 9T/7T 20 31 PS3 No No 35.0 23.0 ¡10.8 8 M 621+1(G→T) 9T/7T 21 37 PS3 Yes Yes 72.0 48.5 5.0 9 M R560T 7T/7T 21 39 PI0 Yes Yes 103.0 76.0 ¡4.4 10 M DF508 9T/5T 22 36 PI3 Yes No 53.0 34.0 ¡17.6 11 M DF508 9T/7T 31 45 PS3 No Yes 55.0 34.0 ¡11.5 12 M R117H 7T/7T 35 38 PI2 Yes No ND ND ND 13 F DF508 9T/7T 36 39 PS3 No Yes 60.0 39.0 ¡10.2 14 F R553X 7T/5T 37 56 PI3 No Yes ND ND ND 15 F DF508 9T/7T 45 47 PI3 Yes Yes 104.0 80.0 ¡8.3 16 M DF508 9T/7T 49 52 PS1 Yes Yes ND ND ND 17 F DF508 9T/7T 64 76 PI3 No No 69.0 50.0 ¡10.3 18 F DF508 9T/9T 75 79 PS3 No No 34.5 19.0 ¡14.7 or radiologic abnormalities in 133 patients. Login to comment

PMID: 9725922 [PubMed] Cohn JA et al: "Relation between mutations of the cystic fibrosis gene and idiopathic pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

34 Pancreatograms were assessed for the severity of chronic pancreatitis according to published criteria by a reviewer who was unaware of the patients` histories (Table 1).19 DNA Studies We extracted DNA from blood samples20 and tested for 16 CFTR mutations - ∆F508, W1282X, R117H, 621+1(G→T), R334W, R347P, A455E, ∆I507, 1717¡1(G→A), G542X, S549N, G551D, R553X, R560T, N1303K, and 3849+10Kb(C→T) - using reverse dot blot strips (Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, Calif.). Login to comment

PMID: 9727805 [PubMed] Robertson NH et al: "Development and validation of a screening test for 12 common mutations of the cystic fibrosis CFTR gene."

No. Sentence Comment

12 The CFTR gene mutations that are detected by the test are 1717-1G>A, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, ∆F508, 3849+ 10kbC>T, 621+1G>T, R553X, G551D, R117H, R1162X and R334W, which are described by KAZAZIAN [10] and papers cited therein. Login to comment
49 The B-tube contains ARMS primers specific for the 621+1 G>T, R553X, G551D, R117H, R1162X and R334W mutations. Login to comment
73 - Analysis of the 754 chromosomes tested Mutation Independent typing method* Totals 1717-1G>A G542X W1282X N1303K ∆F508 3849+10kbC>T 621+1G>T R553X G551D R117H R1162X R334W Other/none Number of samples Total number of chromosomes ASO ASO ASO ASO Electrophoresis Digest (HphI) Digest (MseI) Digest (HincII) Digest (NdeI) ASO Digest (DdeI) Digest (MspI) 16 10 16 12 89 11 7 15 16 13 11 6 532 377 754 *: Confirmatory typing as detailed in references cited within [10]. Login to comment
75 (97) (130) (160) (212) (240) (279) (329) (487) (487) (383) (325) (285) (243) (200) (160) (140) (97) (100) (150) (200) (250) (300) (350) (400) (450) (500) (550) apoB apoB ∆F508(N) ODCODC 3849+10kbC>T 1717-1G>A G542X W1282X N1303K ∆F508(M) R334W R1162X R117H G551D R553X 621+1G>T A-tube B-tube Marker Fig. 1. Login to comment
84 Where rare non-∆F508 compound heterozygotes have been obtained (3849+10kbC>T/W1282X; 3849+10kb C>T/G542X; G542X/N1303K; G542X/W1282X; G551D/ R553X; N1303K/1717-1G>A; G542X/17171G>A; N1303K/ W1282X; R553X/R334W) and analysed, both mutations were correctly identified. Login to comment
99 1: 1717-1G>A/+; 2: G542X/+; 3: W1282X/+; 4: N1303K/+; 5: ∆F508/+; 6: 3849+10kbC>T/+; 7: +/+; 8: +/+; 9: ∆F508/∆F508; 10: 621+1G>T/+; 11: R553X/+; 12: G551D/+; 13: R117H/+; 14: R1162X/ +; 15: R334W/+; 16: +/+; 17: +/+; 18: ∆F508/∆F508; 19: ∆F508/+. Login to comment
102 1: +/+; 2: 1717-1G>A/+; 3: G542X/+; 4: W1282X/+; 5: N1303K/+; 6: ∆F508/+; 7: 3849+10kbC>T/+; 8: 621+1G>T/+; 9: R553X/+; 10: G551D/+; 11: R117H/+; 12: R1162X/+; 13: ∆F508/∆F508; 14: R334W/+. Login to comment
104 15: +/+; 16: +/+; 17: R553X/+; 18: +/+; 19: ∆F508/+; 20: +/+; 21: +/+; 22: R117H/∆F508; 23: ∆F508/∆F508; 24: +/+: 25: G542X/N1303K; 26: no deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) control. Login to comment
107 The CF(12)m test screens for the CF mutations 1717-1G>A, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, ∆F508, 3849+10kbC>T, 621+ 1G>T, R553X, G551D, R117H, R1162X and R334W, the most common CF mutations in Caucasians and Ashkenazi Jews. Login to comment

PMID: 9731023 [PubMed] Pradal U et al: "Nasal potential difference in congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

39 ⌬F508, R117H, R1162X, 2183AA→G, N1303K, 3849 ϩ 10KbC→T, G542X, 1717-1G→A, R553X, Q552X, G85E, 711 ϩ 5G→A, 3132delTG and 2789 ϩ 5G→A were tested using for R117H two specifically designed primers which create a CFoI restriction site when the mutation is absent, and for all the other mutations a reverse dot blot assay (19). Login to comment

PMID: 9781062 [PubMed] Dequeker E et al: "Evaluation of CFTR gene mutation testing methods in 136 diagnostic laboratories: report of a large European external quality assessment."

No. Sentence Comment

2 These samples carried the following CFTR genotypes: dF508/N1303K; dI507/wild; dF508/G551D; dF508/621 + 1 GtoT; R553X/wild and 1717-1 GtoA/wild. Login to comment
30 This collection of samples contained the most frequently found CFTR mutations in Europe: dF508/N1303K, dI507/wild, dF508/G551D, dF508/621 + 1 GtoT, R553X/wild, and 1717-1 GtoA/wild. Login to comment
105 One of these laboratories could not distinguish the G551D from the R553X mutation. Login to comment
106 They tested for the presence of R553X by digestion of a multiplex PCR product (exons 9, 10 and 11) with Hinc II. Login to comment
107 On the data sheet, they indicated that R553X could only be distinguished from G551D in homozygotes but not in heterozygotes. Login to comment
108 From the laboratories which typed incorrectly, two reported R553X instead of G551D, based on restriction endonuclease digestions of PCR products with BgtN I and Hinc II, or Msp I. Login to comment
109 Two other laboratories reported dF508/R553X and G551D as the genotype for CF96-3. Login to comment
120 The fourth laboratory used restriction enzyme analysis to check for 621 + 1 GtoT but did not provide raw data or Table 3 Schematic overview of the results of the quality control trial Total sample Allele A Allele B Both Not Correct Correct alleles correctly incorrectly Testing labsa assignment Testing labsa assignment assigned assignedb n n n n n n Sample Allele A Allele B (% of total) (% of testing labs) (% of total) (% of testing labsa) (% of testing labsa) (% of all labs) CF96-1 dF508 N1303K 136 (100) 136 (100) 122 (90) 120 (98) 120 (98) 134 (99) CF96-2 dI507 wild 119 (87) 101 (85) 136 (100) 131 (96) 96 (81) 113 (83) CF96-3 dF508 G551D 136 (100) 136 (100) 127 (93) 123 (97) 123 (97) 131 (96) CF96-4 dF508 621+1 136 (100) 135 (99) 62 (46) 54 (87) 53 (85) 129 (95) GtoT CF96-5 R553X wild 123 (90) 119 (93) 136 (100) 134 (99) 117 (95) 130 (96) CF96-6 1717-1 wild 106 (78) 101 (92) 136 (100) 133 (98) 98 (92) 129 (95) GtoA a'Testing labs`: the labs that effectively tested for the particular mutation. Login to comment
124 Two laboratories reported dF508/R553X and the third the genotype dF508/R553X-3849 + 4AtoG. Login to comment
128 Samples CF96-5 (R553X/wild) This was correctly typed in 130 laboratories, ie 95.6% and incorrectly by the other six laboratories. Login to comment
129 Two laboratories wrote G553X instead of R553X for allele 1 on the data sheet, and apologised for the typing error afterwards. Login to comment
130 Two other laboratories reported the genotype wild/ wild, although testing for mutation R553X was performed. Login to comment
132 Although a very weak signal for the R553X mutation could be observed on the raw data, they interpreted the sample as wild type. Login to comment
134 One laboratory reported the genotype R553X/621 + 1 GtoT, which can only be explained if two samples were pooled. Login to comment
135 The last laboratory reported genotype R553X/3849 + 10 kb LtoT, but they required larger amounts of DNA to confirm their results in a new test. Login to comment
155 Table 6 Detailed genotyping results of the DNA samples included in the quality control trial No. of Sample Allele 1 Allele 2 laboratories Method used CF96-1 dF508 N1303K 119 dF508/N1303K dF508 - 13 dF508 or dI507 N1303K 1 dF508 or dI507 - 1 dF508 wild 1 Inno-Lipa CF2 dF508 dF508 1 Heteroduplex Analysis/ARMS CF96-2 dI507 wild 93 dI507/wild - wild 17 dI507 or dF508 wild 3 dF508 wild 17 13 ´ Heteroduplex analysis 1 ´ allele specific PCR 1 ´ GeneScan analysis 1 ´ ASO reverse dot blot wild wild 1 administration error (Inno-Lipa CF2) dI507 N1303K 1 home-made line probe assay dI507 dF508 4 3 ´ Inno-Lipa CF2 1 ´ method not specified CF96-3 dF508 G551D 120 dF508/G551D dF508 - 7 dF508 G551D or R553X 1 dF508/dI507 G551D 2 broken tube 1 dF580 R553X 2 Restriction enzyme analysis dF508 R553X and G551D 2 1 ´ Restriction enzyme analysis 1 ´ RFLP dF508 2183AAtoG 1 ASO dot blot CF96-4 dF508 621+1 GtoT 53 dF508/621+1GtoT dF508 - 73 dF508 or dI507 621+1 GtoT 1 dF508 or dI507 - 1 wild 621+1 GtoT 1 dF508 wild 4 1 ´ SSCP 1 ´ RFLP 1 ´ home-made reverse dot blot 1 ´ Restriction enzyme analysis dF508 R553X 2 1 ´ SSCP 1 ´ Reverse dot blot dF508 R553X/3849+4 AtoG 1 1 ´ Restriction/enzyme analysis CF96-5 R553X wild 115 R553X/wild - wild 8 R553X or G551D wild 2 No amplification 5 G553X wild 2 administration error wild wild 2 1 ´ ARMS 1 ´ Restriction enzyme analysis R553X 621+1 GtoT 1 RFLP R553X 3849+10kb LtoT 1 Restriction enzyme analysis/ sequencing CF96-6 1717-1 GtoA wild 99 1717-1 GtoA/wild - wild 30 1717-1 GtoA 1717-1 GtoA 3 3 ´ Inno-Lipa CF2 W1717 wild 1 SSCP wild wild 1 Restriction enzyme analysis S549R wild 1 DGGE 1717+1 GtoA wild 1 ARMS administration error almost half of all laboratories. Login to comment

PMID: 9788722 [PubMed] Petreska L et al: "Molecular basis of cystic fibrosis in the Republic of Macedonia."

No. Sentence Comment

40 The screening procedures of 17 other known CF mutations included detection of mutations in the PCR products of positive controls and samples by: a) direct analysis on PAGE for A1507 and 1677delTA, simultaneously to AF508; b) hybridization with ASOs for mutation R117H (21), 1717-1GdA (22), G542X (22), N1303K (23), and W1316X (24), and c) restriction digestion `followed by agarose or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (exon 3 PCR product digested with HinfI for CUE, exon 4 with HinfI for 444delA, exon 5 with RsaI for 711 + 5G --*A,exon 7 with HhaI for R347H or with RsaI for Q359K/T360, exon 11 with HincII for both G551D and R553X, exon 19 with DdeI for R1162X or with HphI for 3849G+A, a 175 bp PCR fragment of exon 13 with HaeIII for 2556insAT) (4). Login to comment
99 Mutations that are frequent in Bulgaria (1677delTA) (1l), and Serbia (G551D, R553X) (5, 10) were not found in this study. Login to comment

PMID: 9790686 [PubMed] Clancy JP et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) nucleotide-binding domain 1 (NBD-1) and CFTR truncated within NBD-1 target to the epithelial plasma membrane and increase anion permeability."

No. Sentence Comment

4 Furthermore, when clinically relevant CFTR proteins truncated within NBD-1 (R553X or G542X) are expressed, surface localization and enhanced halide permeability are again established. Login to comment
32 Expression of CFTR containing the clinically relevant mutations R553X or G542X, which each contain >70% of the NBD-1 motif, produce polypeptides that also target the cell membrane and enhance halide permeability in a manner similar to isolated NBD-1. Login to comment
45 Recombinant vaccinia viruses containing wtCFTR and CFTR containing a premature stop codon at position 542 (G542X) or 553 (R553X) under the regulatory control of the T7 promoter was generated from constructs in the pTM1 vector (15) using standard techniques (16). Login to comment
75 Immunoprecipitation of NBD-1, G542X, R553X, and wtCFTR. Login to comment
87 Digital Confocal Immunofluorescent Microscopy of COS-7 Cells Expressing wt or ∆F508 CFTR, G542X, or R553X. Login to comment
157 Expression of R553X and G542X CFTR in Mammalian Epithelial Cell Lines. Login to comment
160 We chose to study two clinically relevant mutant CFTR molecules possessing premature stop codons, G542X and R553X. Login to comment
161 These mutations are found in approximately 5% of the CF population (34) and include 72% (G542X) to 79% (R553X) of the NBD-1 (aa 432-586). Login to comment
162 Figure 6 shows detection of 35 S-labeled truncated proteins [~53 kDa (G542X); ~55 kDa (R553X)] from COS-7 cell lysates following vaccinia-based expression. Login to comment
176 This antibody recognizes an epitope in the first predicted extracellular loop of CFTR TM-1, which is shared by wtCFTR, R553X, and G542X. Login to comment
179 Figure 7 indicates a plasma membrane staining pattern in cells without detergent permeabilization following wtCFTR, R553X, and G542X expression, but not ∆F508 CFTR. Login to comment
181 These studies provide evidence of plasma membrane targeting by CFTR possessing either the G542X or R553X mutations. Login to comment
182 To determine whether either R553X or G542X CFTR had positive effects on basal cellular halide permeability, we performed SPQ analysis in COS-7 cells expressing these mutant cDNAs (Figure 8). Login to comment
185 The effects of R553X, G542X, and NBD-1 on COS-7 cell basal halide permeability were qualitatively and quantitatively similar (compare with Figure 5B). Login to comment
199 FIGURE 6: Immunoblot of wt, R553X, and G542X CFTR in COS-7 cells. Cells were labeled with translabel for 20 min at 12 h after infection and immunoprecipitated with anti-NBD-1 antibody as described in the Experimental Procedures. Lane A ) wtCFTR, lane B ) G542X, lane C ) R553X. Login to comment
202 Expression of truncated CFTR (R553X CFTR and G542X CFTR, Figures 6, 7, and 8) produces a protein which also targets the eukaryotic plasma membrane, enhancing cellular basal halide permeability. Login to comment
203 Neither R553X nor G542X produces cAMP-regulated halide permeability, and no full-length CFTR could be detected by immunoprecipitation, indicating that suppression of the premature termination codons is not responsible for the ion transport results shown here (39, 40). Login to comment
204 The enhanced basal halide permeability conferred by R553X and G542X is qualitatively and quantitatively similar to that produced by NBD-1 (Figure 5). Login to comment
205 We suggest that the truncated CFTR proteins G542X and R553X contain adequate domains and the appropriate cellular signals to fold into functional peptides and localize to the cell membrane. Login to comment
206 The common halide permeability enhancing effects produced by G542X, R553X, and isolated NBD-1 suggest that these three polypeptides share common amino acids (422-542 of the complete CFTR molecule) which may be able to activate halide permeability in several epithelial cell types. Login to comment
207 On the basis of the findings that R553X and G542X retain surface localizing and residual halide transport function, we recently studied five patients possessing at least one of these alleles, but found no evidence of residual Cl-secretion during a nasal potential difference protocol (25). Login to comment
211 In either case, our results clearly establish that, unlike class II CFTR mutations (34), R553X and G542X CFTR are capable of escaping intracellular degradation, targetting the plasma membrane, and forming functional proteins that maintain some residual halide transport function. Login to comment
213 FIGURE 7: Localization of wtCFTR, R553X, and G542X to the cell surface in COS-7 cells by confocal immunocytochemistry. Login to comment
217 Lower panels from left to right are (D) G542X without permeabilization, (E) R553X without permeabilization, and (F) vT7 controls with permeabilization. Login to comment
218 FIGURE 8: R553X or G542X expression increases halide permeability in COS-7 cells. Cells grown on glass coverslips were studied by SPQ as in Figure 5. Login to comment
222 (B) Dequench of the R553X expressing cells was significantly elevated above controls (P < 0.0001 compared with vT7 expressing cells). Login to comment

PMID: 9895335 [PubMed] Cremonesi L et al: "Validation of double gradient denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis through multigenic retrospective analysis."

No. Sentence Comment

31 Mutations and polymorphisms analyzed in the CFTR gene. Position Denaturant gradient Mutation Exon 1 40-90% 125G/Ca,b M1V (A3G at 133) 175insT 182delT Exon 3 10-60% W57G (T3G at 301) 356G/Aa G85E (G3A at 386) Exon 4 20-70% R117H (G3A at 482) 541delC 621ϩ1G3T I148T (T3C at 575) Exon 5 20-70% E193K (G3A at 709) Intron 5 20-70% 711ϩ3A3G Exon 7 20-70% 1078delT R334W (C3T at 1132) T338I (C3T at 1145) R347P (G3C at 1172)b R347H (G3A at 1172) R352Q (G3A at 1187) Exon 10 20-70% M470V (1540A/G)a ⌬F508 (del 3 bp at 1652) Intron 10 10-60% 1717-1G3A Exon 11 10-60% G542X (G3T at 1756) 1784delG R553X (C3T at 1789) Exon 12 10-60% D579G (A3G at 1868) E585X (G3T at 1885) Intron 12 10-60% 1898ϩ3A3G Exon 13 30-80% 2183AA3G E730X (G3T at 2320) L732X (T3G at 2327) 2347delG Exon 14a 10-60% T854T (2694T/G)a V868V (2736G/A)a Intron 14b 30-80% 2789ϩ5G3A Exon 15 20-70% M952I (G3C at 2988)b Exon 17a 20-70% L997F (G3C at 3123)b Exon 17b 20-70% F1052V (T3G at 3286) R1066C (C3T at 3328) R1066H (G3A at 3329) A1067T (G3A at 3331) Exon 18 20-70% D1152H (G3C at 3586)b Exon 19 30-80% R1158X (C3T at 3604) Exon 20 20-70% S1251N (G3A at 3384) W1282X (G3A at 3978) Exon 21 20-70% N1303K (C3G at 4041)b Exon 22 30-80% G1349D (G3A at 4178) 4382delA Exon 24 30-80% Y1424Y (4404C/T)a a Polymorphism. Login to comment

PMID: 9917439 [PubMed] Wilschanski M et al: "Clinical and genetic risk factors for cystic fibrosis-related liver disease."

No. Sentence Comment

32 The correlation between liver disease and CF genotype was studied in seven mutations associated with the severe phenotype: ⌬F508, R553X, 1717-1G-ϾA, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, and G551D.2,14 No significant cor- From the *Department of Pediatrics, Cystic Fibrosis Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem; ‡Cystic Fibrosis Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa; §Cystic Fibrosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer; ࿣Cystic Fibrosis Center, Schneider Children`s Medical Center, Petah Tikva; ¶Cystic Fibrosis Center, Soroka Medical Center, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheba; #Cystic Fibrosis Center, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa; **Cystic Fibrosis Center, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem; ‡‡Department of Medical Statistics, Ichilov Medical Center, Tel Aviv; and §§Department of Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. Login to comment

PMID: 9950364 [PubMed] Padoa C et al: "Cystic fibrosis carrier frequencies in populations of African origin."

No. Sentence Comment

15 Together, eight mutations (405+3A→C, 444delA, G480C, R553X, A559T, 2307insA, 3120+1G→A, and S1255X) account for 23.1% of African-American CF chromosomes. Login to comment

PMID: 15300780 [PubMed] Wong LJ et al: "Detection of CFTR mutations using temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis."

No. Sentence Comment

89 For example, the p.Q98X and p.Q98R mutations in exon 4; and p.S466X and p.S492F mutations in exon 10, were detected in the temperature range of 52-607C and 51- 577C, respectively. The p.G542X, p.R553X, p.S549N, and p.A559T in exon 11; p.A561E, c.189811G.A, and c.189813A.G in exon 12; and p.W1204X in exon 19; were detected in the temperature range of 51 to 567C. Login to comment
96 Detection of known mutations and polymorphisms by TTGE Base substitution Mutation Exon or intron Homozygote or heterozygote Polymorphism or mutation # Alleles detected 1 c.386G.A p.G85E 3 Heterozygote Mutation 2 2 c.575T.C p.I148T 4 Heterozygote Mutation 2 3 c.406-1G.A Splice Int 4 Heterozygote Mutation 9 4 c.71111G.T Splice Int 5 Heterozygote Mutation 1 5 c.1059_1069del 3bp p.F311del 7 Heterozygote Mutation 2 6 c.1132C.T p.R334W 7 Heterozygote Mutation 2 7 c.1652_1655del 3bp p.F508del 10 Heterozygote Mutation 94 8 Homozygote Mutation 12 c.1540A/G p.M470V 10 Heterozygote Polymorphism 15 9 Homozygote Polymorphism 4 c.1756G.T p.G542X 11 Heterozygote Mutation 13 10 c.1784G.A p.G551D 11 Heterozygote Mutation 1 11 c.1778G.A p.S549N 11 Heterozygote Mutation 4 12 c.1789C.T p.R553X 11 Homozygote Mutation 2 13 c.1807G.A p.A559T 11 Heterozygote Mutation 2 14 c.189811G.A Splice Int 12 Heterozygote Mutation 1 15 c.1949del84bp Frameshift 13 Heterozygote Mutation 3 16 c.278915G.A Splice Int 14b Heterozygote Mutation 2 17 c.312011G.A Splice Int 16 Heterozygote Mutation 9 18 c.3171delC Frameshift 17a Heterozygote Mutation 1 19 c.3398G.A p.W1089X 17b Heterozygote Mutation 1 20 c.3425G.A p.W1098X 17b Heterozygote Mutation 1 21 c.3616C.T p.R1162X 19 Heterozygote Mutation 2 22 c.3791delC Frameshift 19 Heterozygote Mutation 1 23 c.3821delT Frameshift 19 Heterozygote Mutation 1 24 c.3876delA Frameshift 20 Heterozygote Mutation 4 25 c.3905insT Frameshift 20 Heterozygote Mutation 1 26 c.4041C.G p.N1303K 21 Heterozygote Mutation 2 Total 194 The translation starts at c.133 of CFTR CDNA sequence in GenBank Acc. Login to comment

PMID: 17331079 [PubMed] Alonso MJ et al: "Spectrum of mutations in the CFTR gene in cystic fibrosis patients of Spanish ancestry."

No. Sentence Comment

52 Mutation 0.46-0.35 9 c.1078delT #, p.R347P # 8 p.G85V, c.621 + 1G > T #, p.S549R (T > G) #, p.R553X #, c.3849 + 10kbC > T # 7 p.R347H #, c.1812-1G > A, p.R709X 0.30-0.10 6 p.H199Y, p.P205S, 5 p.R117H #, p.G551D #, p.W1089X, p.Y1092X, CFTR50kbdel 4 c.296 + 3insT, c.1717-1G > A #, c.1949del84, c.3849 + 1G > A 3 p.E92K, c.936delTA, c.1717-8G > A, c.1341G > A, p.A561E, c.2603delT, p.G1244E, [p.D1270N; p.R74W] 2 p.Q2X, p.P5L, CFTRdele2,3, p.S50P, p.E60K, c.405 + 1G > A, c.1677delTA, p.L558S, p.G673X, p.R851X, p.Y1014C, p.Q1100P, p.M1101K, p.D1152H, CFTRdele19, p.G1244V, p.Q1281X, p.Y1381X <0,1 1 c.124del23bp, p.Q30X, p.W57X, c.406-1G > A, p.Q98R, p.E115del, c.519delT, p.L159S, c.711 + 3A > T, p.W202X, c.875 + 1G > A, p.E278del, p.W361R, c.1215delG, p.L365P, p.A399D, c.1548delG, p.K536X, p.R560G, c.1782delA, p.L571S, [p.G576A; p.R668C], p.T582R, p.E585X, c.1898 + 1G > A, c.1898 + 3A > G, c.2051delTT, p.E692X, p.R851L, c.2711delT, c.2751 + 3A > G, c.2752-26A > G, p.D924N, p.S945L, c.3121-1G > A, p.V1008D, p.L1065R, [p.R1070W; p.R668C], [p.F1074L; 5T], p.H1085R, p.R1158X, c.3659delC #, c.3667del4, c.3737delA, c.3860ins31, c.3905insT #, c.4005 + 1G > A, p.T1299I, p.E1308X, p.Q1313X, c.4095 + 2T > A, rearrangements study (n = 4) Mutations identified in CF families with mixed European origin: c.182delT, p.L1254X, c.4010del4. Login to comment
105 Our impression is that Table 3 Common CF mutations identified in this study and in several Latin American populations Mutation This study Hispanic1 Mexico2 Colombia3 Brazil4 Argentina5 Chile6 p.F508del 51.7 51.6 40.7 41.8 48.4 58.6 45.0 p.G542X 7.7 4.0 6.2 3.8 8.8 4.1 7.0 p.N1303K 2.9 0.8 2.0 0.5 2.5 2.7 - c.1811 + 1,6kbA > G 1.8 - - 6.5 - 0.9 - p.R334W 1.8 1.6 - 0.5 2.5 1.1 2.0 p.L206W 1.6 - - - 0.6 - - c.711 + 1G > T 1.6 - - - - - - p.Q890X 1.4 - - - - - - p.R1162X 1.3 0.8 - 1.1 2.5 0.4 2.0 c.2789 + 5G > A 1.2 - - 0.5 0.3 0.7 - p.R1066C 1.2 1.6 - 0.5 - 0.2 - p.I507del 1.0 - 2.6 - - 0.7 - c.2183AA > G 0.8 - 1.0 - 0.2 - p.G85E 0.7 0.8 0.5 - 1.3 0.7 - p.W1282X 0.7 0.8 - 1.1 1.3 2.7 5.0 c.3849 + 10kbC > T 0.4 4.0 0.5 - - 0.9 3.0 p.S549N - 2.4 2.6 - - - - c.3120 + 1G > A - 1.6 - 0.5 - - - c.3876delA - 5.6 - - - - - c.406-1G > A - 1.6 1.5 - - - - c.935delA - 1.6 1.0 - - - - p.R75X - 0.8 1.5 - - - - c.2055del9 - - 1.0 - - - - p.I506T - - 1.0 - - - - c.3199del6 - - 1.0 - - - - p.S549R 0.4 - - 2.2 - 0.2 - c.1717-1G > A 0.2 - - - 0.3 1.1 - p.G551D 0.2 0.8 0.5 - - - 1.0 p.R553X 0.4 - 0.5 - 0.6 0.2 1.0 No. Login to comment

PMID: 17440499 [PubMed] Keymolen K et al: "Clinical outcome of preimplantation genetic diagnosis for cystic fibrosis: the Brussels' experience."

No. Sentence Comment

66 Table 1 Assessment of CF risk Couples with PGD (n ¼ 47) Couples without PGD (n ¼ 22) All couples (n ¼ 69)(%) CF risk assessment Affected child or foetus 23 14 37 (53.6) CBAVD (without other CF complaints) 7 3 10 (14.5) During fertility work-up (not CBAVD) 10 10 (14.5) Positive family history 3 2 5 (7.2) CF patient (with CBAVD in males) 4 4 (5.8) Unknown 2 2 (2.9) Preconceptual screening 1 1 (1.4) Table 2 Reasons for choosing PGD Couples with PGD (n ¼ 47) Couples without PGD (n ¼ 22) All couples (n ¼ 69) Reason for choosing/informing about PGD Fertility problems 24 7 31 (44.9%) Objection to abortion 15 2 17 (24.6%) History of termination of pregnancy 8 1 9 (13%) Unknown 11 11 (15.9%) Other 1 1 (1.4%) Table 3 Genotypes of the couples with PGD cycles Female partner Male partner Number of couples with this genotype p.F508del/- p.F508del/- 17 p.F508del/- p.R117H/- (7T/9T) 1 p.2789+5G4A/- p.D110H/p.D110H 1 p.G542X/- p.F508del/- 1 p.R334Q/- p.F508del/- 1 p.R553X/- p.F508del/- 2 p.1717-1G4A p.2183AA4G/5T 1 p.F508del/- p.F508del/? Login to comment

PMID: 19883345 [PubMed] Christie LM et al: "Outcomes of a cystic fibrosis carrier testing clinic for couples."

No. Sentence Comment

72 This provides each individual with information on their carrier status, and accurate residual risks of 1 CFTR mutations tested for in individuals whose partner was a carrier of p.F508del* p.F508del p.F316leufsX p.I507del p.R347P p.G542X p.S1251N p.G551D p.E60X p.N1303K p.W1282X c.1585-1G>A p.D1152H p.R553X c.2988+1G>A c.489+G>T c.2657+5G>A p.R117H c.1766+1G>A p.R1162X c.579+1G>A c.3717+10kbC>T p.G85E p.R334W p.K684fs p.A455E p.I148T p.K684fs p.R560T p.T1176fs CFTR = gene encoding cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. Login to comment

PMID: 20502448 [PubMed] Joergensen MT et al: "Genetic, epidemiological, and clinical aspects of hereditary pancreatitis: a population-based cohort study in Denmark."

No. Sentence Comment

57 The samples were also tested for 33 CFTR mutations, and all 6 classeswererepresented:394delTT,p.R553X,621+1G>T,p.R1162X, 1717-1G>A,3659delC,p.G542X,2183AA>G,p.W1282X,1078delT, 711+1G>T, F508del, p.S549N, I507del, p.S549R, 2184delA, p.G551D, p.G85E, p.N1303K, p.R560T, p.R117H, p.R347H, p.R347P, p.R334W, 2789+5G>A, 3849+10kbC>T, p.A445E, 3120+1G>A, p.V520F,1898+1G>A,3876delA,3905insT,andIVS8-5T.DNAwas amplified by multiplex PCR (Hybaid 4 A62, Middlesex, UK). Login to comment

PMID: 21036675 [PubMed] Lay-Son G et al: "Cystic fibrosis in Chilean patients: Analysis of 36 common CFTR gene mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

5 Mutations with frequencies greater than 1% were p.F508del (30.3% of alleles), p.R334W (3.3%), p.G542X (2.4%), c.3849+10Kb CNT (1.7%), and p.R553X (1.2%). Login to comment
52 In addition, another 4 mutations had a frequency greater than 1% (p.R334W, p.G542X, c.3849+10Kb CNT, and p.R553X), encompassing 8.5% of the total alleles or 20.2% of detected alleles, while 6 mutations were found in only one family. Login to comment
61 The p.R553X mutation was found in all three zones but was over-represented in the northern area (5.0% or 3/60 alleles), where it was the second most common after p.F508del. Login to comment
81 Mutation This study Rios et al. [4] Molina et al. [5] Repetto et al. [6] Perez et al. [13] CFGAC [2] (n=578) (%) (n=72) (%) (n=36) (%) (n=100) (%) (n=4102) (%) (n=43,849) (%) Chile Chile Chile Chile Latin-Americaa Worldwide Unknown 58.0 66.6 61.1 34.0 36.7 22.7 p.F508del 30.6 29.2 30.6 45.0 47.1 66.0 p.R334W 3.1 - - 2.0 0.8 0.1 p.G542X 2.4 0 8.3 7.0 5.0 2.4 c.3849+10Kb CNT 1.7 - - 3.0 0.3 0.2 p.R553X 1.2 4.2 0 1.0 0.4 0.7 p.R1162X 0.9 - - 2.0 1.0 0.3 p.1078delT 0.5 - - 0 b0.1 0.1 p.G85E 0.5 - - - 0.8 0.2 p.W1282X 0.2 - - 5.0 1.0 1.2 c.3120+1 GNA 0.2 - - - 0.3 - c.711+1 GNT 0.2 - - - 0.1 0.1 p.R117H 0.2 - - 0 b0.1 0.3 p.A455E 0.2 - - 0 0 0.1 p.I148T 0.2 - - - - - p.G551D 0 0 0 1.0 0.1 1.6 p.N1303K 0 0 0 0 1.8 1.3 c.621+1 GNT 0 - - 0 0.2 0.7 c.1717-1 GNA 0 - - 0 0.3 0.6 p.I507del 0 - - 0 0.2 0.2 p.R347P 0 - - 0 0 0.2 c.2789+5 GNA 0 - - - 0.2 0.1 c.1898+1 GNA 0 - - - 0.1 0.1 c.2184delA 0 - - - b0.1 0.1 p.S549N 0 - 0 - 0.1 0.1 c.3659delC 0 - - 0 0.1 0.1 p.R560T 0 - - - 0 0.1 c.1811+1.6Kb ANG 0 - - - 0.4 - c.2183AANG 0 - - 0 0.1 - p.S549R 0 - - - 0.1 - c.3272-26 ANG 0 - - - 0.1 - c.3199del6 0 - - - b0.1 - p.E60X 0 - - 0 0 - c.3905insT 0 - - - 0 - p.S1251N 0 - - 0 - - CFTRdele2,3 0 - - - - - p.R347H 0 - - - - - p.V520F 0 - - - - - p.Q552X 0 - - - - - c.394delTT 0 - - - - - c.711+1 GNA 0 - - - - - c.2143delT 0 - - - - - c.3876delA 0 - - - - - a Data from Chilean patients published in Rios et al., Molina et al., and Repetto et al. [4-6] included in this publication were excluded in this table to avoid repetition. Login to comment

PMID: 19467940 [PubMed] Tomaiuolo R et al: "An MBL2 haplotype and ABCB4 variants modulate the risk of liver disease in cystic fibrosis patients: a multicentre study."

No. Sentence Comment

41 To reduce the possible influence of the CFTR genotype on the liver, we selected only patients who were homozygotes for the F508del mutation (about 80%) or compound heterozygotes for the F508del and another severe (class 1, 2 or 3) CFTR mutation (i.e., c.1717-1G>A; p.G542X; p.NI303K; c.1782delT; c.182delT; c.3659delC; c.4016insT; dele17a-18; p.E585X; p.R553X). Login to comment

PMID: 1381146 [PubMed] Fuller CM et al: "CFTR!"

No. Sentence Comment

366 AF508/AF508 G551D/G551D G542X/G458V G542X/G542X R553X/W1316X N369X/unknown R553X/R553X G551S/G551S G368Xlunknown AF508/R117H PI PI PI PI PI PI PI PS PS PS Severe 116 Severe 181 Severe 49 Mild 49 Mild 50 Mild 102 Moderate-Severe 13 Mild 181 Mild 102 Mild 55 Comparison of genotype with phenotype for some CF-associated mutations. Login to comment
416 Cutting et al. (50) have investigated two individuals heterozygous for two different nonsense mutations (S 1255X, G542X and Wl316X, R553X). Login to comment
436 A recent study of CFTR mRNA levels in CF patients failed to detect any CFTR message from airway cells carrying the double nonsense mutation R553X/Wl316X. Login to comment
437 CFTR mRNA levels were also reduced in a compound nonsense/missense heterozygote (R553X/ S549N). Login to comment

PMID: 1375156 [PubMed] Bremer S et al: "Quantitative expression patterns of multidrug-resistance P-glycoprotein (MDR1) and differentially spliced cystic-fibrosis transmembrane-conductance regulator mRNA transcripts in human epithelia."

No. Sentence Comment

138 After screening for the Phe508 deletion (Kerem et al., 1989), most CFTR mutations were investigated by restriction analysis of PCR products (R334W, R347P, A455E, G551D, R553X, R1162X, W1282X) (Cutting et al., 1990; Dean et al., 1990; Gasparini et al., 1991; Kerem et al., 1990; Vidaud et al., 1990). Login to comment
257 The CF patients were either dF508 homozygotes (n = I) or were dF508 compound heterozygotes (n = 3) with R347P (Dean et al., 1990), R553X (Cutting et al., 1990)or a yet-unpublished frameshift mutation in CFTR as the second CF-causing mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 23071149 [PubMed] Okiyoneda T et al: "Fixing cystic fibrosis by correcting CFTR domain assembly."

No. Sentence Comment

14 Class I mutations include nonsense mutations (G542X and R553X), generating premature termination codons and frame-shift mutations that lead to truncated and/or and nonfunctional protein (Fig. 1). Login to comment

PMID: 22698459 [PubMed] Lubamba B et al: "Cystic fibrosis: insight into CFTR pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy."

No. Sentence Comment

982 Class Mutation prototypes Consequences Severe CF phenotype I G542X, W1282X, R553X, 3950delT CFTR is not synthesized because of stop codons or splicing defects II F508del, N1303K CFTR is synthesized but in an immature form (only partly glycosylated, misfolded, not released from the endoplasmic reticulum) and is mostly degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasomal pathway III G551D CFTR is synthesized and transported to the plasma membrane, but its activation and regulation by ATP or cAMP are disrupted Milder CF phenotype IV R334W, G314E, R347P, D1152H CFTR is synthesized and expressed at the plasma membrane, but chloride conductance is reduced V 3849+10 kb C>T, 3272-26 A>G CFTR synthesis or processing is partly defective Severe CF phenotype VI 1811+1.6 kb A>G CFTR is synthesized, but membrane stability or conductance of ions other than chloride is reduced Fig. 2. Login to comment

PMID: 22311127 [PubMed] Watts KD et al: "Hispanic Infants with cystic fibrosis show low CFTR mutation detection rates in the Illinois newborn screening program."

No. Sentence Comment

42 The most common were ΔF508, R117H, G542X, G551D, 3120 +1G>A, ΔI507, 3659delC, 3849 +10kb C>T, and ΔF311, showing overlap but not concordance with the most common mutations reported by the CF Foundation (CFF) Annual Data Report 2009 (ΔF508, G542X, G551D, R117H, W1282X, N1303K and R553X). Login to comment
44 Compared to Hispanic CF patients in the 2004 CFF patient registry, our Hispanic CF IL NBS patients have fewer premature stop codon mutations (eg.G542X,R1162X,R553X)(0% vs. 5.2%), a lower frequency of ΔF508(36.7% vs. 44.7%) and more unidentified mutations (23.5% vs. 15.7%). Login to comment

PMID: 22992393 [PubMed] Liu LC et al: "Cystic fibrosis: Experience in one institution."

No. Sentence Comment

6 Case 4 was homozygous for the CFTR gene mutation R553X being reported in 2005 and complicated with cor pulmonale. Login to comment
60 CF was suspected and confirmed by DNA analysis with homozygosity for the CFTR gene mutation R553X. Login to comment
61 Both of his parents were heterozygous for the CFTR gene mutation R553X (Fig. 3). Login to comment
73 In addition to Cases 2 and 3 in this report, the nucleotide mutation of c. 1898þ;5 G->T was reported previously in four Taiwanese patients.2 The homozygous R553X mutation in Case 4 had defective regulation and the CFTR was not activated by ATP or cyclic AMP; this is accounted for in 0.9% of CF patients. Login to comment
74 Most of the R553X mutations are heterozygous and only two cases of homozygosity for R553X have been reported to date.2,5 The clinical manifestations of CF vary. Login to comment
59 CF was suspected and confirmed by DNA analysis with homozygosity for the CFTR gene mutation R553X. Login to comment
72 In addition to Cases 2 and 3 in this report, the nucleotide mutation of c. 1898&#fe;5 G->T was reported previously in four Taiwanese patients.2 The homozygous R553X mutation in Case 4 had defective regulation and the CFTR was not activated by ATP or cyclic AMP; this is accounted for in 0.9% of CF patients. Login to comment

PMID: 22950544 [PubMed] Marson FA et al: "Polymorphisms in ADRB2 gene can modulate the response to bronchodilators and the severity of cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

47 The patients underwent two perspiration tests of chlorine and sodium with chlorine levels equal to or greater than 60 mEq/L, and/or identification of two mutations in CFTR gene [F508del, G542X, G551D, R553X, R1162X, I618T and N1303K]. Login to comment
73 Table 1 Characteristics of patients included in the study (N = 122)1 Male 48.8 % Age 246.68 ± 168,73 months (87 - 932 months) Caucasoid 93.4% BMI - Thinness and Thinness accentuated 22.3% SaO2 94.87 ± 4.53 (66 - 99) Bhalla 9.41 ± 5.57 (0 - 25) Kanga 19.37 ± 5.01 (11 - 40) Shwachman-Kulczycki 65.41 ± 16.02 (20 - 95) FVC (%) 78.27 ± 22.86 (19 - 135) FEV1 (%) 70.28 ± 26.17 (17 - 125) FEV1/FVC (%) 83.83 ± 15.79 (37 - 137) FEF25-75% 58.50 ± 34.83 (7 - 150) FVC (%) reversibility 0.92 ± 10.48 (-27 - 32) FEV1 (%) reversibility 2.15 ± 9.45 (-12 - 31) FEV1/FVC (%) reversibility 2.84 ± 9.69 (-19 - 47) FEF25-75% reversibility 7.24 ± 9.43(-12 - 30) Nasal Polyps 21.7% Diabetes mellitus 20.8% Osteoporosis 20.8% Pancreatic insufficiency 76% Meconium ileus 9.1% P. aeruginosa status 2 53.7% P. aeruginosa mucoid status 2 45.5% B. cepacia status 2 9.1% A. xylosoxidans status 2 9.9% S. aureus status 2 78.5% CFTR mutation F508del/F508del 29 (24%) F508del/G542X 10 (8.3%) F508del/N1303K 3 (2.5%) F508del/R1162X 3 (2.5%) F508del/R553X 1 (0.8%) G542X/I618T 1 (0.8%) G542X/R1162X 1 (0.8%) F508del/No identified mutation 26 (21.5%) G542X/No identified mutation 4 (3.3%) No identified mutation 43 (35.3%) N - Sample size; BMI - body mass index; % - percentage; FVC - forced vital capacity; FEV1 - forced expiratory volume in the first second; FEF25-75% - forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of CVF. 1. Continuous variables expressed as mean ± SD (range). Login to comment
42 The patients underwent two perspiration tests of chlorine and sodium with chlorine levels equal to or greater than 60 mEq/L, and/or identification of two mutations in CFTR gene [F508del, G542X, G551D, R553X, R1162X, I618T and N1303K]. Login to comment
93 Buscher et al. (2002) [17] used the following markers: Table 1 Characteristics of patients included in the study (N = 122)1 Male 48.8 % Age 246.68 &#b1; 168,73 months (87 - 932 months) Caucasoid 93.4% BMI - Thinness and Thinness accentuated 22.3% SaO2 94.87 &#b1; 4.53 (66 - 99) Bhalla 9.41 &#b1; 5.57 (0 - 25) Kanga 19.37 &#b1; 5.01 (11 - 40) Shwachman-Kulczycki 65.41 &#b1; 16.02 (20 - 95) FVC (%) 78.27 &#b1; 22.86 (19 - 135) FEV1 (%) 70.28 &#b1; 26.17 (17 - 125) FEV1/FVC (%) 83.83 &#b1; 15.79 (37 - 137) FEF25-75% 58.50 &#b1; 34.83 (7 - 150) FVC (%) reversibility 0.92 &#b1; 10.48 (-27 - 32) FEV1 (%) reversibility 2.15 &#b1; 9.45 (-12 - 31) FEV1/FVC (%) reversibility 2.84 &#b1; 9.69 (-19 - 47) FEF25-75% reversibility 7.24 &#b1; 9.43(-12 - 30) Nasal Polyps 21.7% Diabetes mellitus 20.8% Osteoporosis 20.8% Pancreatic insufficiency 76% Meconium ileus 9.1% P. aeruginosa status 2 53.7% P. aeruginosa mucoid status 2 45.5% B. cepacia status 2 9.1% A. xylosoxidans status 2 9.9% S. aureus status 2 78.5% CFTR mutation F508del/F508del 29 (24%) F508del/G542X 10 (8.3%) F508del/N1303K 3 (2.5%) F508del/R1162X 3 (2.5%) F508del/R553X 1 (0.8%) G542X/I618T 1 (0.8%) G542X/R1162X 1 (0.8%) F508del/No identified mutation 26 (21.5%) G542X/No identified mutation 4 (3.3%) No identified mutation 43 (35.3%) N - Sample size; BMI - body mass index; % - percentage; FVC - forced vital capacity; FEV1 - forced expiratory volume in the first second; FEF25-75% - forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of CVF. 1. Continuous variables expressed as mean &#b1; SD (range). Login to comment

PMID: 22658665 [PubMed] Ooi CY et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations in pancreatitis."

No. Sentence Comment

847 Total PI Total PI+PS PIP score 621+1G>T 96 96 1.00 Classes I - III 711+1G>T 36 36 1.00 Classes I - III R553X 24 24 1.00 Classes I - III I507del 34 34 1.00 Classes I - III G542X 74 75 0.99 Classes I - III F508del 1276 1324 0.96 Classes I - III 1717-1G>A 20 21 0.95 Classes I - III W1282X 19 20 0.95 Classes I - III N1303K 45 48 0.94 Classes I - III R1162X 12 13 0.92 Classes I - III G551D 59 67 0.88 Classes I - III G85E 16 22 0.73 Classes I - III A455E 18 37 0.49 Classes IV - V 2789+5G>A 6 16 0.38 Classes IV - V R334W 1 10 0.10 Classes IV - V 3849+10kbC>T 2 22 0.09 Classes IV - V R117H 1 25 0.04 Classes IV - V Mutation Canadian Consortium for CF Genetic Studies Mutation class The PIP score for a specific mutation is the ratio between the pancreatic insufficient patients carrying the mutation (Total PI) and all pancreatic insufficient and sufficient patients (Total PI+PS) carrying the same mutation in a homozygous state or heterozygous in a combination with a severe mutation such as F508del, G551D or a Class I mutation. Login to comment
855 CFTR mutation Total PI Total PI + PS PIP score CFTR mutation Total PI Total PI + PS PIP score 621+1G>T 96 96 1.00 G542X 74 75 0.99 711+1G>T 36 36 1.00 F508del 1276 1324 0.96 I507del 34 34 1.00 1717-1G>A 20 21 0.95 R553X 24 24 1.00 W1282X 19 20 0.95 Q493X 11 11 1.00 N1303K 45 48 0.94 S489X 11 11 1.00 R1162X 12 13 0.92 1154insTC 10 10 1.00 Y1092X 12 13 0.92 3659delC 9 9 1.00 I148T 10 11 0.91 CFTRdele2 7 7 1.00 V520F 9 10 0.90 4016insT 7 7 1.00 G551D 59 67 0.88 E60X 7 7 1.00 L1077P 5 6 0.83 R560T 7 7 1.00 R1066C 5 6 0.83 R1158X 7 7 1.00 2184insA 9 12 0.75 3905insT 6 6 1.00 2143delT 3 4 0.75 I148T;3199del6 5 5 1.00 1161delC 3 4 0.75 2183AA>G 5 5 1.00 3120+1G>A 3 4 0.75 1898+1G>A 5 5 1.00 S549N 3 4 0.75 2347delG 4 4 1.00 G85E 16 22 0.73 Q1313X 3 3 1.00 R117C 2 3 0.67 Q220X 3 3 1.00 M1101K 19 30 0.63 2184delA 3 3 1.00 P574H 3 5 0.60 1078delT 3 3 1.00 474del13BP 1 2 0.50 L1254X 3 3 1.00 R352Q 1 2 0.50 E585X 3 3 1.00 Q1291H 1 2 0.50 3876delA 2 2 1.00 A455E 18 37 0.49 S4X 2 2 1.00 R347P 6 15 0.40 R1070Q 2 2 1.00 2789+5G>A 6 16 0.38 F508C 2 2 1.00 L206W 6 18 0.33 DELI507 2 2 1.00 IVS8-5T 4 16 0.25 Q1411X 2 2 1.00 3272-26A>G 1 4 0.25 365-366insT 2 2 1.00 R334W 1 10 0.10 R709X 2 2 1.00 3849+10kbC>T 2 22 0.09 1138insG 2 2 1.00 P67L 1 14 0.07 CFTRdele2-4 2 2 1.00 R117H 1 25 0.04 3007delG 2 2 1.00 R347H 0 5 0.00 Q814X 2 2 1.00 G178R 0 3 0.00 394delTT 2 2 1.00 E116K 0 2 0.00 406-1G>A 2 2 1.00 875+1G>C 0 2 0.00 R75X 2 2 1.00 V232D 0 2 0.00 CFTRdel2-3 2 2 1.00 D579G 0 2 0.00 E193X 2 2 1.00 L1335P 0 2 0.00 185+1G>T 2 2 1.00 Mild mutations (based on PIP scores) are shaded in gray. Login to comment

PMID: 22892530 [PubMed] Sobczynska-Tomaszewska A et al: "Newborn screening for cystic fibrosis: Polish 4 years' experience with CFTR sequencing strategy."

No. Sentence Comment

57 Mutations D537N and P731L have not been Period of NBS CF Method The most frequent mutations in Polish population under analysis September 2006 - December 2007 Estonia Asper Biotech assay E60X, G85E, 394delTT, R117H, R117P, R117L, I148T, 621G>A, 711+1G>T, 711+5G>A, 1078delT, R334W, R347H, R347P, R347L, IVS8-T, A455E, I507del, F508del, 1717-1G>A, G542X, p.G551D, Q552X, R553X, R553G, R560T, R560K, 1898+1G>A, 1898+1G>T, 1898+1G>C, 2143delT, 2184delA, 2183AA>G, 2789+5G>A, 3120+1G>A, 3199del6, 3272-26A>G, R1162X, 3659delC, 3849+10kbC>T, 3905insT, S1235R, S1251N, W1282X, W1282C, N1303K, CFTRdele2,3 January 2007 - June 2009 Sanger sequencing of exons: 4, 7, 10, 11, 13, 21, fragment of intron 19 F508del, CFTRdele2,3, 3849+10kbC>T, R117H+IVS8-T*, R334W, R347P, 1717-1G>A, G542X, R553X, K710X, 2184insA, 2143delT, 2183AA>G, N1303K July 2009 - currently Sanger sequencing of exons: 7, 10, 11, 13, 17b, 20, 21, fragment of intron 19 F508del, CFTRdele2,3, 3849+10kbC>T, R334W, R347P, 1717-1G>A, G542X, R553X, K710X, 2184insA, 2143delT, 2183AA>G, N1303K, 3272-26A>G**, W1282X** * removed from DNA analysis since July 2009 , **added into DNA analysis since July 2009 Figure 1 NBS CF in Poland. Login to comment
72 Table 2 Genotypes of CF newborns with mutations not included into common commercial kits applied in Poland and European countries* Genotype Number of cases [F508del]; [1767-8T4A*] 1 [F508del];[2184insA*] 6 [F508del];[E33X*] 1 [F508del];[F1286C*] 1 [F508del];[G314R*] 1 [F508del];[K710X*] 1 [F508del];[W1282R*] 1 [F508del];[1898 þ 1G4C*] 1 [F508del];[3600 þ 2insT*] 1 [F508del];[F1052V*] 1 [F508del];[V1240G*] 1 [F508del];[T582I*] 1 [2143delT];[R1102X*] 1 [2143delT];[2721del11*] 1 [3272-26A4G];[K967S*] 1 [CFTRdele2,3];[Y1092X*] 1 [K710X*];[K710X*] 1 [L732X*];[3600 þ 2insT*] 1 [N1303K];[2184insA*] 1 [N1303L];[T1036I*] 1 [R553X];[3182ins8*] 1 [2143delT];[V1240G*] 1 [R553X];[Trp356X*] 1 [L997F*];[1210-12T[5];1210-13G4T] 1 Total 29 Table 3 Frequency of CFTR mutations in Polish CF patients from newborns screening programme CFTR mutations Frequency according to Bobadilla et al15 Frequency according to NBS CF results (all ¼ 442 CF alleles) Name Position % % F508del Exon11 57.1 62.4 3849 þ 10kbC4T Intron 22 2.7 3.0 G542X Exon 12 2.6 1.6 1717-1G4A Intron 11 2.4 1.4 R553X Exon 12 1.9 2.5 CFTRdele2,3 Exons 2 and 3 1.8 6.2 N1303K Exon 24 1.8 2.1 2143delT Exon 14 No data 2.8 2184insA Exon 14 No data 1.8 2183AA4G Exon 14 No data 1.6 W1282X Exon 23 0.7 1.5 R334W Exon 8 No data 0.7 R347P Exon 8 No data 0.5 G551D Exon 12 0.5 0.0 K710X Exon 14 No data 0.7 3272-26A4G Intron 19 No data 0.7 3600 þ 2insT Intron 21 No data 0.5 1898 þ 1G4C Intron 13 No data 0.5 V1240G Exon 23 No data 0.5 Othersa - No data 10.0 Abbreviations: CF, cystic fibrosis; NBS CF, newborn screening for CF. Login to comment

PMID: 22874010 [PubMed] Marson FA et al: "The ACE gene D/I polymorphism as a modulator of severity of cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

28 Determination of mutations in the CFTR gene Determination of mutations in the CFTR gene was performed in the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics for mutations by polymerase chain reaction (F508del) and restriction fragment length polymorphism method (G542X, R1162X, R553X, G551D and N1303K). Login to comment
70 The patients` CFTR genotypes were: 44 patients (24.44%) without identified mutation, 51 (28.33%) with one identified mutation (25% F508del/-, 2.78% G542X/-, 0.56% R1162X/-) and 85 (47.22%) patients with two identified mutations (31.67% F508del/F508del, 6.67% F508del/G542X, 2.78% F508del/R1162X, 2.22% F508del/N1303K, 0.56% F508del/ R553X, 0.56% F508del/S4X, 0.56% F508del/1717-1 G > A, 0.56% G542X/R1162X, 0.56% G542X/I618T, 0.56% G542X/2183A > G and 0.56% R1162X/R1162X). Login to comment
27 Determination of mutations in the CFTR gene Determination of mutations in the CFTR gene was performed in the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics for mutations by polymerase chain reaction (F508del) and restriction fragment length polymorphism method (G542X, R1162X, R553X, G551D and N1303K). Login to comment
69 The patients` CFTR genotypes were: 44 patients (24.44%) without identified mutation, 51 (28.33%) with one identified mutation (25% F508del/-, 2.78% G542X/-, 0.56% R1162X/-) and 85 (47.22%) patients with two identified mutations (31.67% F508del/F508del, 6.67% F508del/G542X, 2.78% F508del/R1162X, 2.22% F508del/N1303K, 0.56% F508del/ R553X, 0.56% F508del/S4X, 0.56% F508del/1717-1 G > A, 0.56% G542X/R1162X, 0.56% G542X/I618T, 0.56% G542X/2183A > G and 0.56% R1162X/R1162X). Login to comment

PMID: 22581207 [PubMed] Krulisova V et al: "Prospective and parallel assessments of cystic fibrosis newborn screening protocols in the Czech Republic: IRT/DNA/IRT versus IRT/PAP and IRT/PAP/DNA."

No. Sentence Comment

81 According to the protocol, this result indicated the sequencing of the Table 1 Parallel comparison of CF NBS protocols IRT/DNAa /IRT IRT/PAP IRT/PAP/DNAa Newborns screened (N) 106,522 106,522 106,522 IRT positives (N; %) 1,158 (1.09) 3,155 (2.96) 3,155 (2.96) PAP positives (N; %) - 260 (0.24) 260 (0.24) Median age (range) at the availability of DNA-testinga results (days) 36 (9-222b ) - 36 (9-222b ) 1 and/or 2 CF mutations detected (N; %) 76 (0.07) - 27 (0.03) Recalled newborns for repeated IRT examination (N; %) 47 (0.04) - - Positive CF NBS (N; %) 123 (0.12) 260 (0.24) 27 (0.03) Positive IRT in newborns recalled for repeated examination (N) 1 - - ST indicated (N; %) 77 (0.07) 260 (0.24) 27 (0.03) ST carried out (N; % of indicated ST) 72c (93.51) 204c (78.46) 24c (88.89) CF carriers (N) 55 - 12 Prevalence of CF carriers 1 in 21 - 1 in 22 Diagnosed CF patients (N) 19 16 15 False positives based on performed ST (N; % of all cases screened) 99d (0.09) 188 (0.18) 9 (0.01) Newborns with equivocal diagnosis [F508del/R117H-IVS-8 T(7) and ST<30 mmol/L; N] 2 - 0 False negatives (N) 2 5 6 Total of CF patients detected (N) 21e Median age (range) at diagnosis (days) 36 (9-57)e CF prevalence 1 in 5,072e Sensitivity (TP/TP+FN) 0.9048 0.7619 0.7142 Specificity (TN/TN+FP) 0.9991 0.9982 0.9999 PPV (TP/TP+FP) 0.1610 0.0784 0.625 N number, % of all cases screened, TP true positives, FN false negatives, TN true negatives, FP false positives, PPV positive predictive value, ST sweat test a CF-causing mutations covered by Elucigene assays ("legacy" nomenclature) with the CF-EU1Tm accounting for: p.Arg347Pro (R347P), c.2657+ 5G>A (2789+5G>A), c.2988+1G>A (3120+1G>A), c.579+1G>T (711+1G>T), p.Arg334Trp (R334W), p.Ile507del (I507del), p.Phe508del (F508del), c.3718-2477C>T (3849+10kbC>T), p.Phe316LeufsX12 (1078delT), p.Trp1282X (W1282X), p.Arg560Thr (R560T), p.Arg553X (R553X), p.Gly551Asp (G551D), p.Met1101Lys (M1101K), p.Gly542X (G542X), p.Leu1258PhefsX7 (3905insT), p.Ser1251Asn (S1251N), c.1585-1G>A (1717-1G>A), p.Arg117His (R117H), p.Asn1303Lys (N1303K), p.Gly85Glu (G85E), c.1766+1G>A (1898+1G>A), p.Lys684AsnfsX38 (2184delA), p.Asp1152His (D1152H), c.54-5940_273+10250del (CFTRdele2,3), p.Pro67Leu (P67L), p.Glu60X (E60X), p.Lys1177SerfsX15 (3659delC), c.489+1G>T (621+1G>T), p.Ala455Glu (A455E), p.Arg1162X (R1162X), p.Leu671X (2143delT), c.1210-12T[n] (IVS8-T(n) variant), including additional mutations in the CF-EU2Tm : p.Gln890X (Q890X), p.Tyr515X (1677delTA), p.Val520Phe (V520F), c.3140-26A>G (3272-26A>G), p.Leu88IlefsX22 (394delTT), p.Arg1066Cys (R1066C), p.Ile105SerfsX2 (444delA), p.Tyr1092X (C>A) (Y1092X(C>A)), p.Arg117Cys (R117C), p.Ser549Asn (S549N), p.Ser549ArgT>G (S549R T>G), p.Tyr122X (Y122X), p.Arg1158X (R1158X), p.Leu206Trp (L206W), c.1680-886A>G (1811+1.6kbA>G), p.Arg347His (R347H), p.Val739TyrfsX16 (2347delG) and p.Trp846X (W846X) b failed DNA isolation from DBS, including repetition of DNA-testing c deceased patient or non-compliance with referrals (five CF carriers in IRT/DNA/IRT, 56 newborns in IRT/PAP, three CF carriers in IRT/PAP/DNA) d comprising newborns with repeated IRT (47 newborns) e aggregate data from all protocols entire CFTR coding region in both newborns, and led to the identification of p.Ile336Lys (I336K) and p.Glu1104Lys (E1104K) mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 22483971 [PubMed] Li H et al: "Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in Chinese patients with congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

77 Lastly, we have observed previously reported mutations and polymorphisms (p.E217G, p.R347H, p.V470M, p.R553X, p.I556V, p.T854T, p.G970D, p.P1290P, p.Q1352H, p.Q1643Q, 744-5delGATT, IVS8-T5) (Supplementary Table 1). Login to comment
119 △F508 R117H Mutation genotypes IVS8-Tn n (%) Two mutations detected Neg Neg I556V/I556V 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg I556V/1209+2 G-C 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg I556V/726delATT 5T/5T 1(1.3) Neg Neg I556V/- 5T/5T 1(1.3) Neg Neg I556V/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg G970D/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg C592F/- 5T/5T 1(1.3) Neg Neg 1209+1 G-C/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg R553X/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg Q1352H/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg S485C/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg A357T/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg E217G/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg R347H/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg G451K/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg L558S/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg 3635delT/Q1352H 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg A1136T/G970D 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg 870-1 G-C/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg 520-2 A-G/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg R419I/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg C491F/Q1643Q 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg Q1352H/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg R851X/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg P750L/G970D 7T/7T 1(1.3) One mutation detected Neg Neg -/- 5T/7T 2(2.7) Neg Neg -/- 5T/7T 3(4.1) Neg Neg -/- 5T/7T 5(6.8) Neg Neg -/- 5T/5T 2(2.7) Neg Neg -/- 5T/5T 1(1.3) Neg Neg G970D/- 7T/7T 2(2.7) Neg Neg D993Y/- 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg I556V/- 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg T388R/- 7T/7T 1(1.3) No mutation detected Neg Neg -/- 7T/7T 8(10.9) Neg Neg -/- 7T/7T 15(20.5) Neg Neg -/- 7T/9T 2(2.7) Neg Neg -/- 7T/7T 4(5.5) Neg: Negative. Login to comment
76 Lastly, we have observed previously reported mutations and polymorphisms (p.E217G, p.R347H, p.V470M, p.R553X, p.I556V, p.T854T, p.G970D, p.P1290P, p.Q1352H, p.Q1643Q, 744-5delGATT, IVS8-T5) (Supplementary Table 1). Login to comment
118 b3;F508 R117H Mutation genotypes IVS8-Tn n (%) Two mutations detected Neg Neg I556V/I556V 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg I556V/1209+2 G-C 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg I556V/726delATT 5T/5T 1(1.3) Neg Neg I556V/- 5T/5T 1(1.3) Neg Neg I556V/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg G970D/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg C592F/- 5T/5T 1(1.3) Neg Neg 1209+1 G-C/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg R553X/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg Q1352H/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg S485C/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg A357T/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg E217G/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg R347H/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg G451K/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg L558S/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg 3635delT/Q1352H 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg A1136T/G970D 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg 870-1 G-C/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg 520-2 A-G/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg R419I/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg C491F/Q1643Q 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg Q1352H/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg R851X/- 5T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg P750L/G970D 7T/7T 1(1.3) One mutation detected Neg Neg -/- 5T/7T 2(2.7) Neg Neg -/- 5T/7T 3(4.1) Neg Neg -/- 5T/7T 5(6.8) Neg Neg -/- 5T/5T 2(2.7) Neg Neg -/- 5T/5T 1(1.3) Neg Neg G970D/- 7T/7T 2(2.7) Neg Neg D993Y/- 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg I556V/- 7T/7T 1(1.3) Neg Neg T388R/- 7T/7T 1(1.3) No mutation detected Neg Neg -/- 7T/7T 8(10.9) Neg Neg -/- 7T/7T 15(20.5) Neg Neg -/- 7T/9T 2(2.7) Neg Neg -/- 7T/7T 4(5.5) Neg: Negative. Login to comment

PMID: 22300503 [PubMed] Barben J et al: "Retrospective analysis of stored dried blood spots from children with cystic fibrosis and matched controls to assess the performance of a proposed newborn screening protocol in Switzerland."

No. Sentence Comment

28 If IRT is elevated (N99th percentile) a screening test with the seven most common CFTR mutations in Switzerland (F508del, 3905insT, G542X, R553X, W1282X, 1717-1 GNA, N1303K) [12] will be used to confirm the suspicion. Login to comment
46 In brief, this assay is based on DNA amplification of four fragments containing the mutations (F508del, 3905insT, G542X, R553X, W1282X, 1717-1 GNA, and N1303K) by PCR, followed by hybridization with short, allele-specific oligonucleotide probes labeled with europium, terbium, or samarium chelates. Login to comment
80 CFTR mutations Alleles found Percentage of total Homozygous (n) F508del a 86 68.2 30 3905insT a 4 3.2 1 G542X a 3 2.4 - R553X a 3 2.4 1 W1282X a 2 1.6 - 1717-1 GNA a 2 1.6 - N1303K a 0 0.0 - S549R 3 2.4 1 Q525X 3 2.4 - Y1092X 2 1.6 - 3120+1 GNA b 2 1.6 1 2347delG 2 1.6 - 2176insC 1 0.8 - 3659delC 1 0.8 - 3359delCTCTG 1 0.8 - W1089X 1 0.8 - 711+1 GNT 1 0.8 - D1152H 1 0.8 - G1244E 1 0.8 - R1066C 1 0.8 - R31C 1 0.8 - R347P 1 0.8 - R74W 1 0.8 - S945L 1 0.8 - T501I 1 0.8 - K68X 1 0.8 - Total 126 100.0% 34 a Seven most common CF-gene mutations in Switzerland ("Swiss panel")=79.4% (100/126) of alleles. Login to comment

PMID: 22572733 [PubMed] Nakakuki M et al: "Detection of a large heterozygous deletion and a splicing defect in the CFTR transcripts from nasal swab of a Japanese case of cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

233 The stop mutation R553X in the CFTR gene results in exon skipping. Login to comment

PMID: 22302635 [PubMed] Cornel MC et al: "Improving test properties for neonatal cystic fibrosis screening in the Netherlands before the nationwide start by May 1st 2011."

No. Sentence Comment

69 This protocol was expected to identify 25 CF patients on an annual basis, additional to four infants already diagnosed because of meconium ileus (Health Council of 1 Using the LiPA test (INNO-LiPA CFTR 19 en INNO-LiPA CFTR 17+Tn; Innogenetics, Gent, Belgium) the following CFTR mutations can be detected: exon 2-3del (21 kb), 394delTT, E60X, G85E, R117H, 621+1G>T, 711+1G>T, 711+5G>A, 1078delT, R334W, R347P, A455E, I507del, F508del, 1717-1G>A, G542X, G551D, Q552X, R553X, R560T, 1898+1G>A, 2143delT, 2183AA>G, 2184delA, 2789+5G>A, 3120+1G>A, 3199del6, 3272-26A>G, 3659delC, R1162X, 3849+10kbC>T, 3905insT, S1251N, W1282X en N1303K. Login to comment
70 This test also identifies the CFTR polymorphism Tn in intron 8 which is important in cases where the mutation R117H is detected. Login to comment

PMID: 21999194 [PubMed] Agarwal R et al: "Link between CFTR mutations and ABPA: a systematic review and meta-analysis."

No. Sentence Comment

56 (1996)[30] 11ABPA53chronic bronchitis Asthma,pulmonaryinfiltrates,CB, immediateAfskintestpositivity,totalIgE >1000ngml)1 ,positiveAfprecipitins, elevatedAfIgG/IgE,bloodeosinophilia, sweatchloride<40mmoll)1 /(United States) BothgroupssixmutationsF508del, G542X,GS51D,R553X,W1282X andN1303K;ninemoremutations inABPA:R117H,R347P,R347H, R334W,A455E,G551S, 2789+5G>A,D1152H,and 3849+10kbC>T ReverseASOanalysis andDGGEwithDNA sequencing 1patientcarried2CF (F508del;R347H)and5 carried1CF(4F508del; 1R117H).Mutationsseenin 6/11ABPAvs.1/53 controls Aronetal. Login to comment
58 (2001)[32] 21ABPA43allergic asthma; 142healthy controls Asthma,pulmonaryinfiltrates,CB, immediateAfskintestpositivity,totalIgE >450IUml)1 ,positiveAfprecipitins, elevatedAfIgG/IgE,bloodeosinophilia >500ll)1 .Sweatchloride <60mmoll)1 /(Belgium) R117H,621-1G>T,R334W, F508del,I507del10,1717-1G>A, G542X,R553X,G551D,R1162X, 3849+10kbC>T,W1282X, N1303K Heteroduplexand acrylamidegel electrophoresis, ARMS,nestedPCR followedby electrophoresisand DNAsequencing OneCFTRmutationin6/21 patients(F508del[n=2], G542X[n=1],R1162X [n=1],1717-1G>A [n=1],andR117H[n=1]) vs.2/43asthmatics(1CFTR mutation;(F508del, 1717-1G>Aand6/142 controls Eatonetal. Login to comment
59 (2002)[33] 31ABPAHealthycontrols (n=34) Asthma(n=51) Asthma,positiveSPTtoAf,totalIgE >1000ngml)1 ,elevatedAf-IgE,positive precipitinstoAf,bloodeosinophilia >350ll)1 ,pulmonaryinfiltratesonCXR orCBonCT/(NewZealand) 16CFmutations-F508del,I507del, R117H,W1282X,621+1G>T, R334W,R347P,A455E, 1717-1G>A,G542X,5549N, G551D,R553X,R560T,N1303Kand 3849+10kbC>T ASOhybridisationand DGGEwithDNA sequencing 4/31(F508del[n=3], R117H[n=1])vs.2/51 asthma(F508del[n=1], R117H[n=1])vs.1/34 healthycontrols ABPA,allergicbronchopulmonaryaspergillosis;ARMS,amplificationrefractorymutationsystem;ASO,allele-specificoligonucleotide;CB,centralbronchiectasis;CFTR,cysticfibrosis transmembraneconductanceregulator;DGGE,denaturinggradientgelelectrophoresis;OR,oddsratio CFTRmutationclass(classI--1717-1G>A,R1162X,G542X;classII--F508del,N1303K;classIV--R347H,R117H). Login to comment

PMID: 22468138 [PubMed] Elliott AM et al: "Rapid detection of the ACMG/ACOG-recommended 23 CFTR disease-causing mutations using ion torrent semiconductor sequencing."

No. Sentence Comment

26 Amplicons were then pooled together in equimolar concentrations and purified using the T A B L E 1 Data Generation from Three PGM Runs Run Total number of reads Total bases (Mbp) AQ17 total bases (Mbp) AQ17 avg. read length CF WT 101,211 8.5 6.5 68 CF 23 pooled mutants 222,247 18.6 12.52 64 CF mutant 135,000 11.7 8.8 72 T A B L E 2 CFTR Variant Coverage, Mutant Read Percentage, and Base-Call Accuracy from a WT Library Using PGM Sequencing Variant cDNA position Coverage Mutant read % Accuracy/base G85E c.254G Ͼ A 408 0 99.5 R117H c.350G Ͼ A 3627 0 99.9 621 ϩ 1G Ͼ T c.489 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 245 0 99.6 711 ϩ 1G Ͼ T c.579 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 2660 0 99.9 R334W c.1000C Ͼ T 5419 0 99.7 R347P c.1040G Ͼ C 3562 0 99.4 A455E c.1364C Ͼ A 10,340 0 99.9 ⌬I507 c.1519_1521delATC 6507 0 98.6 ⌬F508 c.1521_1523delCTT 6507 0 99.4 1717-1G Ͼ A c.1585-1G Ͼ A 2086 0 99.2 G542X c.1624G Ͼ T 854 0 97.8 G551D c.1652G Ͼ A 3901 0 99 R553X c.1657C Ͼ T 3915 0 99.9 R560T c.1679G Ͼ C 3924 0 99.6 1898 ϩ 1G Ͼ A c.1766 ϩ 1G Ͼ A 1793 0 97.6 2184delAa c.2052delA 2001 35% 63.6 2789 ϩ 5G Ͼ A c.2657 ϩ 5G Ͼ A 293 0 100 3120 ϩ 1G Ͼ A c.2988 ϩ 1G Ͼ A 2408 0 100 R1162X c.3484C Ͼ T 9610 0 98.1 3659delC c.3528delC 9271 0 100 3849 ϩ 10kbC Ͼ T c.3717 ϩ 12191C Ͼ T 10,157 0 99.9 W1282X c.3846G Ͼ A 4789 0 95.6 N1303K c.3909C Ͼ G 3236 0 99.5 a The 2184delA variant lies in a homopolymer stretch of seven adenines and is not detected accurately as a result of homopolymer-length sequencing errors. Login to comment
67 For this data set, the PGM 314 chip output was 18.6 Mbp, with ϳ67% aligning to the CFTR T A B L E 3 PGM CFTR Variant Coverage and Mutant Read Percentage from a Pooled Mutant Library Representing All 23 ACMG/ACOG Mutations Variant cDNA position Coverage Mutant read % Predicted read % Genotype G85E c.254G Ͼ A 93 33 50 Het R117H c.350G Ͼ A 6228 39 50 Het 621 ϩ 1G Ͼ T c.489 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 1243 46 50 Het 711 ϩ 1G Ͼ T c.579 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 1352 29 50 Het R334W c.1000C Ͼ T 13,284 8 25 Het R347P c.1040G Ͼ C 9454 27 25 Het A455E c.1364C Ͼ A 19,527 43 50 Het ⌬I507 c.1519_1521delATC 15,587 14 25 Het ⌬F508 c.1521_1523delCTT 15,587 68 50 Homo 1717-1G Ͼ A c.1585-1G Ͼ A 3584 36 50 Het G542X c.1624G Ͼ T 610 41 50 Het G551D c.1652G Ͼ A 6714 16 17 Het R553X c.1657C Ͼ T 6670 15 17 Het R560T c.1679G Ͼ C 6395 22 17 Het 1898 ϩ 1G Ͼ A c.1766 ϩ 1G Ͼ A 3293 49 50 Het 2184delAa c.2052delA 2256 63 50 Het 2789 ϩ 5G Ͼ A c.2657 ϩ 5G Ͼ A 1765 54 50 Het 3120 ϩ 1G Ͼ A c.2988 ϩ 1G Ͼ A 7447 40 50 Het R1162X c.3484C Ͼ T 19,060 54 50 Het 3659delC c.3528delC 28,321 30 50 Het 3849 ϩ 10kbC Ͼ T c.3717 ϩ 12191C Ͼ T 27,102 46 50 Het W1282X c.3846G Ͼ A 9219 48 50 Het N1303K c.3909C Ͼ G 4842 49 50 Het a The 2184delA variant lies in a homopolymer stretch of seven adenines and is not accurately detected as a result of homopolymer-length sequencing errors. Login to comment
86 Using samples characterized previously, we analyzed the PGM`s data out- T A B L E 4 PGM CFTR Variant Coverage and Mutant Read Percentage from an Individual Harboring Two Disease-Causing CFTR Mutations Variant cDNA position Coverage Mutant read % G85E c.254G Ͼ A 237 0 R117H c.350G Ͼ A 3774 0 621 ϩ 1G Ͼ T c.489 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 936 0 711 ϩ 1G Ͼ T c.579 ϩ 1G Ͼ T 2018 0 R334W c.1000C Ͼ T 10,899 0 R347P c.1040G Ͼ C 7720 0 A455E c.1364C Ͼ A 14,525 0 ⌬I507 c.1519_1521delATC 8855 0 ⌬F508 c.1521_1523delCTT 8855 47 1717-1G Ͼ A c.1585-1G Ͼ A 2216 0 G542X c.1624G Ͼ T 2035 41 G551D c.1652G Ͼ A 4581 0 R553X c.1657C Ͼ T 4545 0 R560T c.1679G Ͼ C 4774 0 1898 ϩ 1G Ͼ A c.1766 ϩ 1G Ͼ A 2702 0 2184delAa c.2052delA 2837 18.5 2789 ϩ 5G Ͼ A c.2657 ϩ 5G Ͼ A 860 0 3120 ϩ 1G Ͼ A c.2988 ϩ 1G Ͼ A 4347 0 R1162X c.3484C Ͼ T 12,039 0 3659delC c.3528delC 7169 0 3849 ϩ 10kbC Ͼ T c.3717 ϩ 12191C Ͼ T 11,588 0 W1282X c.3846G Ͼ A 6187 0 N1303K c.3909C Ͼ G 4479 0 a The 2184delA variant lies in a homopolymer stretch of seven adenines and is not accurately detected as a result of homopolymer-length sequencing errors. Login to comment
66 For this data set, the PGM 314 chip output was 18.6 Mbp, with b03;67% aligning to the CFTR T A B L E 3 PGM CFTR Variant Coverage and Mutant Read Percentage from a Pooled Mutant Library Representing All 23 ACMG/ACOG Mutations Variant cDNA position Coverage Mutant read % Predicted read % Genotype G85E c.254G b0e; A 93 33 50 Het R117H c.350G b0e; A 6228 39 50 Het 621 af9; 1G b0e; T c.489 af9; 1G b0e; T 1243 46 50 Het 711 af9; 1G b0e; T c.579 af9; 1G b0e; T 1352 29 50 Het R334W c.1000C b0e; T 13,284 8 25 Het R347P c.1040G b0e; C 9454 27 25 Het A455E c.1364C b0e; A 19,527 43 50 Het èc;I507 c.1519_1521delATC 15,587 14 25 Het èc;F508 c.1521_1523delCTT 15,587 68 50 Homo 1717-1G b0e; A c.1585-1G b0e; A 3584 36 50 Het G542X c.1624G b0e; T 610 41 50 Het G551D c.1652G b0e; A 6714 16 17 Het R553X c.1657C b0e; T 6670 15 17 Het R560T c.1679G b0e; C 6395 22 17 Het 1898 af9; 1G b0e; A c.1766 af9; 1G b0e; A 3293 49 50 Het 2184delAa c.2052delA 2256 63 50 Het 2789 af9; 5G b0e; A c.2657 af9; 5G b0e; A 1765 54 50 Het 3120 af9; 1G b0e; A c.2988 af9; 1G b0e; A 7447 40 50 Het R1162X c.3484C b0e; T 19,060 54 50 Het 3659delC c.3528delC 28,321 30 50 Het 3849 af9; 10kbC b0e; T c.3717 af9; 12191C b0e; T 27,102 46 50 Het W1282X c.3846G b0e; A 9219 48 50 Het N1303K c.3909C b0e; G 4842 49 50 Het a The 2184delA variant lies in a homopolymer stretch of seven adenines and is not accurately detected as a result of homopolymer-length sequencing errors. Login to comment
85 Using samples characterized previously, we analyzed the PGM`s data out- T A B L E 4 PGM CFTR Variant Coverage and Mutant Read Percentage from an Individual Harboring Two Disease-Causing CFTR Mutations Variant cDNA position Coverage Mutant read % G85E c.254G b0e; A 237 0 R117H c.350G b0e; A 3774 0 621 af9; 1G b0e; T c.489 af9; 1G b0e; T 936 0 711 af9; 1G b0e; T c.579 af9; 1G b0e; T 2018 0 R334W c.1000C b0e; T 10,899 0 R347P c.1040G b0e; C 7720 0 A455E c.1364C b0e; A 14,525 0 èc;I507 c.1519_1521delATC 8855 0 èc;F508 c.1521_1523delCTT 8855 47 1717-1G b0e; A c.1585-1G b0e; A 2216 0 G542X c.1624G b0e; T 2035 41 G551D c.1652G b0e; A 4581 0 R553X c.1657C b0e; T 4545 0 R560T c.1679G b0e; C 4774 0 1898 af9; 1G b0e; A c.1766 af9; 1G b0e; A 2702 0 2184delAa c.2052delA 2837 18.5 2789 af9; 5G b0e; A c.2657 af9; 5G b0e; A 860 0 3120 af9; 1G b0e; A c.2988 af9; 1G b0e; A 4347 0 R1162X c.3484C b0e; T 12,039 0 3659delC c.3528delC 7169 0 3849 af9; 10kbC b0e; T c.3717 af9; 12191C b0e; T 11,588 0 W1282X c.3846G b0e; A 6187 0 N1303K c.3909C b0e; G 4479 0 a The 2184delA variant lies in a homopolymer stretch of seven adenines and is not accurately detected as a result of homopolymer-length sequencing errors. Login to comment

PMID: 22271776 [PubMed] Vernooij-van Langen AM et al: "Novel strategies in newborn screening for cystic fibrosis: a prospective controlled study."

No. Sentence Comment

105 Three of these infants had equivocal sweat test results (chloride 33, 34, 36 mmol/litre; all had R117H-7T as a second mutation), the other 10 had normal sweat tests (F508del/394delTT/ S1251N/R553X combined with R117H-7T n¼8, F508del/L967S, F508del/Q1352H) (table 3). Login to comment
136 CF, cystic fibrosis; IRT, immunoreactive trypsinogen; PAP, pancreatitis-associated protein. Table 3 Immunoreactive trypsinogen and pancreatitis-associated protein concentrations, CFTR gene mutation analysis and sweat tests for all infants with an equivocal diagnosis IRT (mg/litre) PAP (mg/litre) Mutation 1 Mutation 2 Sweat test chloride (mmol/litre) 1 199 1.4 E60X R117H-7T 36 2 139 0.8 394delTT R117H-7T/9T 21 3 123 0.6 F508del R117H-7T 22 4 89 1.4 S1251N R117H-7T 29 5 79 1.6 F508del R117H-7T 26 6 77 2.4 R553X R117H-7T 22 7 76 0.8 F508del R117H-7T 34 8 73 0.5 F508del R117H-7T 25 9 70 1.0 F508del R117H-7T 22 10 69 1.1 F508del R117H-7T 33 11 67 2.7 F508del R117H-7T 17 12* 174 3.8 F508del L967S 19 13* 84 3.2 F508del Q1352H 17 Equivocal diagnosis¼two CFTR gene mutations of which one has unclear clinical significance, and a normal or equivocal sweat test result. Login to comment
104 Three of these infants had equivocal sweat test results (chloride 33, 34, 36 mmol/litre; all had R117H-7T as a second mutation), the other 10 had normal sweat tests (F508del/394delTT/ S1251N/R553X combined with R117H-7T n&#bc;8, F508del/L967S, F508del/Q1352H) (table 3). Login to comment
135 CF, cystic fibrosis; IRT, immunoreactive trypsinogen; PAP, pancreatitis-associated protein. Table 3 Immunoreactive trypsinogen and pancreatitis-associated protein concentrations, CFTR gene mutation analysis and sweat tests for all infants with an equivocal diagnosis IRT (mg/litre) PAP (mg/litre) Mutation 1 Mutation 2 Sweat test chloride (mmol/litre) 1 199 1.4 E60X R117H-7T 36 2 139 0.8 394delTT R117H-7T/9T 21 3 123 0.6 F508del R117H-7T 22 4 89 1.4 S1251N R117H-7T 29 5 79 1.6 F508del R117H-7T 26 6 77 2.4 R553X R117H-7T 22 7 76 0.8 F508del R117H-7T 34 8 73 0.5 F508del R117H-7T 25 9 70 1.0 F508del R117H-7T 22 10 69 1.1 F508del R117H-7T 33 11 67 2.7 F508del R117H-7T 17 12* 174 3.8 F508del L967S 19 13* 84 3.2 F508del Q1352H 17 Equivocal diagnosis&#bc;two CFTR gene mutations of which one has unclear clinical significance, and a normal or equivocal sweat test result. Login to comment

PMID: 22427236 [PubMed] Rosendahl J et al: "CFTR, SPINK1, CTRC and PRSS1 variants in chronic pancreatitis: is the role of mutated CFTR overestimated?"

No. Sentence Comment

72 The following CFTR variants were analysed with specific FRET probes: p.E60X, p.R75Q, p.G85E, p.R117H, p.I148T, c.621 +1G>T (IVS4+1G>T), c.711+1G>T (IVS5+1G>T), c.1078delT, p.R334W, p.R347P, 9-13TG, 5-9T, p.A455E, p.M470V, p.F508del, c.1716G>A (p.E528E), c.1717-1G>A (IVS10-1G>A), p.G542X, p.S549N, p.R553X, p.R560T, c.1898+1G>A (IVS12 +1G>A), c.2143delT, c.2183AA>G, c.2562T>G, c.2657+5G>A (IVS14B+5G>A), p.L997F, p.I1005R, p.Y1092X, p.D1152H, p.R1162X, c.3659delC, p.S1235R, p.S1251N, p.W1282X, p.N1303K, and c.4389G>A. Login to comment
69 The following CFTR variants were analysed with specific FRET probes: p.E60X, p.R75Q, p.G85E, p.R117H, p.I148T, c.621 +1G>T (IVS4+1G>T), c.711+1G>T (IVS5+1G>T), c.1078delT, p.R334W, p.R347P, 9-13TG, 5-9T, p.A455E, p.M470V, p.F508del, c.1716G>A (p.E528E), c.1717-1G>A (IVS10-1G>A), p.G542X, p.S549N, p.R553X, p.R560T, c.1898+1G>A (IVS12 +1G>A), c.2143delT, c.2183AA>G, c.2562T>G, c.2657+5G>A (IVS14B+5G>A), p.L997F, p.I1005R, p.Y1092X, p.D1152H, p.R1162X, c.3659delC, p.S1235R, p.S1251N, p.W1282X, p.N1303K, and c.4389G>A. Login to comment

PMID: 22137130 [PubMed] Cordovado SK et al: "CFTR mutation analysis and haplotype associations in CF patients."

No. Sentence Comment

104 Mutation N alleles c.966T>G(5'flanking) c.234T>A(5'flanking)a c.-8G>C(5'UTR) c.-4G>C(Exon1) c.274-179G>A(Intron3) c.743+40A>G(Intron6) c.744-31TTGA(5_7)(Intron6) c.869+11C>T(Intron7) c.869+88T>A(Intron7) c.1209+43T>G(Intron9) IVS8CA(15-23)(Intron9) TG(10-13)_T(5-9)(Intron9) c.1393-61A>G(Intron10) M470V(Exon11) F508del(Exon11) c.1766+152T>A(Intron13) c.1767-231T>C(Intron13) c.1767-136T>C(Intron13) c.1767-132A>G(Intron13) c.2562T>G(Exon15) c.2604A>G(Exon15) c.2619+86_2619+87del(Intron15) c.2619+106T>A(Intron15) c.2909-92G>A(Intron17) IVS17bCA(11-17)(Intron20) c.3368-140A>C(Intron20) c.3469-65C>A(Intron21) F508del 32 TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- GA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- A5- 55- 55- 55- 66- 66- 66- 66- 66- 66- 66- 66- 66- 66- 55- 55- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TC- TT- TT- TT- TC- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TG- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- T17- 10_9- G- F508del- TA- 13C F508del 29 G23- 10_9- G- F508del- TA- 13C F508del 1 G21- 10_9- G- GG- G-F508del- TA- 13C F508del 1 G17- 10_9- G- F508del- A- G- delTA- 17- C- A N1303K 6 G542X 6 3849+10kbC→T 1 del Ex17a, b, Ex18 1 GG- GG- GG- 23- 10_9- GG-F508- T- TA- 13- C A455E 1 G22- 10_9- G- F508- T- TA- 13- C 621+1G→T 5 G21- 10_9- G- GG- GG- F508C- TA- 13- C 711+1G→T 3 3272-26A→G 2 3659delC 2 R347P 2 G16- 11_7- A- A-F508- TA- 13C del Ex 2, 3 2 del Ex 17a,17b 2 Normal 1 R334W 2 G17- 11_7- A- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA-AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- A-AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- AA- F508- TA- 13C 2183AA→G 2 G16- 10_7- F508- TATA- TATA- TATA- TATA- TATA- TATA- 13C del Ex 2 1 G16- 11_7- F508- 14C 1288insTA 1 G16- 12_7- F508- 13C Normal 1 G16- 12_7- F508- 13C R1162X 1 G17- 10_7- F508- 13C del Ex 2,3 1 G16- 11_7- F508- A17- C del Ex 17a,17b 1 GA- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT- TT-16- 11_7- F508- 14- C G85E 1 G16- 11_7- F508- 15C 1898+1G→A 1 G16- 11_7- F508- G13- C no mut detected 1 GT- TT- T16- 10_7- F508- 13C no mut detected 1 G16- 10_7- F508- 17A W1282X 2 G17- 10_7- F508- 17A W1282X 4 GC- CC- C17- 10_7- F508- delTA- 17- A Q39X 1 I507del 1 3849+10kbC→T 1 R560T 2 1717-1G→A 2 G551D 3 G16- 10_7- F508- delTA- 17- A G551D 2 1154insTC 1 G16- 10_7- F508- delTA- 17- 1717- 17A 1717-1G→A 1 2789+5G→A 1 GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- G17- 10_7- F508- AdelTA- A R1066C 1 GG- 17- 10_7- F508- delTA- A R1066H 1 GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- GG- G17- 9_7- F508- delTAC R553X 3 GG- GG- CA- AA- AA- AA- A17- 12_7- F508- delTA- 11- C 3121-1G→A 1 C17- 12_7- F508- delTA- 11- C R334W 1 G17- 12_7- F508- TA- 13- C (TG)13T5b 1 G17- 13_5- F508- delTA- 13- C CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- CC- R117H 1 CA- 6C- TT- 15- 12_5- AG- F508- T- TT- AT- ATA- TG- 13A- C R117H1 1 CA- 6C- TT- 16- 12_5- AG- F508- T- TT- AT- ATA- TG- 13A- C 1717-1G→A 1 R117Hb 1 GA- 6C- TT- 16- 10_7- AA- F508- A- TC- AG- AdelTA- TG- 13A- C 144c a Variation found in a sample where the haplotype could not be predicted. Login to comment

PMID: 22256939 [PubMed] Massie RJ et al: "Lessons learned from 20 years of newborn screening for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

14 From 1991 to 2006, babies with an IRT level > 99th percentile had CFTR gene mutation analysis for p.F508del and, from 2007, for 12 CFTR mutations (p.F508del, p.G551D, p.G542X, p.N1303K, c.1585- 1G>A, p.I507del, p.R560T, p.W1282X, p.V520F, c.489+1G>T, p.R553X, c.3718-2477C>T). Login to comment

PMID: 21917531 [PubMed] Handschick M et al: "Frequency of the hyperactive W493R ENaC variant in carriers of a CFTR mutation."

No. Sentence Comment

53 A. Caucasians a F508del 378 2184delA 2 CFTRdele2,3(21 kb) 4 2789+5 G-A 1 R117H 1 I1005R 1 405+1 G-A 1 L1077P 1 H199Y 1 Y1092X 1 L206W 1 3601-111 G-C 1 R347P 3 3849+10 kb C-T 1 Q414X 1 3850-3 T-G 1 G551D 4 W1282X 1 R553X 8 N1303K 2 1717-1 G-A 1 4374+1 G-T 1 2143delT 1 Unknown 9 B. Turks K68N 1 1525-1 G-A 1 G85E 1 F508del 2 E92K 1 1677delTA 1 CFTRdele2(ins186) 2 2184delA 1 CFTRdele2,3(21 kb) 2 3601-2 A-G 1 435insA 1 Unknown 1 a The subjects were born in Austria (N=9 subjects), Belgium (2), France (4), Germany (374), Greece (4), Italy (12), The Netherlands (7), Poland (2), Spain (5), Sweden (2) and United Kingdom (5). Login to comment

PMID: 22020151 [PubMed] Amato F et al: "Extensive molecular analysis of patients bearing CFTR-related disorders."

No. Sentence Comment

69 Allele Frequency and CFTR Mutations in Patients Bearing CFTR-RDs Mutation (traditional name) HGVS nomenclature15 CBAVD (118 alleles)* RP (42 alleles)* DB (38 alleles)* Total (198 alleles)* TG12-T5-470V 34 (28.8) 2 (4.8) 10 (26.3) 46 (23.2) F508del c.1521_1523del 19 (16.1) 7 (16.7) 4 (10.5) 30 (15.2) 3195del6 c.3063_3069del 9 (7.6) 0 0 9 (4.5) N1303K c.3909CϾG 3 (2.5) 1 (2.4) 4 (10.5) 8 (4.0) G542X c.1624GϾT 4 (3.4) 1 (2.4) 1 (2.6) 6 (3.0) D1152H c.3454GϾC 1 (0.8) 2 (4.8) 2 (5.3) 5 (2.5) G85E c.254GϾA 2 (1.7) 3 (7.1) 0 5 (2.5) 1525-1delG c.1394de 3 (2.5) 1 (2.4) 0 4 (3.0) 4016insT c.3885insT 2 (1.7) 1 (2.4) 0 3 (1.5) 2789ϩ5GϾA c.2657ϩ5GϾA 0 3 (7.1) 0 3 (1.5) Q1476X c.4426CϾT 3 (2.5) 0 0 3 (1.5) 2183AAϾG c.2051_2052delinsG 1 (0.8) 1 (2.4) 0 2 (1.0) R553X c.1657CϾT 1 (0.8) 1 (2.4) 0 2 (1.0) L568F c.1704GϾT 2 (1.7) 0 0 2 (1.0) R1158X c.3472CϾT 2 (1.7) 0 0 2 (1.0) V920M c.2758GϾA 1 (0.8) 0 1 (2.6) 2 (1.0) 711ϩ1GϾT c.579ϩ1GϾT 0 1 (2.4) 0 1 (0.5) D614G c.1841AϾG 1 (0.8) 0 0 1 (0.5) 2184insA c.2052del 0 1 (2.4) 0 1 (0.5) 621ϩ1GϾT c.489ϩ1GϾT 1 (0.8) 0 0 1 (0.5) R1438W c.4312CϾT 0 1 (2.4) 0 1 (0.5) E193X c.577GϾT 0 1 (2.4) 0 1 (0.5) G1244E c.3731GϾA 1 (0.8) 0 0 1 (0.5) K68E c.202AϾG 1 (0.8) 0 0 1 (0.5) R347P c.1040GϾC 1 (0.8) 0 0 1 (0.5) 621ϩ3AϾG c.489ϩ3AϾG 1 (0.8) 0 0 1 (0.5) L997F c.2991GϾC 0 1 (2.4) 0 1 (0.5) F508C c.1523TϾG 1 (0.8) 0 0 1 (0.5) Total 94 (79.7) 28 (66.7) 22 (57.9) 144 (72.7) Undetected 24 (20.3) 14 (33.3) 16 (42.1) 54 (27.3) *Data are given as number (percentage). Login to comment

PMID: 23082198 [PubMed] Sousa M et al: "Measurements of CFTR-Mediated Cl(-) Secretion in Human Rectal Biopsies Constitute a Robust Biomarker for Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosis and Prognosis."

No. Sentence Comment

64 CFTR Genotyping Following screening of the 6 most common CFTR-disease causing mutations in the region of Campinas (Brazil) [27-29]: F508del, G551D, G542X, R1162X, N1303K, R553X, an extended CFTR mutation search (see Methods S1) was performed when only one/none mutation was found (Table S2, with both traditional and standard nomenclatures [30]). Login to comment

PMID: 22662206 [PubMed] Verriere V et al: "Lipoxin A4 stimulates calcium-activated chloride currents and increases airway surface liquid height in normal and cystic fibrosis airway epithelia."

No. Sentence Comment

199 The NuLi-1 cell line was derived from human airway epithelium of normal genotype, whereas CuFi-1, Cufi-3 and CuFi-4 cell lines were derived from CF patients with D508/D508, R553X/D508, and G551D/D508 genotypes respectively. Login to comment

PMID: 21875427 [PubMed] Field PD et al: "CFTR mutation screening in an assisted reproductive clinic."

No. Sentence Comment

37 Table 1 A breakdown of the CFTR mutations identified in the infertile patient population, the percentage of those mutations identified, the percentage of the infertile population screened, the percentage of the same mutations identified in the antenatal population by Massie et al. and figures published by Bobadilla et al. for the corresponding CFTR mutations in a global population study 'Legacy Mutation Name` and HGVS convention nomenclature* Number of mutations identified in infertile population Percentage of mutations identified in infertile population (%) Percentage of mutations identified in antenatal population4 (%) Percentage of mutations identified in a global population5 (%) F508delCTT / c.1521_1523delCTT 185 70.9 88.89 75.48 R117H / c.350G>A 36 13.8 0.63 G551D / c.1652G>A 12 4.6 2.78 3.82 G542X / c.1624G>T 6 2.3 0.93 1.83 N1303K / c.3909C>G 4 1.5 0.93 0.95 621+1G>T / c.489+1G>T 5 1.9 0.93 0.96 I507del / c.1519-1521delATC 2 0.8 0.53 3659delC / c.3528delC 2 0.8 R1162X / c.3484C>T 1 0.4 0.20 3120+1G>A / c.2988+1G>A 1 0.4 2184-delA / c.2052delA 1 0.4 3849+10kbC>T / c.3717-2477C>T 1 0.4 4.63 2789+5G>A / c.2657+5G>A 1 0.4 0.93 R347P / c.1040G>A 1 0.4 0.16 1717-1G>A / c.1585-1G>A 1 0.4 0.81 R553X / c.1657C>T 1 0.4 S549R / c.1647T>G 1 0.4 Total CFTR mutations identified 261 Total patients screened 5600 Incidence of CF carriers at QFG 1 in 21.5 (4.66%) CF, cystic fibrosis; CFTR, CF transmembrane receptor. Login to comment

PMID: 22035343 [PubMed] Sebro R et al: "Cystic fibrosis mutations for p.F508del compound heterozygotes predict sweat chloride levels and pancreatic sufficiency."

No. Sentence Comment

64 CFTR mutation classification for compound heterozygotesa Mutations n (%) Biological classification Grantham score SIFT Q493X 3 (3) Ib - - G542X 21 (20) Ib,c,e - - R553X 4 (4) Ib,e - - Y1092X 2 (2) Ib - - R1158X 1 (1) NA - - W1282X 9 (9) Ib,e - - G85E 4 (4) IIIb 98 0.01 R117H 4 (4) IVb,c 29 0.60 R334W 1 (1) IVb 101 0.02 R347P 1 (1) IVb 103 0.05 R352Q 1 (1) NA 43 0.35 G551D 20 (19) IIIb,c 94 0.00 R560T 3 (3) IIIb 71 0.00 D1270N 1 (1) NA 23 0.01 N1303K 6 (6) IIg 94 0.00 I507del 3 (3) IId - - 394delTT 1 (1) NAc - - 621+1G>T 7 (7) Ib,f - - 711+1G>T 2 (2) Ib - - 1717-1G>A 5 (5) Ib,c,e,f - - 1898+1G>A 2 (2) NA - - 2789+5G>A 3 (3) Vb - - 3659delC 1 (1) Ib - - 3849+10kbC>T 2 (2) Vb,c,f - - 3905insT 1 (1) Ib - - NA, not applicable; SIFT, Sorting Intolerant from Tolerant. a The following mutations biological classification scores could not be verified: 1898+G-A, 394delTT, D1270N, R352Q, and R1158X. Login to comment

PMID: 21843195 [PubMed] Nathan AM et al: "First study of the F508del mutation in Malaysian children diagnosed with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

43 The only other gene mutation detected was R553X (Malay-Chinese patient), which was detected only on one allele, and another had 7T polymorphism detected on both alleles (unknown parentage). Login to comment
48 Letters to the Editor Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 47 (2011) 572-575 (c) 2011 The Authors Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health (c) 2011 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (Royal Australasian College of Physicians) Table1Summaryoftheclinicalcharacteristics,sweattestresultsandcysticfibrosistransmembraneconductanceregulatormutationstudiesofthepatientsdiagnosedwithcysticfibrosisinUniversity MalayaMedicalCenterfrom2000to2009 PatientAgeat presentation PresentingsymptomsOtherfindingsConsanguinityRaceSweatconductivity (mmol/l) KS score Mutations Rin3monthsRecurrentpneumoniaandFTTPseudo-Bartter`ssyndromeYesIndian13440†Nonedetected Nes8yearsSeverepersistentasthmaFTTNoIndian12450F508del/unknown Abd4monthsSeverepneumoniaandventilator dependent FTTYesYemeni11730F508del/F508del Ben7yearsCirrhosisoftheliverwithportal hypertension FTTUnknown(adopted)Unknown14080†Nonedetected(7T polymorphism) Sak3monthsRecurrentpneumoniaandFTTNDYesIndian11350F508del/F508del Ngan3yearsPseudo-Bartter`ssyndromeNDNoChinese13790Notdone(parentsrefused) LJH5monthsPseudo-Bartter`ssyndromeRecurrentpneumoniaNoChinese/Indonesian9465F508delnegative Josh5monthsPseudo-Bartter`ssyndromeandFTTNDNoIndian8585†Nonedetected Nur3monthsChronicdiarrhoeaandFTTPseudo-Bartter`ssyndromeNoMalay/Chinese13085‡†R553X/nonedetected Vin4monthsRecurrentpneumoniaandFTTNDNoChinese12260F508delnegative Muh5yearsPoorlycontrolledasthmaNDNoMalay10765F508delnegative Naz3monthsFTTandsteatorrhoeaRecurrentlunginfectionsand pseudo-Bartter`s NoMalay14675F508delnegative Additionalmutationsscreenedinthefourpatients:†F508del,I506/7del,G551D,G542X,R553X,R117C,R117H,621+1G>T,V520F,A455E,N1303K,3849+10kbC>T.‡R334W,R347P,A455E,S549N,R560T, 3659delC,W1282X.FTT,failuretothrive;KS,Schwachman-Kulczycki(KS)score;ND,nodata. Login to comment

PMID: 19896304 [PubMed] Edelman A et al: "Twenty years after cystic fibrosis gene identification: Where are we and what are we up to?"

No. Sentence Comment

97 Our initial pilot study showed that systemic administration of gentamycin, an antibiotic known to suppress two PTCs found in CFTR (G542X and R553X) when expressed in HeLa cells, improves the clinical status of patients bearing the Y122X mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 21909392 [PubMed] Roth EK et al: "The K+ channel opener 1-EBIO potentiates residual function of mutant CFTR in rectal biopsies from cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

189 Hamosh A, Trapnell BC, Zeitlin PL, Montrose-Rafizadeh C, Rosenstein BJ, et al. (1991) Severe deficiency of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator messenger RNA carrying nonsense mutations R553X and W1316X in respiratory epithelial cells of patients with cystic fibrosis. Login to comment

PMID: 21966101 [PubMed] Prasad R et al: "Molecular basis of cystic fibrosis disease: an Indian perspective."

No. Sentence Comment

98 25 mutation Table 2 CFTR mutation identified in Indian population with classical CF [25] Genotype No. of subjects Delta F508/Delta F508 5 Delta F508/3849?10kb C-T 1 Delta F508/S549 2 Delta F508/Y138H 1 Delta F508/15251G-A 1 V520F/R117H 2 1530L/1530L 1 876-6del4/876-6del4 1 1792insA/1792insA 1 3986-3987delC/3986-3987delC 1 Delta F508/U 10 1161delC/U 2 L69H/U 1 R117H/U 1 Q493L/U 1 Y517C/U 1 S549N/U 3 G551D/U 1 E1329Q/U 1 N1303K/U 1 Y1381H/U 1 L218X/U 1 R553X/U 1 1525-1G-A/U 3 3120?1G-A/U 2 3849?10kbC-T/U 2 U/U 1 U unidentified panel were detected in our population at a combined frequency of (10%). Login to comment

PMID: 22439061 [PubMed] Mesoraca A et al: "The use of DHPLC (Denaturing High Performance Liquid Chromatography) in II level screening of the CFTR gene in Prenatal Diagnosis."

No. Sentence Comment

100 48 Journal of Prenatal Medicine 2010; 4 (3): 45-50 Table III Mutations found with II level screening through DHPLC Mutations of mutated alleles DF508 29 W1282X 3 N1303K 8 1717-1G®A 2 3659delC 1 G85E 1 2789 +5G®A 2 R553X 2 R1162X 1 R117H 1 G542X 3 Total 53Table I Mutations found through I level screeningMutations analysed with I level screening through OLA CFTR Mutations Position on the CFTR gene DF508 Exon 10 3849+10KbC®T Intron 19 R334W Exon 7 W1282X Exon 10 V520F Exon 10 3905insT Exon 20 N1303K Exon 21 3876delA Exon 20 1717-1G®A Exon 11 3659delC Exon 19 DI507 Exon 10 A455E Exon 9 G85E Exon 3 2789 +5G®A Exon 14 / Intron 14 2183AA®G Exon 13 1898+1G®A Exon 12 / Intron 12 R347P Exon 7 R347H Exon 7 R560T Exon 11 1078delT Exon 7 R553X Exon 11 711+1G®T Exon 5 / Intron 5 G551D Exon 11 R1162X Exon 19 S549R Exon 11 R117H Exon 4 S549N Exon 11 621+1G®T Exon 4 G542X Exon 11 394delTT Exon 3 3120+1G®ðA Exon 16/ Intron 16 2184delA Exon 13 Table II Mutations found through I level screening Mutations Positions on CFTR gene R1066C Exon 17 b L1065P Exon 17 b A1006E Exon 19 R75Q Exon 3 D537E Exon 11 W1134X Exon 18 W1145X Exon 18 L1077P Exon 17b C524X Exon 11 Total 9 The use of DHPLC (Denaturing High Performance Liquid Chromatography) in II level screening of the CFTR gene in Prenatal Diagnosis Journal of Prenatal Medicine 2010; 4 (3): 45-50 49 tion was to provide the couple with adequate counselling in order to better understand the genotype-phenotype correlation in the various associations of mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 19909502 [PubMed] Kraemer R et al: "Long-term gas exchange characteristics as markers of deterioration in patients with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

84 According to the frequencies in our Table 1: Patient cohort (A), data base characteristics (B), and distribution of CFTR mutations (C) taken from the Bernese CF Registry (n = 178, 87.3% of a total number of 204 CF patients) A Patient cohort follow-up statistics Gender distribution of patients Blood gas tests within age periods n % - males 88 49.4 5 to 8 y 427/1457 29,3% - females 90 50.6 9 to 14 y 527/1457 36.2% 178 100 15 to 18 y 503/1457 34.5% From entire database, 26 patients (12.7%) excluded because of insufficient number of tests, (6) or age < 6 years (20) B Blood gas test and lung function measurement follow-up statistics Number of blood gas tests median (range) Blood gas tests per year of observation Total of tests 1457 1987 to 1993 326/1457 22.4% per child 8.1 (3-15) 1994 to 2000 539/1457 37.0% per year of observation 68.2 (37-90) 2001 to 2008 592/1457 40.6% C Distribution of CFTR mutations n % Inframe/inframe (F508del[2]) a 103 57.9 Inframe/nonsense b 22 12.4 Frameshift/F508del c 19 10.7 Frameshift/non-F508del d 12 6.7 Inframe/splicesite e 7 3.9 Miscellaneous f 15 8.4 Total 178 100.0 Equal distribution of CFTR genotypes over age range and over years of observation CFTR: cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator population-specific CFTR genotype distribution, the patients were stratified into 6 groups consisting of (a) F508del homozygotes F508del[2| (inframe/inframe): n = 103 (57.9%), (b) R553X, G542X, Q525X and E585X compound heterozygotes with F508del (inframe/nonsense mutations): n = 22, (12.4%), (c) 3905insT compound heterozygotes 3905insT/F508del (frameshift/F508del): n = 19, (10.7%), (d) 3905insT compound heterozygotes with other than F508del (frameshift/non-F508del): n = 12, (6.7%), (e) 1717-1G>A, 621+1G<T and 4005+1G>A compound heterozygotes with F508del (inframe/splicesite): n = 7 (3.9%), and (f) miscellaneous genotypes n = 15, (8.4%). Login to comment
103 frequent CFTR genotypes inframe/inframe (F508del[2]), inframe/nonsense mutations (F508del/R553X, F508del/ G542X, F508del/Q524, F508del/E553), inframe/ frameshift (mainly F508del/3905insT), non-F508del/ frameshift, (mainly non-F508del/3905insT) and inframe/ splicesite genotypes were incorporated as fixed effects with "age at time of annual test" as covariate, and the patient-specific intercept as a random effect. Login to comment
140 The so called "Swiss-Type" (3905insT/ F508del), presented with the worst PaO2 values already detectable at the age of 5 years and the subgroup R553X/ F508del showed the worst deterioration (steepest slope) over the age range studied. Login to comment

PMID: 19318035 [PubMed] Seia M et al: "Borderline sweat test: Utility and limits of genetic analysis for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

59 In order to evaluate the relationship between the presence of CFTR mutation and sweat chloride concentration, we focused our attention on the 91 individuals (11.8%) in whom borderline sweat chloride values (31-59 mEq/l) were recorded (mean sweat electrolyte value was 40.0 mEq/l): 25 refused to be referred to the local Table 2 Demographic and clinical features of subjects with positive DNA analysis Patient Initials Gender Age at test years/ months Sweat chloride mEq/l Clinical indication DNA results IRT Right arm Left arm 1 CA M 49y5m 34 34 CBAVD G542X/5T-TG12 ND 2 SA M 45y2m 45 43 Pancreatitis F508del/R117H-7T ND 3 PD F 43y7m 33 38 Recurrent bronchitis F508del/5T-TG12 ND 4 CA M 36y1m 31 29 CBAVD R117H-7T/R117C-7T ND 5 SC M 36y1m 33 40 Pneumonia F508del/D1152H ND 6 MG M 25Y5m 41 45 CBAVD Q552X/D1152H NEG 7 SG M 18y5m 49 54 Pancreatitis 4016insT/dupl.prom.-3 ND 8 LS F 10y4m 41 38 Pancreatitis D1152H/L997F NEG 9 CM M 8y3m 30 31 Pneumonia F1052V/A120T NEG 10 PT M 7y3m 41 39 Positive screening F508del/Y1032C POS 11 ME F 7y1m 44 44 Positive screening 2789+5GNA/5T-TG12 POS 12 PM F 6y4m 35 36 Positive screening 2183AANG/5T-TG12 POS 13 BM F 6y3m 36 39 Positive screening F508del/5T-TG12 POS 14 CD M 5y8m 40 41 Chronic bronchitis 5T-TG12/5T-TG12 NEG 15 CG F 4y5m 33 37 Recurrent bronchitis R553X/L997F POS 16 CS F 3y8m 53 58 Family history G542X/D614G POS 17 VA M 4y2m 49 43 Pneumonia E831X/5T-TG12 ND 18 SC M 3y4m 39 39 Positive screening R352Q/G213E POS 19 CC F 2y3m 31 31 Positive screening F508del/5T-TG12 POS 20 CA F 2y5m 51 52 Recurrent bronchitis E831X/5T-TG12 ND 21 MR F 3y+7m 29 31 Family history G542X/5T-TG12 POS 22 CM F 2y3m 60 58 Pneumonia T338I/L997F POS 23 LM F 2y1m 50 52 Positive screening F508del/E1473X POS 24 CGE F 0y8m 46 47 Positive screening E92K/5T-TG13 POS 25 NF M 0y7m 32 30 Positive screening F508del/P5L POS 26 RG M 0y7m 45 40 Positive screening N1303K/P5L POS 27 PE M 47y4m 60 58 Nasal polyposis R1066H/UN ND 28 LS M 39y9m 39 38 Azoospermy N1303K/UN ND 29 TM M 38y4m 40 45 Azoospermy N1303K/UN ND 30 DF M 34y2m 52 58 Bronchiectasis 3849+10 kbCNT/UN ND 31 TV F 30y5m 35 34 Recurrent bronchitis L997F/UN ND 32 FA F 18y7m 53 49 Family history Del es.2/UN NEG 33 DG M 17y8m 43 47 Recurrent bronchitis 5T-TG12/UN NEG 34 LN F 13y7m 54 53 Nasal poliposis, malnutrition R74W-V855I/UN NEG 35 FKT M 15y4m 54 53 Chronic bronchitis R352Q/UN NEG 36 BM M 10y9m 48 51 Chronic bronchitis T1263I/UN NEG 37 SV F 11y1m 60 58 Chronic bronchitis R347H/UN NEG 38 CV F 10y10m 38 39 Recurrent bronchitis 5T-TG12/UN NEG 39 BF F 9y10m 37 38 Chronic bronchitis L997F/UN NEG 40 CA M 8y2m 33 32 Pneumonia F508del/UN NEG 41 RX F 8y7m 29 31 Chronic bronchitis V920L/UN NEG 42 MG F 4y3m 51 51 Positive screening F508del/UN POS Sweat chloride concentration and mutations/variants detected are also reported. Login to comment
57 In order to evaluate the relationship between the presence of CFTR mutation and sweat chloride concentration, we focused our attention on the 91 individuals (11.8%) in whom borderline sweat chloride values (31-59 mEq/l) were recorded (mean sweat electrolyte value was 40.0 mEq/l): 25 refused to be referred to the local Table 2 Demographic and clinical features of subjects with positive DNA analysis Patient Initials Gender Age at test years/ months Sweat chloride mEq/l Clinical indication DNA results IRT Right arm Left arm 1 CA M 49y5m 34 34 CBAVD G542X/5T-TG12 ND 2 SA M 45y2m 45 43 Pancreatitis F508del/R117H-7T ND 3 PD F 43y7m 33 38 Recurrent bronchitis F508del/5T-TG12 ND 4 CA M 36y1m 31 29 CBAVD R117H-7T/R117C-7T ND 5 SC M 36y1m 33 40 Pneumonia F508del/D1152H ND 6 MG M 25Y5m 41 45 CBAVD Q552X/D1152H NEG 7 SG M 18y5m 49 54 Pancreatitis 4016insT/dupl.prom.-3 ND 8 LS F 10y4m 41 38 Pancreatitis D1152H/L997F NEG 9 CM M 8y3m 30 31 Pneumonia F1052V/A120T NEG 10 PT M 7y3m 41 39 Positive screening F508del/Y1032C POS 11 ME F 7y1m 44 44 Positive screening 2789+5GNA/5T-TG12 POS 12 PM F 6y4m 35 36 Positive screening 2183AANG/5T-TG12 POS 13 BM F 6y3m 36 39 Positive screening F508del/5T-TG12 POS 14 CD M 5y8m 40 41 Chronic bronchitis 5T-TG12/5T-TG12 NEG 15 CG F 4y5m 33 37 Recurrent bronchitis R553X/L997F POS 16 CS F 3y8m 53 58 Family history G542X/D614G POS 17 VA M 4y2m 49 43 Pneumonia E831X/5T-TG12 ND 18 SC M 3y4m 39 39 Positive screening R352Q/G213E POS 19 CC F 2y3m 31 31 Positive screening F508del/5T-TG12 POS 20 CA F 2y5m 51 52 Recurrent bronchitis E831X/5T-TG12 ND 21 MR F 3y+7m 29 31 Family history G542X/5T-TG12 POS 22 CM F 2y3m 60 58 Pneumonia T338I/L997F POS 23 LM F 2y1m 50 52 Positive screening F508del/E1473X POS 24 CGE F 0y8m 46 47 Positive screening E92K/5T-TG13 POS 25 NF M 0y7m 32 30 Positive screening F508del/P5L POS 26 RG M 0y7m 45 40 Positive screening N1303K/P5L POS 27 PE M 47y4m 60 58 Nasal polyposis R1066H/UN ND 28 LS M 39y9m 39 38 Azoospermy N1303K/UN ND 29 TM M 38y4m 40 45 Azoospermy N1303K/UN ND 30 DF M 34y2m 52 58 Bronchiectasis 3849+10 kbCNT/UN ND 31 TV F 30y5m 35 34 Recurrent bronchitis L997F/UN ND 32 FA F 18y7m 53 49 Family history Del es.2/UN NEG 33 DG M 17y8m 43 47 Recurrent bronchitis 5T-TG12/UN NEG 34 LN F 13y7m 54 53 Nasal poliposis, malnutrition R74W-V855I/UN NEG 35 FKT M 15y4m 54 53 Chronic bronchitis R352Q/UN NEG 36 BM M 10y9m 48 51 Chronic bronchitis T1263I/UN NEG 37 SV F 11y1m 60 58 Chronic bronchitis R347H/UN NEG 38 CV F 10y10m 38 39 Recurrent bronchitis 5T-TG12/UN NEG 39 BF F 9y10m 37 38 Chronic bronchitis L997F/UN NEG 40 CA M 8y2m 33 32 Pneumonia F508del/UN NEG 41 RX F 8y7m 29 31 Chronic bronchitis V920L/UN NEG 42 MG F 4y3m 51 51 Positive screening F508del/UN POS Sweat chloride concentration and mutations/variants detected are also reported. Login to comment

PMID: 19208501 [PubMed] Balascakova M et al: "Pilot newborn screening project for cystic fibrosis in the Czech Republic: defining role of the delay in its symptomatic diagnosis and influence of ultrasound-based prenatal diagnosis on the incidence of the disease."

No. Sentence Comment

46 When the IRT was within the range of 75-150 ng/ml respective Guthrie cards were tested for the 5 most common CF-causing mutations occurring in Czech patients with the "classical form" of CF [p.F508del, c. CFTRdele2,3(21kb), p.N1303K, p.G551D, p.R553X] and comprising approximately 84% of all population specific CFTR alleles [11]. Login to comment
44 When the IRT was within the range of 75-150 ng/ml respective Guthrie cards were tested for the 5 most common CF-causing mutations occurring in Czech patients with the "classical form" of CF [p.F508del, c. CFTRdele2,3(21kb), p.N1303K, p.G551D, p.R553X] and comprising approximately 84% of all population specific CFTR alleles [11]. Login to comment

PMID: 19146842 [PubMed] Schneider M et al: "Ligation dependent allele specific quantification (LASQ) of CFTR cDNA on the LightCycler using MLPA hybridization probes."

No. Sentence Comment

27 7 patients were compound heterozygous for F508del and the mutations 3905insT (P3-5, P8) and R553X (P6, P7, P9) which induce both premature stop codons (PTC). Login to comment

PMID: 18938114 [PubMed] Collazo T et al: "Common mutations in Cuban cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

2 In this study, we have analyzed seven common CF mutations (p.F508del, p.G542X, p.R1162X, p.N1303K, p.R334W, p.R553X and c.3120+1G>A) taking into account the ethnic origin of the Cuban population which is mainly influenced by Spanish and sub-Sahara African contribution. Login to comment
25 Seven CF mutations were analyzed: p.F508del, p.G542X, p.R1162X, p.N1303K, p.R334W, p.R553X, c.3120+ 1G>A in all patients. Login to comment
27 The remaining three mutations, p.R334W [7], p.R553X [8] and c.3120+1G>A [9], were directly investigated by enzymatic digestion of the corresponding PCR products. Login to comment

PMID: 18992954 [PubMed] Henckaerts L et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene polymorphisms in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis."

No. Sentence Comment

54 Indeed, only R553X was found. Login to comment
77 CF related mutations in PSC patients and controls None of the PSC patients had a mutation on both copies of the CFTR gene: six PSC patients carried the F508del mutation in heterozygous state, and one PSC patient carried the R553X mutation in heterozygous state. Login to comment
91 There was Table 4 Summary of the 37 CFTR variants studied in the exploratory phase INNO-LiPA CFTR 19 INNO-LiPA CFTR17+Tn Update F508del 621+1GfiT G542X 3849+10kbCfiT N1303K 2183AAfiG W1282X 394delTT G551D 2789+5GfiA 1717-1GfiA R1162X R553X 3659delC CFTRdele2,3(21kb) R117H I507del R334W 711+1GfiT R347P 3272-26AfiG G85E 3905insT 1078delT R560T A455E 1898+1GfiA 2143delT S1251N E60X I148T 2184delA 3199del6 711+5GfiA 3120+1GfiA Tn Q552X Fig. 1. Login to comment

PMID: 18467194 [PubMed] Frentescu L et al: "The study of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations in a group of patients from Romania."

No. Sentence Comment

35 Nine patients were tested for 13 mutations [F508del, 1677delTA, I507del, R117H, R553X, 621+ 1GNT, R334W, R347P, G55D, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, CFTR dele2,3(21 kb)] in the Department of Human Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Science, Kiev, Ukraine (Table 1). Login to comment
47 For other Table 1 PCR primers and references for the analysis of 13 common mutations in the CFTR gene Mutation Name of primers Restriction enzyme Reference R334W 7F MspI [10] R347P 7R Hin6I R117H 4A Hin6I [11] 621+1GNT 4B HincII N1303K N1303F DdeI [12] N1303R W1282X W1182F MnlI [13] W1282R [14] G551D 11i5 HincII [15] R553X 11i3 Sau3A G542X 11ex3` MvaI [11] G542X F508del CF2 [3] I507del CF3 [16] 1677delTA C16B [17] C16D [18] [19] CFTRdele2,3(21 kb) CFTRdel2,3F [20] CFTRdel2,3R [13] Control primers for exon 3: 3i-5 3i-3 common mutations, the CF-3 kit was used, and/or restriction enzyme digestions of PCR products were performed, followed by the analysis of restriction products by agarose gel electrophoresis (Table 1); alternatively, the kits from Belgium and UK mentioned above, were used for selected samples, especially for heterozygous patients with F508del and an unknown mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 18243066 [PubMed] Ratbi I et al: "Cystic fibrosis carrier frequency and estimated prevalence of the disease in Morocco."

No. Sentence Comment

27 We screened for 32 CFTR gene mutations (G85E, 394delTT, R117H, 621+1GNT, 711+1GNT, R334W, R347P, R347H, 1078delT, A455E, I507del, F508del, V520F, 1717-1GNA, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, S549R(TNG), S549N, 1898+1GNA, 2183AANG, 2184delA, 2789+5GNA, 3120 + 1G NA, R1162X, 3659delC, 3849 + 10kbC NT, W1282X, 3905insT, 3876delA, N1303K) and the (T)5 splicing variant of intron 8, using a commercial kit (CF v3 Genotyping Assay, Abbott, Rungis, France). Login to comment

PMID: 18456578 [PubMed] Castellani C et al: "Consensus on the use and interpretation of cystic fibrosis mutation analysis in clinical practice."

No. Sentence Comment

1236 Table 1 Geographical distribution of the most common mutations E60X Southern European S549N Indian CFTR Slavic - Eastern European G551D United Kingdom, Central Europe R75X Southern European, US-Hispanic Q552X Southern European, Italian 394delTT Nordic - Baltic sea region R553X Central European G85E Southern Europe A559T African-American 406-1GNA US-Hispanic R560T Northern Irish R117H European-derived populations 1811+1.6kbANG Spanish, US-Hispanic R117C Northern European 1898+1GNA United Kingdom, Central Europe 621+1GNT Southern European 1898+5GNT East Asian populations 711+1GNT French, French Canadian 2143delT Slavic - Eastern European 711+5GNA US-Hispanic 2183delAANG Southern Europe, Middle Eastern, Iranian, Latin American L206W Spanish and US-Hispanic 2184delA European-derived populations V232D Spanish and US-Hispanic 2789+5GNA European-derived populations 1078delT French Brittany Q890X Southern European R334W Southern European, Latin American 3120+1GNA African, Arabian, African-American, Southern Europe 1161delC Indian 3272-26ANG European-derived populations R347P European-derived, Latin America 3659delC Scandinavian R347H Turkish 3849+10kbCNT Ashkenazi-Jewish, Southern European, Middle Eastern, Iranian, Indian A455E Dutch R1066C Southern European 1609delCA Spanish, US-Hispanic Y1092X (CNA) Southern European I506T Southern European, Spanish M1101K US-Hutterite I507del European-derived populations 3905insT Swiss F508del European-derived populations D1152H European-derived populations 1677delTA Southern European, Middle Eastern R1158X Southern European 1717-GNA European-derived populations R1162X Italian, Amerindian, Latin America V520F Irish S1251N European-derived populations G542X Southern European, Mediterranean W1282X Ashkenazi-Jewish, Middle Eastern S549R(TNG) Middle Eastern N1303K Southern European, Middle Eastern Legend: these alleles occur with a frequency superior to 0.1% in selected populations. Login to comment
1239 Table 1 Geographical distribution of the most common mutations E60X Southern European S549N Indian CFTR Slavic - Eastern European G551D United Kingdom, Central Europe R75X Southern European, US-Hispanic Q552X Southern European, Italian 394delTT Nordic - Baltic sea region R553X Central European G85E Southern Europe A559T African-American 406-1GNA US-Hispanic R560T Northern Irish R117H European-derived populations 1811+1.6kbANG Spanish, US-Hispanic R117C Northern European 1898+1GNA United Kingdom, Central Europe 621+1GNT Southern European 1898+5GNT East Asian populations 711+1GNT French, French Canadian 2143delT Slavic - Eastern European 711+5GNA US-Hispanic 2183delAANG Southern Europe, Middle Eastern, Iranian, Latin American L206W Spanish and US-Hispanic 2184delA European-derived populations V232D Spanish and US-Hispanic 2789+5GNA European-derived populations 1078delT French Brittany Q890X Southern European R334W Southern European, Latin American 3120+1GNA African, Arabian, African-American, Southern Europe 1161delC Indian 3272-26ANG European-derived populations R347P European-derived, Latin America 3659delC Scandinavian R347H Turkish 3849+10kbCNT Ashkenazi-Jewish, Southern European, Middle Eastern, Iranian, Indian A455E Dutch R1066C Southern European 1609delCA Spanish, US-Hispanic Y1092X (CNA) Southern European I506T Southern European, Spanish M1101K US-Hutterite I507del European-derived populations 3905insT Swiss F508del European-derived populations D1152H European-derived populations 1677delTA Southern European, Middle Eastern R1158X Southern European 1717-GNA European-derived populations R1162X Italian, Amerindian, Latin America V520F Irish S1251N European-derived populations G542X Southern European, Mediterranean W1282X Ashkenazi-Jewish, Middle Eastern S549R(TNG) Middle Eastern N1303K Southern European, Middle Eastern Legend: these alleles occur with a frequency superior to 0.1% in selected populations. Login to comment

PMID: 17766193 [PubMed] Bangel N et al: "Upregulated expression of ENaC in human CF nasal epithelium."

No. Sentence Comment

55 For qRT-PCR experiments we analysed five patients homozygous for ΔF508 and one with a compound heterozygoty for ΔF508/R553X (also used for molecular cloning). Login to comment
56 For qRT-PCR experiments we analysed five patients homozygous for ƊF508 and one with a compound heterozygoty for ƊF508/R553X (also used for molecular cloning). Login to comment

PMID: 17662673 [PubMed] Alibakhshi R et al: "Analysis of the CFTR gene in Iranian cystic fibrosis patients: identification of eight novel mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

50 Mutations were detected as follows: In a first phase, all subjects were analyzed with an amplification refractory mutation system assay (ARMS-PCR), as described by Ferrie et al. [20], detecting the following mutations: p.F508del, p.N1303K, p.G542X, c.1717-1GNA, p.R553X, p.W1282X, p.G551D, c.621+1GNT, c.I507del and p.R560T. Login to comment

PMID: 17572159 [PubMed] Loumi O et al: "CFTR mutations in the Algerian population."

No. Sentence Comment

135 Surprisingly, none of the defined mutations (R553X, G551D, 1717-1G→A, G542X), which occur relatively frequently in exon 11 in Caucasian populations, was identified in our Algerian population except the G542X that has been identified once. Login to comment

PMID: 17560176 [PubMed] Viel M et al: "ENaCbeta and gamma genes as modifier genes in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

72 Twenty-one were homozygous for the Phe508del mutation and 17 were compound heterozygous or homozygous for two severe mutations (R553X:1717-1GNA, Phe508del:W1282X, Phe508del:1717-1GNA, 2 Phe508del:3659delC, Phe508del:N1303K, Phe508del:W57X, Phe508del:Q1411X, G542X:1380insT, Phe508del:R553X, Table 1 Parameters for amplification of the ENaCβ and ENaCγ gene fragments (GenBank accession number NM_000336 and NM_001039, respectively) Fragment Sequence of primers Annealing temperature (°C) ENaCβ Exon 2 2F 5' gtgtcccagctgatgtgcgt 3' 55 2R 5' tgaggccagctgtgcactcc 3' Exon 3 3F 5' acagactactatggagtggg 3' 55 3R 5' aagaaacacccatcagcctc 3' Exon 4 4F 5' gtcctgctagcagctcccac 3' 59 4R 5' caaccgtaacatgccactgt 3' Exon 5 5F 5' ctgccctgcagctgatgctg 3' 55 5R 5' ccctgcaacagctgatggtc 3' Exon 6 6F gtctcctttctgcctcagga 3' 59 6R 5' tcagaccctctaggactgcc 3' Exon 7 7F 5' aggtgcagaaagggcttcct 3' 63 7R 5' catgaggcgtgcaccaccttcccac 3' Exon 8 8F 5' ctgaccatgcctgtgttctc 3' 59 8R 5' ctctatggtcagagcctctg 3' Exon 9-10 9F 5' cagaggctcagcagggaaca 3' 63 10R 5' catcttatgcccagacttgt 3' Exon 11 11F 5' gatgctgcagatggcaactt 3' 55 11R 5' gagctgtcctgtgtccaaac 3' Exon 12 12F 5' acattagtcccggcccttct 3' 55 12R 5' ggtattgggagactcctaaa 3' Exon 13 13F 5' fgaggcaagaatgtgtggcct 3' 59 13R 5' tcttggctgctcagtgagtt 3' ENaCγ Exon 2 2F 5' agcacgcccgtcctcagagt 3' 57 2R 5' ccagtgtgtcactttcggga 3' Exon 3 3F 5' tgaggctgacacgtgttgat 3' 55 3R 5' tgcccctaagcagtgaaaga 3' Exon 4 4F 5' agtagcgataggaccgatgg 3' 55 4R 5' tcagagctgccagtccttag 3' Exon 5 5F 5' cccaacttcagctaagatgc 3' 55 5R 5' agatctccttggcacaggtt 3' Exon 6 6F 5' ttggatcacagcaggttgtc 3' 55 6R 5' gatctgttctctccaagcct 3' Exon 7 7F 5' ctgtctggtgctccttgcaa 3' 55 7R 5' ccagcttagatataactttg 3' Exon 8 8F 5' tgagcaaagacatgaatggc 3' 57 8R 5' agtgcctattgccaggacta 3' Exon 9-10-11 9F 5' tccaaagctcatgctgccct 3' 57 11R 5' acagaggaacagggtagagg 3' Exon 12 12F 5' ggatgccaaggctcttgatt 3' 52 12R 5' gccaggaagatgctcacatt 3' Exon 13 13F 5' aggttcctcttgatggtgt 3' 55 13R 5' ggtcctgactagatctgtct 3' Table 2 Parameters for dHPLC conditions Fragment Temperature (°C) ENaCβ Exon 2 62.3/63.3 Exon 3 59.5/60.7 Exon 4 62.2/63.4 Exon 5 59.5/61 Exon 6 63 Exon 7 61.6/62.6/63.6 Exon 8 62.8/64.8 Exon 9-10 61.5/62.5/65 Exon 11 61/62/63.5 Exon 12 69 Exon 13 61/63.3/64.8 ENaCγ Exon 2 60.8/63.2/66 Exon 3 61/61.4 Exon 4 60.6 Exon 5 59.5/60.5 Exon 6 56.5/59/60.5 Exon 7 63/63.6 Exon 8 59.5/63 Exon 9-10-11 60.7/61.5/62.7/64.7 Exon 12 59.5/61.7 Exon 13 61/62.2 Phe508del:I507del, Phe508del:4382delA, S549R:3120+ 1GNA, Phe508del:3120+1GNA, Y122X:Y122X; Phe508del:W846X; Phe508del:E60X). Login to comment

PMID: 17481968 [PubMed] Storm K et al: "High incidence of the CFTR mutations 3272-26A-->G and L927P in Belgian cystic fibrosis patients, and identification of three new CFTR mutations (186-2A-->G, E588V, and 1671insTATCA)."

No. Sentence Comment

31 The Inno Lipa™ CFTR12 assay contains normal and mutant probes for 12 different CFTR mutations (ΔF508, G542X, N1303K, 1717-1G→A, W1282X, G551D, R553X, S1251N, R560T, 3905insT, Q552X, ΔI507). Login to comment

PMID: 16784904 [PubMed] Ciminelli BM et al: "Highly preferential association of NonF508del CF mutations with the M470 allele."

No. Sentence Comment

91 Among NonF CF mutations, G85E, R553X and N1303K were found both with the M and the Vallele within the Italian sample; 1898+1 G>A and 3849+10 Kb C>T were found both with the M and the V allele within the Czech Republic; and G551D was found in Italy with the V allele (1/1) and in the Czech Republic with the M allele (12/12). Login to comment

PMID: 16423550 [PubMed] Ramirez AM et al: "Mutational spectrum of cystic fibrosis patients from Cordoba province and its zone of influence: implications of molecular diagnosis in Argentina."

No. Sentence Comment

44 Mutations (p.F508del, p.N1303K, p.G542X, p.R334W, c.2789 + 5G > A, c.3659delC, p.R553X, c.3849 + 10kbC > T, p.R1162X, c.621 + 1G > T, p.W1282X, p.R117H, c.1078delT, p.E60X, p.R347P, p.A455E, p.I507del, c.1717-1G > A, p.G551D, [c.2183A > G; c.2184delA] and p.S1251N) were analyzed by heteroduplex analysis on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [11,12] and by ampliWcation refractory mutation system [13] in all 78 patients. Login to comment
86 Mutation Exon/Intron CF alleles % p.F508del Exon 10 94 60.26 p.N1303K Exon 21 8 5.13 p.G542X Exon 11 7 4.49 p.R334W Exon 7 3 1.93 p.R1066C Exon 17b 3 1.93 c.2789 + 5G > A Intron 14b 3 1.93 p.G85E Exon 3 2 1.28 c.3659del C Exon 19 2 1.28 c.1811 + 1.6kbA > G Intron 11 2 1.28 c.1898 + 1G > A Intron 12 2 1.28 c.3272-26A > G Intron 17a 2 1.28 p.S589I Exon 12 2 1.28 p.R553X Exon 11 2 1.28 IVS8-5T Intron 8 2 1.28 c.3849 + 10kb C > T Intron 19 1 0.64 c.621 + 1G > T Intron 4 1 0.64 p.R1162X Exon 19 1 0.64 c.711 + 1G > T Intron 5 1 0.64 c.3120 + 1G > A Intron 16 1 0.64 p.Y913C Exon 15 1 0.64 c.4005 + 1G > A Intron 20 1 0.64 p.W1089X Exon 17b 1 0.64 p.R1283M Exon 20 1 0.64 [p.I148T;c.3199_3204del ATAGTG] Exon 4, Exon 17a 1 0.64 p.G27Ra Exon 2 1 0.64 p.W277Ra Exon 6b 1 0.64 c.622-2A > Ga Intron4 1 0.64 Unknown allele - 9 5.77 Wrst year of life he required several internments, for hydroelectric desequilibrium and persistent pulmonary infections causing failure to thrive. Login to comment
89 Fourteen mutations have a frequency higher than 1%, p.F508del (60.26%), p.N1303K (5.13%), p.G542X (4.49%), and three mutations, p.R334W, p.R1066C, c.2789 + 5G> A (1.93%), and another eight, p.G85E, c.3659delC, c.1811 + 1.6kbA > G, c.1898 + 1G > A, c.3272-26A > G, p.S589I, p.R553X, and 5T (1.28%). Login to comment

PMID: 16581722 [PubMed] Bertuzzo CS et al: "Molecular screening of CFTR gene in Brazilian men with bilateral agenesis of the vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

57 When we compared the mutations detected by the present study with those found in fibrocystic patients in our region, we verify that among fibrocystics the most frequent mutations are: DF508, G542X, G551D, R553X and N1303K (Bernardino et al., 2000; Martins et al., 1993; Raskin et al., 1999), while in the present study they were the DF508, IVS8-5T, R117H and N1303K. Login to comment

PMID: 16412743 [PubMed] Schulz S et al: "Increased frequency of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations in infertile males."

No. Sentence Comment

45 Mutations R117H, R347P, G542X, G551D, R553X, 3849ϩ10kbCϾT, and N1303K were analyzed by PCR and restriction enzyme cleavage. Login to comment
47 Among CFTR mutations detected in the German population, F508del, R117H, R347P, G542X, G551D, R553X, 3849ϩ10kbCϾT, N1303K, and CFTR2,3dele(21kb) occur with a frequency of 72%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.2%, 0.9%, 2%, 1%, 1.8%, and 1.2%, respectively (9-11). Login to comment

PMID: 16051530 [PubMed] Kinnunen S et al: "Spectrum of mutations in CFTR in Finland: 18 years follow-up study and identification of two novel mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

36 The InnoLipa assay recognizes 36 mutations: E60X (c.178G>T, p.Glu60X), G85E (c.254G>A, p.Gly85- Glu), 394delTT, R117H (c.350G>A, p.Arg117His), I148T (c.443T>C, p.Ile148Thr), 621+1G>T (c.489+1G>T), 711+1G>T (c.579+1G>T), 711+5G>A (c.579+5G>A), 1078delT (c.948delT, p.Phe316fs), R334W (c.1000C>T, p.Arg334Trp), R347P (c.1040G>C, p.Arg347Pro), A455E (c.1364C>A, p.Ala455Glu), I507del (c.1519_1521delATC, p.Ile507del), F508del, 1717À1G>A (c.1585À1G>A), G542X, G551D (c.1652G >A, p.Gly551Asp), Q552X (c.1654C > T, p.Gln552X), R553X (c.1657C > T, p.Arg553X), R560T (1679G>vC, p.Arg560Thr), 1898+ 1G > A (c.1766 + 1G > A), 2143delT (c.2012delT, p.Leu671fs), 2183AA > G (c.2051_2052delAAinsG, p.Lys684fs), 2184delA (c.2052delA, p.Lys684fs), 2789+ 5G>A (c.2657+5G>A), 3120+1G>A (c.2988+1G>A), 3199del6 (c.3067_3072del, p.Ile1023_Val1024del), 3272À 26A > G (c.3140 À26A > G), R1162X (c.3484C > T, p.Arg1162X), 3849+10kbCYT, 3659delC (c.3528delC, p.Lys1177fs), S1251N (c.3752G > A, p.Ser1251Asn), 3905insT (c.3773dupT, p.Leu1258fs), W1282X (c.3846G> A, p.Trp1282X), N1303K (c.3909C>G, p.Asn1303Lys), CFTRdele2,3(21kb) and Tn-polymorphism on intron 8. Login to comment
37 The InnoLipa assay recognizes 36 mutations: E60X (c.178G>T, p.Glu60X), G85E (c.254G>A, p.Gly85Glu), 394delTT, R117H (c.350G>A, p.Arg117His), I148T (c.443T>C, p.Ile148Thr), 621+1G>T (c.489+1G>T), 711+1G>T (c.579+1G>T), 711+5G>A (c.579+5G>A), 1078delT (c.948delT, p.Phe316fs), R334W (c.1000C>T, p.Arg334Trp), R347P (c.1040G>C, p.Arg347Pro), A455E (c.1364C>A, p.Ala455Glu), I507del (c.1519_1521delATC, p.Ile507del), F508del, 1717 1G>A (c.1585 1G>A), G542X, G551D (c.1652G >A, p.Gly551Asp), Q552X (c.1654C > T, p.Gln552X), R553X (c.1657C > T, p.Arg553X), R560T (1679G>vC, p.Arg560Thr), 1898+ 1G > A (c.1766 + 1G > A), 2143delT (c.2012delT, p.Leu671fs), 2183AA > G (c.2051_2052delAAinsG, p.Lys684fs), 2184delA (c.2052delA, p.Lys684fs), 2789+ 5G>A (c.2657+5G>A), 3120+1G>A (c.2988+1G>A), 3199del6 (c.3067_3072del, p.Ile1023_Val1024del), 3272 26A > G (c.3140 26A > G), R1162X (c.3484C > T, p.Arg1162X), 3849+10kbCYT, 3659delC (c.3528delC, p.Lys1177fs), S1251N (c.3752G > A, p.Ser1251Asn), 3905insT (c.3773dupT, p.Leu1258fs), W1282X (c.3846G> A, p.Trp1282X), N1303K (c.3909C>G, p.Asn1303Lys), CFTRdele2,3(21kb) and Tn-polymorphism on intron 8. Login to comment

PMID: 16378926 [PubMed] Marcus-Soekarman D et al: "Hyperechogenic fetal bowel: counseling difficulties."

No. Sentence Comment

67 Routine CFTR-mutation analysis, using Table 1 CFTR-mutations screened for in the first step E60X 2143delT G542X G85E 2183AA-G G551D 394delTT 2184delA Q552X 621 + 1G-T 2789 + 5G-A R553X R117H 3849 + 10kbC-T R560T 711 + 5G-A R1162X S1251N 1078delT 3659delC 390insT R334W delta I507 W1282X R347P delta F508 N1303K A455E 1717-1G-A a panel of 29 CFTR-mutations, detects only 41.6% of CFTR-mutations in the Turkish population [1]. Login to comment

PMID: 16049310 [PubMed] Schrijver I et al: "Genotyping microarray for the detection of more than 200 CFTR mutations in ethnically diverse populations."

No. Sentence Comment

51 Complete List of Mutations Detectable with the CF APEX Assay CFTR location Amino acid change Nucleotide change 1 E 1 Frameshift 175delC 2 E 2,3 Frameshift del E2, E3 3 E 2 W19C 189 GϾT 4 E 2 Q39X 247 CϾT 5 IVS 2 Possible splicing defect 296 ϩ 12 TϾC 6 E 3 Frameshift 359insT 7 E 3 Frameshift 394delTT 8 E 3 W57X (TAG) 302GϾA 9 E 3 W57X (TGA) 303GϾA 10 E 3 E60X 310GϾT 11 E 3 P67L 332CϾT 12 E 3 R74Q 353GϾA 13 E 3 R75X 355CϾT 14 E 3 G85E 386GϾA 15 E 3 G91R 403GϾA 16 IVS 3 Splicing defect 405 ϩ 1GϾA 17 IVS 3 Possible splicing defect 405 ϩ 3AϾC 18 IVS 3 Splicing defect 406 - 1GϾA 19 E 4 E92X 406GϾT 20 E 4 E92K 406GϾA 21 E 4 Q98R 425AϾG 22 E 4 Q98P 425AϾC 23 E 4 Frameshift 444delA 24 E 4 Frameshift 457TATϾG 25 E 4 R117C 481CϾT 26 E 4 R117H 482GϾA 27 E 4 R117P 482GϾC 28 E 4 R117L 482GϾT 29 E 4 Y122X 498TϾA 30 E 4 Frameshift 574delA 31 E 4 I148T 575TϾC 32 E 4 Splicing defect 621GϾA 33 IVS 4 Splicing defect 621 ϩ 1GϾT 34 IVS 4 Splicing defect 621 ϩ 3AϾG 35 E 5 Frameshift 624delT 36 E 5 Frameshift 663delT 37 E 5 G178R 664GϾA 38 E 5 Q179K 667CϾA 39 IVS 5 Splicing defect 711 ϩ 1GϾT 40 IVS 5 Splicing defect 711 ϩ 1GϾA 41 IVS 5 Splicing defect 712 - 1GϾT 42 E 6a H199Y 727CϾT 43 E 6a P205S 745CϾT 44 E 6a L206W 749TϾG 45 E 6a Q220X 790CϾT 46 E 6b Frameshift 935delA 47 E 6b Frameshift 936delTA 48 E 6b N287Y 991AϾT 49 IVS 6b Splicing defect 1002 - 3TϾG 50 E 7 ⌬F311 3-bp del between nucleotides 1059 and 1069 51 E 7 Frameshift 1078delT 52 E 7 Frameshift 1119delA 53 E 7 G330X 1120GϾT 54 E 7 R334W 1132CϾT 55 E 7 I336K 1139TϾA 56 E 7 T338I 1145CϾT 57 E 7 Frameshift 1154insTC 58 E 7 Frameshift 1161delC 59 E 7 L346P 1169TϾC 60 E 7 R347H 1172GϾA 61 E 7 R347P 1172GϾC 62 E 7 R347L 1172GϾT 63 E 7 R352Q 1187GϾA 64 E 7 Q359K/T360K 1207CϾA and 1211CϾA 65 E 7 S364P 1222TϾC 66 E 8 Frameshift 1259insA 67 E 8 W401X (TAG) 1334GϾA 68 E 8 W401X (TGA) 1335GϾA 69 IVS 8 Splicing changes 1342 - 6 poly(T) variants 5T/7T/9T 70 IVS 8 Splicing defect 1342 - 2AϾC Table 1. Continued CFTR location Amino acid change Nucleotide change 71 E 9 A455E 1496CϾA 72 E 9 Frameshift 1504delG 73 E 10 G480C 1570GϾT 74 E 10 Q493X 1609CϾT 75 E 10 Frameshift 1609delCA 76 E 10 ⌬I507 3-bp del between nucleotides 1648 and 1653 77 E 10 ⌬F508 3-bp del between nucleotides 1652 and 1655 78 E 10 Frameshift 1677delTA 79 E 10 V520F 1690GϾT 80 E 10 C524X 1704CϾA 81 IVS 10 Possible splicing defect 1717 - 8GϾA 82 IVS 10 Splicing defect 1717 - 1GϾA 83 E 11 G542X 1756GϾT 84 E 11 G551D 1784GϾA 85 E 11 Frameshift 1784delG 86 E 11 S549R (AϾC) 1777AϾC 87 E 11 S549I 1778GϾT 88 E 11 S549N 1778GϾA 89 E 11 S549R (TϾG) 1779TϾG 90 E 11 Q552X 1786CϾT 91 E 11 R553X 1789CϾT 92 E 11 R553G 1789CϾG 93 E 11 R553Q 1790GϾA 94 E 11 L558S 1805TϾC 95 E 11 A559T 1807GϾA 96 E 11 R560T 1811GϾC 97 E 11 R560K 1811GϾA 98 IVS 11 Splicing defect 1811 ϩ 1.6 kb AϾG 99 IVS 11 Splicing defect 1812 - 1GϾA 100 E 12 Y563D 1819TϾG 101 E 12 Y563N 1819TϾA 102 E 12 Frameshift 1833delT 103 E 12 D572N 1846GϾA 104 E 12 P574H 1853CϾA 105 E 12 T582R 1877CϾG 106 E 12 E585X 1885GϾT 107 IVS 12 Splicing defect 1898 ϩ 5GϾT 108 IVS 12 Splicing defect 1898 ϩ 1GϾA 109 IVS 12 Splicing defect 1898 ϩ 1GϾC 110 IVS 12 Splicing defect 1898 ϩ 1GϾT 111 E 13 Frameshift 1924del7 112 E 13 del of 28 amino acids 1949del84 113 E 13 I618T 1985TϾC 114 E 13 Frameshift 2183AAϾG 115 E 13 Frameshift 2043delG 116 E 13 Frameshift 2055del9ϾA 117 E 13 D648V 2075TϾA 118 E 13 Frameshift 2105-2117 del13insAGAA 119 E 13 Frameshift 2108delA 120 E 13 R668C 2134CϾT 121 E 13 Frameshift 2143delT 122 E 13 Frameshift 2176insC 123 E 13 Frameshift 2184delA 124 E 13 Frameshift 2184insA 125 E 13 Q685X 2185CϾT 126 E 13 R709X 2257CϾT 127 E 13 K710X 2260AϾT 128 E 13 Frameshift 2307insA 129 E 13 V754M 2392GϾA 130 E 13 R764X 2422CϾT 131 E 14a W846X 2670GϾA 132 E 14a Frameshift 2734delGinsAT 133 E 14b Frameshift 2766del8 134 IVS 14b Splicing defect 2789 ϩ 5GϾA 135 IVS 14b Splicing defect 2790 - 2AϾG 136 E 15 Q890X 2800CϾT 137 E 15 Frameshift 2869insG 138 E 15 S945L 2966CϾT 139 E 15 Frameshift 2991del32 140 E 16 Splicing defect 3120GϾA interrogation: ACCAACATGTTTTCTTTGATCTTAC 3121-2A3G,T S; 5Ј-ACCAACATGTTTTCTTTGATCTTAC A GTTGTTATTAATTGTGATTGGAGCTATAG-3Ј; CAACAA- TAATTAACACTAACCTCGA 3121-2A3G,T AS. Login to comment
73 Genomic DNA Samples Used for Mutation Evaluation on the APEX Array Mutations validated with native DNA CFTRdel 2,3 (21 kb) 394delTT G85E R75X 574delA Y122X R117C R117H 621 ϩ 1GϾT 621 ϩ 3AϾG 711 ϩ 1GϾT I336K R334W R347P IVS8-5T IVS8-7T IVS8-9T A455E ⌬F508 ⌬I507 1677delTA 1717 - 1GϾA G542X G551D R553X R560T S549N 1898 ϩ 1GϾA 1898 ϩ 1GϾC 2183AAϾG 2043delG R668C 2143delT 2184delA 2184insA 2789 ϩ 5GϾA S945L 3120 ϩ 1GϾA I1005R 3272 - 26AϾG R1066C G1069R Y1092X (CϾA) 3500 - 2AϾT R1158X R1162X 3659delC S1235R 3849 ϩ 10 kb CϾT W1282X primer. Login to comment

PMID: 15858154 [PubMed] Schrijver I et al: "Diagnostic testing by CFTR gene mutation analysis in a large group of Hispanics: novel mutations and assessment of a population-specific mutation spectrum."

No. Sentence Comment

81 G542X, which is a common allele of European origin, occurred a total of 7 times (1%), including once in homozygosity, while R334W and R553X occurred twice each. Login to comment
98 Spectrum of CFTR Sequence Variants in 257 Hispanic Patients Who Underwent Diagnostic DNA Testing for CF Mutations in 257 patients Allele counts of each mutation % of variant alleles (183) % of all alleles tested (514) ACMG/ACOG recommended 25 mutation panel* DeltaF508 53 28.96 10.31 G542X 7 3.83 1.36 R334W 2 1.09 0.39 R553X 2 1.09 0.39 DeltaI507 1 0.55 0.19 1717 - 1 GϾA 1 0.55 0.19 3120 ϩ 1 GϾA 1 0.55 0.19 7 different mutations 67 36.61 13.04 All mutations included ACMG/ACOG 1248 ϩ 1 GϾA 1 0.55 0.19 1249 - 29delAT 1 0.55 0.19 1288insTA1288insTA 1 0.55 0.19 1341 ϩ 80 GϾA1341 ϩ 80 GϾA 1 0.55 0.19 1429del71429del7 1 0.55 0.19 1525 - 42 GϾA1525 - 42 GϾA 1 0.55 0.19 1717 - 1 GϾA 1 0.55 0.19 1717 - 8 GϾA 2 1.09 0.39 1811 ϩ 1 GϾA1811 ϩ 1 GϾA 1 0.55 0.19 2055del9-ϾA 3 1.64 0.58 2105-2117del13insAGAAA 1 0.55 0.19 2215insG 1 0.55 0.19 2585delT2585delT 1 0.55 0.19 2752 - 6 TϾC 1 0.55 0.19 296 ϩ 28 AϾG 1 0.55 0.19 3120 ϩ 1 GϾ A 1 0.55 0.19 3271 ϩ 8 AϾG3271 ϩ 8 AϾG 1 0.55 0.19 3271delGG 1 0.55 0.19 3272 - 26 AϾG 2 1.09 0.39 3876delA 2 1.09 0.39 4016insT 1 0.55 0.19 406 - 1 GϾA 6 3.28 1.17 406 - 6 TϾC 1 0.55 0.19 4374 ϩ 13 A ϾG 1 0.55 0.19 663delT 1 0.55 0.19 874insTACA874insTACA 1 0.55 0.19 A1009T 2 1.09 0.39 A559T 1 0.55 0.19 D1152H 1 0.55 0.19 D1270N 3 1.64 0.58 D1445N 2 1.09 0.39 D836Y 1 0.55 0.19 DeltaF311 1 0.55 0.19 DeltaF508 53 28.96 10.31 DeltaI507 1 0.55 0.19 E116K 2 1.09 0.39 E585X 1 0.55 0.19 E588VE588V 2 1.09 0.39 E831X 1 0.55 0.19 F311L 1 0.55 0.19 F693L 1 0.55 0.19 G1244E 1 0.55 0.19 G542X 7 3.83 1.36 G576A 1 0.55 0.19 H199Y 3 1.64 0.58 I1027T 3 1.64 0.58 I285FI285F 1 0.55 0.19 L206W 3 1.64 0.58 L320V 1 0.55 0.19 L967S 1 0.55 0.19 L997F 3 1.64 0.58 P1372LP1372L 1 0.55 0.19 P205S 1 0.55 0.19 P439SP439S 1 0.55 0.19 Q1313X 1 0.55 0.19 Q890X 2 1.09 0.39 Q98R 1 0.55 0.19 R1066C 1 0.55 0.19 R1066H 1 0.55 0.19 (Table continues) missense variant, I1027T (3212TϾC), in exon 17a.25 Family studies have not been performed to identify which allele carries two mutations. Login to comment
103 Table 1. Continued Mutations in 257 patients Allele counts of each mutation % of variant alleles (183) % of all alleles tested (514) R1070W 1 0.55 0.19 R1158X 1 0.55 0.19 R1438W 1 0.55 0.19 R334W 2 1.09 0.39 R352W 1 0.55 0.19 R553X 2 1.09 0.39 R668C 2 1.09 0.39 R74W 3 1.64 0.58 R75X 3 1.64 0.58 S1235R 2 1.09 0.39 S492F 2 1.09 0.39 S549N 1 0.55 0.19 S573CS573C 1 0.55 0.19 S945L 1 0.55 0.19 T351S 1 0.55 0.19 T501A 2 1.09 0.39 T604ST604S 1 0.55 0.19 V11I 1 0.55 0.19 V201 mol/L 1 0.55 0.19 V232D 2 1.09 0.39 V754 mol/L 1 0.55 0.19 W1089X 2 1.09 0.39 W1098C 1 0.55 0.19 W1204X 4 2.19 0.78 Y563N 1 0.55 0.19 Y913XY913X 1 0.55 0.19 85 different mutations 183 100.00 35.60 Novel variants are in boldface, mutations on the ACMG/ACOG panel are italicized. Login to comment
173 Of the 22 mutations present at a relative frequency of 1% or more, only eight are currently included in the standard 25 mutation panel recommended (I148T, R334W, ⌬F508, G542X, R553X, 1717-1GϾA, 3120 ϩ 1GϾA, and 3849 ϩ 10kbCϾT), although a recent ACMG revision will remove variant I148T.13 The California Department of Health Services is also tracking Hispanic mutations.15 However, these may duplicate some of those described in the other reports and therefore are not included in this analysis. Login to comment
187 CFTR Sequence Variants Identified in Five Comprehensive CFTR Studies in US Hispanics CFTR mutations Alleles Relative mutation frequency (%) (of 317) deltaF508 123 38.80 3876delA 15 4.70 G542X 12 3.80 406 - 1GϾA 8 2.50 3849 ϩ 10kbCϾT 5 1.60 R75X 4 1.30 935delA 4 1.30 S549N 4 1.30 W1204X 4 1.30 R334W 4 1.30 2055del9ϾA 3 1 R74W 3 1 H199Y 3 1 L206W 3 1 663delT 3 1 3120 ϩ 1GϾA 3 1 L997F 3 1 I1027T 3 1 R1066C 3 1 W1089X 3 1 D1270N 3 1 2105del13insAGAAA 3 1 Q98R 2 Ͻ1 E116K 2 Ͻ1 I148T 2 Ͻ1 R668C 2 Ͻ1 P205S 2 Ͻ1 V232D 2 Ͻ1 S492F 2 Ͻ1 T501A 2 Ͻ1 1949del84 2 Ͻ1 Q890X 2 Ͻ1 3271delGG 2 Ͻ1 3272 - 26AϾG 2 Ͻ1 G1244E 2 Ͻ1 D1445N 2 Ͻ1 R553X 2 Ͻ1 E588V 2 Ͻ1 1717 - 8GϾA 2 Ͻ1 A1009T 2 Ͻ1 S1235R 2 Ͻ1 G85E 1 Ͻ1 296 ϩ 28AϾG 1 Ͻ1 406 - 6TϾC 1 Ͻ1 V11I 1 Ͻ1 Q179K 1 Ͻ1 V201 mol/L 1 Ͻ1 874insTACA 1 Ͻ1 I285F 1 Ͻ1 deltaF311 1 Ͻ1 F311L 1 Ͻ1 L320V 1 Ͻ1 T351S 1 Ͻ1 R352W 1 Ͻ1 1248 ϩ 1GϾA 1 Ͻ1 1249 - 29delAT 1 Ͻ1 1288insTA 1 Ͻ1 1341 ϩ 80GϾA 1 Ͻ1 1429del7 1 Ͻ1 1525 - 42GϾA 1 Ͻ1 P439S 1 Ͻ1 1717 - 1GϾA 1 Ͻ1 1811 ϩ 1GϾA 1 Ͻ1 deltaI507 1 Ͻ1 G551D 1 Ͻ1 A559T 1 Ͻ1 Y563N 1 Ͻ1 (Table continues) In this study, we used temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) and direct DNA sequencing to increase the sensitivity of mutation detection in U.S. Hispanics, and to determine whether additional mutations are recurrent. Login to comment
201 Comparison of Relative Frequencies of CFTR Sequence Variants in Comprehensive CFTR Studies in US and Mexican Hispanics This study % Orozco 2000 % US/ Mexican % deltaF508 28.96 54.48 43.72 G542X 3.83 8.28 5.19 406 - 1GϾA 3.28 2.07 2.38 W1204X 2.19 Ͻ1 1.08 R74W 1.64 Ͻ1 R75X 1.64 2.07 1.51 H199Y 1.64 Ͻ1 Ͻ1 L206W 1.64 Ͻ1 L997F 1.64 Ͻ1 I1027T 1.64 Ͻ1 2055del9ϾA 1.64 1.38 1.27 D1270N 1.64 Ͻ1 E116K 1.09 Ͻ1 V232D 1.09 Ͻ1 R334W 1.09 Ͻ1 S492F 1.09 Ͻ1 T501A 1.09 Ͻ1 R553X 1.09 Ͻ1 Ͻ1 E588V 1.09 Ͻ1 R668C 1.09 Ͻ1 Q890X 1.09 Ͻ1 W1089X 1.09 Ͻ1 S1235R 1.09 Ͻ1 D1445N 1.09 Ͻ1 3876delA 1.09 3.24 1717 - 8GϾA 1.09 Ͻ1 3272 - 26AϾG 1.09 Ͻ1 A1009T 1.09 Ͻ1 deltaI507 Ͻ1 3.45 1.30 S549N Ͻ1 3.45 1.95 G567A Ͻ1 Ͻ1 I148T 2.07 1.08 I506T 1.38 Ͻ1 N1303K 2.76 1.08 935delA 1.38 1.30 2183AAϾG 1.38 Ͻ1 3199del6 1.38 Ͻ1 3849 ϩ 10kbCϾT Ͻ1 1.30 ACMG/ACOG italicized. Login to comment

PMID: 15681482 [PubMed] Chou LS et al: "Complete gene scanning by temperature gradient capillary electrophoresis using the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene as a model."

No. Sentence Comment

75 Mutation Samples with Known Genotypes Scanned by TGCE* Exon Mutation† Amplicon size (bp) Location of mutation from 5Ј end (bp) Base change Detection‡ 3 G85E 234 124 G to A 1/1 3 394delTT 234 132 del TT 1/1 4 R117H 270 83 G to T 2/2 4 I148T 270 176 T to C 3/3 Intron 4 621 ϩ 1 G/T 270 233 G to T 1/1 5 663delT/663delT 186 75 del T 0/1 Intron 5 711 ϩ 1 G/T 186 124 G to T 1/1 7 R334W 345 208 C to T 1/1 7 R347P 345 248 G to C 1/1 9 A455E 263 155 C to A 2/2 10 I506V 292 168 A to G 1/1 10 ⌬I507 292 171 del ATC 2/2 10 ⌬F508 292 174 del TTT 2/2 10 ⌬F508/⌬F508 292 174 del TTT 0/1 10 F508C 292 175 T to G 1/1 10 V520F 292 210 G to T 1/1 Intron 10 1717-1 G/A 175 50 G to A 1/1 11 G542X 175 90 G to T 2/2 11 G542X/G542X 175 90 G to T 0/1 11 G551D 175 118 G to A 3/3 11 R553X 175 123 C to T 3/3 11 R560T 175 145 G to C 2/2 13 2184delA 834 356 del A 1/1 Intron 14b 2789 ϩ 5G/A 192 102 G to A 1/1 Intron 16 3120 ϩ 1G/A 216 111 G to A 1/1 19 R1162X 322 68 C to T 1/1 19 3659delC 322 111 del C 1/1 20 W1282X 206 154 G to A 1/1 21 N1303K 250 175 C to G 2/2 Total exon/intron Overall accuracy 17 93% *Samples were compared with their respective wild-type control (confirmed by sequencing). Login to comment

PMID: 16156102 [PubMed] Dunbar SA et al: "Rapid screening for 31 mutations and polymorphisms in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene by Lminex xMAP suspension array."

No. Sentence Comment

25 A 635-nm 10-mW red diode laser excites the two fluo- 148 Dunbar and Jacobson xMAP™ 149 Table 1 Recommended Core Mutation Panel for General Population Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Carrier Screening Standard mutation panel ΔF508 ΔI507 G542X G551D W1282X N1303K R553X 621+1G→T R117H 1717-1G→A A455E R560T R1162X G85E R334W R347P 711+1G→T 1898+1G→A 2184delA 1078delT 3849+10kbC→T 2789+5G→A 3659delC 1148T 3120+1G→A Reflex tests I506Va I507Va F508Ca 5T/7T/9Tb a Benign variants. Login to comment
94 Methods The methods described below include: (1) design of oligonucleotide capture probes, (2) design of PCR amplification primers and multiplexed PCR reactions, (3) preparation of the probe-conjugated microsphere sets, (4) verification 150 Dunbar and Jacobson xMAPTM Table 2 Oligonucleotide Capture Probesa Target Microsphere Probe sequence Modificationb Sequence 5' → 3' set Standard mutation panel 1c I507 & F508 5'-AmMC12 AACACCAAAGATGATATTTT 006 2B DI507 5'-AmMC12 ACACCAAAGATATTTTCTT 008 3B DF508 5'-AmMC12 AAACACCAATGATATTTTC 015 4B W1282 5'-AmMC12 CAACAGTGGAGGAAAGCC 012 5B W1282X 5'-AmMC12 CAACAGTGAAGGAAAGCC 020 6 1717-1G 5'-AmMC12 TTGGTAATAGGACATCTCCA 017 7 1717-1GÆA 5'-AmMC12 TTGGTAATAAGACATCTCCA 019 8B G542 5'-AmMC12 TATAGTTCTTGGAGAAGGTGGA 026 9B G542X 5'-AmMC12 TATAGTTCTTTGAGAAGGTGGA 028 10C G551 & R553 5'-AmMC12 AGTGGAGGTCAACGAGCAA 038 11B G551D 5'-AmMC12 GTGGAGATCAACGAGCAA 030 12C R553X 5'-AmMC12 GTGGAGGTCAATGAGCAA 032 13 R560 5'-AmMC12 CTTTAGCAAGGTGAATAACT 035 14 R560T 5'-AmMC12 CTTTAGCAACGTGAATAACT 039 15 R117 5'-AmMC12 AGGAGGAACGCTCTATCGCG 042 16 R117H 5'-AmMC12 AGGAGGAACACTCTATCGCG 025 17B I148 5'-AmMC12 CTTCATCACATTGGAATGCAGA 034 18B I148T 5'-AmMC12 CTTCATCACACTGGAATGCAGA 045 19C 621+1G 5'-AmMC12 TTTATAAGAAGGTAATACTTCCT 046 20E 621+1G→T 5'-AmMC12 ATTTATAAGAAGTTAATACTTCCTT 048 21 N1303 5'-AmMC12 GGGATCCAAGTTTTTTCTAA 051 22 N1303K 5'-AmMC12 GGGATCCAACTTTTTTCTAA 052 23B 1078T 5'-AmMC12 CACCACAAAGAACCCTGA 054 24C 1078delT 5'-AmMC12 ACACCACAAGAACCCTGA 061 25 R334 5'-AmMC12 ATATTTTCCGGAGGATGATT 063 26 R334W 5'-AmMC12 ATATTTTCCAGAGGATGATT 064 27B R347 5'-AmMC12 ACCGCCATGCGCAGAACAA 067 28B R347P 5'-AmMC12 ACCGCCATGGGCAGAACAA 053 29C 711+1G 5'-AmMC12 ATTTGATGAAGTATGTACCTAT 059 30C 711+1G→T 5'-AmMC12 ATTTGATGAATTATGTACCTAT 071 31 G85 5'-AmMC12 TGTTCTATGGAATCTTTTTA 066 32B G85E 5'-AmMC12 ATGTTCTATGAAATCTTTTTA 073 33 3849+10kbC 5'-AmMC12 GTCTTACTCGCCATTTTAAT 077 34 3849+10kbC→T 5'-AmMC12 GTCTTACTCACCATTTTAAT 075 35 A455 5'-AmMC12 CCAGCAACCGCCAACAACTG 011 36D A455E 5'-AmMC12 TCCAGCAACCTCCAACAACTG 036 37 R1162 5'-AmMC12 TAAAGACTCGGCTCACAGAT 060 38 R1162X 5'-AmMC12 TAAAGACTCAGCTCACAGAT 068 39B 3659C 5'-AmMC12 TTGACTTGGTAGGTTTAC 022 40C 3659delC 5'-AmMC12 TTGACTTGTAGGTTTACC 079 41B 2789+5G 5'-AmMC12 TGGAAAGTGAGTATTCCATGTC 074 42D 2789+5G→A 5'-AmMC12 TTGGAAAGTGAATATTCCATGTC 014 43E 2184A 5'-AmMC12 GAAACAAAAAAACAATC 007 44E 2184delA 5'-AmMC12 AGAAACAAAAAACAATC 018 45B 1898+1G 5'-AmMC12 TATTTGAAAGGTATGTTCTTTG 013 (Continued) of microsphere coupling, (5) direct hybridization of biotinylated PCR amplification products to the multiplexed probe-coupled microsphere sets, and (6) results and data analysis. Login to comment
106 Table 3 Reverse Complementary Oligonucleotide Targetsa Target Target sequence Modification Sequence 5' → 3' Standard mutation panel C1b I507 & F508 5'-Biotin AAAATATCATCTTTGGTGTT C2 ΔI507 5'-Biotin AAAGAAAATATCTTTGGTGT C3 ΔF508 5'-Biotin AGAAAATATCATTGGTGTTT C4 W1282 5'-Biotin GGCTTTCCTCCACTGTTGC C5 W1282X 5'-Biotin GGCTTTCCTTCACTGTTGC C6 1717-1G 5'-Biotin TGGAGATGTCCTATTACCAA C7 1717-1G→A 5'-Biotin TGGAGATGTCTTATTACCAA C8 G542 5'-Biotin CCACCTTCTCCAAGAACTAT C9 G542X 5'-Biotin CCACCTTCTCAAAGAACTAT C10 G551 & R553 5'-Biotin CTTGCTCGTTGACCTCCACT C11 G551D 5'-Biotin CTTGCTCGTTGATCTCCACT C12 R553X 5'-Biotin CTTGCTCATTGACCTCCACT C13 R560 5'-Biotin AGTTATTCACCTTGATAAAG C14 R560T 5'-Biotin AGTTATTCACGTTGCTAAAG C15 R117 5'-Biotin CGCGATAGAGCGTTCCTCCT C16 R117H 5'-Biotin CGCGATAGAGTGTTCCTCCT C17 I148 5'-Biotin CTGCATTCCAATGTGATGAA C18 I148T 5'-Biotin CTGCATTCCAGTGTGATGAA C19 621+1G 5'-Biotin GGAAGTATTACCTTCTTATA C20 621+1G→T 5'-Biotin GGAAGTATTAACTTCTTATA C21 N1303 5'-Biotin TTAGAAAAAACTTGGATCCC C22 N1303K 5'-Biotin TTAGAAAAAAGTTGGATCCC C23 1078T 5'-Biotin CTCAGGGTTCTTTGTGGTGT C24 1078delT 5'-Biotin TCTCAGGGTTCTTGTGGTGT C25 R334 5'-Biotin AATCATCCTCCGGAAAATAT C26 R334W 5'-Biotin AATCATCCTCTGGAAAATAT C27 R347 5'-Biotin ATTGTTCTGCGCATGGCGGT C28 R347P 5'-Biotin ATTGTTCTGCCCATGGCGGT C29 711+1G 5'-Biotin TAGGTACATACTTCATCAAA C30 711+1G→T 5'-Biotin TAGGTACATAATTCATCAAA C31 G85 5'-Biotin TAAAAAGATTCCATAGAACA C32 G85E 5'-Biotin TAAAAAGATTTCATAGAACA C33 3849+10kbC 5'-Biotin ATTAAAATGGCGAGTAAGAC C34 3849+10kbC→T 5'-Biotin ATTAAAATGGTGAGTAAGAC C35 A455 5'-Biotin CAGTTGTTGGCGGTTGCTGG C36 A455E 5'-Biotin CAGTTGTTGGAGGTTGCTGG C37 R1162 5'-Biotin ATCTGTGAGCCGAGTCTTTA C38 R1162X 5'-Biotin ATCTGTGAGCTGAGTCTTTA (Continued) Rapid CF Screening by xMAPTM 153 Table 3 (Continued) Target Target sequence Modification Sequence 5' → 3' C39 3659C 5'-Biotin GGTAAACCTACCAAGTCAAC C40 3659delC 5'-Biotin AGGTAAACCTACAAGTCAAC C41 2789+5G 5'-Biotin ACATGGAATACTCACTTTCC C42 2789+5G→A 5'-Biotin ACATGGAATATTCACTTTCC C43 2184A 5'-Biotin AAGATTGTTTTTTTGTTTCT C44 2184delA 5'-Biotin AAGATTGTTTTTTGTTTCTG C45 1898+1G 5'-Biotin AAAGAACATACCTTTCAAAT C46 1898+1G→A 5'-Biotin AAAGAACATATCTTTCAAAT C47 3120+1G 5'-Biotin TTTTTACATACCTGGATGAA C48 3120+1G→A 5'-Biotin TTTTTACATATCTGGATGAA Reflex panel CR2 I506V 5'-Biotin GAAAATGTCATCTTTGGTGT CR3 I507V 5'-Biotin GAAAATATCGTCTTTGGTGT CR4 F508C 5'-Biotin AAAATATCATCTGTGGTGTT CR5 5T 5'-Biotin TCCCTGTTAAAAACACACAC CR6 7T 5'-Biotin CCCTGTTAAAAAAACACACA CR7 9T 5'-Biotin CCTGTTAAAAAAAAACACAC a The position and sequence of the mutation or variation is indicated in bold type. b Target C1 (I507 & F508) is also used in the reflex panel. Login to comment
114 Using a small target DNA (approx 100-300 bp) minimizes the potential for steric hindrance to affect the xMAPTM Table 4 PCR Amplification Primers Size CFTR target Mutation(s) Primer 5' Modification Sequence 5' → 3' (bp) Exon 10 ΔI507, ΔF508, BE10U 5'-Biotin TTCTGTTCTCAGTTTTCCTGG 107 I506V, I507V, E10D None TTGGCATGCTTTGATGACG F508C Exon 20 W1282X E20U None TTGAGACTACTGAACACTGAAGG 126 BE20D 5'-Biotin TTCTGGCTAAGTCCTTTTGC Intron 10 1717-1G→A E11U None TCAGATTGAGCATACTAAAAGTGAC 89 BE11D2 5'-Biotin GAACTATATTGTCTTTCTCTGCAAAC Exon 11 G542X, G551D, E11U2 None AAGTTTGCAGAGAAAGACAATATAG 135 R553X, R560T BE11D 5'-Biotin GAATGACATTTACAGCAAATGC Exon 4 R117H E4U None TTTGTAGGAAGTCACCAAAGC 145 BE4D2 5'-Biotin GAGCAGTGTCCTCACAATAAAGAG Exon 4/intron 4 I148T, E4U2 None CTTCTCTTTATTGTGAGGACACTGC 169 621+1G→T BE4D 5'-Biotin ATGACATTAAAACATGTACGATACAG Exon 21 N1303K BE21U 5'-Biotin TGCTATAGAAAGTATTTATTTTTTCTGG 106 E21D None AGCCTTACCTCATCTGCAAC Exon 7 1078delT, BE7U 5'-Biotin GAACAGAACTGAAACTGACTCG 199 R334W, R347P E7D3 None CAGGGAAATTGCCGAGTG Intron 5 711+1G→T I5U None CAACTTGTTAGTCTCCTTTCC 99 BI5D2 5'-Biotin AGTTGTATAATTTATAACAATAGTGC Exon 3 G85E E3U None CTGGCTTCAAAGAAAAATCC 117 BE3D2 5'-Biotin TGAATGTACAAATGAGATCCTTACC Chromosome 7 3849+10kbC→T BC7U 5'-Biotin GACTTGTCATCTTGATTTCTGG 148 C7D None TTTGGTGCTAGCTGTAATTGC Exon 9 A455E BE9U 5'-Biotin TCACTTCTTGGTACTCCTGTCC 105 E9D None CAAAAGAACTACCTTGCCTGC Exon 19-I R1162X BE19U 5'-Biotin ATTGTGAAATTGTCTGCCATTC 167 E19Da None CAATAATCATAACTTTCGAGAGTTG Exon 19-II 3659delC BE19U2 5'-Biotin TTTAAGTTCATTGACATGCCAAC 91 E19Da None CAATAATCATAACTTTCGAGAGTTG Intron 14B 2789+5G→A I14BU None GTGTCTTGTTCCATTCCAGG 147 BI14BD 5'-Biotin TGGATTACAATACATACAAACATAGTGG Exon 13 2184delA E13U None AGATGCTCCTGTCTCCTGG 126 BE13D 5'-Biotin TGCACAATGGAAAATTTTCGTATAG Intron 12 1898+1G→A I12U None TTAGACTCTCCTTTTGGATACC 110 BI12D 5'-Biotin GTCTTTCTTTTATTTTAGCATGAGC Intron 16 3120+1G→A I16U None ATGACCTTCTGCCTCTTACC 118 BI16D 5'-Biotin ATGAAAACAAAATCACATTTGC Intron 8 5T/7T/9T I8U None TAATGGATCATGGGCCATGTGC 212 BI8D 5'-Biotin ACTGAAGAAGAGGCTGTCATCACC CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene. Login to comment
118 Table 5 Genomic DNA Samples CFTR genotype Sourcea Normal/normal Sigma, D6537 ΔF508/normal Patient sample ΔF508/ΔF508 Coriell Cell Repositories, NA04540 ΔI507/normal Coriell Cell Repositories, NA11277 W1282/normal Coriell Cell Repositories, NA11723 1717-1G→A/normal Coriell Cell Repositories, NA12444 G542X/G542X Coriell Cell Repositories, NA11496B G542X/normal Coriell Cell Repositories, NA11497B ΔF508/G551D Coriell Cell Repositories, NA11274 ΔF508/R553X Coriell Cell Repositories, NA07469 G551D/R553X Coriell Cell Repositories, NA11761 ΔF508/R560T Coriell Cell Repositories, NA11284 ΔF508/R117H Coriell Cell Repositories, NA13591 I148T/normal Patient sample ΔF508/621+1G→T Coriell Cell Repositories, NA11281 N1303K/G1349D Coriell Cell Repositories, NA11472A ΔF508/1078delT Patient sample R334W/? Login to comment
276 At higher concentrations of M2, the hybridization efficiency of the exon 11 target was decreased, with a concomitant drop in reporter signal on the G542X-, G551D-, and R553X-specific microsphere sets. Login to comment

PMID: 15698946 [PubMed] des Georges M et al: "High heterogeneity of CFTR mutations and unexpected low incidence of cystic fibrosis in the Mediterranean France."

No. Sentence Comment

38 The 20 most common mutations responsible for CF worldwide were investigated by amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) and migration on agarose gel (Kit Elucigene CF20, including mutations c.1717-1GNA, p.G542X, p.W1282X, p.N1303K, p.F508del, c.3849+10kbCNT, c.621+1GNT, p.R553X, p.G551D, p.R117H, p.R1162X, p.R334W, p.A455E, c.2183AANG, c.3659delC, c.1078delT, p.I507del, p.R347P, p.S1251N, p.E60X). Login to comment
68 of chromosomes (frequency %) p.M1V 1 1 (0.23) p.M1K 1 1 (0.23) c.300delA 3 1 (0.23) p.P67L 3 1 (0.23) c.359insT 3 1 (0.23) p.G85E 3 3 (0.70) c.394delTT 3 1 (0.23) p.Q98R 4 1 (0.23) p.R117H 4 2 (0.47) p.Y122X 4 2 (0.47) p.Y161N 4 1 (0.23) c.621+1GNT intron 4 1 (0.23) c.621+2TNG intron 4 1 (0.23) p.I175V 5 2 (0.47) c.711+1GNT intron 5 5 (1.16) p.L206W 6 3 (0.70) p.Q220X 6 1 (0.23) p.L227R 6 1 (0.23) c.1078delT 7 2 (0.47) p.R334W 7 7 (1.63) p.R347P 7 2 (0.47) c.1215delG 7 1 (0.23) c.T5 intron 8 1 (0.23) p.D443Y 9 1 (0.23) p.I506T 10 1 (0.23) p.I507del 10 4 (0.93) p.F508del 10 259 (60.23) p.F508C 10 1 (0.23) c.1677delTA 10 1 (0.23) c.1717-8GNA intron 10 1 (0.23) c.1717-1GNA intron 10 6 (1.40) p.G542X 11 23 (5.35) p.S549R 11 1 (0.23) p.G551D 11 2 (0.47) p.R553X 11 1 (0.23) c1811+1.6kbANG intron 11 4 (0.93) c.1812-1GNA intron 11 1 (0.23) p.T582I 12 1 (0.23) p.E585X 12 2 (0,47) c.1898+1GNA intron 12 1 (0.23) [c.1898+5GNA ;p.E725K] intron 12 1 (0.23) c.1898+73TNG intron 12 1 (0.23) c.2183AANG 13 4 (0.93) c.2184insA 13 1 (0.23) p.K710X 13 4 (0.93) c.2423delG 13 1 (0.23) p.S776X 13 1 (0.23) c.2493ins8 13 1 (0.23) p.R792X 13 1 (0.23) p.K830X 13 1 (0.23) p.D836Y 14a 1 (0.23) p.W846X1 14a 1 (0.23) c.2711delT 14a 1 (0.23) c.2789+5GNA intron 14b 3 (0.70) p.S945L 15 3 (0.70) p.D993Y 16 1 (0.23) c.3129del4 17a 1 (0.23) c.3195del6 17a 1 (0.23) c.3272-26ANG intron 17a 1 (0.23) [c.3395insA ;pI148T] 17b/4 1 (0,23) p.Y1092X 17b 3 (0.70) Table 1 (continued) Mutation Location exon/intron No. Login to comment
108 M. des Georges et al. / Journal of Cystic Fibrosis 3 (2004) 265-272 269 other French regions, such as c.394delTT and p.R553X in Northern France, c.1078delT, p.G551D and p.W846X in Brittany, or c3905insT in Eastern France [4] were found at very low rates in South. Login to comment
131 The panel of 30 mutations (c.1717-1GNA, p.G542X, p.W1282X, p.N1303K, p.F508del, c.3849+10kbCNT, c.621+1GNT, p.R553X, p.G551D, p.R117H, p.R1162X, p.R334W, p.A455E, c.2183AANG, c.3659delC, c.1078delT, p.I507del, p.R347P, p.S1251N, p.E60X, p.Y1092X, c.394delTT, c.1811+1.6kbANG, c.3272-26ANG, c.2789+5GNA, c.3120+1GNA, c.711+ 1GNT, p.G85E, p.Y122X, p.W846X) should account for 83.32% of the CF alleles in L-R and 84.25% in the whole country. Login to comment

PMID: 15507674 [PubMed] Hadd AG et al: "Microsphere bead arrays and sequence validation of 5/7/9T genotypes for multiplex screening of cystic fibrosis polymorphisms."

No. Sentence Comment

197 Intron 8 Genotype by Coriell Number, Characterized CF Mutation and Allele Fraction for 5/7/9T Intron 8 genotype Coriell sample Characterized mutation Allele fraction by probe 5T 7T 9T 7T/7T NA09947 Normal 0.04 0.93 0.03 NA11277 ⌬I507/normal 0.06 0.90 0.04 NA11761 G551D/R553X 0.06 0.92 0.02 NA11859 2789ϩ5GϾA/2789ϩ5GϾA 0.02 0.96 0.02 NA11860 3849ϩ10kbCϾT/3849ϩ10kbCϾT 0.03 0.94 0.03 NA12444 1717-1GϾT/normal 0.06 0.87 0.07 NA12585 R1162X/normal 0.07 0.86 0.08 NA12785 R347P/G551D 0.04 0.92 0.05 NA12960 R334W/normal 0.06 0.92 0.02 NA12961 V520F/normal 0.06 0.89 0.05 NA13033 F508C/normal 0.03 0.93 0.04 9T/9T NA01531 ⌬F508/⌬F508 0.14 0.04 0.82 NA11281 621ϩ1GϾT/⌬F508 0.14 0.04 0.82 NA11283 A455E/⌬F508 0.13 0.05 0.82 NA11290 A455E/621ϩ1GϾT 0.12 0.01 0.87 NA11496 G542X/G542X 0.14 0.05 0.81 5T/7T NA11723 W1282X/normal 0.53 0.44 0.03 NA13032 I506V/normal 0.58 0.39 0.03 5T/9T NA11279 129GϾC/⌬F508 0.51 0.00 0.49 NA13591 R117H/⌬F508 0.52 0.00 0.48 7T/9T NA07441 3120ϩ1GϾA/621ϩ1GϾA 0.08 0.41 0.51 NA07552 R553X/⌬F508 0.09 0.36 0.55 NA07830 556dA/⌬F508 0.11 0.37 0.52 NA11275 3659dC/⌬F508 0.10 0.37 0.53 NA11278 Q493X/⌬F508 0.09 0.38 0.53 NA11280 711ϩ1GϾT/621ϩ1GϾA 0.09 0.37 0.54 NA11282 G85E/621ϩ1GϾA 0.07 0.39 0.53 NA11284 R560T/⌬F508 0.08 0.39 0.52 NA11472 N1303K/G1349D 0.08 0.39 0.54 Figure 3. Login to comment

PMID: 15482777 [PubMed] Wong LJ et al: "The necessity of complete CFTR mutational analysis of an infertile couple before in vitro fertilization."

No. Sentence Comment

5 Result(s): The child with classic CF had ⌬F508 and R553X mutations. Login to comment
7 The father carried two mutations, R553X and R117C. Login to comment
48 The results of molecular analysis revealed that the mother was heterozygous for ⌬F508 and the father was heterozygous for R553X. Login to comment
53 DNA analysis of patient 1 revealed a compound heterozygote of ⌬F508/R553X, confirming the diagnosis of CF. Login to comment
69 Triplet 1 2 3 Age at diagnosis At birth 2 month 3 year Genotype ⌬F508/R553X ⌬F508/R117C ⌬F508/R117C Sex M M F Sweat chloride (mEq/L) 98 48 67 Pancreatic function PI PS PS Enzyme supplement Pancreacarb MS8 None None Microbial colonization n/a n/a n/a Height/weight (at 3,4,4 years of age) 92.7 cm (Ͻ5%) 97 cm (5%) 98 cm (25%) 12.7 kg (Ͻ5%) 13.4 kg (10%) 13.8 kg (10%) Complications Biliary atresia Developmental delay DIOS Allergic rhinitis Hearing loss RAD Hypospadia Allergic rhinitis UAVD Allergic rhinitis Meconium ileus Yes No No Note: PI ϭ pancreatic insufficiency as determined by the patient`s dependence on pancreatic enzyme supplements; PS ϭ pancreatic sufficiency; UAVD ϭ unilateral absence of vas deferens; DIOS ϭ distal intestinal obstruction syndrome; RAD ϭ reactive airways disease; n/a ϭ not available. Login to comment
76 Subsequent genotyping of the family members revealed a compound heterozygote of ⌬F508/R117C in patient 2, and a compound heterozygote of R553X/R117C in the father. Login to comment
78 DISCUSSION The truncation mutation R553X in exon 11, which results in the loss of part of the first ATP binding site, the regulatory R domain, the second transmembrane spanning region, and the second ATP binding site, in combination with ⌬F508 on the other allele in patient 1, is consistent with a classic CF phenotype (9). Login to comment

PMID: 15480987 [PubMed] Hirtz S et al: "CFTR Cl- channel function in native human colon correlates with the genotype and phenotype in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

78 Relationship Between the CFTR Genotype and Cl- Channel Function in Native Rectal Epithelia CFTR genotype Number of individuals Sweat Cl-concentration (mmol/L)a cAMP-mediated response Carbachol-induced plateau response or maximal lumen-negative response Isc-cAMP (␮A/cm2) Cl- secretion (% of control) Isc-carbachol (␮A/cm2) Cl- secretion (% of control) Cl- secretion absent R1162X/Q552X 1 71 17.1 0 0.7 0 W1282X/3121-2AϾG 1 112 1.9 0 0.6 0 1898 ϩ 1G Ͼ T/1609delCA 2b 114, 118 25.4, 13.4 0, 0 0, 0.7 0, 0 ⌬F508/Q39X 2b 127, 129 2.6, 4.4 0, 0 1.7, 3.7 0, 0 ⌬F508/G542X 1 102 29.0 0 6.6 0 ⌬F508/R553X 3 112, 102, 109 13.1, 4.5, 23.8 0, 0, 0 1.5, 4.4, 1.0 0, 0, 0 ⌬F508/E585X 1 115 1.4 0 1.1 0 ⌬F508/Q637X 1 100 2.9 0 1.2 0 ⌬F508/Y1092X 1 119 0.0 0 -0.3 0 ⌬F508/120del23c 1 72 20.1 0 3.3 0 ⌬F508/182delT 1 116 10.8 0 5.2 0 ⌬F508/3905insT 2 88, 96 8.4, 5.6 0, 0 2.3, -1.1 0, 1 ⌬F508/V520F 1 68 1.2 0 1.7 0 ⌬F508/A561E 3 113, 146, 100 17.0, 17.0, 16.0 0, 0, 0 2.1, 1.5, 3.7 0, 0, 0 ⌬F508/R1066C 1 138 0.0 0 0.0 0 ⌬F508/N1303K 3 100, 117, 94 1.7, 4.1, 1.5 0, 0, 0 -0.6, 2.2, 0.8 0, 0, 0 A561E/A561E 2 101, 116 6.6, 2.0 0, 0 7.3, 3.3 0, 0 Residual Cl- secretiond G542X/I148N 1 75 -50.1 54 -22.2 12 1898 ϩ 3A Ͼ G/1898 ϩ 3A Ͼ G 1 82 -36.8 39 -12.9 7 ⌬F508/3272-26A Ͼ G 1 116 -17.8 19 -27.2 14 ⌬F508/S108F 1 118 -15.8 17 -12.3 7 ⌬F508/R117H 1 90 -35.9 38 -207.7 109 ⌬F508/Y161Cc 1 44 -35.1 37 -45.9 25 ⌬F508/P205S 1 80 -23.3 25 -10.4 5 ⌬F508/V232D 1 120 -16.9 18 -26.9 14 ⌬F508/R334W 1 92 -22.1 23 -21.1 11 ⌬F508/R334W 1 101 -24.5 26 -37.4 20 ⌬F508/T338I 1 73 -44.4 47 -79.4 42 ⌬F508/G576A 1 40 -16.9 18 -115.5 61 ⌬F508/I1234V 1 113 -13.6 15 -8.6 5 G576A/G85E 1 95 -26.1 28 -61.6 32 F1052V/M1137R 1 47 -36.7 39 -146.6 77 M1101K/M1101K 1 94 -11.1 12 -4.8 3 S1159F/S1159F 1 67 -47.9 51 -38.7 21 N1303K/R334W 1 91 -30.3 32 -47.7 25 NOTE. CFTR Cl- channel function was determined in rectal epithelia from Cl- secretory responses induced by IBMX/forskolin (Isc-cAMP) and after co-activation with carbachol (Isc-carbachol). Login to comment
101 Functional Classification and Protein Location of CFTR Mutations Mutation type Severe mutations (protein location) Mild mutations (protein location) Missense V520F, A561E (NBD1) G85E (MSD1, TM1) R1066C (MSD2, CL4) S108F, R117H (MSD1, EL1) N1303K (NBD2) I148N, Y161Ca (MSD1, CL1) P205S (MSD1, TM3) V232D (MSD1, TM4) R334W, T338I (MSD1, TM6) G576A (NBD1) I1234V (NBD2) F1052V, M1101K (MSD2, CL4) M1137R (MSD2, TM12) S1159F (pre-NBD2) Splice 1898 ϩ 1G Ͼ T (R domain) 1898 ϩ 3A Ͼ G (R domain) 3121-2A Ͼ G (MSD2, TM9) 3272-26A Ͼ G (MSD2, TM10) Single amino acid deletion ⌬F508 (NBD1) Nonsense Q39X (N-terminus) G542X, Q552X, R553X, E585X (NBD1) Q637X (R domain) Y1092X (MSD2, CL4) R1162X (pre-NBD2) W1282X (NBD2) Frameshift 120del23a 182delT (N-terminus) 1609delCA (NBD1) 3905insT (NBD2) NOTE. Severe mutation, Cl- secretion absent; mild mutation, residual cAMP-mediated Cl- secretion. Login to comment

PMID: 15463923 [PubMed] Mendes F et al: "Immunohistochemistry of CFTR in native tissues and primary epithelial cell cultures."

No. Sentence Comment

90 Furthermore, tissues from CF patients carrying two nonsense mutations, e.g., R553X, G542X, and W1282X, can represent the golden-standard negative control, as no full-length CFTR protein is produced in these cells. Login to comment
91 Furthermore, tissues from CF patients carrying two nonsense mutations, e.g., R553X, G542X, and W1282X, can represent the golden-standard negative control, as no full-length CFTR protein is produced in these cells. Login to comment

PMID: 15181620 [PubMed] Maisonneuve P et al: "Pancreatitis in hispanic patients with cystic fibrosis carrying the R334W mutation."

No. Sentence Comment

26 Of Ͼ1000 identified mutations in the CFTR gene, only 25 proven disease-causing mutant alleles (⌬F508, G551D, G542X, R553X, W1282X, R347P, NI303K, R560T, ⌬I507, 1717-1GϾA, A455E, 3120ϩ1GϾA, 621ϩ1GϾT, R117H, 711ϩ1GϾT, R1162X, 3849ϩ10kbCϾT, 2789ϩ5GϾT, R334W, G85E, 1078delT, 1898ϩ1GϾT, 2184delA, 3659delC, and I148T) are recommended by the American College of Medical Genetics for routine diagnostic and carrier testing.16 Most of these are routinely recorded in the CFF registry, but rarer mutations can be recorded if identified by more comprehensive testing. Login to comment
28 Patients were classified according to their genotype: those carrying 2 severe mutations (⌬F508, ⌬I507, G542X, G551D, N1303K, R553X, R560T, R1162X, W1282X, 621ϩ1GϾT, 711ϩ1GϾT, 1717-1GϾA, 2184delA, and 3659delC), which generally are associated with pancreas insufficiency (PI); and those carrying at least 1 mild mutation (3849ϩ10kbCϾT, R117H, 2789ϩ5GϾA, R347P, R334W, and A455E), which are generally associated with PS. Login to comment
67 aPatients with pancreas insufficiency (PI) carrying 2 PI mutations (⌬F508, ⌬I507, G542X, G551D, N1303K, R553X, R560T, R1162X, W1282X, 621ϩ1GϾT, 711ϩ1GϾT, 1717-1GϾA, 2184delA, 3659delC). Login to comment
73 Genotype Distribution of Patients With CF in Puerto Rico and Other States According to Ethnicity Genotypea Hispanics Non-Hispanics Puerto Rico United States United States ⌬F508/any 25 (66) 796 (83) 15,561 (92) R334W/any 13 (34) 25 (3) 41 (0.2) ⌬I507/any 4 (11) 78 (8) 436 (3) G542X/any 2 (5) 88 (9) 754 (4) R553X/any 1 (3) 15 (2) 324 (2) N1303K/any 1 (3) 28 (3) 424 (3) 621ϩ1GϾT/any 1 (3) 9 (1) 314 (2) Not identified/any 18 (47) 269 (28) 3137 (19) NOTE. Values expressed as number (percent). Login to comment
85 Characteristics of 15 Patients With CF Carrying an R334W Mutation Who Developed Pancreatitis Genotype Sex Race Ethnicity Age at CF (yr) CF diagnosis Age (yr)a R334W/⌬F508 Female White Non-Hispanic 4 Respiratory symptoms 38 R334W/⌬F508 Male White Non-Hispanic 23 Respiratory symptoms, nasal polyps 51 R334W/⌬F508 Female White Non-Hispanic 7 Respiratory symptoms 28 R334W/⌬F508 Female White Non-Hispanic 16 Electrolyte imbalance, respiratory symptoms 34 R334W/⌬F508 Male White Hispanic 13 Respiratory symptoms, electrolyte imbalance, failure to thrive Dead 18 R334W/⌬I507 Female White Hispanic 29 Respiratory symptoms, steatorrhea 31 R334W/G542X Female White Hispanic 7 Respiratory symptoms 10 R334W/R553X Female White Hispanic 10 Respiratory symptoms 21 R334W/G85E Female White Hispanic 0 Respiratory symptoms 8 R334W/G85E Female White Hispanic 4 Failure to thrive 10 R334W/R334W Male White Hispanic 4 Meconium ileus 10 R334W/R334W Female White Hispanic 0 Respiratory symptoms 41 R334W/? Login to comment

PMID: 12584532 [PubMed] Solomon MP et al: "Glucose intolerance in children with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

118 of patients with IGT 2 10 2 0 0 1/1 16 No of patients with CFRD without FH 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 *Genotype class based on mutation with ∆F508: Class I, 621+1G→T, G542X, 441delA, R553X, W1282X, 3120+1G→A, 4016insT, 1154insTC, I1027T; Class II, ∆F508; Class III, G551D, G85E, S549N, L1077P, H199R; Class IV, Class V, 3849+10kbC→T, 5T; Unknown, G85E/-, ∆F508/-; Other, G551D/R506T, W1282X/W1282X. Login to comment

PMID: 12458151 [PubMed] Powell K et al: "Therapeutic approaches to repair defects in deltaF508 CFTR folding and cellular targeting."

No. Sentence Comment

88 These authors [34] immunoprecipitated G542X, R553X, 621 1 1 G → T, 1717-1 G → A, the immature bands A and B of mutant DF508 CFTR and 3905insT. Login to comment
89 These authors [34] immunoprecipitated G542X, R553X, 621 1 1 G ࢐ T, 1717-1 G ࢐ A, the immature bands A and B of mutant DF508 CFTR and 3905insT. Login to comment

PMID: 12079272 [PubMed] Naruse S et al: "Cystic fibrosis and related diseases of the pancreas."

No. Sentence Comment

29 These include regulations of (1) the outwardly rectifying ClÀ channel, a separate class of ClÀ channel regulated by cAMP-dependent PKA and PKC, (2) the epithelial Na channel, (3) the inwardly rectifying K channel, (4) vesicle tracking, and (5) intracellular compartment acidi®cation and protein processing.8 CFTR GENE MUTATIONS Approximately 70% of the mutations in CF patients in Caucasian populations correspond to a speci®c deletion of three base pairs which results in the loss of a phenylalanine at position 508 (DF508) in the CFTR protein.4 Other mutations are rare and vary considerably among dierent ethnic groups.5 The most common 10 mutations are DF508 (66%), G542X (2.4%), G551D (1.6%), N1303K (1.3%), W1282X (1.2%), R553X (0.7%), 621 1G 4 T (0.7%), 1717-1G 4 A (0.6%), R117H (0.3%) and R1162X (0.3%).9 It is not clear how many dierent CF mutations exist in the CFTR gene. Login to comment
62 is observed only when normal CFTR function is less than 1%.13 In general, patients with pancreatic insuciency are homozygous or compound heterozygous for two severe mutations (class I, II or III in Figure 3), such as DF508, DI507, Q493X, G542X, R553X, W1282X, 621 1G 4 T, 1717-1G 4 A, 556delA, 3659delC, I148T, G480C, V520F, G551D, and R560T, whereas the PS phenotype occurs in patients who have one or two mild CFTR mutations, such as R117H, R334W, R347P, A455E, and P574H (class IV or V).5,20 EXOCRINE PANCREAS IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS Pathology of the pancreas in CF There is a spectrum of pancreatic abnormalities in CF irrespective of age.21,22 Pancreatic lesions may be absent in an individual case, but in long-standing CF the pancreas is small, hard and nodular with increased fat and multiple cysts; hence the name `cystic ®brosis of the pancreas'. Login to comment
27 These include regulations of (1) the outwardly rectifying Cl channel, a separate class of Cl channel regulated by cAMP-dependent PKA and PKC, (2) the epithelial NaW channel, (3) the inwardly rectifying KW channel, (4) vesicle traQcking, and (5) intracellular compartment acidi&#ae;cation and protein processing.8 CFTR GENE MUTATIONS Approximately 70% of the mutations in CF patients in Caucasian populations correspond to a speci&#ae;c deletion of three base pairs which results in the loss of a phenylalanine at position 508 (DF508) in the CFTR protein.4 Other mutations are rare and vary considerably among diPerent ethnic groups.5 The most common 10 mutations are DF508 (66%), G542X (2.4%), G551D (1.6%), N1303K (1.3%), W1282X (1.2%), R553X (0.7%), 621 W 1G 4 T (0.7%), 1717-1G 4 A (0.6%), R117H (0.3%) and R1162X (0.3%).9 It is not clear how many diPerent CF mutations exist in the CFTR gene. Login to comment
64 is observed only when normal CFTR function is less than 1%.13 In general, patients with pancreatic insuQciency are homozygous or compound heterozygous for two severe mutations (class I, II or III in Figure 3), such as DF508, DI507, Q493X, G542X, R553X, W1282X, 621 W 1G 4 T, 1717-1G 4 A, 556delA, 3659delC, I148T, G480C, V520F, G551D, and R560T, whereas the PS phenotype occurs in patients who have one or two mild CFTR mutations, such as R117H, R334W, R347P, A455E, and P574H (class IV or V).5,20 EXOCRINE PANCREAS IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS Pathology of the pancreas in CF There is a spectrum of pancreatic abnormalities in CF irrespective of age.21,22 Pancreatic lesions may be absent in an individual case, but in long-standing CF the pancreas is small, hard and nodular with increased fat and multiple cysts; hence the name `cystic &#ae;brosis of the pancreas'. Login to comment

PMID: 11265322 [PubMed] Cuppens H et al: "Solid phase fluorescent sequencing of the CFTR gene."

No. Sentence Comment

17 Depending on the ethnic origin, five to ten mutations, such as 1717-1G A, G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X, and N1303K, reach rather high frequencies (4). Login to comment

PMID: 10766983 [PubMed] Restrepo CM et al: "CFTR mutations in three Latin American countries."

No. Sentence Comment

34 The isolated DNA from each patient was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a kit for reverse dot blot detection of 16 common CF mutations: ⌬F508, R553X, G542X, G551D, N1303K, W1282X, R117H, R334W, R347P, A455E, ⌬I507, 1717-1 G>A, R560T, 3849+10kb C>T, 621+1 G>T, S549N [Villalobos-Torres et al., 1997]. Login to comment

PMID: 10767489 [PubMed] Kostuch M et al: "Detection of CFTR gene mutations in patients suffering from chronic bronchitis."

No. Sentence Comment

6 Patients were analyzed for the eight most common mutations of the CFTR gene (⌬F508, G542X, N1303K, 1717-1(GoA)), W1282X, G551D, R553X, and ⌬I507 by the reverse-hybridization method. Login to comment
57 These mutations include the following: ⌬F508; G542X; N1303K; 1717-1(GoA); W1282X; G551D; R553X, and ⌬I507. Login to comment
92 Other rare CFTR gene mutations (R553X, G542X, G551D, N1303K, and 621ϩ1G(T)) were excluded in their study. Login to comment
7 Patients were analyzed for the eight most common mutations of the CFTR gene (èc;F508, G542X, N1303K, 1717-1(GoA)), W1282X, G551D, R553X, and èc;I507 by the reverse-hybridization method. Login to comment
91 Other rare CFTR gene mutations (R553X, G542X, G551D, N1303K, and 621af9;1G(T)) were excluded in their study. Login to comment

PMID: 10923036 [PubMed] Claustres M et al: "Spectrum of CFTR mutations in cystic fibrosis and in congenital absence of the vas deferens in France."

No. Sentence Comment

81 Some mutations such as 394delTT (1.61%), R553X (2.15%), or 2789+ 5G>A (2.87%) were more frequent in the North. Login to comment
102 Distribution of 310 CF Mutations in France With Respect to Relative Frequencies (Total Number of CF Chromosomes = 7,420) Group Mutations Number of alleles % Cum. % A F508del 4,985 67.18 G542X 212 2.86 N1303K 156 2.10 73.45 1717-1G>A 97 1.31 B G551D 73 0.98 2789+5G>A 72 0.97 W1282X 68 0.91 R553X 66 0.89 I507del 52 0.70 1078delT 49 0.66 7.47 2183AA>G 48 0.64 711+1G>T 33 0.44 R1162X 33 0.44 Y1092X 30 0.40 3849+10kbC>T 30 0.40 C 12 mutationsa 29 to 15 (239) 0.39-0.20 19 mutationsb 14 to 8 (190) 0.19-0.10 11 mutationsc 7 to 6 (71) 0.09-0.08 11 mutationsd 5 (55) 0.06 10.57 15 mutationse 4 (60) 0.05 23 mutationsf 3 (69) 0.04 50 mutationsg 2 (100) 0.02 D 154 mutationsh 1 (154) 0.01 2.07 6,942 93.56 a 3659delC, R347P, 3272-26A>G, R334W, W846X, 621+1G>T, G85E, R1066C, L206W, 394delTT, 4055+1G>A, R347H. Login to comment
140 Non-F508del Mutations Found as Homozygous in a Sample of 3,710 Patients With Cystic Fibrosis Mutation n 711+1G>T 8 G542X 7 N1303K 7 2183delAA>G 5 W1282X 4 G551D 3 3905insT 3 R334W 2 R347P 2 1078delT 2 1811+1.6kbA>G 2 2113delA 2 Y1092X 2 R1162X 2 306insA 1 E92K 1 G178R 1 L227R 1 1677delTA 1 1717-1G>A 1 1717-8G>A 1 R553X 1 S549R(T>G) 1 R560S 1 V562I 1 Y569D 1 2711delT 1 S945L 1 R1158X 1 I1234V 1 3849+10kbC>T 1 Q1313X 1 del25kb 1 E831X 1 I175V 1 G314V 1 L1077P 1 produce a small quantity of functional protein as a result of a variable proportion of normal CFTR mRNA transcripts in addition to the abnormal ones (class V); 3) they are located in sites known to generate less severe mutants (external loops, residues lining the pore); and/or 4) they have been observed in CF with pancreatic sufficiency, CBAVD, and/or CF-related attenuated phenotypes only. Login to comment
166 Considering the prevalence of some mutations in different regions, the northern part appears subdivided into at least three zones, from West to East: Brittany, colored by a Celtic settlement (G551D); Nord-Pas-de-Calais, settled by Scandinavians (394delTT); and, in the northeast, a Germanic area (R553X). Login to comment

PMID: 10862085 [PubMed] Ellis LA et al: "A comparison of fluorescent SSCP and denaturing HPLC for high throughput mutation scanning."

No. Sentence Comment

97 Comparison of F-SSCP and DHPLC Using a Panel of ABCC7 Mutations Gel condition Location Location 49:1 49:1 49:1 49:1 MDE MDE MDE Capillary DHPLC °C from 5' (bp) from 3' (bp) 15 20 25 35 20 25 35 35 N/A Exon 3 (320bp) E60X 128 192 + + + + + + + + - P67L 150 170 + + + - + + + - + R75X 173 147 + + + + + + + + + R75Q 174 146 + + + - + + + + + G85E 204 116 + + + - + + + + + L88S 213 107 + + + + + + + + + Exon 4 (400bp) 441delA 135 265 + + + + + + + + + D110H 154 246 + + + + + + - + + R117H/H 176 224 + + + + + + + + N/A R117R/H 176 224 + + + + + + + + + L137H 236 164 + + + + + + + + + I148T 261 139 + + + + + + + + + 621+1 (G>T) 309 91 + + + + + + + + + Exon 7 (360bp) R334W 180 180 + + + + + + + - + 1058delC 105 255 + + + + + + + + + 1078delT 125 235 + + + - + + + + + 1138insG 226 134 - + + - + + + + + 1154insTC 202 158 + + + + + + + + + 1161delC 209 151 + + + + + + + + + R347H 220 140 + + + + + + - + + R347P 220 140 + + + - + + + - + A349V 226 134 + + + + + + + + + W356X 248 112 + + + + + + + + + Exon 10 (365bp) M470V 143 222 + + + + + + + + + Q493X 212 153 + + + + + + - + - DelF508 255 110 + + + + + + + + - Del I507 253 112 + + + + + + + + + V520F 293 72 + + - + + - + - + Exon 11 (190bp) 1717-1 (G>A) 54 136 + + + - + + - + + G542X 94 96 + + + - + + - + + S549N 116 74 + + + + + + + + - S549R 117 73 + + + + - - - + + G551D 122 68 + - - - + + + - + R553X 127 63 + + + + + + + + + G551D/R553X + + + + + + + + + R560T 149 41 + + + - - - - - + R560K 149 41 + + + - + + + - + 1811+1 (G>C) 150 40 + + + + + + + + + Exon 12 (250bp) 1898+1(G>A) 167 83 + + + + + + - + + Exon 13a (290bp) C590W 87 203 + + - - + - - + + Exon 13b (405bp) 2184insA 148 257 + + + + + + + - + R709X 220 185 - + - - - - - - + V754M 453 52 + + + + + + + - - Exon 13c (345bp) V754M 65 280 + + + + + + - - + R785X 158 187 + + - - + + - - + Exon 19 (370bp) 3601-17 (T>C) 29 341 - + + - + + + - + R1162X 61 309 + + - - + - - + + 3659delC 105 265 - - - + + + + + + Y1182X 123 247 - + + - + + + - + Exon 20 (370bp) W1282X 186 184 + + + + + + + + + % detected 90 96 86 66 94 88 74 72 90 remainder were detected using DGGE. Login to comment
135 Effect of Amplicon Size on Mutation Detection Rate in ABCC7 Exon 11 SSCP slab gels SSCP 310 DHPLC 49:1, 20°C MDE, 20°C 35°C Exon 11 ABCC7 190bp 490bp 190bp 490bp 190bp 490bp 190bp 490bp 1717-1G>A - - + + + + + + G542X + + + + + - + + S549N + + + + + + - - S549R + + - + + + + - G551D - + + + - - + - R553X + + + + + + + - G551D/R553X + + + + + + + - R560T + - - + - - + + R560K + + + + - - + + 1811+1G>C + + + + + + + + Sensitivity 9/10 8/10 8/10 10/10 7/10 6/10 9/10 5/10 ammonium acetate as an ion-pairing agent has the unintended consequence of modifying the stability of GC and AT base pairs in a similar manner to the effects of tetra-alkyl ammonium salts, tetraethyl ammonium chloride and tetramenthyl ammonium chloride. Login to comment

PMID: 10649490 [PubMed] Girodon-Boulandet E et al: "Screening practices for mutations in the CFTR gene ABCC7."

No. Sentence Comment

63 nate between ∆F508 and ∆I507; and 2) G551D and R553X could not be distinguished when exon 11 was cut with Hinc II (although Mbo I digestion can be used to test for the corresponding restriction site introduced by G551D). Login to comment

PMID: 10477439 [PubMed] Castaldo G et al: "A noval nonsense mutation (Y849X) in the CFTR gene of a CF patient from southern Italy."

No. Sentence Comment

25 Therefore it should be considered a severe disease-causing mutation, although CF patients homozygous for another nonsense mutation (i.e. R553X) have been described showing a mild phenotype (see Castaldo et al., 1996b). Login to comment

PMID: 10228103 [PubMed] Jorissen MB et al: "Genotype-phenotype correlations for the paranasal sinuses in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

120 of Patients in Surgical Group ⌬F508 Genotype Homozygosity 69 61 22 Compound heterozygosity 33 29 5 Negative 11 10 1 Mutations ⌬F508 171 75.7 27 Non-⌬F508 55 24.3 6 R117H (4) C276X (1) 394delT (1) W401X (2,† ) A455E (1) G542X (4,‡ ) G551D (1) R553X (1) G628R(G→C) (1) Y1092X (1) D1152H (1) S1251N (1) W1282X (3) N1303K (8) W1310X (1) 1717-1G→A (3,† ) 1898ϩ1G→C (1) 2183AA-G (3,†† ) 3659delC (2) 3272-26A→G (2,† ) 4218-insT (2) unknown (11,‡ ) * The genotype and mutations are given for the 113 patients with CF. Login to comment
121 of Patients in Surgical Group DF508 Genotype Homozygosity 69 61 22 Compound heterozygosity 33 29 5 Negative 11 10 1 Mutations DF508 171 75.7 27 Non-DF508 55 24.3 6 R117H (4) C276X (1) 394delT (1) W401X (2,ߤ ) A455E (1) G542X (4,ߥ ) G551D (1) R553X (1) G628R(G࢐C) (1) Y1092X (1) D1152H (1) S1251N (1) W1282X (3) N1303K (8) W1310X (1) 1717-1G࢐A (3,ߤ ) 189811G࢐C (1) 2183AA-G (3,ߤߤ ) 3659delC (2) 3272-26A࢐G (2,ߤ ) 4218-insT (2) unknown (11,ߥ ) * The genotype and mutations are given for the 113 patients with CF. Login to comment

PMID: 10232317 [PubMed] Johnson DW et al: "Sunshine, sweating, and main d'accoucheur."

No. Sentence Comment

16 Screening for ten of the common cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR) mutations (⌬F508, G551D, R553X, G542X, N1303K, A455E, 621+1, Delta I507 and R117H), showed a single delta F508 mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 10502783 [PubMed] Paz-y-Mino C et al: "The DeltaF508 mutation in Ecuador, South America."

No. Sentence Comment

17 In the affecteds who did not show any ∆F508 allele, we searched for the presence of the eight most common "European" mutations (∆F508, G542X, N1303K, 1717-1, W1282X, G551D, R553X, ∆1507) with the test INNO-Lipa. Login to comment

PMID: 9949435 [PubMed] Kim ED et al: "Genetic concerns for the subfertile male in the era of ICSI."

No. Sentence Comment

93 Because these previous series had relied only on delta F508 mutations, Scobie et al. (1996) demonstrated the detection of G551D, R553X, G542X, 621+1G>T and delta F508 CFTR gene mutations using a rapid and specific differential amplification system. Login to comment

PMID: 9674722 [PubMed] Schwiebert EM et al: "Cystic fibrosis: a multiple exocrinopathy caused by dysfunctions in a multifunctional transport protein."

No. Sentence Comment

223 They include another deletion mutation at amino acid position 507 (⌬I507), several missense mutations (F508C, G551D, G551S, A455E, R553Q, P574H, S549N, A559T), and some nonsense mutations (G542X, R553X, Q493X). Login to comment

PMID: 9545412 [PubMed] Grody WW et al: "Diversity of cystic fibrosis mutation-screening practices."

No. Sentence Comment

33 Some of the laboratories included written comments that their panels cannot distinguish between mutations DF508 and DI507 (both 3-nucleotide deletions of adjacent codons) or G551D and R553X (two of the more common point mutations), which our ACMG/CAP committee already suspected, based on the results of our earlier CF challenges. Login to comment
34 Some of the laboratories included written comments that their panels cannot distinguish between mutations DF508 and DI507 (both 3-nucleotide deletions of adjacent codons) or G551D and R553X (two of the more common point mutations), which our ACMG/CAP committee already suspected, based on the results of our earlier CF challenges. Login to comment

PMID: 9499426 [PubMed] Mickle JE et al: "A mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene associated with elevated sweat chloride concentrations in the absence of cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

151 Mutation analysis Total genomic DNA was assayed for 16 common CFTR mutations (R117H, 621+1G→T, R334W, R349P, A455E, 1717-1G→A, ∆I507, ∆F508, G542X, S549N, G551D, R553X, R560T, 3849+10 kb C→T, W1282X, N1303K) by reverse dot-blot hybridization (46). Login to comment
152 Mutation analysis Total genomic DNA was assayed for 16 common CFTR mutations (R117H, 621+1G࢐T, R334W, R349P, A455E, 1717-1G࢐A, ࢞I507, ࢞F508, G542X, S549N, G551D, R553X, R560T, 3849+10 kb C࢐T, W1282X, N1303K) by reverse dot-blot hybridization (46). Login to comment

PMID: 9559222 [PubMed] De Braekeleer M et al: "Correlation of sweat chloride concentration with genotypes in cystic fibrosis patients in Saguenay Lac-Saint-Jean, Quebec, Canada."

No. Sentence Comment

69 Simone Aubin, Claudette La- rochelle and Suzanne Mignault from the Clinique de TABLE 2 Distribution of the Mean Sweat Chloride Concentration by Genotype Genotype No. of CF Patients Mean Chloride Concentration (mmol/L) (SD) Pancreatic Status References G542X/⌬F508 128 109 (23) Pl 18 R553X/⌬F508 46 105 (18) Pl 18 N1303K/⌬F508 56 104 (24) Pl 18 W1282X/⌬F508 13 110 (18) Pl 18 1717-1G3A/⌬F508 26 107 (36) Pl 18 621ϩ1G3T/⌬F508 22 100 (20) Pl 18 R117H/⌬F508 20 82 (19) PS 18 ⌬F508/⌬F508 328 106 (22) Pl 18 3849ϩ10kb C3T/⌬F508 6 61 (11) PS 19 3849ϩ10kb C3T/⌬F508 9 41 (12) PS (6) 20 R347P/⌬F508 5 100 (26) Pl 21 R334W/⌬F508 10 108 (19) Pl (6) 22 1811ϩ1.6kb A3C/⌬F508a 17 98 (12) Pl 23 3905insT/⌬F508 7 124 Pl 24 W1282X/W1282X 16 113 (12) Pl 25 W1282X/⌬F508 22 109 (11) Pl 25 G551D/⌬F508 58 101 (16) Pl 26 R1162X/R1162X 9 99 (13) Pl 27 1949del84/⌬F508 4 105 (20) Pl 28 ⌬F508/⌬F508 47 103 (8) Pl This study 621ϩ1G3T/⌬F508 28 103 (7) Pl This study 621ϩ1G3T/A455E 6 94 (11) Pl/PS This study A455E/⌬F508 12 77 (18) Pl/PS This study a Or other 'severe` mutations. Login to comment
71 Simone Aubin, Claudette Larochelle and Suzanne Mignault from the Clinique de TABLE 2 Distribution of the Mean Sweat Chloride Concentration by Genotype Genotype No. of CF Patients Mean Chloride Concentration (mmol/L) (SD) Pancreatic Status References G542X/DF508 128 109 (23) Pl 18 R553X/DF508 46 105 (18) Pl 18 N1303K/DF508 56 104 (24) Pl 18 W1282X/DF508 13 110 (18) Pl 18 1717-1G3A/DF508 26 107 (36) Pl 18 62111G3T/DF508 22 100 (20) Pl 18 R117H/DF508 20 82 (19) PS 18 DF508/DF508 328 106 (22) Pl 18 3849110kb C3T/DF508 6 61 (11) PS 19 3849110kb C3T/DF508 9 41 (12) PS (6) 20 R347P/DF508 5 100 (26) Pl 21 R334W/DF508 10 108 (19) Pl (6) 22 181111.6kb A3C/DF508a 17 98 (12) Pl 23 3905insT/DF508 7 124 Pl 24 W1282X/W1282X 16 113 (12) Pl 25 W1282X/DF508 22 109 (11) Pl 25 G551D/DF508 58 101 (16) Pl 26 R1162X/R1162X 9 99 (13) Pl 27 1949del84/DF508 4 105 (20) Pl 28 DF508/DF508 47 103 (8) Pl This study 62111G3T/DF508 28 103 (7) Pl This study 62111G3T/A455E 6 94 (11) Pl/PS This study A455E/DF508 12 77 (18) Pl/PS This study a Or other 'severe` mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 9521595 [PubMed] Onay T et al: "Analysis of the CFTR gene in Turkish cystic fibrosis patients: identification of three novel mutations (3172delAC, P1013L and M1028I)."

No. Sentence Comment

26 Other frequent mutations, namely G542X, R560T, S549N or S549I and G551D or R553X, were analysed by the multiplex ARMS method combined with restriction enzyme analysis (Dean et al. 1990; Cutting et al. 1990; Ferrie et al. 1992). Login to comment

PMID: 9755815 [PubMed] Meschede D et al: "Genetic diseases of the seminal ducts."

No. Sentence Comment

39 This is the case in homozygotes and compound heterozygotes for AF508 and other common "severe" mutations such as 17 171 G + A, G542X, G55lD, R553X, W1282X or Nl303K. Login to comment
40 This is the case in homozygotes and compound heterozygotes for AF508 and other common "severe" mutations such as 17 171 G + A, G542X, G55lD, R553X, W1282X or Nl303K. Login to comment

PMID: 10200050 [PubMed] de Meeus A et al: "Genetic findings in congenital bilateral aplasia of vas deferens patients and identification of six novel mutatations. Mutations in brief no. 138. Online."

No. Sentence Comment

83 Phenotype CFTRamutations Intron 8, Poly(T) tract 1 3 crisis of acute pancreatitis F508 / L206W 9/7 2 F508 / L206W 9/9 3 frequent bronchitis F508 / R347H 9/9 4 F508 / R347H 9/9 5 F508 / M244K 9/7 6 F508 / A1364V 9/7 7 F508 / D1152H 9/7 8 chronic sinusitis and bronchitis F508 / D1152H 9/7 9 F508 / R117H 9/7 10 F508 / R117H 9/7 11 F508 / M952I 9/7 12 D443Y / G542X 7/9 13 D443Y / G542X 7/9 14 2184delA / D443Y 7/7 15 2184delA / D443Y 7/7 16 R347H / D443Y 9/7 17 seminal vesicles agenesia R117H / G1349D 7/7 18 R117H / G1244E 7/7 19 N1303K / P111L 9/7 20 chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps W1282X / D1152H 7/7 21 chronic sinusitis R347H / Y1092X 7/7 22 seminal vesicles agnesia 297-3C-GTT / 4279insA 7/7 23 G544V / F508C 7/7 24 D1152H / 2896insAG 7-9 25 F508 / - 9/5 26 F508 / - 9/5 27 F508 / - 9/5 28 F508 / - 9/5 29 F508 / - 9/5 30 chronic sinusitis, bronchitis F508 / - 9/5 31 sinusitis and allergy F508 / - 9/5 32 allergy F508 / - 9/5 33 F508 / - 9/5 34 F508 / - 9/5 35 F508 / - 9/5 36 F508 / - 9/5 37 bronchitis, asthma F508 / - 9/5 38 chronic sinusitis F508+A1067T / - 9/5 39 chronic sinusitis D1152H / - 7/5 40 2184delA / - 7/5 41 R764X / - 7/5 42 711+1G-GTT / - 7/5 43 F508 / - 9/7 44 F508 / - 9/7 45 F508 / - 9/7 46 F508 / - 9/9 47 R553X / - 7/7 48 -33G-GTA / - 7/7 49 K710X / - 7/7 50 - / - 5/5 51 - / - 5/7 52 - / - 5/7 53 - / - 7/7 54 - / - 7/7 55 - / - 7/7 56 - / - 7/7 57 - / - 7/7 58 - / - 7/7 59 - / - 7/7 60 - / - 7/7 61 - / - 7/9 62 - / - 7/9 63 NIDDb - / - 7/9 64 - / - 7/9 a : Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator gene b : Non Insulino-Dependant Diabetis References Anguiano A, Oates RD, Amos JA, Dean M, Gerrard B, Stewart C, Maher TA, White MB, Milunsky A (1992) Congenital absence of the vas deferens: a primarily genital form of cystic fibrosis. Login to comment

PMID: 9439669 [PubMed] Casals T et al: "High heterogeneity for cystic fibrosis in Spanish families: 75 mutations account for 90% of chromosomes."

No. Sentence Comment

33 Eight mutations have frequencies 366 Table 1 Seventy-five CFTR mutations identified in 640 Spanish families with cystic fibrosis (CF) Mutation Exon/intron CF alleles % ∆F508 E.10 681 53.20 G542X E.11 108 8.43 N1303K E.21 34 2.65 1811+1.6kbA→Ga I.11 24 1.87 711+1G→T I.5 22 1.71 R1162Xa E.19 21 1.64 R334Wa E.7 21 1.64 R1066C E.17b 14 1.09 1609delCAa E.10 13 1.01 Q890X E.15 13 1.01 G85E E.3 12 0.94 712-1G→Ta I.5 11 0.86 2789+5G→A I.14b 11 0.86 ∆I507 E.10 10 0.78 W1282X E.20 10 0.78 2869insGa E.15 9 0.70 L206W E.6a 7 0.54 R709X E.13 7 0.54 621+1G→T I.4 6 0.47 3272-26A→G I.17a 6 0.47 R347H E.7 5 0.39 2183AA→G E.13 5 0.39 K710X E.13 5 0.39 2176insC E.13 5 0.39 3849+10kbC→T I.19 5 0.39 P205Sa E.6a 4 0.31 1078delT E.7 4 0.31 R553X E.11 4 0.31 G551D E.11 4 0.31 1812-1G→Aa I.11 4 0.31 CFdel#1a E.4-7/11-18 4 0.31 V232D E.6a 3 0.23 936delTAa E.6b 3 0.23 1717-8G→A I.10 3 0.23 1949del84 E.13 3 0.23 W1089X E.17b 3 0.23 R347P E.7 3 0.23 del E.3a E.3 2 0.16 R117H E.4 2 0.16 L558S E.11 2 0.16 A561E E.12 2 0.16 2603delT E.13 2 0.16 Y1092X E.17b 2 0.16 Q1100Pa E.17b 2 0.16 M1101K E.17b 2 0.16 delE.19a E.19 2 0.16 G1244E E.20 2 0.16 P5La E.1 1 0.08 Q30Xa E.2 1 0.08 G85Va E.3 1 0.08 E92Ka E.4 1 0.08 A120Ta E.4 1 0.08 I148T E.4 1 0.08 711+3A→Ta I.5 1 0.08 H199Y E.6a 1 0.08 875+1G→A I.6a 1 0.08 Table 1 (continued) Mutation Exon/intron CF alleles % 1717-1G→A I.10 1 0.08 L571S E.12 1 0.08 T582Ra E.12 1 0.08 E585X E.12 1 0.08 1898+3A→G I.12 1 0.08 G673X E.13 1 0.08 E692Xa E.13 1 0.08 R851X E.14a 1 0.08 R851La E.14a 1 0.08 A1006E E.17a 1 0.08 L1065Ra E.17b 1 0.08 F1074La E.17b 1 0.08 R1158X E.19 1 0.08 3667del4a E.19 1 0.08 3860ins31a E.20 1 0.08 3905insT E.20 1 0.08 4005+1G→A I.20 1 0.08 Q1281Xa E.20 1 0.08 Q1313X E.21 1 0.08 Known mutations (75) 1155 90.23 Unknown mutations 125 9.77 a Mutations discovered by the CF group of the Medical and Molecular Genetics Centre - IRO, Barcelona, Spain that range between 0.5% and 0.9%, representing 6.0% of the CF chromosomes. Login to comment

PMID: 9429141 [PubMed] el-Harith EA et al: "Novel and characteristic CFTR mutations in Saudi Arab children with severe cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

26 Deletions of two or more base pairs were screened for by electrophoresis using a native 12% polyacrylamide gel. The 20 common CFTR mutations that were screened for were AF508, AI507, 1677delTA, R347P, R347H, R553X, G551D, G542X, N1303K, 3849+1OKbC-8'T, R334W, I336K, 2789+5G-A, 1717-1G-A, 3272- 26A- G, Y1092X, 2143delT, W1282X, RI 17H, and the 5T allele. Login to comment

PMID: 9345100 [PubMed] Meschede D et al: "CFTR gene mutations in men with bilateral ejaculatory-duct obstruction and anomalies of the seminal vesicles."

No. Sentence Comment

23 Direct testing by allele-specific amplification, heteroduplex analysis, or by restriction analysis was performed in all patients, for detection of the following CFTR gene mutations: R117H, R347P, DI507, DF508, 1717-1 GrA, G542X, G551D, R553X, 3849ϩ10 kB, W1282X, and N1303K. Login to comment
26 It is common among men with CBAVD (De Braekeleer and Fe´rec 1996) and may here, Letters to the Editor Table 1 Summary of Mutation Analysis in CFTR Gene in 16 Men with IASV and in 7 Men with BEDO Diagnosis CFTR Genotypea T5/T7/T9 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/9 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 5/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 IASV I1139V/ϩ 7/9 IASV ϩ/ϩ 7/7 BEDO DF508/ϩ 9/5 BEDO DF508/R117H 9/7 BEDO ϩ/ϩ 7/9 BEDO DF508/R117H 9/7 BEDO R553X/ϩ 7/5 BEDO R347P/ϩ 7/7 BEDO DF508/ϩ 9/5 a A plus sign (ϩ) denotes the wild-type allele (i.e., no mutation was detected). Login to comment
33 Compound heterozygosity for DF508/R117H was detected in two patients, for DF508/T5 in another two, and for R553X/ T5 in one. Login to comment
22 DNA was isolated from peripheral lymphocytes, and target sequences were amplified by PCR. Direct testing by allele-specific amplification, heteroduplex analysis, or by restriction analysis was performed in all patients, for detection of the following CFTR gene mutations: R117H, R347P, DI507, DF508, 1717-1 GrA, G542X, G551D, R553X, 3849af9;10 kB, W1282X, and N1303K. Login to comment
25 It is common among men with CBAVD (De Braekeleer and Fe &#b4;rec 1996) and may here, Letters to the Editor Table 1 Summary of Mutation Analysis in CFTR Gene in 16 Men with IASV and in 7 Men with BEDO Diagnosis CFTR Genotypea T5/T7/T9 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV af9;/af9; 7/9 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV af9;/af9; 5/7 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 IASV I1139V/af9; 7/9 IASV af9;/af9; 7/7 BEDO DF508/af9; 9/5 BEDO DF508/R117H 9/7 BEDO af9;/af9; 7/9 BEDO DF508/R117H 9/7 BEDO R553X/af9; 7/5 BEDO R347P/af9; 7/7 BEDO DF508/af9; 9/5 a A plus sign (af9;) denotes the wild-type allele (i.e., no mutation was detected). Login to comment
32 Compound heterozygosity for DF508/R117H was detected in two patients, for DF508/T5 in another two, and for R553X/ T5 in one. Login to comment

PMID: 9511934 [PubMed] Brown CR et al: "Strategies for correcting the delta F508 CFTR protein-folding defect."

No. Sentence Comment

37 Howard and his colleagues have shown that treatment of cells expressing some of these truncation mutants (e.g., G542X and R553X) with different aminoglycoside antibiotics results in "translational read-through" and the production of low levels of a full-length and functional CFTR protein (Howard et al., 1996). Login to comment

PMID: 9272157 [PubMed] Dork T et al: "Distinct spectrum of CFTR gene mutations in congenital absence of vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

43 This initial screening included the mutations ∆F508, G542X, R553X, G551D, N1303K, 1717-1 G→A, 3272-26 A→G, Y1092X, 2143delT, R347P, R347H, R334W, I336K, R117H, R117C, 2789+5 G→A, 3849+10kB C→T and the "5T" allele, the latter two splice variants being tested according to the instructions of Highsmith et al. (1994) and Chillón et al. (1995). Login to comment
86 The V938G substitution was identified in two unrelated patients, one homozygote with unilateral ab- 368 Table 1A Frequency distribution and haplotypes of CFTR mutations in 106 CAVD patients Mutationa Nucleotide changesb Locationc Frequencyd Haplotypee Referencef 174delA deletion of A at 174 exon 1 1 D3 This study E56K G→A at 298 exon 3 1 B3 This study D58N G→A at 304 exon 3 1 C2 This study D110H G→A at 460 exon 4 2 C2 Dean et al. (1990) R117H G→A at 482 exon 4 24 B6 Dean et al. (1990) A120T G→A at 490 exon 4 1 n.p. Chillón et al. (1994) ̃L138 insertion of CTA after 546 exon 4 1 A2 This study L206W T→G at 749 exon 6a 1 B8 Claustres et al. (1993) M265R T→G at 926 exon 6b 1 A2 Schwarz et al. (pers. comm.) R297W C→T at 1021 exon 7 1 C2 This study 1078delT deletion of T at 1078 exon 7 1 C2 Claustres et al. (1992) R334W C→T at 1132 exon 7 1 B1 Gasparini et al. (1991) R334L G→T at 1133 exon 7 1 D3 This study I336K T→A at 1139 exon 7 1 A2 Cuppens et al. (1993) R347H G→A at 1172 exon 7 3 D1 Cremonesi et al. (1992) L375F A→C at 1257 exon 8 1 B3 Jézéquel et al. (1996) ∆F508 deletion of 3 bp between 1652-1655 exon 10 57 B1 Kerem et al. (1989) G542X G→T at 1756 exon 11 2 B1 Kerem et al. (1990) R553X C→T at 1789 exon 11 1 A4 Cutting et al. (1990) L568F G→T at 1836 exon 12 1 B3 This study 2184insA insertion of A at 2184 exon 13 1 D3 Dörk et al. (1994b) 2789+5 G→A G→A at 2789+5 intron 14b 4 D3 Highsmith et al. (1997) R933S A→T at 2931 exon 15 1 n.p. Login to comment
137 Complex alleles are indicated a One CF allele with R75X and 125G→C b One CBAVD allele with R75Q and R933S c One CBAVD allele with 5T and Q1352H d Two CF alleles with F508C and S1251N e One CF allele with 1716G→A and L619S f G576A and R668C were linked on two CBAVD and three CF alleles, whereas two additional CF alleles carried R668C together with the 3849+10kB C→T mutation (Dörk and Stuhrmann 1995) 371 Table 3 CFTR mutation genotypes in 106 males with CAVD Genotype PolyT Frequency Ethnic descent Diagnosis ∆F508/R117H 9/7 21 German, Austrian 20 CBAVD, 1 CUAVD ∆F508/5T 9/5 9 German, Austrian 8 CBAVD, 1 CUAVD ∆F508/F508C 9/7 3 German CBAVD ∆F508/R347H 9/9 2 German CBAVD ∆F508/1716 G→A 9/7 2 German CBAVD ∆F508/3272-26 A→G 9/7 2 German CBAVD ∆F508/E56K 9/7 1 German CBAVD ∆F508/M265R 9/7 1 German-Portuguese CBAVD ∆F508/R334W 9/9 1 German CBAVD ∆F508/T351S 9/9 1 German CBAVD ∆F508/L375F 9/7 1 Volga German CBAVD ∆F508/G576A & R668C 9/7 1 German CBAVD ∆F508/R933S 9/7 1 German CBAVD ∆F508/L997F 9/9 1 German CBAVD ∆F508/Y1032C 9/7 1 German CBAVD ∆F508/D1152H 9/7 1 German CBAVD ∆F508/K1351E 9/7 1 German CBAVD ∆F508/D1377H 9/7 1 Portuguese CBAVD ∆F508/L1388Q 9/7 1 German CBAVD ∆F508/unknown 9/7 4 German 3 CBAVD, 1 CUAVD 5T/5T 5/5 2 German CBAVD 5T/G542X 5/9 2 German, Turkish CBAVD 5T/D58N 5/7 1 Lebanese CBAVD 5T/̃L138 5/7 1 German-Polish CBAVD 5T/1078delT 5/7 1 German CBAVD 5T/R553X 5/7 1 German CBAVD 5T/2184insA 5/7 1 Turkish CBAVD 5T/D979A 5/7 1 Vietnamese CBAVD 5T/D1152H 5/7 1 Turkish CBAVD 5T/3659delC 5/7 1 German CBAVD 5T/S1235R 5/7 1 Greek CBAVD 5T/W1282X 5/7 1 German CBAVD 5T & Q1352H/ R297W & Q1352H 5/7 1 Vietnamese CBAVD 5T/unknown 5/7 1 German CBAVD R117H/L206W 7/9 1 German CBAVD R117H/2789+5 G→A 7/7 1 German CBAVD R117H/unknown 7/7 1 German CBAVD 2789+5 G→A/2789+5 G→A 7/7 1 Lebanese CBAVD 2789+5 G→A/L973F 7/7 1 German CBAVD V938G/V938G 7/7 1 Greek CBAVD V938G/174delA 7/7 1 German CBAVD D110H/D110H 7/7 1 Turkish CBAVD R334L/I336K 7/7 1 German CBAVD R347H/N1303K 9/9 1 German CBAVD L568F/D1152H 7/7 1 Turkish CBAVD 3272-26 A→G/V1153E 7/7 1 German CBAVD R75Q/unknown 7/7 1 German CBAVD A120T/unknown 9/7 1 German CBAVD 1716G→A/unknown 7/7 1 German CBAVD G576A & R668C/unknown 7/7 1 German CBAVD 2752-15 C→G/unknown 7/7 1 Iranian CBAVD Unknown/unknown 17 German, Turkish 7 CBAVD and 1 CUAVD without observed renal agenesis, 9 CBAVD with renal agenesis allele and the R297W mutation on a homozygous Q1352H background may then reduce CFTR function to a disease-causing level. Login to comment

PMID: 9363704 [PubMed] Pauer HU et al: "Relevance of genetic counselling in couples prior to intracytoplasmic sperm injection."

No. Sentence Comment

25 Patients whose history or physical examination showed a possible diagnosis of CBAVD were typed for 19 additional CFTR mutations (e.g. R117H, Introduction R347P, 1717-1, G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X and N1303K), including an intronic polymorphism (5T allele) which leads to reducedThe development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for splicing efficiency of the CFTR mRNA (Chillo´n et al., 1995). Login to comment
24 Patients whose history or physical examination showed a possible diagnosis of CBAVD were typed for 19 additional CFTR mutations (e.g. R117H, Introduction R347P, 1717-1, G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X and N1303K), including an intronic polymorphism (5T allele) which leads to reduced The development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for splicing efficiency of the CFTR mRNA (Chillo &#b4;n et al., 1995). Login to comment

PMID: 9254853 [PubMed] Hergersberg M et al: "A new mutation, 3905insT, accounts for 4.8% of 1173 CF chromosomes in Switzerland and causes a severe phenotype."

No. Sentence Comment

17 Martin Hergersberg · Jaya Balakrishnan · Thomas Bettecken · Francoise Chevalier-Porst · Christian Brägger · René Burger · Inge Einschenk · Sabina Liechti-Gallati · Michael Morris · Daniel Schorderet · Francine Thonney · Hans Moser · Naseem Malik A new mutation, 3905insT, accounts for 4.8% of 1173 CF chromosomes in Switzerland and causes a severe phenotype Hum Genet (1997) 100:220-223 (c) Springer-Verlag 1997 Received: 17 February 1997 / Accepted: 26 March 1977 ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION M. Hergersberg (౧) · J. Balakrishnan · I. Einschenk Institut für Medizinische Genetik, Universität Zürich, Rämistrasse 74, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland Tel.: +411 257 25 35; Fax: +411 262 04 70; e-mail hergie@medgen.unizh.ch T. Bettecken · S. Liechti-Gallati · H. Moser Universitäts-Kinderklinik, Bern, Switzerland F. Chevalier-Porst Hôpital Debrousse, Lyon, France C. Brägger · R. Burger Universitäts-Kinderklinik, Zurich, Switzerland M. Morris Division de Génétique Médicale, Gèneve, Switzerland D. Schorderet · F. Thonney Division Autonome de Génétique Médicale, Lausanne, Switzerland N. Malik Abteilung für Medizinische Genetik, Universitätskinderklinik, Basel, Switzerland Materials and methods Patients and families All blood samples received by the five Swiss University Centres of medical genetics for mutation analysis in the CFTR gene were screened for the eight mutations ∆F508, R553X, 1717-1G→A, G542X, N1303K, W1282X, R347P and 3905insT (Table 1). Login to comment
42 Using this method, the 3905insT mutation was found on 56 (4.8%) of "Swiss" CF chromosomes, but was not detected in more than 400 normal chromosomes, in more than 200 CF chromosomes with the ∆F508 mutation and in numerous CF chromosomes 221 Table 1 The frequency of eight common cystic fibrosis (CF) mutations among 1173 CF mutations in Switzerland Mutation Number of CF Frequency chromosomes (%) ∆F508 841 71.7 3905insT 56 4.8 R553X 43 3.7 1717-1G→A 39 3.3 G542X 23 2.0 N1303K 17 1.4 W1282X 13 1.1 R347P 7 0.6 Other mutations 21 1.9 Total 1060 90.4 Unidentified mutations 113 9. Login to comment

PMID: 9216450 [PubMed] Braun A et al: "Detecting CFTR gene mutations by using primer oligo base extension and mass spectrometry."

No. Sentence Comment

74 PROBE was also used for simultaneous (biplex) detection of the CFTR gene exon 11 G542X and R553X mutations in two patients. Login to comment

PMID: 9216449 [PubMed] Heinonen P et al: "Simple triple-label detection of seven cystic fibrosis mutations by time-resolved fluorometry."

No. Sentence Comment

20 We utilized triple-label time-resolved fluorometry and short, allele-specific oligonucleotide probes to detect ⌬F508, G1717 3A, G542X, R553X, 3905 insertion T 1 Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland. Login to comment
55 of hybridization wells Detection probe 5؅-3؅ sequence and label5؅-Primer 3؅-Primer ⌬F508 w 1 AAGCACAGTGGAAGAATTTC BioCTCTTCTAGTTGGCATGCT 2 Tb-(modC)20ATCATCTTTGGT m 3 Sm-(modC)20TATCAT∧TGGTGT w 1 BioGAGCATACTAAAAGTGACTC BioCATGAATGACATTTACAGCAA 1 Eu-(modC)20ATGTCCTATTAC G1717 3A m 3 Tb-(modC)20TAATAAGACATCT G542X w 1 BioGAGCATACTAAAAGTGACTC BioCATGAATGACATTTACAGCAA 2 Eu-(modC)20GGTCTTGGAGAA m 1 Tb-(modC)20GGTCTTTGAGAA R553X w 1 BioGAGCATACTAAAAGTGACTC BioCATGAATGACATTTACAGCAA 2 Sm-(modC)20GTCAACGAGCAA m 3 Eu-(modC)20TTGCTCATTGAC 3905insT w 2 BioCCTTATAGGTGGGCCTCT BioGCTAAGTCCTTTTGCTCAC 4 Tb-(modC)20AGCTTTTTT*GAG m 5 Sm-(modC)20CTCAAAAAAAGC W1282X w 2 BioCCTTATAGGTGGGCCTCT BioGCTAAGTCCTTTTGCTCAC 4 Eu-(modC)20TTCCTCCACTGT m 5 Eu-(modC)20CAGTGAAGGAAA N1303K w 2 AAGTATTTATTTTTTCTGGAACA BioTTCTTGATCACTCCACTGTT 4 Sm-(modC)20AAAACTTGGATC m 5 Tb-(modC)20AAAAAGTTGGAT Sequences, labels, and design of hybridization wells for wild-type specific (w) and mutant specific (m) detection probes for seven CFTR mutations. Login to comment
85 and type of label Optimal hybridization temperature,b,d °C Optimal probe conc.,b ng/well Hybridization sensitivity (target molecules/well)c,d Cross-reactivity,b,d % Maximal hybridization efficiency,b % ⌬F508 w 19Tb 31 2 4.1 ϫ 107 0.0 6.5 m 19Sm 24 5 1.2 ϫ 108 1.0 13.5 G1717 3A w 18Eu 17 5 5.9 ϫ 107 0.2 10.5 m 19Tb Ͻ10 5 5.6 ϫ 107 0.1 8.0 G542X w 18Eu 18-27 5 6.7 ϫ 107 0.4 5.5 m 19Tb 20 10 8.1 ϫ 107 0.5 2.5 R553X w 9Sm 32 2 3.2 ϫ 108 1.0 8.5 m 16Eu 22 1 2.2 ϫ 107 0.2 14.5 3905insT w 18Tb 25 5 1.8 ϫ 107 2.9 10.5 m 19Sm 22 2 1.8 ϫ 107 6.5 38.0 W1282X w 19Eu 22 1 3.2 ϫ 107 0.4 14.0 m 19Eu 20 2 1.7 ϫ 107 0.5 21.0 N1303K w 9Sm 31 10 6.4 ϫ 107 0.6 8.0 m 13Tb 27 2 3.1 ϫ 107 0.0 11.0 a For sequences, see Table 1. b Determined using 1 ϫ 1011 target molecules/well. Login to comment
88 probes specific for ⌬F508, G1717 3A, G542X, and R553X in wells 1-3, and the fragments amplified in PCR2 with probes specific for 3905insT, W1282X, and N1303K in wells 4 and 5 (Fig. 1). Login to comment
97 The mutations of interest were ⌬F508 in exon 10, G1717 3A, G542X, and R553X in exon 11, 3905insT and W1282X in exon 20, and N1303K in exon 21. Login to comment
110 The hybridization reactions were distributed as follows: wild-type G1717 3A probe and mutant G542X probe were hybridized in well 1, wild-type probes for ⌬F508, G542X, and R553X in well 2, and mutant probes for ⌬F508, G1717 3A, and R553X in well 3. Login to comment
134 The lowest optimal hybridization temperature was Ͻ10 °C (the mutant G1717 3A probe), and the highest optimum was 32 °C (the mutant R553X probe) (Table 2). Login to comment
146 Relative hybridization signals of mutant R553X (F), G1717 3A (f), and ⌬F508 (ࡗ) probes hybridized at optimal probe concentrations at different temperatures with 1 ϫ 1011 synthetic target molecules/well. Login to comment
167 Signal-to-noise ratio for wild/mutant ⌬F508 G1717 3A G542X R553X 3905insT W1282X N1303K w m w m w m w m w m w m w m Diagnosis Purified DNA samples 293 1.2 255 1.1 65 1.4 64 2.3 82 1.2 20 1.0 23 1.2 Normal 120 77 218 1.2 57 1.5 57 2.2 76 1.3 24 1.4 18 1.4 ⌬F508/unknown 2.2 166 236 1.1 73 2.7 62 3.0 78 1.4 25 1.6 15 2.0 ⌬F508/⌬F508 141 91 132 17 79 1.5 69 3.0 79 1.4 22 1.7 19 1.6 ⌬F508/G1717 3A 286 1.4 2.5 31 61 2.4 59 2.5 81 1.3 23 1.4 25 1.7 G1717 3A/G1717 3A 280 1.4 61 14 18 13 29 2.8 82 1.2 25 1.0 16 1.5 G1717 3A/G542X 220 1.8 265 1.5 73 1.6 40 36 78 1.3 19 1.4 13 2.0 ⌬F508/R553X 284 2.0 176 1.7 75 4.0 3.0 60 87 1.4 21 1.7 20 1.8 R553X/R553X 264 1.8 226 1.7 76 3.5 37 32 44 17 23 1.1 20 1.5 R553X/3905insT 104 67 214 2.3 46 2.3 48 3.5 44 16 22 1.6 15 1.9 ⌬F508/3905insT 154 97 268 1.5 68 1.5 62 3.2 74 1.8 11 33 21 0.9 ⌬F508/W1282X 310 1.2 294 1.1 83 2.5 73 2.4 78 1.3 18 1.5 6.4 40 N1303K/N1303K Blood spot samples 250 1.2 265 0.9 75 0.9 73 1.3 69 1.3 31 2.2 12 2.7 Normal 69 40 213 1.1 63 1.1 54 1.9 58 1.2 17 55 18 2.4 ⌬F508/W1282X 1.5 138 256 1.2 62 1.1 74 3.7 76 1.5 32 2.1 11 2.7 ⌬F508/⌬F508 96 48 304 1.0 96 12 76 2.2 82 1.5 31 2.9 13 3.2 ⌬F508/G542X Boldface numbers indicate signal-to-noise ratios considered positive. Login to comment
201 Results of DNA samples analyzed for seven CFTR mutations: 16 amplified samples, each plotted for seven mutations, ⌬F508 (ࡗ), G1717 3A (छ), G542X (f), R553X (Ⅺ), 3905insT (F), W1282X (E), and N1303K (‫. Login to comment

PMID: 9164776 [PubMed] Gregg RG et al: "Newborn screening for cystic fibrosis in Wisconsin: comparison of biochemical and molecular methods."

No. Sentence Comment

52 Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified DNA served to identify the ⌬F508 mutation.14 Mutations S549N, R553X, and G551D were screened by PCR amplification of exon 11, followed by restriction enzyme digests that are diagnostic of each mutation. Login to comment
57 Mutations, G542X, W1282X, R117H, R553X, N1303K, 1717-1G3A, R560T, and 621ϩ1G3T were analyzed by the ARMS procedure using published primers and conditions.18 A total of 360 patients were studied by multimutation analysis (80% of the Wisconsin CF population). Login to comment
123 Tested) Frequency (%) Theoretical Cumulative Detection† (%) Patients Missed in One Year‡ ⌬F508§ 513/720 71.25 91.74 1.32 G542X 17/162 3.02 93.38 1.05 W1282X 7/102 1.97 94.36 0.90 R117H 6/101 1.71 95.14 0.77 R553X 11/197 1.61 95.82 0.66 G551D 9/195 1.33 96.35 0.58 N1303K 3/100 0.86 96.67 0.53 1717 - 1G 3 A 2/99 0.58 96.88 0.49 R560T 2/106 0.54 97.06 0.47 621 ϩ 1G 3 T 3/163 0.53 97.25 0.44 S549N 0/196 0.0 97.25 0.44 * Chromosomes were analyzed on blood or cheek cell specimens obtained from 360 patients (80% of the total Wisconsin CF population), all of whom had a positive sweat test. Login to comment
140 They report results of adding DNA testing for the ⌬F508 mutation, and Ranieri et al15 also investigated adding three other CFTR mutations (G542X, R553X, and G551D) to the screen. Login to comment
152 DNA Analysis of Genotyped CF Patients in the US* n Percent ⌬F508 12701 67.7 G542X 403 2.2 G551D 357 1.9 W1282X 240 1.3 N1303K 223 1.2 R553X 157 0.8 3849 ϩ 10kbC 3 T 102 0.5 621 ϩ 1G 3 T 147 0.8 1717 - 1G 3 A 101 0.5 R117H 101 0.5 R334W 36 0.2 ⌬I507 42 0.2 R347P 37 0.2 R560T 23 0.1 R1162X 44 0.2 2789 ϩ 5G 3 A 25 0.1 A455E 16 0.1 3120 ϩ IG 3 A 14 0.0 S549N 12 0.0 711 ϩ IG 3 T 9 0.0 Other 178 0.9 Unidentified 3814 20.3 Total 18782 99.7† Patient Genotypes Allele 1/Allele 2 n % of Genotype ⌬F508/⌬F508 4573 48.7 ⌬F508/Known 1511 16.1 ⌬F508/Unknown 2044 21.8 Known/unknown 310 3.3 Known/known 223 2.4 Unknown/unknown 730 7.8 Total 9391 100.0 *Data from Cystic Fibrosis Registry, 1995; Annual Report. Login to comment
47 Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified DNA served to identify the DF508 mutation.14 Mutations S549N, R553X, and G551D were screened by PCR amplification of exon 11, followed by restriction enzyme digests that are diagnostic of each mutation. Login to comment
118 Tested) Frequency (%) Theoretical Cumulative Detectionߤ (%) Patients Missed in One Yearߥ DF508&#a7; 513/720 71.25 91.74 1.32 G542X 17/162 3.02 93.38 1.05 W1282X 7/102 1.97 94.36 0.90 R117H 6/101 1.71 95.14 0.77 R553X 11/197 1.61 95.82 0.66 G551D 9/195 1.33 96.35 0.58 N1303K 3/100 0.86 96.67 0.53 1717 2 1G 3 A 2/99 0.58 96.88 0.49 R560T 2/106 0.54 97.06 0.47 621 1 1G 3 T 3/163 0.53 97.25 0.44 S549N 0/196 0.0 97.25 0.44 * Chromosomes were analyzed on blood or cheek cell specimens obtained from 360 patients (80% of the total Wisconsin CF population), all of whom had a positive sweat test. Login to comment
135 They report results of adding DNA testing for the DF508 mutation, and Ranieri et al15 also investigated adding three other CFTR mutations (G542X, R553X, and G551D) to the screen. Login to comment
147 DNA Analysis of Genotyped CF Patients in the US* n Percent DF508 12701 67.7 G542X 403 2.2 G551D 357 1.9 W1282X 240 1.3 N1303K 223 1.2 R553X 157 0.8 3849 1 10kbC 3 T 102 0.5 621 1 1G 3 T 147 0.8 1717 2 1G 3 A 101 0.5 R117H 101 0.5 R334W 36 0.2 DI507 42 0.2 R347P 37 0.2 R560T 23 0.1 R1162X 44 0.2 2789 1 5G 3 A 25 0.1 A455E 16 0.1 3120 1 IG 3 A 14 0.0 S549N 12 0.0 711 1 IG 3 T 9 0.0 Other 178 0.9 Unidentified 3814 20.3 Total 18782 99.7ߤ Patient Genotypes Allele 1/Allele 2 n % of Genotype DF508/DF508 4573 48.7 DF508/Known 1511 16.1 DF508/Unknown 2044 21.8 Known/unknown 310 3.3 Known/known 223 2.4 Unknown/unknown 730 7.8 Total 9391 100.0 *Data from Cystic Fibrosis Registry, 1995; Annual Report. Login to comment

PMID: 9150159 [PubMed] Macek M Jr et al: "Identification of common cystic fibrosis mutations in African-Americans with cystic fibrosis increases the detection rate to 75%."

No. Sentence Comment

39 Mutation Analysis All patients were screened for the AF508 mutation and 15 common Caucasian CF mutations using a reverse dot strip hybridization system (Kawasaki et al. 1993) (R117H, 621+1G--T, R334W, R347P, A455E, A1507, 1717-1G-+A, G542X, S549N, GSS1D, R553X, R560T, 3849+10kbC-+T, W1282X, and N1303K) (Welsh et al. 1995) and a deep intron 11 splice-site mutation, 1811+1.6kbA-+G (Chillon et al. 1995). Login to comment
45 In the two independent African-American groups, samples were screened for eight mutations that have been identified in two or more African-American CF patients, including 405+3A-+C (present study), 444delA (White et al. 1991), G480C (Smit et al. 1995), R553X (Cutting et al. 1990b), A559T (Cutting et al. 1990b), 2307insA (Smit et al. 1993), 3120+1G-+A (present study), and S1255X (Cutting et al. Login to comment
61 Four other mutations were observed more than once in the index group (405+3A--C [2], R553X [3], A559T [2], and S1255X [2]). Login to comment
62 Twelve novel mutations were identified in one patient each: W19C, 621G--*A, 1002-3T-*G, Am. J. Hum. Genet. Login to comment
86 The most common muta- Table 2 Distribution of CF Mutations in African-American and U.S.-Caucasian CF Patients African-American U.S. Caucasiana Mutation (n= 148) % (n = 8,714) % Caucasian mutations: AF508 71 48 5,769 66.2 R117H 0 0 47 .5 621+1 G--T 0 0 68 .8 R334W 1 .7 7 .1 R347P 0 0 24 .3 A455E 0 0 5 .1 AI507 1 .7 10 .1 1717-1 G-IA 1 .7 39 .5 G542X 1 .7 204 2.3 S549N 1 .7 4 .1 GS51D 1 .7 173 2.0 R553X (Caucasian)b 0 0 87 1.0 R560T 0 0 16 .2 3849+10kb C-T 0 0 51 .6 W1282X 0 0 235 2.7 N1303K 0 0 116 1.3 Subtotal 77 52 6,855 78.7 African-American mutations: 405+3 A-C 2 1.4 ... ... 444delA 1 .7 ... ... G480C 2 1.4 ... ... R553X (African)b 3 2.0 ... ... A559T 3 2.0 ... ... 2307insA 3 2.0 ... ... 3120+1 GC-A 18 12.2 ... ... S1255X 2 1.4 ... ... Subtotal 34 23 ... ... Total 111 75.0 6,855 78.7 NOTE.-Percentages are rounded. Login to comment
89 bThe R553X mutation was included in each group of common mutations, since it has arisen independently in the Caucasian and African populations on different chromosome backgrounds (Reiss et al. 1991). Login to comment
40 Mutation Analysis All patients were screened for the AF508 mutation and 15 common Caucasian CF mutations using a reverse dot strip hybridization system (Kawasaki et al. 1993) (R117H, 621+1G--T, R334W, R347P, A455E, A1507, 1717-1G-+A, G542X, S549N, GSS1D, R553X, R560T, 3849+10kbC-+T, W1282X, and N1303K) (Welsh et al. 1995) and a deep intron 11 splice-site mutation, 1811+1.6kbA-+G (Chillon et al. 1995). Login to comment
46 In the two independent African-American groups, samples were screened for eight mutations that have been identified in two or more African-American CF patients, including 405+3A-+C (present study), 444delA (White et al. 1991), G480C (Smit et al. 1995), R553X (Cutting et al. 1990b), A559T (Cutting et al. 1990b), 2307insA (Smit et al. 1993), 3120+1G-+A (present study), and S1255X (Cutting et al. Login to comment
87 The most common muta- Table 2 Distribution of CF Mutations in African-American and U.S.-Caucasian CF Patients African-American U.S. Caucasiana Mutation (n= 148) % (n = 8,714) % Caucasian mutations: AF508 71 48 5,769 66.2 R117H 0 0 47 .5 621+1 G--T 0 0 68 .8 R334W 1 .7 7 .1 R347P 0 0 24 .3 A455E 0 0 5 .1 AI507 1 .7 10 .1 1717-1 G-IA 1 .7 39 .5 G542X 1 .7 204 2.3 S549N 1 .7 4 .1 GS51D 1 .7 173 2.0 R553X (Caucasian)b 0 0 87 1.0 R560T 0 0 16 .2 3849+10kb C-T 0 0 51 .6 W1282X 0 0 235 2.7 N1303K 0 0 116 1.3 Subtotal 77 52 6,855 78.7 African-American mutations: 405+3 A-C 2 1.4 ... ... 444delA 1 .7 ... ... G480C 2 1.4 ... ... R553X (African)b 3 2.0 ... ... A559T 3 2.0 ... ... 2307insA 3 2.0 ... ... 3120+1 GC-A 18 12.2 ... ... S1255X 2 1.4 ... ... Subtotal 34 23 ... ... Total 111 75.0 6,855 78.7 NOTE.-Percentages are rounded. Login to comment
90 bThe R553X mutation was included in each group of common mutations, since it has arisen independently in the Caucasian and African populations on different chromosome backgrounds (Reiss et al. 1991). Login to comment

PMID: 9154877 [PubMed] Walker LC et al: "Relationship between airway ion transport and a mild pulmonary disease mutation in CFTR."

No. Sentence Comment

2 We also evaluated five patients possessing premature truncation mutations (G542X and R553X) for which an association with mild pulmonary disease has not been as well established. Login to comment
20 As a control, we measured airway ion transport in patients with the common R553X and G542X truncation mutations. Login to comment
25 The clinical features of the A455E, R553X, and G542X CF patients we studied are given in Table 1. Login to comment
31 Age (yr) Sex Genotype Pseudomonas Colonization % Predicted FVC 96 Predicted FEV, Sweat C1 (meq/L) PS versus PI* 1 121/2 F A455E/621 + 1G-T + 113 106 106 P1 2 111/2 F A455E/621 + 1G-*T - 109 101 97 PI 3 16 M AF508/A455E - 77 63 84 PS 4 16 F AF508/A455E - 123 120 59 PS 5 151/2 F AF508/A455E + 101 94 54 PS 6 21 M G551D/G542X + 56 26 84 PI 7 18 M AF508/G542X + 90 80 80 PI 8 16 M AF508/G542X + 121 110 132 PI 9 16 F R553X/G542X + 68 46 78 PI 10 18 M AF508/G542X + 51 41 100 PI 1685 * PS = pancreatic sufficient; PI = pancreatic insufficient terfly needle filled with a 4% agar/lactated Ringer's solution) was inserted subcutaneously in the dorsal aspect of the distal forearm or hand. Login to comment
59 RESULTS Table 1 summarizes clinical features of the A455E, G542X, and R553X CF patients we studied. Login to comment
67 Decisions regard- -10 26t5 mV -39*9 mVtt -57±5 mVtt -43*9 mVtt Control G542X or R553X A544E AF508 B 50 40 • C A PD 30 • (mV) • 20 • •• 10 ' • • o - t----------------------------- aj J0 mVtt -27±8 mVtt Control G542X or R553X A455E AF508 C -40 -30 1686 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE VOL. 155 1997 A -60 -50 • t 1 ' PD max -40 I (mV) • • • -30 • • s-20 to mV L - - i--- --- - -- -------loses A Amilo,id Amilonde Amiloride Low CI' Low Cl* fenol lomV L l0 Sea --------------^--------- --------t- - --- -- - --------- l0 mV L ------^--- --------Y- -^ t t lOmV L 10Sa. Login to comment
77 The remainder of patients with the A455E mutation exhibited no response to low Cl- /isoproterenol, as in the tracing in Figure I.C. Figure 1D shows a tracing from a patient homozygous for truncation mutations within CFTR (G542X/R553X). Login to comment
80 Figure 2 shows a summary of the data from patients and healthy controls in the study, and describes the baseline PD during perfusion with lactated Ringer's solution (Figure 2A), -20 APD (mv) • -10 tl • 0•------'------------------s---------------------------------- --- 10 12t7 mV -2:4 rVtt -4t8 mVtt -5)mVtt Control G542X or R553X A455E AF508 Figure 2. Login to comment
93 In the A455E patients, the maximal PD during perfusion with lactated Ringer's solution and the change after amiloride were well within the range anticipated for the general CF population (Figure 2A and B; [6-21]). Login to comment
94 In the patients with CFTR truncations G542X or R553X, the magnitude of the amiloride-sensitive PD (Figure 2B) was less than in A455E or AF508 patients, although these measurements were still highly useful in discriminating all CF patient groups from individuals without CF (p < 0.01). Login to comment
95 In vitro data suggesting that R553X CFTR is capable of downregulating amiloride-sensitive sodium transport during oocyte coexpression have recently been reported (31). Login to comment
19 As a control, we measured airway ion transport in patients with the common R553X and G542X truncation mutations. Login to comment
24 The clinical features of the A455E, R553X, and G542X CF patients we studied are given in Table 1. Login to comment
30 Age (yr) Sex Genotype Pseudomonas Colonization % Predicted FVC 96 Predicted FEV, Sweat C1 (meq/L) PS versus PI* 1 121/2 F A455E/621 + 1G-T + 113 106 106 P1 2 111/2 F A455E/621 + 1G-*T - 109 101 97 PI 3 16 M AF508/A455E - 77 63 84 PS 4 16 F AF508/A455E - 123 120 59 PS 5 151/2 F AF508/A455E + 101 94 54 PS 6 21 M G551D/G542X + 56 26 84 PI 7 18 M AF508/G542X + 90 80 80 PI 8 16 M AF508/G542X + 121 110 132 PI 9 16 F R553X/G542X + 68 46 78 PI 10 18 M AF508/G542X + 51 41 100 PI 1685 * PS = pancreatic sufficient; PI = pancreatic insufficient terfly needle filled with a 4% agar/lactated Ringer's solution) was inserted subcutaneously in the dorsal aspect of the distal forearm or hand. Login to comment
58 RESULTS Table 1 summarizes clinical features of the A455E, G542X, and R553X CF patients we studied. Login to comment
66 Decisions regard- -10 26t5 mV -39*9 mVtt -57&#b1;5 mVtt -43*9 mVtt Control G542X or R553X A544E AF508 B 50 40 ߦ C A PD 30 ߦ (mV) ߦ 20 ߦ ߦ ߦ 10 ' ߦ ߦ o - t---------------------------- - aj J0 mVtt -27&#b1;8 mVtt Control G542X or R553X A455E AF508 C -40 -30 1686 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE VOL. 155 1997 A -60 -50 ߦ t 1 ' PD max -40 I (mV) ߦ ߦ ߦ -30 ߦ ߦ s -20 to mV L - - i--- --- - -- -------loses A Amilo,id Amilonde Amiloride Low CI' Low Cl* fenol lomV L l0 Sea --------------^--------- --------t- - --- -- - --------- l0 mV L ------^--- --------Y- -^ t t lOmV L 10Sa. Login to comment
76 The remainder of patients with the A455E mutation exhibited no response to low Cl- /isoproterenol, as in the tracing in Figure I.C. Figure 1D shows a tracing from a patient homozygous for truncation mutations within CFTR (G542X/R553X). Login to comment
79 Figure 2 shows a summary of the data from patients and healthy controls in the study, and describes the baseline PD during perfusion with lactated Ringer's solution (Figure 2A), -20 APD (mv) ߦ -10 tl ߦ 0ߦ------' ------------------s---------------------------------- --- 10 12t7 mV -2:4 rVtt -4t8 mVtt -5)mVtt Control G542X or R553X A455E AF508 Figure 2. Login to comment

PMID: 9194642 [PubMed] Mau UA et al: "Chromosomal findings in 150 couples referred for genetic counselling prior to intracytoplasmic sperm injection."

No. Sentence Comment

21 Mutation screening included δI507, δF508, in combination with other abnormalities of the semen 1717-1(G→A), G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X, N1303K, R347P, (Bourrouillou et al., 1992). Login to comment

PMID: 9098486 [PubMed] Villalobos-Torres C et al: "Analysis of 16 cystic fibrosis mutations in Mexican patients."

No. Sentence Comment

14 According to data from the Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium [1994] (CFGAC), the most frequent non-⌬F508 mutations are the following: G542X (2.4%), G551D (1.6%), N1303K (1.3%), W1282X (1.2%), R553X (0.7%), 621 + 1 G→T (0.7%), 1717 - 1 G→T (0.6%), R117H (0.3%), R1162X (0.3%), G85E (0.2%), R347P (0.2%), ⌬I507 (0.2%), and 3849 + 10 kb C→T (0.2%). Login to comment
60 Mutation Frequency Data and Geographic Distribution of the Mutations Found in 80 Chromosomes From Mexican CF Patients Mutation Northeast n ‫ס‬ 54 Central n ‫ס‬ 16 Western n ‫ס‬ 10 Total n ‫ס‬ 80 CFGAC [1994] (%)n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) ⌬F508 27 (50) 2 (12.5) 7 (70) 36 (45) 66 G542X 2 (3.7) 2 (12.5) 0 4 (5) 2.4 3849 + 10 kb C→T 1 (1.9) 0 1 (10) 2 (2.5) 0.2 N1303K 0 1 (6.25) 0 1 (1.25) 1.3 S549N 0 1 (6.25) 0 1 (1.25) 0.1 621 + 1 G→T 0 0 1 (10) 1 (1.25) 0.7 Othera 24 (44.4) 10 (62.5) 1 (10) 35 (43.7) Detected 30 (55.6) 6 (37.5) 9 (90) 45 (56.3) a Different from W1282X, R117H, R334W, R347P, A455E, ⌬I507, 1717 - 1 G→T, G551D, R553X, and R560T. Login to comment

PMID: 9138152 [PubMed] Castellani C et al: "CFTR mutations and IVS8-5T variant in newborns with hypertrypsinaemia and normal sweat test."

No. Sentence Comment

21 Initially we tested for AF508, Rl 162X, and N1303K, estimated by a cohort study7 to cover 61 % of CF chromosomes in our area; from March 1995 10 other mutations were included (2183AAG, 3849+1OKbCT, G542X, 1717-1GA, R553X, Q552X, G85E, 711+5GA, 3132delTG, Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Ospedale Civile Maggiore, Piazzale Stefani, 37126 Verona, Italy C Castellani A Bonizzato G Mastella Correspondence to: Dr Castellani. Login to comment
62 Sweat IRT Meconium chloride PolyT IRT retest Weight Z Subject Sex (ugll) lactase (Ulg) (mEqlkg) CFTR mutation genotype (pgll) score 1 F 134 0 6 AF508 7/9 67 1.47 2 M 95 0 28 AF508 7/9 3 F 408 0 7 2183AA-*G 7/7 14 -0.29 4 M 150 0.72 16 N1303K 7/9 19 -0.47 5 F 106 Unknown 18 R1162X 7/7 -6.38 6 M 131 0 22 N1303K 9/9 27 -0.54 7 M 106 0 21 AF508 7/9 34 0.11 8 F 100 0 15 AF508 5/9 37 -0.01 9 F 105 0 25 AF508 5/9 51 -0.15 10 F 100 0 24 R1162X 7/7 11 M 266 0 14 AF508 7/9 5 0.20 12 F 103 0 9 AF508 7/9 13 F 105 0 32 AF508 7/9 14 F 268 0 22 AF508 7/9 30 15 M 110 Unknown 33 R1162X 7/7 16 M 174 0 12 AF508 7/9 52 1.87 17 F 100 0 15 AF508 7/9 18 M 140 0 9 AF508 7/9 19 M 98 0 30 AF508 5/9 20 M 110 1.2 10 AF508 7/9 11 0.26 21 F 102 0 20 G542X 7/9 45 0.77 22 F 111 0 16 N1303K 7/9 23 F 100 0 16 AF508 7/9 54 -0.44 24 F 95 0 18 R553X 7/9 25 F 285 0 16 AF508 7/9 20 0.28 26 M 117 0 23 AF508 7/9 101 27 M 115 0 24 AF508 5/9 12 -0.4 28 F 236 0 8 AF508 7/9 21 0.26 29 M 192 0 19 N1303K 7/9 73 0.04 30 M 103 0 39 AF508 5/9 69 31 M 133 0 10 AF508 7/9 65 1.17 32 M 144 0 30 R1162X 7/7 74 -0.83 33 F 123 0 20 AF508 7/9 66 -0.02 34 F 100 Unknown 30 AF508 5/9 65 35 M 134 0 28 AF508 7/9 36 M 294 0.8 12 R553X 7/7 37 M 102 Unknown 32 2789+5G-9A 7/7 38 F 114 0 36 AF508 7/9 39 M 123 0 9 R1162X 7/7 51 -0.36 40 F 118 0 33 AF508 5/9 16 0.18 41 M 134 0 10 AF508 7/9 15 1.36 42 M 97 0 9 AF508 7/9 43 M 98 1.71 31 AF508 7/9 44 F 122 Unknown 23 AF508 7/9 45 F 101 0 23 AF508 9/9 show mild biological abnormalities as early as the first days of life. Login to comment
61 Sweat IRT Meconium chloride PolyT IRT retest Weight Z Subject Sex (ugll) lactase (Ulg) (mEqlkg) CFTR mutation genotype (pgll) score 1 F 134 0 6 AF508 7/9 67 1.47 2 M 95 0 28 AF508 7/9 3 F 408 0 7 2183AA-*G 7/7 14 -0.29 4 M 150 0.72 16 N1303K 7/9 19 -0.47 5 F 106 Unknown 18 R1162X 7/7 -6.38 6 M 131 0 22 N1303K 9/9 27 -0.54 7 M 106 0 21 AF508 7/9 34 0.11 8 F 100 0 15 AF508 5/9 37 -0.01 9 F 105 0 25 AF508 5/9 51 -0.15 10 F 100 0 24 R1162X 7/7 11 M 266 0 14 AF508 7/9 5 0.20 12 F 103 0 9 AF508 7/9 13 F 105 0 32 AF508 7/9 14 F 268 0 22 AF508 7/9 30 15 M 110 Unknown 33 R1162X 7/7 16 M 174 0 12 AF508 7/9 52 1.87 17 F 100 0 15 AF508 7/9 18 M 140 0 9 AF508 7/9 19 M 98 0 30 AF508 5/9 20 M 110 1.2 10 AF508 7/9 11 0.26 21 F 102 0 20 G542X 7/9 45 0.77 22 F 111 0 16 N1303K 7/9 23 F 100 0 16 AF508 7/9 54 -0.44 24 F 95 0 18 R553X 7/9 25 F 285 0 16 AF508 7/9 20 0.28 26 M 117 0 23 AF508 7/9 101 27 M 115 0 24 AF508 5/9 12 -0.4 28 F 236 0 8 AF508 7/9 21 0.26 29 M 192 0 19 N1303K 7/9 73 0.04 30 M 103 0 39 AF508 5/9 69 31 M 133 0 10 AF508 7/9 65 1.17 32 M 144 0 30 R1162X 7/7 74 -0.83 33 F 123 0 20 AF508 7/9 66 -0.02 34 F 100 Unknown 30 AF508 5/9 65 35 M 134 0 28 AF508 7/9 36 M 294 0.8 12 R553X 7/7 37 M 102 Unknown 32 2789+5G-9A 7/7 38 F 114 0 36 AF508 7/9 39 M 123 0 9 R1162X 7/7 51 -0.36 40 F 118 0 33 AF508 5/9 16 0.18 41 M 134 0 10 AF508 7/9 15 1.36 42 M 97 0 9 AF508 7/9 43 M 98 1.71 31 AF508 7/9 44 F 122 Unknown 23 AF508 7/9 45 F 101 0 23 AF508 9/9 show mild biological abnormalities as early as the first days of life. Login to comment

PMID: 9135733 [PubMed] Gill DR et al: "A placebo-controlled study of liposome-mediated gene transfer to the nasal epithelium of patients with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

20 treatment, this condition still leads to an untimely death, Alternative, nonviral, gene delivery systems are receiving often in early adult life.3 increased attention, specifically cationic liposomes such as DC-Chol/DOPE (3beta[N-(N',N'-dimethylamino- ethane)-carbomoyl] cholesterol/dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine).12 In clinical trials, DC-Chol/DOPE lipo-Correspondence: DR Gill, Nuffield Department of Clinical Biochemistry, somes have been shown to mediate gene transfer inJohn Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK Received 5 November 1996; accepted 4 December 1996 patients with no evidence of inflammation, tissue damage or systemic immune response.13,14 Table 1 Patient details Treatment Patient Age Sex Genotype FEV1 (litres) FVC (litres) Clinical score Low CFTR 3 19 M ⌬F508/⌬F508 4.80 6.30 90 Low CFTR 5 17 M ⌬F508/⌬F508 4.40 5.70 95 Low CFTR 6 21 M ⌬F508/⌬F508 3.10 4.60 75 Low CFTR 10 27 F ⌬F508/⌬F508 1.40 1.90 70 High CFTR 2 21 M ⌬F508/⌬F508 1.65 3.25 60 High CFTR 7 21 M ⌬F508/⌬F508 3.00 4.30 75 High CFTR 9 20 F ⌬F508/G551D 1.45 3.0 50 High CFTR 12 27 F R553X/Q493X 2.30 3.15 45 Placebo-Vector 1 20 M ⌬F508/G551D 1.90 3.10 40 Placebo-Vector 8 19 M ⌬F508/R1162X 0.85 1.55 40 Placebo-Krebs 4 33 M ⌬F508/⌬F508 3.00 4.00 70 Placebo-Krebs 11 21 F ⌬F508/⌬F508 2.25 3.15 85 All patients were pancreatic insufficient. Login to comment

PMID: 9401006 [PubMed] Shrimpton AE et al: "Cystic fibrosis mutation frequencies in upstate New York."

No. Sentence Comment

84 % Comment 3 G85E 1 1 0.5 4 R117H 1 1 0.5 i4 621 + 1,G>T 1 2 3 1.5 5 711 + 1,G>T 1 1 0.5 6b N287Y 1 1 0.5 Novel 7 1154insTC 2 2 1.0 8 1259insA 1 1 0.5 Novel 9 A455E 1 1 0.5 10 Delta F508 109 39 148 74.0 10 1609delCA 1 1 0.5 Spanish i10 1717-1,G>A 3 3 1.5 11 G542X 2 1 3 1.5 11 G551D 3 3 1.5 11 R553X 4 4 2.0 i12 1898+1,G>A 2 2 1.0 13 2143delT 1 1 0.5 13 2184delA+G>A 1 1 0.5 i14 2789+5,G>A 2 2 1.0 17b R1070P 1 1 0.5 Novel 17b Y1092X(C>A) 2 2 1.0 French Canadian (Rozen et al., 1992) 17b CF?20kbdel 14b-18 1 1 0.5 Novel (Shrimpton and Borowitz, 1997) i19 3849+10kb,C>T 1 1 0.5 20 W1282X 2 2 0.5 Ashkenazi 21 N1303K 3 3 6 3.0 Unknown 4/144 4/56 8/200 4.0 AL. 75 and 81 mMol/L. Login to comment

PMID: 9259194 [PubMed] Friedman KJ et al: "Rapid characterization of the variable length polythymidine tract in the cystic fibrosis (CFTR) gene: association of the 5T allele with selected CFTR mutations and its incidence in atypical sinopulmonary disease."

No. Sentence Comment

3 Polythymidine alleles were identified for mutations either associated with a wide range of clinical phenotypes (R117H, R347P, G85E, D1152H, R334W, 2789+5 G>A, 3849+10kb C>T), and/or located at hypermutable CpG loci (R117H, 3849+10kb C>T, R553X, R334W, S945L and R75Q). Login to comment
37 We report the development of a rapid, nonisotopic assay that facilitates typing of this locus and utilize it to explore the role of the polythymidine tract alleles in thepathogenesisofCF.Mutationsassociatedwithclini- calheterogeneity(R347P,G85E,D1152H,R334W,and 3849 + 10kb C>T) and/or occurring at hypermutable loci (3849 + 10kb C>T, R334W, S945L, R553X, and R75Q) were analyzed for their association with different intron 8 alleles in CF and atypical patients. Login to comment
39 Mutation screening was performed for R553X (Cutting et al., 1990), R334W (Gasparini et al., 1991), G85E (Zielenski et al., 1991a), S945L (Claustres et al., 1993), 3849 + 10kb C>T (Highsmith et al., 1994), R117H and R347P (Dean et al., 1990), 2789+5G>A (Highsmith et al., 1997), D1152H (Highsmith, per. Login to comment
43 For R553X, G85E, S945L, 3849 + 10KB C>T, and R334W, the digested samples were electrophoresed at 100 V for 2 hr in 4% agarose gels (3:1 Nusieve: SeaKem, FMC Bioproducts, Rockland, ME). Login to comment
94 Association of Selected CFTR Mutations with Intron 8 Polythymidine Alleles Chromosomes In cis with In cis with In cis with Mutation Site CpG locus 5T 7T 9T R75Qa EXON 3 Y 0 8 0 G85E EXON 3 N 0 5 0 R117H EXON 4 Y 8 5 1 R334W EXON 7 Y 0 4 0 R347P EXON 7 N 0 7 0 R553X EXON 11 Y 0 7 0 2789+5 G>A INTRON 14B N 0 5 0 S945L EXON 15 Y 0 3 0 D1152H EXON 18 N 0 7 0 3849+10kb C>T INTRON 19 Y 0 15 2 a Sequence variant. Login to comment

PMID: 9101301 [PubMed] Clavel C et al: "Identification of four novel mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene: E664X, 2113delA, 306delTAGA, and delta M1140."

No. Sentence Comment

9 In this group, the a508 represents 66%, other common mutations, such as aI507, G542X, R553X, G551D), 1717-lGÃA, R1162X, W1282X, and N1303K, were screened by restriction enzyme assay and account for 11%. Login to comment
21 The affected 5-year-old child is a compound heterozygote R553X/ 306delTAGA. Login to comment

PMID: 9067754 [PubMed] Macek M Jr et al: "Sensitivity of the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technique in detection of known mutations and novel Asian mutations in the CFTR gene."

No. Sentence Comment

42 621 + 1 GÃT, R334W, R347P, A455E, aI507, aF508, 1717-1 GÃA, G542X, S549N, G551D, R553X, R560T, 3849 + 10kb CÃT, W1282X, and N1303K) was performed using the rapid multiplex reverse dot hybridization system, under conditions provided by Roche Molecular Systems (Alameda, CA) (Kawasaki et al., 1993; Welsh et al., 1995). Login to comment

PMID: 8947061 [PubMed] Hubert D et al: "Genotype-phenotype relationships in a cohort of adult cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

77 - Genotype of the 110 CF patients: details of the CF mutations and classification into four groups Genotype Genotype Pts groups n 1 ∆F508/∆F508 48* 2 ∆F508/G542X 6 ∆F508/E827X 3† ∆;F508/R553X 2 ∆F508/W1282X 2 ∆F508/E595X 1 ∆F508/E60X 1 ∆F508/W846X 1 ∆F508/1078delT 1 ∆F508/2143delT 1 ∆F508/2347delG 1 ∆F508/3659delC 1 ∆F508/4382delA 1 ∆F508/2183 AA→G 1 ∆F508/1717-1 G→A 1 ∆F508/1811+1.6 kb A→G 1 E595X/Y1092X 1 1717-1 G→A/1078delT 1 3 ∆F508/I336K 1 ∆F508/G27E 1 ∆F508/D192N 1 ∆F508//I980K 1 ∆F508/P205S 1 ∆F508/2789+5 G→A 1 ∆F508/3272-26 A→G 1 G542X/3849+10 kb C→T 2‡ G542X/2789+5 G→A 1 W361R/297-3 C→T 1 G551D/1717-1 G→A 1 N1303H/2183 AA→G 1 2789+5 G→A/2183 AA→G 1 R1070Q/D1152H 1 R1070Q/unidentified 1 S1251N/unidentified 1 4 ∆F508/unidentified 7 ∆I507/unidentified 2 1811+1.6 kb A→G/unidentified 1 1161delC/unidentified 1 unidentified/unidentified 8 *: two patients are brothers; †: three brothers; ‡: two sisters. Login to comment
116 In the latter study, most of the compound heterozygotes for ∆F508 were associated with another mutation (G542X, R553X, W1282X, 1717- 1G→A, 621+1G→T) that corresponded to Group 2. Login to comment

PMID: 8863168 [PubMed] Parad RB et al: "Heterogeneity of phenotype in two cystic fibrosis patients homozygous for the CFTR exon 11 mutation G551D."

No. Sentence Comment

10 R B Parad Received 27 December 1995 Revised version accepted for publication 15 March 1996 Methods Cheekbrush DNA for CFTR mutation analysis was collected and prepared according to Richards et al.1 CFTR mutation analysis was performed for 12 mutations (AF508, G551D, G542X, 621 + 1G->T, AI507, 1717-1G-4A, R117H, N1303K, W1282X, R560T, R553X, 3849 + 1Okb C-+T). Login to comment

PMID: 8659542 [PubMed] Miller PW et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis."

No. Sentence Comment

62 Mutation Analysis Genomic DNA samples from both patient groups were screened for six of the most common CF mutations-AF508, G542X, GS51D, R553X, W1282X, and N1303K-by using reverse allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) analysis (Erlich et al. 1991). Login to comment

PMID: 8967432 [PubMed] Zhang Y et al: "In vivo analysis of fluid transport in cystic fibrosis airway epithelia of bronchial xenografts."

No. Sentence Comment

77 Genotypes for CF tissues included l-AF50NAF508, l-AF508/ G542X, 2-AF508/unknown, l-R553X/unknown, and Reservoir (7oQN Fluid Apparatus Subcutaneous Buffer A graded scale Buffer B (mm) detachment detachment perfusion point 1 Pump subcutaneous Potential Difference Apparatus Fig. 2. Login to comment

PMID: 8644747 [PubMed] Witt DR et al: "Cystic fibrosis heterozygote screening in 5,161 pregnant women."

No. Sentence Comment

69 Lab group A was screened for the 6 most common mutations (F508, G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X, and N1303K); lab group B was screened for 12 mutations, including the 6 most common and an additional 6 less common alleles (R117H, 621+1, I507, 1717G-A, R560T, and S549N). Login to comment
142 Table 7 CFTR Mutations in Screened Women NUMBER (%) wITH MUTATIONa GROUP ETHNiciTY F508 G542X GS5lD R553X W1282X N1303K R117H 621+1 1507 1717G-A R560T S549N TOTAL A Caucasian 26 (81) 5 (16) 1 (3) NA NA NA NA NA NA 32 Hispanic 2 (100) NA NA NA NA NA NA 2 B Caucasian 63b (65) 4 (4) 2 (3) 1 (1) 2 (2) 4 (4) 16b (16) 4 (4) 1 (1) 97b Hispanic 7 (88) 1 (12) 8 Caucasian/ Hispanic 2 (50) 1 (25) 1 (25) 4 'NA = not applicable. Login to comment

PMID: 8617131 [PubMed] McGill JM et al: "Survey of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator genotypes in primary sclerosing cholangitis."

No. Sentence Comment

33 In total, 32 mutations were evaluated, which represent 90% of the most common mutations (t4): AF508 G542X G551D W1282X 3905insT NI303K 3849+ 10kbC--~T R553X 621+ IG--*T 1717- IG--,A lt)78delT 2789+5G---~A 3849+4A--~G 711+ IG---oT R1162X 1898+IG----~A R117H 3659delC G85E 2184delA A1507 R347P Y1092X R560T A455E R334W Y122X S549R(T---~G) Q493X V520F $549N R347H Patient Selection. Login to comment

PMID: 9238680 [PubMed] Scobie G et al: "Identification of the five most common cystic fibrosis mutations in single cells using a rapid and specific differential amplification system."

No. Sentence Comment

2 In the first round of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), regions of exons 4, 10 and 11 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene containing the mutations AF508, G551D, R553X, G542X and 621 + 1 O T were co-amplified in a single multiplex PCR. Login to comment
11 Although this mutation accounts for ~50-80% of cases (CF Genetic Analysis Consortium, 1990), depending on the population being studied, in the UK around 10% of the remainder present with one or two of the four other most common mutations, these being the G551D Gly-Asp, R553X Arg-Stop (Cutting et al, 1990), the G542X Gly-Stop (Kerem et al, 1990) and the G-T splice mutation 621 + 1 O T (the first intronic base in the splice donor site flanking the 3' end of exon 4) (Zielenski et al, 1991). Login to comment
22 Using this procedure, we have shown it is possible to genotype a single cell for any of the five most common mutations responsible for CF, which when used in parallel 621 + IOT AFSOS A B G551D0U53X) G542X Cystic fibrosis diagnosis in single cells 200 bp 4S 4AS S21 + 10 >T 10S 11S 10AS AFSOS 11 AS R553X QS51D L G54ZX Figure 2. Login to comment
24 Amu tabc A B AmpUOcatiM prtetn 621+1G>T AFSOS G551D(R553X) C342X 621+1G>T AFSOS G591D(R5S3X) GS41X normal Dormal mount mutant mutant mutant normaj Figure 1. Login to comment
36 CF cell lines Four lymphoblastoid cell lines with genotypes AF5O8/AF5O8, G542X/ G542X, G551D/R553X and 621+ l>G/AF508 were purchased from Coriell Cell Repositories (Camden, NJ, USA) and one cell line with genotype 621 + lG>T/normal was purchased from European Collection of Animal Cell Cultures (Porton Down, UK). Login to comment
54 Table I. Sequences of pnmary and secondary polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers including ARMS kit primers and their relevant uM concentrations (compared to a standard concentration of 0.86 nM per reaction) CFTR Exon Sequence Size (bp) Primary PCR primers Exon 4 Exon 10 Exon II HUMTH01 5'- CAAGTCTTATTTCAAAGTACCAAG 5'- CAGCTCACTACCTAATTTATGACA 5'- AAGTGAATCCTGAGCGTGATTTGATAATGA 5'- CACAGTAGCTTACCCATAGAGGAAACATAA 5'- TATTTAATGATCATTCATGACATTT 5'- TAAAGCAATAGAGAAATGTCTGTA 5'- ATTCAAAGGGTATCTGGGCTCTGG 5'- GTGGGCTGAAAAGCTCCCGATTAT 479 380 425 179-203 Mutation and sequence Size (bp) Tube Concentration Secondary PCR primers AF508 C: 5'- GACTTCACTTCTAATGATGATTATGGGAGA N: 5'- GTATCTATATTCATCATAGGAAACACCAC M: 5'- GTATCTATATTCATCATAGGAAACACCATT Exon II C: 5'- TAAAATTTCAGCAATGTTGTTTTTGACC G551D/R553X N: 5'- GCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCGTTGCC M: 5'- AGCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCGTTGCT G542X N: 5'- ACTCAGTGTGATTCCACCTTCTAC M: 5'- CACTCAGTGTGATTCCACCTTCTCA 621 + 1 O T C: 5'- TCACATATGGTATGACCCTCTATATAAACT N: 5'- TGCCATGGGGCCTGTGCAAGGAAGTATTCC M: 5'- TGCCATGGGGCCTGTGCAAGGAAGTATTCA HUMTHOI 5'- TGATTCCCATTGGCCTGTTCCTCC 5'- TGGCCCACACAGTCCCCTGTACAC 160 157 285 286 256 257 380 380 123-147 A/B A B A/B I A B A A/B A B 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 C = common primer, N = normal primer, M = mutant primer. Login to comment
56 Figure 3 shows the detection of individual AF508, G551D, R553X and G542X, 621 + 1 O T mutations using the CF ARMS kit after primary amplification of individual CFTR exons containing these mutations, and the corresponding fingerprint from the same cells (Figure 4). Login to comment
63 One drawback of using single exon 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 X 621+1G>T G551D/R553X G542X AF508 Figure 3. Login to comment
65 Tubes A and B for a normal genotype (lanes I and 2), then tubes A and B for the mutations: AF5O8/AF5O8 (lanes 3 and 4), 621 + lOT/normal (lanes 5 and 6), G551D/R553X (lanes 7 and 8), and G542X/G542X (lanes 9 and 10). Login to comment
69 Lanes 1-5 are cells containing the mutations AF508/AF508, 621 + lG>T/normal, G551D/R553X, G542X/G542X and 621 + 1OT/AF508 respectively. Login to comment
71 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 621+1G>T G551D/R553X G542X AF508 Figure 5. Login to comment
72 Detection of the same five mutations using a multiplex containing external primers for exons 4, 10 and 11, and subsequent genotyping using the ARMS kit Tubes A and B for a normal genotype (lanes 1 and 2), then tubes A and B for the mutations AF5O8/AF5O8 (lanes 3 and 4), 621+ lG>17normal (lanes 5 and 6), G551D/R553X (lanes 7 and 8), G542X/G542X (lanes 9 and 10) and 621 + 1OT/AF508 (lanes 11 and 12). Login to comment
81 Under the conditions used here the mutant and normal ARMS primers for the G551D mutation also detects the R553X mutation such that the G551D/R553X compound heterozygote is indistinguishable from a G551D homozygote (confirmed by sequencing). Login to comment
82 This is most likely due to the normal G551D ARMS primer, which is also destabilized at position-2 (Table I), incurring a mismatch at position-6 caused by the R553X C-T mutation, such that a PCR product is not observed with the B tube (wild type) and a diagnosis of homozygous G551D would be inferred. Login to comment
83 Since both parents would be typed for the CF mutations prior to preimplantation diagnosis, it would be possible to distinguish between homozygous G551D and compound G551D/R553X heterozygotes. Login to comment
86 The ARMS procedure used here has this advantage in that it is capable of detecting the 621 + 1 O T , AF508, G551D, R553X and the G542X mutations within 6-8 h from a single cell. Login to comment

PMID: 8956039 [PubMed] Hughes DJ et al: "Mutation characterization of CFTR gene in 206 Northern Irish CF families: thirty mutations, including two novel, account for approximately 94% of CF chromosomes."

No. Sentence Comment

45 Prior to the DGGE study a variety of methods (see Tables 1 and 2) were used to screen for CFTR mutations, including single mutation assaysfor AF508, AI507, G55lD, G542X, R553X, R117H, R560T, 621+lG>T, and 3849+10kbC>T. Login to comment
53 35%) PAGE (278) Kerem et al.. 1989AF508 G551D R117H R560T G542X 621+1G>T A1507 E60X 3659delC R553X 3120G>A 1l54insTC 2789+5G>A N1303K MlI(G>T) QW P67L 557delT 711+3A>G L206W R297Q V520F V562L Y563N Y917C R1162X 3849G>A 3849 +10kbC>T 3850-1GBA W1282X 280 21 17 12 9 9 7 3 2 1 68.0 5.1 4.1 2.9 2.2 2.2 1.7 0.7 0.5 0.24 17-32-13 (38;27%j 17-31-13(24,17%) 16-07-17 16-30-13 plus14 rare haplotypes (29) 16-07-17 23-33-13 (4) 22-31-13 (2) 21-31-13 17-07-17 (5) 16-31-13 16-35-13 17-58-13 17-35-13 16-07-17 17-07-17 23-29-13 (1) 23-31-13 (1) 16-07-17 16-31-13 16-07-17 15-29-13 16-33-13 16-07-17 17-07-17 16-07-17 16-07-17 16-30-13 16-32-17 17-31-13 16-31-14 16-46-13 16-30-14 17-07-17 DGGE(2) ' RD ASO's (11) DGGE(6) RD AR (8) DGGE (1) RD PAGE (5) DGGE (2) SEQ SEQ (2) DGGE (1) RD DGGE DGGE DGGE SEQ DGGE DGGE DGGE SEQ DGGE DGGE SEQ DGGE DGGE DGGE DGGE DGGE SEQ RD DGGE DGGE Cutting et al.. 1990 Dean et al.. 1990 Kerem et al., 1990 Kerem et al.. 1990 Zielenski et al., 1991 Kerem et al.. 1990 Malone et al., CFGAC Kerem et al., 1990 Cutting et al., 1990 Zielenski et al., CFGAC lannuzzi et al., 1991 Highsmith et al., 1990 Osborne et al., 1991 this study Savov et al., 1994 Hamosh et al., CFGAC Graham et al., 1992 Petreska et al., CFGAC Claustres et al., 1993 Graham et al., 1991 Jones et al.. 1992 this study Kerem et al.. 1990 Edkins & Creegan, CFGAC Gasparini et al., 1991 Cutting et al.. 1992 Highsmith et al., 1994 Audriizet et al., 1993 Vidaud et al., 1990 "Numbers in parentheses after the microsatellite haplotypes refer to the number of alleles haplotyped when not all of the available chromosomeswere typed. Login to comment
77 R553X, G542X. Login to comment
120 A commercially available reverse dotblot assay (Innogenetics) is presently used in our laboratory for routine screening of eight CF mutations, of which seven are found in this population; AF508, AI507, G551D, G542X, R553X, N1303K, and W1282X and account for 78% of CFTR defects with additional mutations R560T, 621+1G>T and Rl17H screened using individual assays. Login to comment

PMID: 8889582 [PubMed] Hughes D et al: "Fluorescent multiplex microsatellites used to define haplotypes associated with 75 CFTR mutations from the UK on 437 CF chromosomes."

No. Sentence Comment

52 Other common UK mutations were all associated with the one respective haplotype (Tables I, 2), except R553X and 1717-1G>A (see below). Login to comment
56 There were three haplotypes associated with R553X that differ by only three dinucleotides, where the repeat numbers are in the fifties, at the 17b TA locus. Login to comment
59 Assuming no significant difference in the ancestry of these mutations, the increasing instability of the intron 17b TA locus as the repeat number passes 50 might be expected to give rise to several related haplotypes for R553X. Login to comment
74 CF 8CA-17bTA-17bCA Mutation chromosomes % Normal Laboratoryb Reference' HaplotVpe 1)15-29-13 557delT Nl Graham et al.. 1992 21 16-07-17 MU (G>T) 3) 16-24-13 4) 16-25-13 5) 16-29-13 6) 16-30-13 7) 16-30-14 8) 16-31-13 9) 16-31-14 10) 16-32-13 12) 16-33-13 13) 16-34-13 14) 16-35-13 11)16-32-17 15)1645-13 16) 1646-13 17) 1646-14 19) 17-07-17 18)16-53-13 20)17-29-14 21) 17-31-13 22) 17-32-13 23) 17-35-13 24) 17-51-11 25) 17-55-13 27) 17-58-13 28) 21-31-13 29) 22-31-13 31)23-22-17 26) 17-56-13 30) 22-33-13 32) 23-29-13 33)23-31-13 34)23-32-13 35)23-33-13 36)23-34-13 37) 23-36-13 38)24-22-17 39) 24-31-13 182delT P67L R75X L206W 1154insTC 146linsAGAT Q493x V520F 1717-1G>A G551D R560T V562L R709X S1196X L1254X R1283M G85E 2184insA 711+lG>T 3495delA 4279insA SlOR L88S R117C R117H G178R 1717-1G>A Y563N W1098R G1123R 3850- 1G>A E6OX %%deIT 1138insG R34P 2183AA>G 2184delA R1158X 1078delT R1162X 3849G>A Q141W R347P Y917C G2iX 711+3A>G 441delA 3130de115 3659delC 1898+1G>A R709X 2711delT R1158X E92K 3849+lOkbC>T 2118delAACT 4048insCC 296+1 2 T S Q22OX R297Q A1507 2789+5G>A 3120+1G>A W128W 1811+lG>C AF508 E831X R116W AF508 W846X1 3120G>A R785X R553X R553X R553X 621+1G>T G542X G542X Y1182X N1303K AF508 G54W 3041delG 1525-1G>A N1303K G542X G542X G542X 394delTT R709X N1303K 1 1 1 2 1 1 4 2 3 4 2 26 8 1 1 1 1 1 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 19 1 2 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 7 4 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 4 Asian 1 2 1Asian 5 4 i Afro-Caribbean 5 1 42 (19%) 1 1 57 (26%) 1 2 1 1 1 2 12 2 11.4 0.4 4.9 16.3 1.1 3.8 1.9 10.6 2.3 1.5 2.3 1.5 2.7 4.5 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.4 1 2 1 7 1 1 1Asian 1 1.5 0.8 0.8 NI G NI, M M NI NI. Login to comment
83 G 23-31-13 2 NI,G 24-31-13 1 C R117H 16-30-13 19 16.3 NI.G, C 1717-1G>A 16-07-17 2 M, G 16-30-13 2 M, G R553X 17-55-13 1 M 17-56-13 1 C 17-58-13 1 0.4 NI 1898+1G>A 16-45-13 4 1.5 M E60X 0.2-0.5 16-31-13 7 3.8 NI.M G85E 16-24-13 8 M. G, C 1154insTC 16-07-17 4 NI, M, G A1507 17-07-17 5 4.5 NI R560T 16-07-17 8 N1 3659delC 16-35-13 7 2.3 NI. Login to comment

PMID: 8844213 [PubMed] Morral N et al: "Haplotype analysis of 94 cystic fibrosis mutations with seven polymorphic CFTR DNA markers."

No. Sentence Comment

85 Other haplotypes that were less commonon normal chromosomes(16-44-13, 16-35-13, 16-33-13, and 16-29-13)were each associatedwith only one CF mutation. Several mutations were associated with more than one haplotype apparentlyas the result of slippage at one of the microsatellites IVS8CA, IVS17BTA, and IVS17BCA: AF508, G542X, N1303K, R553X, Q552X, 2869insG, L1077P, 7H, and R1162X (Table 3). Login to comment
106 (1992) Dork et al. (1994a) Malone et al. (personal communication) Claustreset al. (1992) Ferec et al. (1992) Fanen et al. (1992) lvaschenko et al. (1991) T. Dork (personal communication) Dean et al. (1990) Dork et al. (1994a) Ferec et al. (1992) Bozon et al. (1994) Costes et al. (personal communication) Fanen et al. (1992) Audrezet et al. (personal communication) Zielenski et al. (1991a) Zielenski et al. (1991a) Granell et al. (1992) Highsmith et al. (1990) Mercier et al. (1993b) Vidaud et al. (1990) Fanen et al. (1992) Fanen et al. (1992) Dork et al. (1994b) (continued) HAPLOTYPESFOR 94 CF MUTATIONS TABLE2. CFTR HaplotvpesforDiallelic and Multiallelic DNA Markers for 94 CF Mutations"(Continued) ~~ ~ J44-GAIT- 8CA-17BTA- No. of TSU-TUB20 17BCA Mutation chromosomes % Normal Laboratory Reference 1-6-1-2 (9.1%) 1-6-2-2 (8.9%) 1-7-1-2 (3.4%) 1-7-2-2 (2.6%) 2-7-1-1 (1.2%) 2-7-2-2 (0.7%) 17-7-16 16-7-18 16-7-17 15-7-17 24-31-13 23-52-13 23-34-13 23-33-14 23-33-13 23-32-13 23-31-13 23-30-13 23-21-19 23-18-13 22-35-13 22-31-13 22-30-13 21-31-13 19-33-13 18-45-13 18-37-13 18-35-13 17-57-11 17-55-13 17-55-11 17-54-11 17-53-11 17-52-11 17-51-11 17-33-13 16-46-13 16-45-13 16-44-13 16-42-13 16-35-13 16-30-13 16-30-13 16-7-17 16-21-19 L107% L1077P 24ldelAT L719X A1507 3849+10kbC-T 2184insA 2991de132 G551D 1154insTC V520F R560T 4114ATA+lT 3667de14 435insA Q414X C225R Q39X N1303K R1162X H199Y G542X G542X w1204x R347H G542X AF50gb N1303K 2143delT 3849f 10kbC-T N1303K 681delC R347H A455E N1303K A120T 621+1 h T 574delA 1221delCT F311L R560K R553X R533X R553X Q552X R553X Q552X R116W R553X 1898+5 h T 3272-26A-G 1717-1hA 1342-2A-C A1507 2869insG 2869insG E92X 4374+1 h T 2183AA-G R117H 1609delCA I336K W1063X 1 1 1 1 6 1 3 1 1 22 17 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 17 1 1 4 157 7 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 3 1 1 1 4 2 4 1 1 - - 10.33 1.45 - - 0.48 1.45 - 0.24 1.45 0.24 - - - - 0.24 0.48 - - - - - - 0.49 0.48 - 0.24 0.24 0.24 - - - - - 0.72 0.24 0.72 - t h fP h b.fb,fP h b,fp.t t h b.fb.fp,h,t b.fb.fp,h,t t t t h b h h fP h fP fb b fP b.fb,fP,h.t fP fb b,fP,t b.fb,fp,h,t b.fb,h h h h,t t fb t b b b.fb.t fP fb fb tb h fP h h t t b h t h b b h h b,fb,h fP.h b h fP fP Bozon et al. (1994) Fanen et al. (1992) Dork et al. (1994a) Kerem et al. (1990) Dork et al. (1994~) Cutting et al. (1990) Kerem et al. (1990) lannuui et d. Login to comment
136 Other mutations with relative frequency of less than 0.7% are associated with more than one haplotype that should be the result of slippage at one or several microsatellite repeats (R553X, R334W, 1811+1.6kbA-+G, 711 + lG+T, Q552X, 2869insG, L1077P, R347H, and R1162X). Login to comment

PMID: 8829658 [PubMed] Cronin MT et al: "Cystic fibrosis mutation detection by hybridization to light-generated DNA probe arrays."

No. Sentence Comment

80 Following cleavage from the synthesis support and deprotection, the labeled oligonucleotides were purified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC).. Primary Sample Characterization A homozygous R553X mutant hybridization target was generated by constructing exon 11 as two long oligonucleotides, one with the R553X mutant sequence, with an overlap at their 3` ends. Login to comment
112 Hybridization targets were prepared from normal human genomic DNA and from a synthetic, homozygous R553X exon 11 mutant generated by PCR. Login to comment
113 The C+T base substitution characteristic of the R553X mutation is clearly evident in comparing the wild-type and mutant target hybridization images shown in Figure 2A,B. Login to comment
123 Figure 3E3-D show typical results from hybridizing oligonucleotide targets complementary to the wild-type or mutant sequence or an equal mixture of both to the specialized probe array specific for the exon ll R553X (C+T) point mutation. Login to comment
145 The arrow in the third row indicates the R553X C+T mutation position. Login to comment
147 B:Image of the CFTR exon 11tiled array hybridized with a hornozygous R553X target. Login to comment
156 A: Diagram of the R553X mutation specific DNA probe set. Login to comment
238 Cystic Fibrosis Mutation-Specific DNA Probe Array" Mutation Exon and column Tested Subarrayhow G85E R117H I148T 621 -+ l(G+T) 711 + 1(G+T) R334W R347H R347P 1078 delT A455E G480C Q493X A1507 F508C AF508 V520F G542X S549R(T-+ G) G551D Q552X R553X A559T R560T 1898 + l(G-,A) 2184 del A 2789 + 5(G+ A) R1066C L1077P Y1092X R1162X 3659 del C 1717-1(& A) 3272 - 26(A+ G) 3 4 4 in 4 in 5 7 7 7 7 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 in 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 in 12 13 in 14b in 17a 17b 17b 17b 19 19 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3849 + lOkb C-, T in 19 9,3 W1282X 20 994 3905insT 20 10.1 * N1303K 21 10,2 * * * "Row and column locations for each of the mutation specific,40 probe sets included in the specialized probe array design. Login to comment
248 Results From Unknown Patient Sample CFTR Genotyping" Sample CHO 1 CHO 2 CHO 3 CHO 4 CHO 5 CHO 6 CHO 7 CHO 8 CHO 9 CHO 10 Exon 10 genotype Wild-type AF508 Wild-type Wild-type AF508 Wild-type Wild-type AF508 Wild-type Wild-type Exon 11genotype Wild-type G542X Wild-Type Wild-Type G551D R553X G542X R553X G542WG551D Wild-type "Results summary from blind analysis of ten patient samples for CFTR exon 10and 11 mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 8723695 [PubMed] Bienvenu T et al: "Identification of three novel mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene in Argentinian CF patients."

No. Sentence Comment

42 In addition, none of the most common CF mutations (G542X, G551D, W1282X, N1303K, R553X, 1717-1G>A, R1162X, 81507) were present in this series. Login to comment

PMID: 8803789 [PubMed] Nemeth K et al: "Analysis of five CFTR mutations in Hungarian cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

5 Budapest; 3Children's Hospital Helm Pill, Budapest, Hungary *Correspondence Four hundred and fifty-eight cystic fibrosis (CF; McKusick 219700) patients, aged 6 months to 19 years old were screened for mutations AF508, G542X, G551D, R553X and N1303K. Login to comment
14 Mutation G542X was identified in 14 (3.0%), mutation R553X in 6 probands (1.3%); 7 patients (1.5%) were heterozygous for mutation N1303K. Login to comment

PMID: 21374513 [PubMed] Schwarz M et al: "Methods for screening in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

35 106), for exons5,8, and 18by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), for exons 3 and 7 by single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP), for W1282X and N1303K by AS0 hybridization to dot-blots (Table 4, p. 106), and for R553X by restriction endonuclease digestion of PCR products. Login to comment
36 Becauseof the simplicity of detection of changeswhich alter restriction endonucleaserecognition sequences(Table 5, p. 107), anumber of diagnostic laboratories chooseto testfor thesemutations (e.g., R553X, R560T) at an early stage.This may be followed by further SSCPand DGGE analysis, and ultimately DNA sequencing exon by exon. Login to comment
42 Screening in Cystic Fibrosis 107 Table 5 CF Mutations Detectable by Restriction Endonuclease (RE) Digestion of PCR Products Mutation PCR primers0 RE RE digestion product sizes, bpbJ Normal Mutant G85E 621+ 1 (G`V 1154insTC R334W R347P G551D R553X R560T S549N 3849+ IOkb CC ` T) W1282X 3i5 and 313 4i5 and 4i3 Hinff MseI 105 + 204 33,35,71, 118, 181 7i5 and 7i3 MspI, RsaI 50,68,74 + 21V 715 and 7i3 MspI 192 + 218 7i5 and 7i3 CfoI 151+ 259 1li5 and 1113 Mb01 425 1115 and lli3 HzncII 186 + 239 lli5 and lli3 Mae11 425 lli5 and lli3 DdeI 13, 174 + 238 i19F and i19R HphI 88 + 349 2Oi5 and 2Oi3 Mnfl 185 + 288 309 33,35,54,71, 118, 127 50,68,76 + 21gc 410 410 182+243 425 215 + 210 13 + 412 88,127 + 222 473 'See Table 2 bThe expected digestion product sizes for both normal and mutant sequences are shown CTheseproducts may be d1stmgmshedby PAGE 1.2.3. Login to comment

PMID: 8825927 [PubMed] Cashman SM et al: "The Irish cystic fibrosis database."

No. Sentence Comment

39 Care Table 2 Haplotypes associated with the most common CF mutations in Ireland, as well as with Irish CF chromosomes with unidentified mutations and non-CF chromosomes Mutation NmlNcf % X/Kt Mt Microsatellite§ No chrsll AF508 367/506 72-5 A 1 See table 3 2 B 2 116 C - 0 D 2 2 G551D 35/506 6-9 B 2 16-7-17 20 R117H 10/506 2-0 C 1 16-30-13 5 C 1 16-31-13 1 G542X 5/506 1-0 B 2 17-32-13 2 621 + 1G-T 4/506 0-8 B 2 21-7-17 2 B 2 21-31-13 2 R560T 4/506 0-8 D 2 16-7-17 1 D 2 16-31-17 1 1717-1G-A 3/506 0-6 C 1 16-32-13 2 A 2 17-32-13 1 N1303K 2/506 0-4 B 2 23-29-13 2 3659delC 2/506 0-4 C 1 16-35-13 2 AI507 2/506 0-4 ND ND R352Q 1/506 0-2 C 1 16-31-13 1 R553X 0/506 0 0 ND ND 1078delT 0/506 0.0 ND ND Total identified 435/506 85-6 Unidentified 71/506 14-4 A 1 See table 3 3 A 2 5 B 2 17 C 1 5 D 2 8 Normal A 1 See table 3 16 A 2 1 B 2 3 C 1 13 C 2 1 D 2 2 * Nm = number of chromosomes bearing the mutation. Login to comment
38 Care Table 2 Haplotypes associated with the most common CF mutations in Ireland, as well as with Irish CF chromosomes with unidentified mutations and non-CF chromosomes Mutation NmlNcf % X/Kt Mt Microsatellite&#a7; No chrsll AF508 367/506 72-5 A 1 See table 3 2 B 2 116 C - 0 D 2 2 G551D 35/506 6-9 B 2 16-7-17 20 R117H 10/506 2-0 C 1 16-30-13 5 C 1 16-31-13 1 G542X 5/506 1-0 B 2 17-32-13 2 621 + 1G-T 4/506 0-8 B 2 21-7-17 2 B 2 21-31-13 2 R560T 4/506 0-8 D 2 16-7-17 1 D 2 16-31-17 1 1717-1G-A 3/506 0-6 C 1 16-32-13 2 A 2 17-32-13 1 N1303K 2/506 0-4 B 2 23-29-13 2 3659delC 2/506 0-4 C 1 16-35-13 2 AI507 2/506 0-4 ND ND R352Q 1/506 0-2 C 1 16-31-13 1 R553X 0/506 0 0 ND ND 1078delT 0/506 0.0 ND ND Total identified 435/506 85-6 Unidentified 71/506 14-4 A 1 See table 3 3 A 2 5 B 2 17 C 1 5 D 2 8 Normal A 1 See table 3 16 A 2 1 B 2 3 C 1 13 C 2 1 D 2 2 * Nm = number of chromosomes bearing the mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 8553305 [PubMed] Gan KH et al: "Genetic and clinical features of patients with cystic fibrosis diagnosed after the age of 16 years."

No. Sentence Comment

41 DNA was analysed for the following mutations: E60X, R117H, A455E, AI507, AF508, G542X, S549N, G550X, G551D, R553X, R560T, R1162X, S1251N, W1282X, N1303K, 621 + 1G-+T, 1717-1G--+A. These mutations represent 80% ofthe expected cystic fibrosis mutations in The Netherlands. Login to comment
65 Table 3 CFTR mutations in 278 chromosomes of adult cystic fibrosis patients Early diagnosis Late diagnosis (n= 118) (n=25) n % n % AF508s 175 74-2 18 36-0 A455Em 12 5-1 14 28-0 1717-15 6 2-5 1 2-0 G542X' 4 1-7 - W1282X1 3 1-3 - R553X' 1 04 1 2-0 S1251N 2 0-8 - N1303K' 1 0 4 - E60X 1 0-4 3 6-0 Not identified 31 13-2 13 26-0 Total 236 50 Mutations not found: RI 17H, AI507, S549N, G550X, G551D, R560T, R1162X, 621+1G-+T. Login to comment

PMID: 7472820 [PubMed] Wilschanski M et al: "Correlation of sweat chloride concentration with classes of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

43 Defined mutations (each mutation cited in references 8, 23, and 24; numerals in parentheses indicate number of patients): Nonsense mutations-----class I: Frameshift mutations---class I: Splice site mutations-class I: Missense mutations---class HI: Missense mutations---class IV: Partially defective processing---class V: Alternative spficing-----classV: R1162X (3), Y1092X (3), G542X (21), Q552X (2), Q493X (2), w1282x (2), E1104X (1), R553X (6), E585X (l), (all PI) 3659delC (5), 2184delA (4), 4010de14 (1), 556delA (1), 3002delG (1) 3905insT (1), 4016insT (3), 1154insTC (l), 441delA (1), 2184insA (2), 1078delT (1), 4326delTC (3) (all PI) I717-1G--~A (4), 621+lG--*T (10), 711+IG--~T (3), 875+1G-+C (2), 3120+IG-~A (1) (18 PI, 2 PS) G551D (25), N1303K (7), R560T (8), I148T (1), G85E (3), A559T (1), L1077P (2), T1234V (1), (47 PI, 1 PS) R117H (10), R347H (3), R347P (1), D614G (1), S1251N (2), (all PS) P574H (2), A455E (2), (all PS) 3272-26A-+G (4), 3849+10KbC---~T (2), 3120G-+A (1), (all PS) analysis, we further grouped the patients according to the molecular consequences conferred by the CFTR alleles. Login to comment
109 More recently, a multicenter study reported no significant differences in sweat chloride levels in 79 compound heterozygotes carrying the mutations G55ID with AF508 (class III), in comparison with those homozygous for AF508.21 In addition, no significantdifferences in sweat chloride values could be detected between those who were homozygous for AF508 and those who had other common "severe" mutations, including the nonsense mutations (G542X, R553X, and W1282X), missense mutation (N1303K), and splice site mutations (621 + 1G--->Tand 1717 - 1G--~A).22 In the latter study there was a significant difference in sweat chloride concentration between a group heterozygous for the mild missense mutation (AF508/R117H) and the reference group (AF508/AF508).22 These data were limited by the range of mutations and were defined by genotype rather than functional class, but the results are in complete agreement with the findings of the present study. Login to comment

PMID: 7573058 [PubMed] Zielenski J et al: "CFTR gene variant for patients with congenital absence of vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

21 More recently, CFTR alleles Letters to the Editor Table I CFTR Mutations Detected in the CBAVD Patients Number of Percentage Genotype Patients of Total AF508 IVS8/ST 16 W1282X IVS8/5T 9 AF508 R117H(7T) 4 N1303K IVS8/5T 2 IVS8/ST IVS8/5T 2 AF508 R117C 1 AF508 D1152H 1............ 1 58.6 AF508 S50Y 1 R553X R117H(7T) 1 R117H(7T) R117H(7T) 1 G542X IVS8/5T 1 1717-1G-+A IVS8/ST 1 1525-1G-A IVS8/5T 1 IVS8/5T Unknown 4 AF508 Unknown 4. Login to comment
22 W1282X Unknown 2 R553X Unknown ............ 20.0 4173delC Unknown1 1 D614G Unknown 1 1716+12T- C Unknown 1 J Unknown Unknown ............ .15 21.4 NOTE.-The known CFTR mutations screened included AF508, G542X, GSS1D, N1303K, R553X, W1282X, AI507, 1717-1G-A, R560T, S549N, 621+1G--T, and R117H. Login to comment

PMID: 7551394 [PubMed] Friedman KJ et al: "Screening Young syndrome patients for CFTR mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

78 Of the 13 Young syndrome patients, we identified one (Patient 5) who was het- CBAVD Dl152H D1270N G576A* R75Q* P67L Rl17H 3849 + 10 KB C > T G551S Rl17H Pancreatic Sufficient, Moderate Pulmonary Symptoms, Normal Sweat Chloride Concentrations Pancreatic Sufficient, Moderate Pulmonary Symptoms R347P 2789 + 5 G > A R334W G85E R347H R347L Rl17H G91R A455E S945L Y563N Q1291H R297Q R352Q L1065P 3850-3 T > G F1286S 3849 + 10 KB C > T TABLE 1 CFTR MUTATION SCREENING PANEL Severe M508 G551D R553X N1303K W1282X G542X 1717-1 G > A ~1507 R560T 3659deiC 621 + 1 G > T S549N TABLE 2 CLINICAL FEATURES OF YOUNG SYNDROME PATIENTS Patient Age Sweat CI- FEV, Paranasal Sputum No. Login to comment

PMID: 7544320 [PubMed] Kanavakis E et al: "Mutation analysis of ten exons of the CFTR gene in Greek cystic fibrosis patients: characterization of 74.5% of CF alleles including one novel mutation."

No. Sentence Comment

26 (ASO allele-specific hybridization, DGGE denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, Seq direct genomic sequencing) Mutation Method Number of Percentage positive alleles AF 508 621+lG---~T G542X N1303K Rll7H R334W 574delA 3272-26A---~G R1158X 1677delTA R1070Q G551D G 1244V R553X 444delA 3849+4A---)G 457-TAT--)G 4010delTATT 4040delA W361R 3272-4A--)Ga Known Unknown Total number alleles ASO, DGGE ASO, DGGE ASO, DGGE ASO, DGGE DGGE, Seq DGGE, Seq DGGE, Seq DGGE, Seq DGGE, Seq DGGE DGGE, Seq ASO, DGGE DGGE, Sec DGGE, Sec DGGE, Sec DGGE, Sec DGGE, Sec DGGE, Sec DGGE, Sec DGGE, Sec DGGE, Sec 194 52.7 17 4.6 16 4.3 14 3.8 4 1.1 4 1.1 3 0.8 3 0.8 3 0.8 3 0.8 2 0.5 2 0.5 1 0.3 1 O.3 1 0.3 1 0.3 1 0.3 1 0.3 1 0.3 1 0.3 1 0.3 274 74.5% 94 25.5% 368 aNovel mRNA splicing mutations Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Greek Ministry of Health, the Hellenic Cystic Fibrosis Association and the Bodosakis Foundation. Login to comment

PMID: 7539891 [PubMed] Gan KH et al: "A cystic fibrosis mutation associated with mild lung disease."

No. Sentence Comment

34 Among the patients screened, 151 were found to be homozygous for the ⌬F508 mutation and 39 were found to have compound heterozygosity for the A455E mutation. Login to comment
35 In the A455E compound heterozygotes, the following mutations were found on the other allele: ⌬F508 (27 patients), 1717-1G→A (4 patients), E60X (4 patients), G542X (2 patients), R553X (1 patient), and an unknown mutation (1 patient). Login to comment
69 †The following genotypes were identified: A455E/⌬F508 (25 patients), A455E/E60X (4), A455E/G542X (2), A455E/R553X (1), and A455E/1717-1G→A (1). Login to comment
70 ߤThe following genotypes were identified: A455E/F508 (25 patients), A455E/E60X (4), A455E/G542X (2), A455E/R553X (1), and A455E/1717-1G࢐A (1). Login to comment

PMID: 7562966 [PubMed] Balnaves ME et al: "The impact of newborn screening on cystic fibrosis testing in Victoria, Australia."

No. Sentence Comment

121 Three hundred and fifty six people (to 30.9.93) have been tested for AF508 and three exon 11 mutations: G542X, G551D, and R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 7539342 [PubMed] Jezequel P et al: "Structural analysis of CFTR gene in congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

46 SF508/ SF508 SF508 / N1303K AF508/ G551D SF508 / 3272-26G--*A SF508 / 1078 delT F508/Y1092X SF508 / Ai507 F5O8 / G542X SF508 / 621+1G-T F508 / 3898 insC SF508 / 574 delA AF508 / G85E SF508 / W1282X N1303K/F311L G551D/F311L R553X I? Login to comment
47 N1303K/? Login to comment

PMID: 7540587 [PubMed] Bienvenu T et al: "Three novel sequence variations in the 5' upstream region of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene: two polymorphisms and one putative molecular defect."

No. Sentence Comment

20 Materials and methods Patients Some 29 CF patients (19 AF508/X, 1 1717-1G->A/X, 1 GI061R/X, 1 R553X/X, 1 R334W/X and 6 X/X; X = unidentified mutation), 10 men with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (3 AF508/X, 1 N1303K/X, 1 SI235R/X, 1Q1291R/X and4 X/X) and I6 subjects with chronic pulmonary disease suggestive of CF (1 AF508/X, 1 I148T/X and 14 X/X) were included in this study. Login to comment

PMID: 7739684 [PubMed] Chillon M et al: "Mutations in the cystic fibrosis gene in patients with congenital absence of the vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

74 OF PATIENTS POLYT GENOTYPE† ⌬F508/R668C ⌬F508/D1152H ⌬F508/D1270N ⌬F508/R75L ⌬F508/R117H ⌬F508/L206W ⌬F508/R258G ⌬F508/S1235R ⌬F508/R347H ⌬;F508/R347H R117H/G1349D R117H/712-1G→T G149R/R668C R347H/R1066H R553X/R668C R1070W/2869insG ⌬F508/- G542X/- W1282X/- R334W/- K1060T/- R1162X/- N1303K/- A800G/- ⌬F508/- ⌬F508/- ⌬F508/- ⌬E115/- R117H/- R347H/- G542X/- R553X/- 1677delTA/- 2184delA/- 2789ϩ5G→Α/- S1235R/- W1282X/- -/- -/- -/- -/- 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 22 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 19 9T/7T 9T/7T 9T/7T 9T/7T 9T/7T 9T/9T 9T/7T 9T/7T 9T/7T 9T/9T 7T/7T 7T/9T 9T/7T 9T/7T 7T/7T 7T/7T 9T/5T 9T/5T 7T/5T 7T/5T 7T/5T 7T/5T 9T/5T 5T/5T 9T/7T 9T/9T 7T/7T 7T/7T 7T/7T 9T/7T 9T/7T 7T/7T 7T/7T 7T/7T 7T/7T 7T/9T 7T/7T 9T/5T 7T/5T 5T/5T 7T/7T -/- 3 7T/9T *Data were obtained from the Spanish population analyzed in this study. Login to comment

PMID: 7578402 [PubMed] Crystal RG et al: "Evaluation of repeat administration of a replication deficient, recombinant adenovirus containing the normal cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator cDNA to the airways of individuals with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

116 "NuU" mutations, including frameshift, nonsense, and splicing mutations, have been found in compound heterozygotes [e.g., G542X/S1255X or R553X/W1316X]. Login to comment

PMID: 7539244 [PubMed] Tanner MS et al: "Liver disease in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

141 Genotype analysis for delta F508, G551D and R553X mutations in children and young adults with cystic fibrosis with and without chronic liver disease. Login to comment
143 Genotype analysis for delta F508, G551D and R553X mutations in children and young adults with cystic fibrosis with and without chronic liver disease. Login to comment

PMID: 7535745 [PubMed] Hughes D et al: "Fluorescent multiplex microsatellites used to identify haplotype associations with 15 CFTR mutations in 124 Northern Irish CF families."

No. Sentence Comment

25 Nine haplotypes having specific CF mutations are not present in normal chromosomes Mutation Alleles tested (%) AF508 41 (34.2) 32 (26.7) 22 (18.3) G551D 16 R560T 08 621 + 1G > T 08 Rll7H 05 G542X 03 02 E60X 02 M507 02 R297Q 01 R553X 01 3849 G > A 01 N1303K 01 3659delC 01 557delT 01 Q2X 01 Frequency Haplotype of mutation in % 8AC 17AT 17AC 463 % in normal chromosomes 58.0 23 31 13 - 17 32 13 01 17 31 13 - 4.0 16 07 17 03 2.5 16 07 17 03 1.7 21 31 13 - 2.1 16 30 13 16 1.7 23 33 13 01 22 31 13 - 0.6 16 31 13 03 0.8 17 07 17 08 0.2 17 07 17 08 0.2 17 58 13 - 0.2 16 31 14 - 0.4 23 31 13 - 0.2 16 35 13 03 0.2 15 29 13 - 0.2 23 34 13 01 Table 2 Frequent haplotypes generated from normal and uncharacterised CF chromosomes in N. Ireland. Login to comment

PMID: 7535742 [PubMed] Bonizzato A et al: "Analysis of the complete coding region of the CFTR gene in a cohort of CF patients from north-eastern Italy: identification of 90% of the mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

35 Table 1 CF mutations identified in this cohort study (225 chromosomes from Veneto and Trentino Alto-Adige) n Number of CF chromosomes, Cum fi cumulative fraction, wnovel mutation identified during this study " Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium, personal comunication Table 2 DNA sequence variations identified in this cohort study (w Novel sequence variation identified during this study a Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium, personal comunication Mutation Exon n % Cure fr References AF508 l0 107 47.56 47.56 Kerem et al. 1989 R1162X 19 22 9.78 57.33 Gasparini et al. 1991 2183AA----~G 13 21 9.33 66.67 Bozon et al. 1994 N1303K 21 9 4.00 70.67 Osborne et al. t991 G542X 11 6 2.67 73.33 Kerem et al. 1990 711+5G--~A intron 5 6 2.67 76.00 w 1717 1G--~A intron 10 5 2.22 78.22 Kerem et al. 1990 G85E 3 3 1.33 79.56 Zielenski et al. 1991~' R553X 11 3 1.33 80.89 Cutting et al. 1990 2789+5G--~A intron 14b 3 1.33 82.22 Highsmith* Q552X 11 3 1.33 83.56 Devoto et al. 1991 621+lG---~T intron 4 2 0.89 84.44 Zielenski et al. 1991b W1282X 20 2 0.89 85.33 Vidaud et al. 1990 3132delTG 17a 2 0.89 86.22 w 2790-2A---~G intron 14b 2 0.89 87.11 w 457TAT--)G 4 1 0.44 87.56 Ravnik-Glavac et al. 1993 R347P 7 1 0.44 88.00 Dean et al. 1990 G551D 11 .1 0.44 88.44 Cutting et al. 1990 1717-8G-+A intron 10 1 0.44 88.89 Savov et al. 1994 3849+ 10KbC--)T intron 19 1 0.44 89.33 Highsmith* R709X 13 1 0.44 89.78 w 1898+3A---~G intron 12 1 0.44 90.22 Cremonesi et al. 1992 Identified 203 90.22 Unidentified 22 9.78 Variatioh Exon References 1540 A orG Met or Val at 470 10 Kerem et al. 1990 1898+152 T or A intron 12 Chillon et al. 1991 2134 C or T Arg or Cys at 668 13 Fanen et al. 1992 2694 T or G No change Thr at 854 14a Zielenski et al. 199 lb 2752-22 A or G intron 14a w 3601-65 C or A intron 18 Dork et al. 199l 4029 A or G No change Thr at 1299 21 Fanen et al. 1992 4404 C or T No change Tyr at 1424 24 ShoshanP 711 +5G--+A This mutation was found in the splice donor site flanking the 3' end of exon 5. Login to comment
51 Genotypes were identified in six of them and were AF508/1898+3AG, R 1162X/ R347E AF508/2789 + 5G-~A, AFS08/R709X, 1717-1G--~ A/3849 + 10KbC-~T and R553X/2789 + 5G-~A. Login to comment

PMID: 7543317 [PubMed] Pignatti PF et al: "Increased incidence of cystic fibrosis gene mutations in adults with disseminated bronchiectasis."

No. Sentence Comment

25 RESULTS Common CF mutations All the study subjects were initially typed with respect to some CFTR mutations known to be present in CF patients in the North East Italian population: AF508, R1162X, 2183AA->G, NI303K, G542X, 711 + 5G->A, 1717-1 G^>A, 1717-8G->A, G85E, R553X, 2789 + 5 G->A, Q552X, 621 + 1 G->T, W1282X, 3132delTG, 2790-2A->G, 457 TAT->G, R347P, G551D, 1898 + 3A->G and 3849 + 10 kbC^T. Login to comment
31 List of CFTR gene mutations and DNA polymorphisms screened Mutations R75Q/X/L, G85E, 394deITT 457TAT->G, R117H 621 + 1G->T 711 + 5G->A L206W 875 + 40 A->G 936 del TA 1001 + 11C->T R334W, R347 P/H/L, 1154insTC A455E, V456F DF5O8 1717-IG->A, 1717-8G->A G542X, G551D, Q552X, R553X P574H 1898 + 3A->G 2183 AA->G, 2184delA, R709X D836Y, 2694 T/G 2752-22 A/G 2789 + 5 G->A, 2790-2 A-»G Q890X 3041-71 G/C 3132delTG 3271 + 18 C-»T, 3272-26 A->G H1054D, G1061R, R1066C/H, A1067T, H1085R, Y1092X, 3320 ins5 D1152H R1162X, 3667ins4, 3737delA, 11234V 3849 + 10 kb C-»T, 3850-1 G-»A SI25IN, S1255P, 3905insT, 3898insC, D127ON, W1282X, R1283M, 4002 A/G 4005 + 1 G-»A N1303 K/H, 4029 A/G D1377H Q1411 X 4404 C/T, 4521 G/A Location e 3 e 4 i 4 i 5 e 6a i 6a e 6b i 6b e 7 e 9 e 10 i 10 e 11 e 12 i 12 e 13 e 14a i 14a i 14b e 15 i 15 e 17a i 17a e 17b e 18 e 19 i 19 e 20 i 20 e2l e 22 e 23 e24 Listing is in order of location along the CFTR gene, e = exon; i = intron. Login to comment
124 Reverse dot blot analysis was used for detecting the following mutations: A F508, G542X, G55ID, R553X, R1162X, W1282X, N1303K (Roche Molecular Systems, kindly provided by Dr R.Saiki). Login to comment

PMID: 7532152 [PubMed] Artlich A et al: "Common CFTR mutations are not likely to predispose to chronic bronchitis in northern Germany."

No. Sentence Comment

2 R553X, G542X, G551D, N1303K and 621 + 1G--->T were not detected. Login to comment
10 We have analyzed CF carrier frequency and the frequency of the more common CFTR mutations AF508, R553X, G551D, G542D, G542X, N1303K and 621 + 1G--+T by examination of 100 patients with chronic bronchitis. Login to comment
20 Sequences from exons 4, 10, l l and 21 were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) according to the published protocols in order to search for mutations AF508, G542X, R553X, G551D, N1303K and 621 +IG---~T (Rommens et al. 1990; Cutting et al. 1990; Kerem et al. 1990;Osborne et al. 1991; Zielenski et al. 1991). Login to comment
23 The same product has a HinclI site destroyed by G551D and R553X, differentiated by subsequent Mbol digestion. Login to comment

PMID: 7539080 [PubMed] Cheadle JP et al: "Two CF patients, one homozygous for the 621 + 1G > T splice mutation, the other homozygous for the 1898 + 1G > A splice mutation."

No. Sentence Comment

5 To date, investigators have described homozygotes for G542X,2 R553X,3 G85E,4 S549N,5 Rl17H,6 2184delA,7 R1162X,8 and W128X.9 We report here two patients, one homozygous for 621 + 1G>T, the other homozygous for 1898 + 1G>A. Login to comment
34 Mildpulmonary disease in a cystic fibrosis child homozygous for R553X.JMed Genet 1992;29: 597. Login to comment

PMID: 7529962 [PubMed] Mercier B et al: "Is congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens a primary form of cystic fibrosis? Analyses of the CFTR gene in 67 patients."

No. Sentence Comment

63 We identified 28 AF508, 5 W1282X, 1 G542X, 1 R553X, and 2 N1303K mutations. Login to comment
77 of Patients Genotypea 1 AF508 + (G628R + S1235R) 1 AF508 + (R74W + D1270N) 2 AF508 + R668C 4 AF508 + R117H 1 AF508 + R258G 1 AF508 + R75L 1 E193K + N1303K 1 R347H + R1066H 1 R117C + W1282X 1 R553X + R668C 1 G149R + R668C 1 R117H+R117H 18 AF508/unidentified 4 W1282X/unidentified 1 G542X/unidentified 1 N1303K/unidentified 1 S1235R/unidentified 1 R347H/unidentified 1 A800G/unidentified 1 F1052V/unidentified 23 unidentified/unidentified a In parentheses are the two mutations located on the same haplotype. Login to comment

PMID: 8825494 [PubMed] Zielenski J et al: "Cystic fibrosis: genotypic and phenotypic variations."

No. Sentence Comment

551 FIBROSIS Table 1 Most common CFTR mutations in the world Name of Mutation �F508 0542X 0551D NI303K WI282X R553X 621 + 10 � T 1717-10 � A RI17H R1162X R347P 3849 + IOkbC � T �1507 394delTT 085E R560T A455E 1078deiT 2789 + SO � A 3659deiC R334W 1898 + 10 � T 711 + 10 --. Login to comment
574 On the other hand, many mutations (R117H, H199Y, R334W, R347P, R553X; L558S, 3272-26A�G, 3849+lOkbC�T, R1162X) are found associated with two or three haplotypes that cannot be possibly derived from each other by simple molecular mechanisms (58, 124). Login to comment
679 Table 3 Atypical (non-CF) diseases associated with the CFTR gene Common manifestations Disease shared with CF CBAVD absence of vas deferens (bilateral CUAVD absence of vas deferens (unilateral) Obstructive azoospermia azoosperma Diffuse bronchiectasis abnormal dilatation of bronchi Bronchiectasis with elevated abnormal dilatation of bronchi and sweat CI- high levels of sweat chloride Allergic bronchopulmonary allergic asthma, tenacious sputum, aspergillosis mucus plugs Chronic pseudomonas bron- chronic sinusitis, nasal polyposis chitis Chronic bronchial abnormal mucous secretion hypersecretion Nasal polyposis nasal polyps Neonatal transitory hyper- high levels of immunoreactive tryp- trypsinemia sin (IRT) Fraction of patients with at least one CFTR mutation (%) Reference 80/\02 (78)" 31 51168 (75)' 207a 6/14 (43)b 1 1 8 8/17 (47)' 93 6/10 (6W 13 6/48 (l2.5)e 161 9/28 (32)" 136 5/16 (3 1)1 78 6/1 1 (54)e 1 19 2/10 (20)e 1 1 9 6/65 (9.2)f 65 7/1 12 (6.2)g 22 9/149 (6)f 106 • The numbers are based on comprehensive screening of CFfR mutations (including IVS8 : 5T) by a variety of methods; btesting of three mutations (�F508, RI I7H and R75Q; '-�F508, G55 1O, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, RI 17H and IVS8 : 5T;d direct sequencing of exons encoding NBFI; ' the most common CFTR mutations (unspecified); f �F508 only: "eight mutations (�F508, �I507, DlIOH, RII7H, 621 + IG .... T, N1303K, G5SID, and R553X). Login to comment
994 Severe deficiency of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator messenger RNA carrying nonsense mutations R553X and W1316X in respiratory epithelial cells of patients with cystic fibrosis. Login to comment
1409 CFTR transcripts are undetectable in lymphocytes and respiratory epithelial cells of a CF patient homozygous for the nonsense mutation R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 7527370 [PubMed] Mercier B et al: "Complete detection of mutations in cystic fibrosis patients of Native American origin."

No. Sentence Comment

18 The other mutations most frequently found in Caucasians, such as G551D, R553X, N1303K, or W1282X, were also excluded and only one patient was found to carry the G542X. Login to comment
72 In the CFTR gene, Reiss et al. (1991) have reported the presence of R553X in both an African-American patient and a German patient. Login to comment

PMID: 7881429 [PubMed] Teng H et al: "Identification of seven rather infrequent and one novel CFTR mutation in the Belgian population."

No. Sentence Comment

6 Seven of these were described previously: R117H (2), G551D (3), R553X (3), 394delTT (4), L206W (4), G85E (5) and D1152H (6). Login to comment
8 Mutations G551D and R553X were detected by reverse dot-blot analysis, using the INNO-LiPA2 assay (Innogenetics NV, Belgium). Login to comment
26 Indeed, the CF patient who is thought to be a compound heterozygote for the R553X and II139V mutations, based on the mutations found in her parents, was diagnosed at the age of 9 years, had positive pilocarpin sweat tests of 61 and 68 mEq/1, had bilateral nasal polyps, typical respiratory tract disease with isolation of Staphylococcus aureus and had normal exocrine pancreatic function as assessed by the absence of steatorrhea in several stool samples and normal pancreatic enzyme content in duodenal fluid and stool. Login to comment

PMID: 7526685 [PubMed] Morral N et al: "Independent origins of cystic fibrosis mutations R334W, R347P, R1162X, and 3849 + 10kbC-->T provide evidence of mutation recurrence in the CFTR gene."

No. Sentence Comment

108 )-.T R347L Audrezet et al. 1993 G--S-C R347P Dean et al. 1990 1789 ......... C--.G R553G C. Ferec, personal communication CI-T R553X Cutting et al. 1990 1790 ......... G---A R553Q Dork et al.1991a 3328 ......... C-OT R1066C Fanen et al. 1992 3329 ......... G-.A R1066H Ferec et al. 1992 GT R1066L Mercier et al. 1993 3340 ......... CT R1070W M. Macek, Jr., unpublished data 3341 ......... G-A R1070Q Mercier et al. 1993 a This change is a polymorphism, not a disease mutation. Login to comment
140 (1991) suggested an independent origin of mutation R553X in chromosomes of American Black and German origin. Login to comment
142 (1994, and in press) have suggested recurrence of R553X as well as of mutations 2184insA, 3272-26A-*G, and 3849+10kbC-)T. Login to comment
143 Mutation R117H has also been reported to have originated in two different genetic backgrounds, giving a different clinical status of CF in each (Kiesewetter et al. 1993). Login to comment
141 (1991) suggested an independent origin of mutation R553X in chromosomes of American Black and German origin. Login to comment

PMID: 7525450 [PubMed] Dork T et al: "Detection of more than 50 different CFTR mutations in a large group of German cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

49 A few other mutations known to be frequent (e.g. NI303K, R553X, G542X, G551D, 2789+5 G-+A and 3849+10 kB C--+T) were then screened by specific direct methods as previously described (D6rk et al. 1992 a). Login to comment
77 Table 1 Frequency distribution and haplotypes of CFTR mutations in 700 German CF chromosomes Mutation~ Nucleotide changesb Locationc Frequencyd Haplotype~ Referencef Q39x C--~T at 247 Exon 2 1 (0.1%) D3 Cutting et al. (1992) E60X G-+T at 310 Exon 3 1 (0.1%) A2 Malone et al. (*) R75X C--+T at 355 Exon 3 1 (0.1%) C2 This study 405+1 G---~A G-+A at 405+1 Intron 3 1 (0.1%) C2 D6rk et al. (1993c) E92X G--~T at 406 Exon 4 2 (0.3%) B2 Will et al. (1994) R117C C---~Tat 481 Exon 4 1 (0.1%) C2 This study R117H G--+A at 482 Exon 4 2 (0.3%) B6 Dean et al. (1990) 621+1 G--+T G--+T at 621+1 Intron 4 1 (0.1%) B1 Zielenski et al. (1991b) H199Y C--+T at 727 Exon 6a 1 (0.1%) A2 This study (*) 1078delT Deletion of T at 1078 Exon 7 4 (0.6%) C2 Claustres et al. (1992) R334W C-~T at 1132 Exon 7 2 (0.3%) BI Gasparini et al. (1991) 1336K T-->A at 1139 Exon 7 3 (0.4%) A2 Cuppens et al. (1993) R347P G--+C at 1172 Exon 7 11 (1.6%) A2, C2 Dean et al. (1990) 1342-2 A--+C A--+C at 1342-2 Intron 8 3 (0.4%) A4 D/3rk et al. (1993b) Q414X C--+T at 1372 Exon 9 1 (0.1%) D3 D6rk et al. (1994a) A455E C-+A at 1496 Exon 9 1 (0.1%) BI Kerem et al. (1990) V456F G--~T at 1498 Exon 9 1 (0.1%) B3 D6rk et al. (1994a) A1507 Deletion of 3 bp between 1648-1653 Exon 10 1 (0.1%) D5 Kerem et al. (1990) AF508 Deletion of 3 bp between 1652-1655 Exon 10 504 (72.0%) B1, DI, B7 Kerem et al. (1989) 1717-1 G--+A G--+A at 1717-1 lntron 10 6 (0.9%) B3 Kerem et al. (1990) G542X G--+T at 1756 Exon 11 10 (1.4%) B1 Kerem et al. (1990) G551D G--+A at 1784 Exon 11 7 (l.0%) B3 Cutting et al. (1990) Q552X C-+T at 1786 Exon 11 1 (0.1%) A4 Devoto et al. (1991) R553X C--+T at 1789 Exon 11 16 (2.3%) A4, B4, D3 Cutting et al. (1990) L558S T--+C at 1805 Exon 11 1 (0.1%) C2 Maggio et al. (*) 1811+I.6kBA-+G A--+Gat 1811+l.6kB lntron 11 1 (0.1%) A2 Chillonetal. Login to comment
82 R. Knowles Table 1 Appendix marker haplotypes Dimorphic 537 Extragenic XV-2c KM.19 Intragenic (GATT)n M470V T854 TUB20 (TaqI) (PstI) A 1 1 B 1 2 C 2 1 D 2 2 1 6 1 1 2 2 7 2 1 2 3 7 1 2 1 4 6 1 2 2 5 7 1 1 2 6 7 1 2 2 7 6 1 1 1 This mutation was identified in a 20-year-old female patient who is compound heterozygous for the two nonsense mutations R553X (Cutting et al. 1990) and L1059X. Login to comment
120 There are, however, only six additional CFTR mutations with a frequency of approximately 1% or more of the CF chromosomes; two nonsense mutations, G542X and R553X, and the missense mutations G551D and NI303K were predominantly seen in severely affected patients, whereas the transmembrane missense mutation R347P and the splice mutation 3849 + 10 kB C---~T Table 2 Rare sequence variants in the CFTR promoter and coding region Sequence variant Nucleotide change Location Frequency Associated mutatiow' Reference 125 G--+C G--~C at 125 Promoter 1 (0.1%) R75X F508C T--~G at 1655 Exon 10 2 (0.3%) S1251N 1716 G---)A G---~Aat 1716 Exon 10 1 (0.1%) L619S R553Q G-~A at 1790 Exon I 1 I (0.1%) * R668C C--~T at 2134 Exon 13 1 (0.1%) 3849+10 kB C--eT 3030 G---~A G--+A at 3030 Exon 15 1 (0.1%) 405+1 G--~A I1027 T T--~C at 3212 Exon 17a 2 (0.3%) * 3417 A-+T A--->Tat 3417 Exon 17b 1 (0.1%) Unknown 4002 A--eG A--~G at 4002 Exon 20 2 (0.3%) Unknown Cutting et al. (1992) Kobayashi et al. (1990) Kerem et al. (1990) D6rk et al. ( 1991) Fanen et al. (1992) Chillon et al. (1992) Fanen et al. (1992) This study Ferec et al. (1992) ~'Marked (*) sequence variations were present on AF508 chromosomes were the most frequent in pancreas-sufficient patients. Login to comment
137 Increased mutability of these particular sequences is demonstrated not only by the occurrence of different mutations at the same codon, but also by the presence of the mutations R553X and 2184insA in two incompatible dimorphic marker haplotypes; this suggests 539 recurrent mutational events. Login to comment

PMID: 7526344 [PubMed] Grossman PD et al: "High-density multiplex detection of nucleic acid sequences: oligonucleotide ligation assay and sequence-coded separation."

No. Sentence Comment

55 Probes for multiplex CF OLA assay CF Locus S549R2-WT S549R2-MUT S549R2-COM S549N WT S549N-MUT S549N-COM G542-WT G542-MUT G542X-COM R553-WT R553X-MUT R553-COM G551-WT G55ID-MUT G55ICOM W1282-WT W1282X-MUT W1282-COM R560T-WT R560T-MUT R560-COM 1717-WT 1717-MUT 1717-COM 3905-WT 39O51NST-MUT 3905-COM Sequence (5'-3') (HEO)2-TTGCTCGTTGACCTCCA (HEO)3-TTGCTCGTTGACCTCCC PO4-CTCAGTGTGATTCCACCT-FAM (HEO)4-TGCTCGTTGACCTCCAC (HEO)5-TGCTCGTTGACCTCCAT PO4-TCAGTGTGATTCCACCTTC-FAM (HEO)6-GTGATTCCACCTTCTCC (HEO)7-GTGATTCCACCTTCTCA PO4-AAGAACTATATTGTCTTTCTCT-FAM (HEO)8-TGCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCG (HEO)9-TTGCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCA PO4-TTGACCTCCACTCAGTGTGA-FAM (HEO)IO-TAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCGTTGAC (HEO)11-TAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCGTTGAT PO4-CTCCACTCAGTGTGATTCCA-FAM (HEO) 12-TATCACTCCAA AGGCTTTCCTC (HEO) 13-TATCACTCCAAAGGCTTTCCTT PO4-CACTGTTGCAAAGTTATTGAATCC-FAM (HEO)14-TAGACCAATAATTAGTTATTCACC (HEO)15-TAGACCAATAATTAGTTATTCACG PO4-TTGCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCG-FAM (HEO) 16-TCTGCAAACTTGG AGATGTCC (HEO) 17-TCTGCAAACTTGGAGATGTCT PO4-TATTACCAAAAATAGAAAATTAGAGA-FAM (HEO) 18-A AGAGTACTTTGTTATCAGCTTTTTT (HEO)19-AAGAGTACTnUTIATCAGCTnTnT PO4-GAGACTACTGAACACTGAAGGAG-FAM Oligonucleotide ligation assay kinetics study For the study of ligation reaction kinetics, probe concentrations were 5 nM, and oligonucleotide target concentration was 0.5 nM. Login to comment
157 Variations in OLA product yield seen in Figure 4 can more likely be attributed to the high degree of overlap of the probes used in the exon 11 mutational hotspot (G542X, S549N, S549R2, G551D, R553X, R560T). Login to comment

PMID: 7522998 [PubMed] Tsongalis GJ et al: "Association of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, mild lung disease, and delta F508 mutation in a cystic fibrosis patient."

No. Sentence Comment

44 CorrelatIon of phenotype and genotype of CFTR mutations Key phenotypic Lung disease SweatC1 Exocnne pancreas function Vasdeferens Associated CFTR mutations Pancreatic InsuffIcIent Pancreatic sufficient Normalsweat C1 Severe Less severe Relatively mild Elevated Elevated Normal Insufficient Sufficient Sufficient Absent Absent Absent SF508, G542X, R553X, G5510, Ni 303K, Wi 282X, RI 17H, and others 2789 + 5G>A, R117H, R334W, R347P, A455E, P574H, S945L, G85E, and others G551S, R117H, 3849 + 10kb C>T, and others Congenitalabsence of the vas deferens None Normal or elevated Sufficient Absent F508C, Ri 17H, Di D1152H, and others FIg. 2. Login to comment

PMID: 7519167 [PubMed] Grade K et al: "Identification of three novel mutations in the CFTR gene using temperature-optimized non-radioactive conditions for SSCP analysis."

No. Sentence Comment

7 A further 10% (approximately) are attributable to the presence of the mutations R347P, G542X, G551D and R553X (Coutelle et al. 1992). Login to comment
24 G542X G551D R553X G576A Splice rout. Login to comment
36 Lanes 1, 7, wild type; lane 2, G542X/normal; lane 3, G551D/normal; lane 4, G551D/ G551D; lane 5, R553X/normal; lane 6, 1717G--+A/normal Case history of the patient with the 317 linsC mutation Among the patients carrying one non-deltaFs0~mutation, we found one girl with the genotype 3171insC/deltaFs0s. Login to comment

PMID: 7518920 [PubMed] Ellis LA et al: "MutS binding protects heteroduplex DNA from exonuclease digestion in vitro: a simple method for detecting mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

23 Figures 1-4 illustrate the detection of four different mutations in CFTR exon 11 (1717-1 G-A, R553X, G551D, S549N) by this method. Login to comment
27 Mutation wild type 1717-1 (G-A) R553X (C-T) G551D (G-A) S549N (G-A) Observed fragment size (blue) none 189 269 259 253 Distance from primer to mutation (blue) NA 184 256 250 245 Observed fragment size (green) none 326 246 256 263 Distance from primer to mutation (green) NA 308 236 242 247 *To whom correspondence should be addressed at: DNA Laboratory, Regional Genetics Service, Ashley Wing, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK atUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHillonOctober25,2012http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/Downloadedfrom Nucleic Acids Research, 1994, Vol. 22, No. 13 / 189 326 1. . Login to comment

PMID: 7517933 [PubMed] Fearon K et al: "Premature translation termination mutations are efficiently suppressed in a highly conserved region of yeast Ste6p, a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family."

No. Sentence Comment

35 CFTR was identified as the protein that isdefective in thedisease cystic fibrosis (CF)(13-15).Currently, over 230 CFTR mutations havebeen found that cause CF (16).Among this largecollection of mutations aretwo that result in in-frameopal (UGA) termination codons at glycine codon 542 (G542X) andarginine codon 553 (R553X) of CFTR (see Fig. 1).Both of these mutationsoccur near a highly conserved LSGGQ sequence motif that is shared by all members of the ABC transporter family. Login to comment
194 For example, a stop mutation atthe corresponding position of CFTR (R553X) results in the disease cystic fibrosis. Login to comment

PMID: 7526925 [PubMed] Hull J et al: "Analysis of mutations and alternative splicing patterns in the CFTR gene using mRNA derived from nasal epithelial cells."

No. Sentence Comment

47 The 4 mutations that were not detected were 182delT (11), G27X (15), R553X (14) and W1O98R (Tsui pers comm). Login to comment
53 (1) G542XC (12) GSSID0 (13) R553X (13) W1098Rc (Tsui pers. Login to comment
75 Mutations not detected by the chemical cleavage technique The mutations that this method failed to detect were 182delT (exon 1, A-6 set), G27X (G to T substitution, exon 2, A-6 set), R553X (C to T substitution, exon 11, B set), and W1098R (T to C substitution, exon 17b, E set). Login to comment
78 The failure to detect the R553X mutation is also readily explained. Login to comment
137 They had been screened for the AF5O8, G542X, G551D, R553X and 621 + 1G-T mutations by the clinical genetics service at the Churchill Hospital, Oxford, and they did not carry these mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 7525964 [PubMed] Miedzybrodzka ZH et al: "Evaluation of laboratory methods for cystic fibrosis carrier screening: reliability, sensitivity, specificity, and costs."

No. Sentence Comment

8 Standard methods of CF mutation analysis include deletion detection using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of PCR product (for example, AF508 and AI507), restriction enzyme digestion ofPCR product (for example, G551D, R553X, 621 + 1(G-.T)), and probing of PCR product with labelled allele specific oligonucleotides (ASOs) (for example, G542X). Login to comment
19 We chose to evaluate dot blotting by using the Inno-LiPA CF2 kit as an example (Innogenetics).9 This kit detects the mutations AF508, AI507, G551D, G542X, N1303K, W1282Xm 1717-1,G-A, and R553X.4 12"1 Mouthwash DNA preparation (5 p1) and Taq polymerase are added to the PCR reagents provided, with biotin dUTP incorporated into PCR product as a label. Login to comment
37 Strip 7 G551D carrier, strip 10 R553X carrier. Login to comment
42 The third method we evaluated combines deletion analysis with a restriction enzyme digest, allowing simultaneous detection of the mutations AF508, AI507, G551D, and R553X (deletion/digest/PAGE method). Login to comment
45 The mutations G551D and R553X destroy a HincII restriction site, AF508 and AI507 cause a smaller band (fig 3). Login to comment
62 DELETION/DIGEST/PAGE METHOD This method was used to test DNA from 59 carriers, 58 partners (previously tested negative), and 64 persons affected by CF, for AF508, G551D, AI507, and R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 7525963 [PubMed] Chevalier-Porst F et al: "Mutation analysis in 600 French cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

2 The most frequent mutations in this population after AF508 (69% of the CF chromosomes) are G542X (3-3%), N1303K (1P8%), W1282X (1P5%), 1717-lG-.A (1P3%), 2184delA+2183 A-+G (0 9%), and R553X (0-8%). Login to comment
23 The most frequent mutations after AF508 are G542X (33%), N1303K (1*8%), W1282X (1 5%), 1717-1G-+A (1 3%), 2184delA+ 2183A-4G (09%), and R553X (08%). Login to comment
57 For the other partner, who has an initial risk of being a carrier of 1 in 25, the screening ofthe seven mutations AF508, G542X, N1303K, W1282X, 1717-1G-+A, 2184delA+2183A-.G, and R553X allows a better estimation ofthis risk; it drops to 1 in 120 if this screening is negative. Login to comment
132 29 Liechti-Gallati S, Bonsall I, Malik N, et al. Genotype/ phenotype association in cystic fibrosis: analyses of the AF508, R553X, and 3905insT mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 7513296 [PubMed] Boteva K et al: "Novel cystic fibrosis mutation associated with mild disease in Cypriot patients."

No. Sentence Comment

39 Those mutations were 621+lG>T, G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X and R1283M, and the methodology used is the Amplification Refractory Mutation System (Newton et al. 1989). Login to comment

PMID: 7521710 [PubMed] Ravnik-Glavac M et al: "Sensitivity of single-strand conformation polymorphism and heteroduplex method for mutation detection in the cystic fibrosis gene."

No. Sentence Comment

46 cd,e,f.gformatjon of heteroduplexes in DNA samples containing the following mutations increases the sensitivity to 100%: 1833delT; E827X; Q1291R; G551D, R553X, R553Q; I1234V, 3850-3T-G; respectively. Login to comment
121 1078delT (35), L327R (Ravnik-Glavac a al., unpublished), R334W (36), D36K (31), R347L (26), R347P (14), A349V (26), R352Q (30), 1221delCT (34); Exon 8: W401X (31), 1342-1G-C (25); Exon 9: G458V (37), 1525 -1G-A (38); Exon 10: S492F (34), Q493X (39), 1609delCA (40,17), deltaI507 (39,41), deltaF5O8 (3), 1717-1G-A (39,42); Exon 11: G542X (39), S549N, G551D, R553X (43), R553Q (44), A559T (43), R560K (Fine et al., pers. comm.), R560T (39); Exon 12: Y563N (39), 1833delT (Schwartz et al., pers. comm.), P574H (39), 1898 + 1G-C (31), 1898+3A-G (Ferrari et al., pers. comm.); Exon 13: G628R(G-C) (31), Q685X (Firec et al., pers. comm.), K716X (26), L719X (Dork etal., pers. comm.), 2522insC (15), 2556insAT (45), E827X (34); Exon 14a: E831X (Ffrec et al., pers. comm.), R851X (29), 2721delll (31), C866Y (Audrezet et al., pers. comm.); Exon 14b: 2789+5G-A (Highsmith et al., pers. comm.); Exon 15: 2907denT (21), 2991del32 (Dark and TQmmler, pers. comm.), G970R (31); Exon 16: S977P, 3100insA (D6rk et al., pers. comm.); Exon 17a: I1005R (Dork and TQmmler, pers. comm.), 3272-1G-A (46); Exon 17b: H1054D (F6rec et al., pers. comm.), G1061R (Fdrec et al., pers. comm.), 332Oins5, R1066H, A1067T (34), R1066L (Fe"rec etal., pers. comm.), R1070Q (46), E1104X (Zielenski el al., pers. comm.), 3359delCT (46), L1077P (Bozon « a/., pers. comm.), H1085R (46), Y1092X (Bozon etal., pers. comm.), W1098R, M1101K (Zielenski et al., pers. comm.); Exon 18: D1152H (Highsmith et al., pers. comm.); Exon 19:R1162X (36), 3659delC (39), 3662delA (25), 3667del4 (Chillon et al., pers. comm.), 3737ddA (35), 3821ddT (15), I1234V (35), S1235R (31), Q1238X (26), 3849G-A (25), 385O-3T-G (38); Exon20:3860ins31 (Chillon etal., pers. comm.), S1255X (47), 3898insC (26), 3905insT (Malik et al., pers. comm.), D127ON (48), W1282X (49), Q1291R (Dork et al., pers. comm.), Exon 21: N1303H (35), N13O3K (50), W1316X (43); Exon 22: 11328L/4116delA (Dork and TQmmler, pers. comm.), E1371X (25); Exon 23: 4374+ 1G-T (38); Exon 24: 4382delA (Claustres et al., pers. comm.). Login to comment

PMID: 7513293 [PubMed] Chillon M et al: "Analysis of the CFTR gene confirms the high genetic heterogeneity of the Spanish population: 43 mutations account for only 78% of CF chromosomes."

No. Sentence Comment

31 At present, we have not detected any Spanish CF chromosomes bearing any of the following mutations: 394delTA, Y122X, 556delA, 852de122, R347P, $492F, 1677delTA, V520F, Q552X, R553X, L559S, R560K, R560T, Y563N, P564H, 2043delG, 3320ins5, R1066H, A1067T, H1085R, 3732delA, 3737delA, I1234V, S1255P, 3898insC, Q1291H or 4005+ 1G---~A. Login to comment

PMID: 7513291 [PubMed] Dean M et al: "Heterogeneity in the severity of cystic fibrosis and the role of CFTR gene mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

57 These studies found no significant differences in % FEV1 or age of onset of chronic sputum colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa between AF508/G551D, AF508/G542X, AF508/ R553X, AF508/W1282X, AF508/N1303K, AF508/1717- 1G-A, AF508/621+lG-T compound heterozygotes and AF508 homozygotes (Hamosh et al. 1991; Cystic Fibrosis Genotype Analysis Consortium 1990). Login to comment

PMID: 7511817 [PubMed] Lishanski A et al: "Mutation detection by mismatch binding protein, MutS, in amplified DNA: application to the cystic fibrosis gene."

No. Sentence Comment

49 a Mutation Location PCR primers (5' 4 3') AF508 exon 10 (1) CTCAGTTTTCCTGGATTATGCC (2) TGGCATGCTTIGATGACG (1) CTCAG1TTICCTGGATTATGCC (3) CTAACCGATTGMTATGGAGCC (4) CMGTGMTCCTGAGCGTGA (3) CTAACCGATTGAATATGGAGCC (5) GCAGAGTACCTGAAACAGGA (6) CATrCACAGTAGCTrACCCA R553X exon 11 (7) GCCTTTCAAATCAGATTGAGC (9) GACA1TTACAGCAAATGCTTGC (10) CAACTGTGGTTAAAGCAATAGTGT (11) GCACAGATTCTGAGTAACCATMT G551 D exon 11 (7) GCC1TTCAAATTCAGATTGAGC (9) GACA1TUACAGCAAATGCTTGC G542X exon 11 (7) GCCTTTCAAATTCAGATTGAGC (8) TGCTCGTTGACCTCCACTC b Exon 10 490 bp I 340 bp 200 bp 100 bp 100 200 PCR Lesion Mismatches product formed size upon (bp) reannealing of PCR product 100 3 bp deletion CTT + GAA (Phe deletion) bulges 200 340 491 203 C 4 T (Arg m 4 Stop) 425 203 G 4 A (Gly 5544 Asp) 141 G 4 T (Gly 542 4 Stop) 300 C/A + T/G single-base mismatches G/T + A/C single-base mismatches G/A + T/C single-base mismatches 400 AF508 LExon11 100 200 300 400 425 bp L 203 bp 141 bp G542X G51 D R553X FIG. 1. Login to comment
109 Detection of heterozygosity for R553X point mutation. Login to comment
133 The results obtained for the R553X C -- T transition are shown in Fig. 6. Login to comment

PMID: 7511062 [PubMed] Sheppard DN et al: "The amino-terminal portion of CFTR forms a regulated Cl- channel."

No. Sentence Comment

244 Severe deficiency of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator messenger RNA carrying nonsense mutations R553X and W1316X in respiratory epithelial cells of patients with cystic fibrosis. Login to comment

PMID: 7509564 [PubMed] Grebe TA et al: "Genetic analysis of Hispanic individuals with cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

45 The following CFTR gene mutations were identified by published methods: AF508 (Rommens et al. 1990); G542X (Kerem et al. 1990); GS51D and R553X (Cutting et al. 1990); R1162X (Gasparini et al. 1991); W1282X (Vidaud et al. 1990); N1303K (Osborne et al. 1991); 3849 +lOkbC- T (Highsmith et al., submitted); and R117H, Y122X, 1148T, 621+1G-*oT, 711+1G- T, G314E, 1078AT, R334W, R347P, Q493X, A1507, V520F, 1717 -1G-oA, R560T, and 3569AC (J. DeMarchi et al., submitted). Login to comment
46 Alternatively, the G542X, G551D, R553X, and N1303K mutations were assayed by the method of Ng et al. Login to comment
52 .................. 67.1 59/129 (46) G542X .................. 3.4 7/129 (5.4) 3849+10kbC--T ......... Unknown 3/129 (2.3) G551D .................. 2.4 0/129 (0) R553X .................. 1.3 1/129 (.8) R1162 .................. .85b 2/129 (1.6) R334W .................. <1 2/129 (1.6) W1282X ................. 2.1 1/129 (.8) Otherc .................. 65 0/129 (0) Undetected ............... 15 54/129 (42) a CF Consortium 1992, unpublished data. Login to comment
54 COther = A1507, 621+1G- T, R117H, N1303K, 711+1G-*.T, 1717-1G-.A, R560T, Y122X, 1148T, G314E, 1078AT, R347P, Q493X, V520F, and 3659AC. Login to comment
64 Three other mutations-R553X, W1282X, and N1303K-are rare in many populations, and any deviation from expected frequencies cannot be determined from our study. Login to comment
66 (%) OF HAPLOTYPES CHROMOSOME TYPE A B C D TOTAL CF: AF508 ............ 2 (4) 36 (72) 5 (10) 7 (14) 50 Non-AF508a ....... 12 (29) 14 (33) 14 (33) 2 (5) 42 Normal" ............. 22 (49) 5 (11) 16 (34) 4 (9) 47 a Includes chromosomes carrying either G542X, RI 162X, W1282X, R334W, R553X, 3849+10kbC-*oT, or an unidentified mutation." Login to comment
47 The following CFTR gene mutations were identified by published methods: AF508 (Rommens et al. 1990); G542X (Kerem et al. 1990); GS51D and R553X (Cutting et al. 1990); R1162X (Gasparini et al. 1991); W1282X (Vidaud et al. 1990); N1303K (Osborne et al. 1991); 3849 +lOkbC-T (Highsmith et al., submitted); and R117H, Y122X, 1148T, 621+1G-*oT, 711+1G-T, G314E, 1078AT, R334W, R347P, Q493X, A1507, V520F, 1717 -1G-oA, R560T, and 3569AC (J. DeMarchi et al., submitted). Login to comment
48 Alternatively, the G542X, G551D, R553X, and N1303K mutations were assayed by the method of Ng et al. Login to comment
68 (%) OF HAPLOTYPES CHROMOSOME TYPE A B C D TOTAL CF: AF508 ............ 2 (4) 36 (72) 5 (10) 7 (14) 50 Non-AF508a ....... 12 (29) 14 (33) 14 (33) 2 (5) 42 Normal" ............. 22 (49) 5 (11) 16 (34) 4 (9) 47 a Includes chromosomes carrying either G542X, RI 162X, W1282X, R334W, R553X, 3849+10kbC-*oT, or an unidentified mutation. " Login to comment

PMID: 7509310 [PubMed] Schwartz M et al: "394delTT: a Nordic cystic fibrosis mutation."

No. Sentence Comment

70 Other CF mutations Very few of the previously reported most "common" mutations (G551D, G542X, R553X, N1303K, 1717-1G---~ T, and W1282X) were identified on the "Nordic" CF chro- Discussion More than 200 CF mutations have been reported (Ysui 1992a) since the cloning of the CFTR gene. Login to comment

PMID: 7505767 [PubMed] Dork T et al: "Exon 9 of the CFTR gene: splice site haplotypes and cystic fibrosis mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

51 Family A: lanes 1, 4, father (G551D), sister (TG)IaT7/ (TG)10T7, respectively; lanes 2, 3, mother (R553X), CF (TG)lzTT/ (TG)10TT;respectively. Login to comment
52 Family B: lanes 5, 6, CF, brother, (TG)lzT7/ (TG)IoT9, respectively; lane 7, mother (AF508) (TG)IoT7/(TG)IoT9; lane 8, father (R553X) (TG)IzTv/(TG)12T7 by using SSCP analysis of RsaI digested PCR products spanning the exon 9 coding region and adjacent intron sequences (Zielenski et al. 1991). Login to comment
61 Association of (TG),Tm alleles with CFTR mutations (TG),Tm CFTR mutationsa (TG)llT7 E60X, E92X, R117C, 1078delT, R347P, R553X, 2184delA, 2184insA, I1005R, 3272-26A--~G, L1059X, Y1092X, R1162X, 3659delC, 3850-3T-oG, S1251N Q39X, R117H, Q414X, V456F, AI507, 1717-1G--~A, G551D, 2043delG, 2183AA---~G, 2184insA, 2789 + 5 G---~A,3272-26A---~G, R1066C, L1077P, 3849 + l0 kB C---~T,4374 + 1 G---~T 621 + 1 G---~T,R334W, A455E, AF508, G542X, 2143delT, 3849 + 10 kB C---~T,NI303K 405 + 1 G----~A,1342-2 A---~C,R553X (TG)IoT7 (TG)10T9 (TG)12T7 a References are compiled in Tsui (1992), except for 2143delT (Dtrk et al. 1992b), 3850-3 T---~G,4374 + 1 G---~T,1342-2 A---~C (Dtrk et al. 1993a, b), Q414X, V456F (this work), 405 + 1 G---~A, E92X, R117C, 2184delA, 2184insA, I1005R, L1059X (T. Login to comment
65 A few CFTR mutations with two different splice site haplotypes may be explained by a recurrent mutational event (e.g. R553X) or intragenic recombination (Table 3 ). Login to comment
95 A few mutations have been found on two different repeat alleles linked to different intragenic dimorphic marker haplotypes; this favours the hypothesis of recurrent mutational events (e.g. R553X, 2184insA, 3272-26 A---~G, 3849 + 10 kB C--~T). Login to comment
157 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85 :7652-7656 Hamosh A, Trapnell BC, Zeitlin PL, Montrose-Rafizadeh C, Rosenstein BJ, Crystal RG, Cutting GR (1991) Severe deficiency of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator messenger RNA carrying nonsense mutations R553X and WI316X in respiratory cells of patients with cystic fibrosis. Login to comment

PMID: 7512145 [PubMed] Desgeorges M et al: "Severe pulmonary and digestive disease in a cystic fibrosis child homozygous for G542X."

No. Sentence Comment

60 J Med Genet 1992;29:558-62. 7 Bal J, Stuhrmann M, Schloesser M, et al. A cystic fibrosis patient homozygous for the nonsense mutation R553X. Login to comment
61 J Med Genet 1991;28:715-17. 8 Cheadle J, Al-Jader L, Goodchild M, Meredith AL. Mild pulmonary disease in a cystic fibrosis child homozygous for R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 7509232 [PubMed] Meitinger T et al: "In frame deletion (delta F311) within a short trinucleotide repeat of the first transmembrane region of the cystic fibrosis gene."

No. Sentence Comment

4 Analysing CF chromosomes in a sample of 227 CF patients from South Germany by screening for known mutations (AF5O8, G542X, G551D, R553X) and further investigation of samples with unresolved chromosomes by SSCP and direct sequencing, we identified a novel in-frame deletion occurring within a short trinucleotide repeat in exon 7 of the CFTR gene. Login to comment

PMID: 7505692 [PubMed] Osborne LR et al: "Nasal epithelial ion transport and genetic analysis of infertile men with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

25 Nasal potential difference, sweat sodium concentration and CF genotype in subjects with CBAVD, CF patients and controls CF genotype Control cohort CBAVD cohort CF cohort N/N« AF5O8/R347H SM9N/R1070Q AF508/Other R553X/N*> Unknown/Unknowtf AF 5«/AF5O8 AFjQj/Other AF508/R347P AF50e/G542X AFjQg/RllTH AF5O8/G85E AF5Q8/R553X AFJO8/G551D AF5O8A^520F AFJO8/S549N AF^/DIjQ, N1303K/Other G542X/R117H AFJ08/R334W Other/Other Subjects 50 1 1 1 6 1 16 25 18 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 Mean (range) sweat Na+ concentration (mmol/1) 50 (27-78) 88 N/A 94 57 (47-70) 36 49 (32-76) 126(80-162) 99 (80-128) 108 (99-115) 128 (118-137) 95 107 130 122 (116-128) 90 80 118 96 (92-99) 84 123 108(83-130) Mean (range) nasal potential difference (-mV) 21 (8-30) 31 N/A 34 23 (13-29) -15 20 (-13-28) 45 (32-58) 41 (33-61) 50 (36-77) 43 (33-52) 51 42 39 60 (50-71) 32 37 41 38 (36-40) 32 34 44(31-57) N = non-CF chromosome Other = uncharacterised CF chromosome N/A not available • with CF carrier frequency of 1/20-1/25, it is likely that 2 or 3 of these individuals will be carriers. Login to comment
33 Using dsDNA cycle sequencing, one subject carrying the R553X mutation and two compound heterozygotes for known CFTR mutations were identified (Table 1). Login to comment
38 Error bars indicate standard deviation of the mean. Control v CBAVD: NS. CBAVD v PS: p<0.0001. CBAVD v PI: p<0.0001. CBAVD subjects who were heterozygous for a known CF mutation (6 AFjQg/N and 1 R553X/N). Login to comment
47 In the CBAVD group, the top two and the bottom values are from subjects with only one CF gene mutation (2 AFyjg/N and 1 R553X/N) and the remainder from subjects with no identified CF mutations. Login to comment
55 RNA studies By RT-PCR of lymphocyte RNA, the whole of the CFTR coding region was amplified in different overlapping fragments in 10 CBAVD subjects (6 AFjO8/N, 1 R553X/N and 3 Unknown/Unknown), 5 CF patients and 5 controls. Login to comment

PMID: 7505689 [PubMed] Cheadle JP et al: "Direct sequencing of the complete CFTR gene: the molecular characterisation of 99.5% of CF chromosomes in Wales."

No. Sentence Comment

64 17b 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 M1V E60X O220X | R117H G85E 621*1G>T 977msA AF508 I AI607 1898*1G>A G642X 2184delA 1078delT I I 8549N 2184insA I I 1154insTC S549R G651D I R553X I R560T I 1717-1G>A W846X1 3272-26A>G L1077P R12B3U 3669delC 4 016in aT I N1303K 3849*10kbC>T Figure 2. Login to comment
115 Further ARMS tests are in development and in principle it should be possible to use a three tube ARMS test to assay rapidly for 13 mutations (delta F508, 621 + 1G-T, G551D, G542X, R1283M, W1282X, R553X, N13O3K, delta 1507, 1898+1G-A, R117H, R560T, and 1717-1G-A) (S.Little, personal comm.). Login to comment

PMID: 7693946 [PubMed] Will K et al: "CFTR transcripts are undetectable in lymphocytes and respiratory epithelial cells of a CF patient homozygous for the nonsense mutation R553X."

No. Sentence Comment

0 J Med Genet 1993; 30: 833-837 CFTR transcripts are undetectable in lymphocytes and respiratory epithelial cells of a CF patient homozygous for the nonsense mutation R553X Katrin Will, Jochen Reiss, Michael Dean, Manfred Schlosser, Ryzard Slomski, Jorg Schmidtke, Manfred Stuhrmann Abstract In order to analyse the influence of the nonsense mutation R553X on CFTR gene expression, transcripts from epithelial cells and lymphocytes were examined from nine subjects (one CF patient homozygous for R553X, one CF patient compound heterozygous for R553X/ AF508, four CF carriers heterozygous for R553X, one CF carrier with the genotype AF508/N, and two uncharacterised normal adults). Login to comment
3 In repeated experiments it was not possible to detect any CFTR mRNA in cells derived from the R553X homozygous patient. Login to comment
4 Furthermore, in subjects heterozygous for R553X we could not detect by hybridisation with a specific oligonucleotide probe and direct sequencing any CFTR mRNA derived from the R553X allele. Login to comment
11 The most frequent mutation, AF508,6 located in the first nucleotide binding fold, is usually associated with severe CF,7 but in exceptional cases AF508 homozygotes are only mildly affected.8 Three nonsense mutations, G542X,9 R553X,'0 and W1282X," represent the second, fourth, and fifth most frequent CF mutations worldwide (Cystic Fibrosis Genetics Analysis Consortium, unpublished data). Login to comment
13 Two CF patients, homozygous for the G542X mutation, have been described as mildly affected."213 Cutting et al14 found two patients heterozygous for W1316X/R553X and S1255X/G542X, respectively, to exhibit severe pancreatic but only mild pulmonary disease. Login to comment
14 In contrast, Shoshani et al"5 showed that the most common CF mutation in the Ashkenazi Jewish population, W1282X, which is located in exon 20, is clearly associated with a severe phenotype. We previously classified the only known homozygous R553X patient as being moderately severely affected. Login to comment
15 '6 We report here on CFTR mRNA analysis in this patient, who is homozygous for R553X (a CGA to TGA substitution at position 1789 in exon 11 of the CFTR gene), and in R553X heterozygotes, in order to investigate the influence of nonsense mutations on gene expression. Login to comment
16 Methods FAMILY A Case 1 was a 15 year old male CF patient of German origin, who was homozygous for the stop mutation R553X, with severely reduced pancreatic function, but only mildly affected lung function. Login to comment
19 '6 Case 2 was a male CF carrier (R553X) of German origin. He was a symptomless adult and the father of case 1 and a second cousin of case 3. Login to comment
20 Case 3 was a female CF carrier (R553X) of German origin. She was a symptomless adult and the mother of case 1 and a second coetsin of case 2. Login to comment
27 834 Will, Reiss, Dean, Schlosser, Slomski, Schmidtke, Stuhrmann FAMILY B Case 4 was a 6 year old male CF patient of German origin and a compound heterozygote for AF508 and R553X, with insufficient pancreatic function and recurrent pneumonia. Login to comment
31 Case 6 was a female CF carrier (R553X) of German origin. She was a symptomless adult and the mother of case 4. Login to comment
32 CONTROLS Case 7 was a male CF carrier (R553X) of American origin and was a symptomless adult. Case 8 was a female of German origin and was a symptomless adult. Case 9 was a male of Polish origin and was a symptomless adult. Login to comment
53 '9 Filters were prehybridised for one hour at 60'C (ASO for wild type allele) and 62'C (R553X mutation specific ASO) in a hybridisation solution containing 5 x SSPE, 5 x Denhardt's solution, and 0-5% Triton X-100. Login to comment
59 As positive controls, PCR products including exon 11, amplified with primers 1 li-5 and 1 li-32" from genomic DNA of a R553X carrier, a patient homozygous for R553X, and a normal adult were blotted and hybridised. Login to comment
63 With the exception of the R553X homozygous patient (lane 5), cDNA amplification was possible from all nasal epithelial cells and lymphocytes that were attempted. Login to comment
74 (A) 0-8% agarose gel of 'nested' PCR products amplifiedfrom the R553X homozygous patient (lane 5), the patient's mother (lane 3), the patient's father (lane 4), and two healthy controls (lanes 1 and 2). Login to comment
82 Exon 12 skipping, accounting for over 90% of the detectable mRNA, has been previously reported.2223 In repeated experiments, it was not possible to detect any CFTR cDNA from the R553X homozygous patient on ethidium bromide stained agarose gel. Login to comment
85 In order to increase the level of detection sensitivity, we performed allele specific oligonucleotide (ASO) hybridisations for the R553X and normal alleles. Login to comment
86 As shown in fig 3, only the CFTR exon 11 controls, amplified from genomic DNA of homozygotes and heterozygotes for R553X, hybridised to the R553X mutant oligonucleotide. Login to comment
87 CFTR exon 11 DNA of a person heterozygous for R553X hybridised to both the wild type and the mutant oligonucleotides. Login to comment
89 The PCR reaction from the homozygous patient hybridised to neither the normal nor the R553X ASO. Login to comment
91 These results show that the levels of CFTR transcripts carrying the R553X mutation are severely reduced or even absent in both tissues. Login to comment
92 Discussion We show here that patients, either homozygous or heterozygous for the nonsense mutation R553X, have no detectable CFTR mRNA derived from the R553X allele in nasal epithelial cells and lymphocytes. Login to comment
99 Figure 3 Allele specific oligonucleotide hybridisation (ASO) for the R553X and normal alleles. Login to comment
100 Each membrane was dotted with amplified cDNAs from all subjects (subjects 1 to 9 from left to right) and PCR products including exon 11, amplified with primers 1 li-5 and 1 li-320 from genomic DNA of the R553X homozygous patient, a R553X carrier, and a normal adult. Login to comment
101 Hybridisation was carried out with an ASO for the wild type allele (normal) and a R553X mutation specific ASO (R553X). Login to comment
102 Solid symbols: R553X, hatched symbols: AF508, open symbols: normal. Login to comment
105 If stop codon mutations, such as R553X, within the first half of the CFTR gene, generally lead to severely reduced or even absent intracytoplasmic mRNA levels, it is surprising that the 583 bp splice variant carrying a stop codon within the same region appears to be rather stable2' (this study). Login to comment
150 A cystic fibrosis patient homozygous for the nonsense mutation R553X. Login to comment
169 Severe deficiency of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator messenger RNA carrying nonsense mutations R553X and W1316X in respiratory epithelial cells of patients with cystic fibrosis. Login to comment
183 Mol Cell Biol 1989;9:2868-80. doi: 10.1136/jmg.30.10.833 1993 30: 833-837J Med Genet K Will, J Reiss, M Dean, et al. nonsense mutation R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 7691344 [PubMed] Claustres M et al: "Analysis of the 27 exons and flanking regions of the cystic fibrosis gene: 40 different mutations account for 91.2% of the mutant alleles in southern France."

No. Sentence Comment

26 Mutations identified in a Southern french population mutation AF5O8 M1K 300delA P67L R74W G85E 394detTT 406-6 (T-C) Y122X I148T 621 + 1G-T 62/+2T-G L206W 1078deIT R334W R347H R347P AI507 1717-1G-A G542X R553X S549N G551D E585X 2184delA K710X R792X S945L Y1092X 3272-26A-G R1158X R1162X 3737delA 3659delC 11234V D1270N W1282X N13O3H N13O3K 4382delA Exon 10 1 3 3 3 3 3 intron 3 4 4 intron 4 intron 4 6a 7 7 7 7 10 intron 10 11 11 11 11 , 12 13 13 13 15 17b intron 17a 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 21 21 24 Amino acid change 3 bp deletion start-Lys at 1 frameshift Pro-Leu at67 Arg-Trp at 74 Gly-Glu at 85 frameshift splice mutation? Login to comment

PMID: 7691870 [PubMed] Patrizio P et al: "Cystic fibrosis mutations impair the fertilization rate of epididymal sperm from men with congenital absence of the vas deferens."

No. Sentence Comment

11 Group II was formed by 18 patients with various other CF mutations, including four compound heterozygotes (three with Delta F508/R117H and one with R553X/R117H) and one homozygote (R117H/R117H). Login to comment
38 Briefly, genomic DNA extracted from peripheral lymphocytes was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analysed for 12 mutations in the CFTR gene: Delta F508, G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X, N1303K, Delta 1507, 1717G-A, R560T, S549N, R117H and 621 + 1. Login to comment
56 DF508/ DF508/R117H R117H/R553X R117H/R117H W1282X/ R553X/ N1303K/ G542X/ 1717G-A 21 4 Negative Table H. Login to comment
69 Four patients had other, rarer mutations (1717G-A, 1303K, G542X, R553X). Login to comment
70 Of the four compound heterozygotes, three had a genotype Delta F508/ Rl 17H and one had Rl 17H/R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 7692049 [PubMed] Bienvenu T et al: "Severe cystic fibrosis in a child homozygous for the G542 nonsense mutation in the CFTR gene."

No. Sentence Comment

48 Severe cystic fibrosis in a child homozygous for the G542 nonsense mutation in the CFTR gene Several homozygous nonsense mutations in the CFTR gene (S1255X/G542X, W1316X/ R553X, G542X/G542X, R553X/R553X, and RI 162X/R1 162X) have been reported. Login to comment
74 J Med Genet 1992;29:558-62. 5 Bal J, Stuhrmann M, Schloesser M, et al. A cystic fibrosis patient homozygous for the nonsense mutation R553X. Login to comment
76 Mild pulmonary disease in a cystic fibrosis child homozygous for R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 7689013 [PubMed] Reiss J et al: "A comprehensive CFTR mutation analysis of German cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

56 Frequency of CFTR mutations checked routinely in German CF patients Mutation AF508 AI507 R553X G542X G551D R347P N1303K 1717 -lg-a S549R others in exon total Exon 10 10 11 11 11 7 21 llfb) 11 ll(c) Frequency 375/500 1/500 17/124(a) 13/124 7/124 6/124 6/124 5/124 2/124 0/124 % of total CF chromosomes 75.1 0.2 3.4 2.6 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.0 0.4 0.0 86.5 Reference (3) (17) (18) (17) (18) (10) (19) (17) (17) (20) (a) Non-AF508 chromosomes. Login to comment

PMID: 7686577 [PubMed] Lissens W et al: "Mild pulmonary, but severe hepatic disease in a cystic fibrosis patient homozygous for a frameshift mutation in the regulatory domain of the CFTR."

No. Sentence Comment

59 Mild pulmonary disease in a cystic fibrosis child homozygous for R553X. Login to comment
63 5 Bal J, Stuhrmann M, Schloesser M, et al. A cystic fibrosis patient homozygous for the nonsense mutation R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 7682896 [PubMed] Teem JL et al: "Identification of revertants for the cystic fibrosis delta F508 mutation using STE6-CFTR chimeras in yeast."

No. Sentence Comment

236 On the non-AF508 chromosome, the nonsense mutation R553X was found. Login to comment
238 In contrast, the mean value for patients (n = 80) homozygous for the AF508 mutation in that clinic was 109 mmolll and was 86 mmolll for patients (n = 9) heterozygous for R553X and AF508; these values are characteristic of CF patients and significantly higher than the normal range. Login to comment

PMID: 7681631 [PubMed] Trapnell BC et al: "Quantitative evaluation of gene expression in freshly isolated human respiratory epithelial cells."

No. Sentence Comment

92 This observation confirmed that the defect in CF, at least in patients with the most common gene defect AF 508,did not involve alteration in gene expression at the level of CFTR mRNA abundance as it appears to in cells from CF patients with other CFTR gene mutations such as R553X and Wl316X (32). Login to comment

PMID: 7681035 [PubMed] Reiss J et al: "Two cystic fibrosis patients with the genotype G542X/G551D."

No. Sentence Comment

29 R553X and G551D were screened by restriction enzyme digestion (Cutting et ah 1990), and other mutations within exon 11 by direct sequencing as described elsewhere (Plieth et al. 1992). Login to comment

PMID: 7681034 [PubMed] Ivaschenko TE et al: "Two new mutations detected by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis in cystic fibrosis from Russia."

No. Sentence Comment

14 The AF508 mutation accounts for 30% - 80% of all CF chromosomes, and several others (G551D, R553X, G542X, N1303K, and W1282X) consitute as high as 5% of the CF chromosomes in some populations (Cutting et al. 1990; Kerem et al. 1990; Os- Correspondenceto: M. Dean borne et al. 1991; Vidaud et al. 1990). Login to comment
57 Exon 11 Three DNA samples contained the known major mutation R553X (Cutting et al. 1990). Login to comment
64 Exon 10 ;7(%) Exon 11 n (%) Exon 19 n (%) Exon 20 ;7(%) Mutations R553X 3 (1.9%) S1196X 1(0.6%) WI282X 3 (I .9%) 3732delA 7 (4.4%) WI282R 1 (0.6%) Polymorphisms 1540G (Val) (40%) A4002G 10 (6.3%) 1540A (Met) 96 (60%) 1716+12 1 (0.6%) %C 1648(AorG) 1 (0.6%) (Ile-Val) 1525 61 7 (4.4%) polymorphism creates a MaeII site, leading to 370- and 120-bp fragments. Login to comment

PMID: 7684642 [PubMed] Will K et al: "Alternative splicing in the first nucleotide binding fold of CFTR."

No. Sentence Comment

50 X = stop mutation R553X, F = F508, N = normal. Login to comment
51 and dot blot analysis, we could show that the R553X carrying allele was absent in the PCR products from the R553X heterozygous probands 3, 4 and 6 (Will et al., manuscript in preparation). Login to comment
79 In the process of analyzing the effects of the stop mutation R553X, which is located in exon 11 of the CFTR gene, we observed a new case of alternative splicing, an insertion of a 119 bp fragment between exons 10 and 11. Login to comment
80 This additional fragment was present in three R553X heterozygous individuals. Login to comment
81 However, the simultaneous occurrence of R553X and the alternative splice product is probably due to a biased patient sample rather than to a influence of R553X in the splicing process. Login to comment
82 This is supported by ourfindingthat the aberrant 119 bp fragment is present in proband 15 and in the colon carcinoma cell line T84, which both do not carry the R553X mutation (data not shown). Login to comment
95 In both investigated families, the aberrantly spliced mRNAs were found to be transcribed from the normal alleles of the R553X heterozygous mothers. Login to comment
96 There is no CFTR transcript detectable in the mRNA from the R553X homozygous patient, and in the second patient, alternative splicing affects the paternally derived delta F5O8 allele. Login to comment
103 The results of our own study on transcription of the CFTR gene in patients homozygous or heterozygous for the stop mutation R553X, located in exon 11 support this observation (Will et al., manuscript in preparation). Login to comment
108 MATERIALS AND METHODS Probands 1. CF patient, male, German origin, moderately severely affected, homozygous for the stop mutation R553X, an CGA to TGA alteration at position 1789 in exon 11, the clinical features of this patient has previously been described in greater detail (28). Login to comment
109 2. CF carrier (R553X), male, German origin, symptomless adult, father of 1., 3. CF carrier (R553X), female, German origin, symptomless adult, mother of 1., 4. CF patient, male, German origin, moderately severely affected, compound heterozygous for F508 and R553X, 5. CF carrier ( F508), male, German origin, symptomless adult, father of 4., 6. CF carrier (R553X), female, German origin, symptomless adult, mother of 4., 7. CF carrier (R553X), male, American origin, symptomless adult, 8. healthy female, German origin, symptomless adult, 9. healthy male, Polish origin, symptomless adult, 10. Login to comment

PMID: 7678968 [PubMed] McGrath SA et al: "Cystic fibrosis gene and protein expression during fetal lung development."

No. Sentence Comment

294 Severe deficiency of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator messenger RNA carrying nonsense mutations R553X and W1316X in respiratory epithelial cells of patients with cystic fibrosis. Login to comment

PMID: 7684637 [PubMed] Richards B et al: "Multiplex PCR amplification from the CFTR gene using DNA prepared from buccal brushes/swabs."

No. Sentence Comment

108 observed AF5O8 G542X G551D W1282X R553X R560T 1717-1 N1303K 621 + 1 R117H S549N 1507 280 7 16 2 4 2 2 5 6 11 1 •Includes affected individuals and known carriers. Login to comment

PMID: 7684636 [PubMed] Shuber AP et al: "Efficient 12-mutation testing in the CFTR gene: a general model for complex mutation analysis."

No. Sentence Comment

48 A diird was hybridized with a pool of ASOs for the five most frequent CFTR mutations after AF508: G551D, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, and R553X. Login to comment
50 Percent GC content of allele-speciik oligonucleotides GC Content/ASO Mutation G542X G551D R553X W1282X N1303K DI507 1717-1 G - A R560T S549N R117H 621 + 1 G - T 40 53 53 47 41 30 41 53 53 47 30 HS«3X W12»2X N1J0JK £507 H117M • 21 SS4tN RSOOT Table 2. Login to comment
53 1) Number of ASOs (N = 12) 2) Mutation Frequencies # ofCF Mutation Chromosomes Frequency A508 G551D G542X W1282X N1303K R553X 621 + 1 G - T R117H 1717-1 G - A R560T AI507 S549N unknown Total 548 15 13 13 12. Login to comment
54 9 9 '3 3 2 1 1 133 764 • Minimal Number of Independent Conclusion (4 hybridizations) Filter # 1 N(A5O8) 2 A5O8 72.0% 2.0% 1.7% 2.0% 1.5% 1.1% 1.1% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 17.0% Hybridizations 3 4 G551D 621 + 1 G - T G542X R117H W1282X 1717-1 G - A N13O3K R560T R553X A507 S549N with the remaining six mutations: 621 + 1 G^T, R117H, 1717-1 G - A , R560T, AI507, and S549N. Login to comment
61 These results were scored as 1010 for the sample 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 N(A5.6) A ( + )Conlrol> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 M C o n l r o l s ' 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 * 1 0 1 1 1 2 OS42X Pool GS51D , R553X W 1 2 6 2 X N1303K < 2 3 4 S 8 7 8 9 10 1 1 1 2 /.507 R1 17H Peel 62 1 + 1 2 S54»N R560T 1 7 1 7 - 1 5: in lane 4, rows D and E; 1001 for the sample in lane 3, rows D and E; and 1101 for the sample in lane 5, rows D and E. Login to comment
68 For example, the pool-1-positive results observed for the sample in lane 4, rows D and E, of Figure 3 was found to be due to the R553X nonsense mutation (Figure 4). Login to comment
71 lnd«p*nd«nt Hybridizations E A ( B ^ 0 E A ( C* 0 E + )Conlrols * ) C o n l r o l « GS42X GSS1D R553X I W1282X N1303K 1 « Pool 1 Probss 2 3 4 • • 9 • 5 • • A( + ) B B A( + ) B A( + ) B A C ) A 807 R1 17H • 21 + 1 8S4tN RS«0T 1 # f Pool 2 Probes 2 3 4 i 5 » 6 A( B B B A( B A(- 1717-1 Figure 3. Login to comment
72 Example of results obtained from hybridizing four identical filters with ASOs specific for N (the normal sequence at position 508), AF508 (a 3 bp deletion at position 508), pool 1 (G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X, and N13O3K), and pool 2 (AI507, R117H, 621 + 1 G - T , S549N, R560T, 1717-1 G-A). Login to comment
73 Row A contains positive control samples with the following genotypes: 1A (AF508/AF508); 2A (AF508/G542X); 3A (AF5O8/G551D); 4A (N/R553X); 5A (NAV1282X); 6A (AF5O8/N13O3K); 7A (N/AI5O7); 8A (N/R117H); 9A (N/621 + 1 G-T); 10A (AF508/S549N); HA (AF508/R560T); and 12A (N/1717-1 G-A). Login to comment
79 Pool 1: lane 1 (G542X); lane 2 (G551D); lane 3 (R553X); lane 4 (W1282X); lane 5 (N1303K). Login to comment
86 Row A contains positive control samples: lane 2 (G542X); lane 3 (G551D); lane 4 (R553X); lane 5 (W1282X); lane 6 (N13O3K); lane 7 (AI507); lane 8 (R117H); lane 9 (621 +1 G-T)); lane 10 (S549N); lane 11 (R560T); lane 12 (1717-1 G-A)). Login to comment
122 For example, no cross-hybridization is seen here between ASOs for S549N, G55 ID, and R553X, which have identical target locations and differ in sequence by only one base pair. Login to comment

PMID: 8473422 [PubMed] Patrizio P et al: "Aetiology of congenital absence of vas deferens: genetic study of three generations."

No. Sentence Comment

5 Four patients were found to be compound heterozygotes, three with genotypes Delta F-508/R117H, one with R553X/R117H. Login to comment
45 In six patients the mutation identified was W1282X, a nonsense mutation, localized on exon 20 and predicting the production of truncated polypeptides of CFTR; one patient was found to have the R553X mutation, a nonsense mutation of the CG to TG rule localized on exon 11; one patient had the mutation 1717G-A, localized on intron 10, which would cause defective RNA splicing; one patient was found to have the G542X mutation, a nonsense mutation in exon 11. Login to comment
46 Four of the 26 patients were found to be compound heterozygotes, three with genotypes Delta F508/R117H and one with R553X/R117H. Login to comment
51 Exon 4,10,11,20 and 21 were amplified in a multiplex reaction followed by allele specific oligonucleotide (ASO) probe analysis for the mutations Delta F508, G542X, G551D, R553X, W1282X, N13O3K, Delta 1507, 1717G-A, R560T, S549N, R117H and 621 + 1. Login to comment
85 DF5O8/ DF5O8/ DF5O8/ DF508/ DF508/ DF508/ DF508/ DF5O8/ DF5O8/ DF5O8/ DF508/ DF5O8/ DF508/ W1282X/ W1282X/ W1282X/ W1282X/ W1282X/ DF508/R117H DF508/R117H DF508/R117H R553X/R117H R553X/ 1717G-A/ G542X/ Neg. NA NA NA NA DF508 NA NA NA Neg. NA NA NA NA Neg. NA NA NA DF508 NA R117H NA NA 1717G-A NA DF508 Neg. NA NA NA Neg. NA NA NA DF508 NA NA NA NA W1282X NA NA NA R117H NA DF508 NA NA Neg. NA Neg. Neg. NA NA NA Neg. NA Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. Neg. NA Neg. NA Neg. Neg. Neg. NA R117H NA NA NA Neg. (g) DF508 - ... - - (g) Neg. - ... _. - - - - (b) Neg. - ... - - (g) DF5O8 (b) DF508 - - - (b) Neg. - b = boy; g = girl; NA = data not available; -, no offspring; DF5O8 = Delta F508. Login to comment
95 R553X/R117H NA NA 2. Login to comment
123 Of these, four patients were found to be compound heterozygotes, three with genotype Rl 17H/Delta F5O8 and one with R117H/R553X. Login to comment
137 In the four patients identified as compound heterozygotes for two CF mutations and whose only CF-related symptom is absence of the vas deferens, all have one Rl 17H mutation in combination with either Delta F508 (n = 3) or R553X mutations (n = 1). Login to comment
144 The six CFTR mutations identified in this study occur on four exons plus one intron and represent deletion (Delta F508), nonsense (W1282X, 1717G-A and G542X) and amino acid substitution (R553X and R117H) mutations. Login to comment
145 R117H is one of the transmembrane regions of CFTR, Delta F508, W1282X and R553X are in nucleotide binding regions, and 1717G-A is at the splice border of intron 10 (Kerem et al., 1990; Cutting et al., 1990; Dean et al, 1990). Login to comment

PMID: 7680378 [PubMed] Curtis A et al: "Absence of cystic fibrosis mutations in a large Asian population sample and occurrence of a homozygous S549N mutation in an inbred Pakistani family."

No. Sentence Comment

15 In this study, we have analysed 443 unaffected Asians (400 unrelated Indians, 43 unrelated orientals) and 222 unrelated Caucasians from north-east England for the presence of exon 10 A F508 mutations and 200 members of the same Asian sample for the exon 11 mutations G551D, R553X, and S549.4 In addition, we have identified a Pakistani child with CF with consanguineous parents who is homozygous for the exon 11 mutation R549N. Login to comment
19 Such homozygotes are likely to be extremely rare, but some useful cases have been identified, such as aG85E homozygotel' and an R553X" homozygote, in addition to the S549N case described here. Login to comment
37 The S549 mutation was detected by the removal of a DdeI site and G551D and R553X mutations were identified by the creation of an MboI site and the removal of a HinclI site respectively in the exon 11 PCR product. Login to comment
43 None of the unaffected Asian samples tested (400 unrelated Indians, 43 unrelated orientals) were AF508, G551D, R553X, or S549 carriers. Login to comment
44 The five members of the Pakistani family tested negative for the AF508, G551D and R553X mutations, but the affected child appeared homozygous for the rare exon 11 S549 mutation when the PCR product failed to digest with DdeI. Login to comment
49 No carriers of the commonest Caucasian CF mutation (AF508) or of the less common G551D, R553X, and S549N mutations were detected in an Asian population of 443 unrelated subjects, even though the frequency of 5-8% in our population was slightly greater than expected. Login to comment
81 A CFTR product cystic fibrosis patient with the nonsense mutation G542X zygous R553X and the splice site mutation 1717-1 J Med Genet*1991;28:878-80. in a substitution io Chalkley G, Harris A. Login to comment
85 A nbrane protein, cystic fibrosis patient homozygous for the nonsense muta-tion R553X. Login to comment
38 The S549 mutation was detected by the removal of a DdeI site and G551D and R553X mutations were identified by the creation of an MboI site and the removal of a HinclI site respectively in the exon 11 PCR product. Login to comment
45 The five members of the Pakistani family tested negative for the AF508, G551D and R553X mutations, but the affected child appeared homozygous for the rare exon 11 S549 mutation when the PCR product failed to digest with DdeI. Login to comment
50 No carriers of the commonest Caucasian CF mutation (AF508) or of the less common G551D, R553X, and S549N mutations were detected in an Asian population of 443 unrelated subjects, even though the frequency of 5-8% in our population was slightly greater than expected. Login to comment
84 A CFTR product cystic fibrosis patient with the nonsense mutation G542X zygous R553X and the splice site mutation 1717-1 J Med Genet *1991;28:878-80. in a substitution io Chalkley G, Harris A. Login to comment
88 A nbrane protein, cystic fibrosis patient homozygous for the nonsense mutation R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 7678316 [PubMed] Kubesch P et al: "Genetic determinants of airways' colonisation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

62 most rapidly in AF508 compound heterozygotes with a stop mutation (G542X, R553X, R1162X, W1282X) or another mutation in the NBF-encoding exons on the second disease allele: Risk factor* Compound heterozygote (95% Cl) p AF508/nonsense 2-47 (1-42-4-29) < O-(Xn AF508/missense 0-78 (0-43-1-41) NS AF508/frameshift 0-52(021-132) NS AF508/splice site 0.40 (0-19--()-S6) < 0-05 OF508/NBFl orNBF2 1-99 (1-22-3-25) <0-01 AF508/TM1 or TM2 0-62 (0-30-1-30) NS AF508/R domain 0-46 (0-17-1-29) NS *Relative to AF508 homozygous group. Login to comment

PMID: 7683952 [PubMed] Audrezet MP et al: "Identification of 12 novel mutations in the CFTR gene."

No. Sentence Comment

58 3601-17 T - C This nucleotide change was detected in an affected child who carries an R553X mutation on the other chromosome. The nucleotide change is not situated in the 3' splice consensus sequence of intron 18 but as this change has never been observed on more than 200 normal alleles we have screened, one could expect that this mutation could affect splicing. Login to comment

PMID: 1281385 [PubMed] Ober C et al: "Ethnic heterogeneity and cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) mutation frequencies in Chicago-area CF families."

No. Sentence Comment

7 When a panel of 10 mutations (AF508, AI507, G542X, G551D, R553X, S549N, R1162X, W1282X, N1303K, and 1717-1G--A) was used, detection rates ranged from 75% in non-Ashkenazi Caucasians to 40% in African-Americans. Login to comment
36 Mutation Analysis DNA from each subject was screened for the following mutations: AF508 (Kerem et al. 1989a), G542X (Kerem et al. 1990), GS51D (Cutting et al. 1990), R553X (Cutting et al. 1990), S549N (Cutting et al. 1990), R1162X (Gasparini et al. 1991), W1282X (Vidaud et al. 1990), N1303K (Osborne et al. 1991), and 1717-1G- A (Guillermit et al. 1990; Kerem et al. 1990). Login to comment
63 The G551D mutation is believed to be of Celtic origin (Macek et al. 1991); eight of the nine carriers in our sample were of Irish or English ancestry. The frequency ofthe R553X mutation, which was detected in one Caucasian carrier and in one African-American carrier, was lowerthan frequencies reported by other U.S. laboratories (Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium, in press). Login to comment
80 Among 20 Pueblo and Navajo CF chromosomes, only one mutation (G542X) was detected by a panel of six mutations (AF508, G542X, GSS1D, R553X, G542X, and N1303K). Login to comment

PMID: 1282898 [PubMed] Fortina P et al: "Non-radioactive detection of the most common mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene by multiplex allele-specific polymerase chain reaction."

No. Sentence Comment

11 Five mutations have been identified (AF508, G551D, R553X, G542X, and N1303K), which account for 84% of all Caucasian CF chromosomes, and a rapid, reliable and cost-effective screening method is required that includes detection of these prevalent mutations. Login to comment
18 Oligonucleotide primers used for mutation detection by multiplex allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (MASPCR) Primers ~ Sequence b pMoV CF-W1468-N CF-508RP AF508 5' IVS-11 R553X-N R553X-M G551D-N G551D-M G542X-N G542X-M 5' IVS-2I N1303K-N N1303K-M 5'-GGCACCATTAAAGAAAATATCATCTT-3' l5 5'-TAGTGTGAAGGGTTCATATGCATAAT-3' 15 5'-GGCACCATTAAAGAAAATATCATTGG-3' 15 5'-CAACTGTGGTTAAAGCAATAGTGT-3' 20 5'-CTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCG-3' 10 5'-CTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCA-3' 10 5'-GAAATTCTTGCTCGTTGA C-3' 5 5'-GAAATTCTTGCTCGTTGAT-3 ' 5 5'-GTGTGATTCCACCTTCTCC-3' 2(1 5'-GTGTGATTCCACCTTCTCA-3' 20 5'-AAGAATGATACAAAGCAGACATG-3' 40 5'-CACTGTTCATAGGGATCCAAG-3' 40 5'-CACTGTTCATAGGGATCCAAC-3' 4(1 a Normal (N) and mutant (M) primers b Bold letters indicate single-base mutations c Amount (pMol) of each primer used in multiplex reactions single lane of a gel. Login to comment
22 DNA samples were obtained from CF patients with the AF508, G551D, R553X, and G542X mutations. Login to comment
31 Screening for the R553X mutation was done in two additional PCR reactions (with normal or mutant primer) since detection of the G551D and R553X mutations was not possible in the same lane on electrophoresis. Login to comment

PMID: 1384328 [PubMed] Abeliovich D et al: "Screening for five mutations detects 97% of cystic fibrosis (CF) chromosomes and predicts a carrier frequency of 1:29 in the Jewish Ashkenazi population."

No. Sentence Comment

51 (1990), R553X according to the method of Cutting et al. Login to comment

PMID: 1283148 [PubMed] Lindner M et al: "The spectrum of CFTR mutations in south-west German cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

4 Another 5 mutations accounted for a further 12.5% (4% G542X; 3% R553X; 3% N1303K; 2% 1717-1 G--~A; 0.5% G551D) whereas 6 mutations (R117H, A455E, AI507, $549I, $549N, and R1162X) were not found. Login to comment
27 The Rl162X, $549N, $549I and the R553X mutations were identified by DdeI or HincII restriction analysis (Gasparini et al. 1991: Cutting et al. 1990). Login to comment
33 The other five mutations were found on a further 12% of the CF chromosomes, the most numerous of these being G542X, R553X, and N1303K (Table 2).This distribution is similar to that found in a group of patients from the north of Germany, although in contrast to our Table 2. Login to comment
34 Mutations observed in 220 defective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) alleles Mutation n (%) Rll7H 0 A455E 0 AI507 0 AF508 147 (67) 1717-1G--*A 4 (2) G542X 9 (4) $549I 0 $549N 0 G551D 1 (<0.5) R553X 7 (3) R1162X 0 N1303K 6 (3) Unknown 46 (21) Total 220 (100) patients in that group R553X was considerably more common than G542X (Plieth et al. 1992). Login to comment
40 Genotype of 110 CF patients Genotype n (%) F508/F508a 54 (49) F508/1717-1G---~A 4 (3.5) F508/G542X 3 (3) F508/G551D 1 (1) F508/R553Xb 5 (4.5) F508/N1303K 4 (3.5) F508/unknown c 22 (20) G542X/N1303K 2 (2) G542X/unknown 4 (3.5) R553X/unknown 2 (2) Unknown/unknown d 9 (8) Total 110 (100) a Includes one Italian patient b Includes one patient with a French father and a German mother c Includes two Italian and one French patient Includes one Greek and one Turkish patient sorption is also indicated by repeated low stool chymotrypsin levels (<0.3 U/g) and a reduced excretion (< 10%) of para-amino benzoic acid (PABA) following a standardised oral challenge. Login to comment

PMID: 1384321 [PubMed] Grebe TA et al: "Mutation analysis of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene in Native American populations of the southwest."

No. Sentence Comment

5 Direct mutation analysis of six mutations of the CFTR gene-namely, AF508, G542X, G551D, R553X, N1303K, and W1282X-was performed on PCR-amplified genomic DNA extracted from blood samples. Login to comment
24 These mutations are G551D (Cutting et al. 1990), G542X (Kerem et al. 1990), and R553X (Cutting et al. 1990), which are all in exon 11, and N1303K (Osborne et al. 1991), in exon 21. Login to comment
78 Direct mutation analysis of the CFTR gene in the patients revealed no copies of AF508, GSS1D, R553X, N1303K, or W1282X. Login to comment

PMID: 1284888 [PubMed] Hamosh A et al: "CFTR nonsense mutations G542X and W1282X associated with severe reduction of CFTR mRNA in nasal epithelial cells."

No. Sentence Comment

3 We have reported that the R553X mutation (2) is associated with severe reduction of CFTR mRNA in respiratory epithelial cells of CF patients (3), and that this reduction is associated with undetectable CFTR protein (4). Login to comment
49 Approximately 3% of CF patients will be homozygous or compound heterozygous for the G542X, R553X, and W1282X mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 1284531 [PubMed] Shackleton S et al: "G27X: a novel mutation in exon 2 of the CF gene."

No. Sentence Comment

11 To date more than 27 predicted 'stop' mutations have been defined in the CF gene (4), several of these including G542X (5), R553X (6) and W1282X (7) being sufficently common to encounter homozygotes for the mutation, thus enabling potentially more informative predictions of genotype/phenotype associations. Login to comment

PMID: 1357180 [PubMed] Cheadle J et al: "Mutation analysis of 184 cystic fibrosis families in Wales."

No. Sentence Comment

28 In parallel to this system we ran a modified version of the multiplex used by Watson et al,'7 which subsequently allowed 621 + IG> T to be screened with AF508, AI507, G551D, and R553X at the same time. Login to comment
31 A ----239 bp ___186 bp -Heterodup:exes 2 3 4 HincII digestion and analysis on a 10% polyacrylamide gel detects AF508, AI507, G551D, and R553X (fig 2), and an MseI digest followed by analysis on a 3% NuSieve gel detects 621+1IG>T (fig 3). Login to comment
58 Sample I is normal, 2 a AF508 heterozygote, 3 a AI507 heterozygote, 4 a G551D or R553X heterozygote, and 5 a 621 + IG > T heterozygote. Login to comment
61 Welsh Mixed Undefined Total Mutation No % No % No % No % AF508 107/149 71-8 92/126 73 0 69/94 73 4 268/369 72-6 621 + 1G>T 10/42* 6-7 5/34* 4-0 4/25* 4-3 19/101* 51 G551D 2/42* 1-3 6/34* 4-8 3/25* 3-2 11/101* 3 0 G542X 4/42* 2-7 4/34* 3-2 1/25* 1.1 9/101* 2-4 G85E 0/41* 0-0 2/34* 1 6 3/24* 3*4 5/99* 1-4 R553X 2/42* 1-3 2/34* 16 0/25* 00 4/101* 1-1 R1283M 3/42* 2.0 0/34* 0.0 0/25* 0.0 3/101* 0-8 N1303K 1/42* 0 7 1/34* 0-8 0/24* 0.0 2/100* 0-6 AI507 2/149 1-3 0/126 0.0 0/94 0.0 2/369 0-5 R117H 1/42* 0 7 1/34* 0-8 0/25* 0.0 2/101* 0-5 1717- 1G>A 2/42* 1-3 0/34* 0 0 0/25* 0 0 2/101* 0-5 R560T 0/42* 00 0/34* 00 1/25* 1 1 1/101* 03 1154InsTC 0/40* 0 0 1/33* 0 9 0/24* 0.0 1/97* 0-3 V520F 0/42* 0 0 0/34* 0 0 0/25* 0.0 0/101* 0 0 W1282X 0/42* 0 0 0/34* 0.0 0/25* 0.0 0/101* 0 0 R347P 0/42* 0 0 0/34* 0 0 0/24* 0.0 0/100* 0 0 Q493X 0/42* 0 0 0/34* 0 0 0/24* 0 0 0/100* 00 Total (%) 89-8 90 7 86-5 891 * Non-AF508 chromosomes. Login to comment
65 R553X, however, is associated with two haplotypes (2,1,1,1 and 1,1,2,2) which is consistent with the hypothesis that this is a recurrent mutation.20 Using this correlation, we have attempted to determine the number of mutations that remain unidentified in our total population. Login to comment
75 A variety of methods for the analysis of multiple cystic fibrosis mutations has been presented.23 After recognising a relatively high frequency of 621 + 1G > T in the Welsh population, we modified a multiplex used by Watson et al'7 to allow the simultaneous detection of this mutation with AF508, AI507, G551D, and R553X; 82-3% of our total CF chromosomes can thus be screened using this system. Login to comment
97 We wish to thank Professor P S Harper, Dr D Shaw, and Dr A Clarke for their useful comments on this manuscript, Dr L Sandkuijl for his help with the statistical analyses, Dr M 0 621 + 1G> T Total G551D Total G542X Total G85E Total R553X Total R1283M Total N1303K Total AI507 Total RI 17H Total 1717-1 Total R560T Total 1154Ins TC Total 0 1 1 o o o 0 o 0 0 2 0 o o 0 1 0 0 I 1 1 1 I I I Al-Jader, Meredith Table S Distribution of haplotypes in the uncharacterised CF chromosomes. Login to comment

PMID: 1379414 [PubMed] Ferrie RM et al: "Development, multiplexing, and application of ARMS tests for common mutations in the CFTR gene."

No. Sentence Comment

65 ARMS tests were developed for the following mutations: AF508 (Riordan et al. 1989), A1507 (Schwarz et al. 1991), R117H (Dean et al. 1990), 621 + 1G-T (Zielenski et al. 1991), 1717G--oA (Guillermit et al. 1990), W1282X (Vidaud et al. 1990), GSS1D and R553X (Cutting et al. 1990), G542X and R560T (Kerem et al. 1990), and N1303K (Osborne et al. 1991). Login to comment
115 The mutations for which ARMS tests were developed were R560T, R553X, GS5iD, G542X, 1717-1G--A, 621 + 1G--T, N1303K, and W1282X. Login to comment
138 R553X: CACCTTGCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTAG ................. CACCTTGCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTAA ................. GS51D: GCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCGTTGCC ................. AGCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCGTTGCT ................. G542X: ACTCAGTGTGATTCCACCTTCTAC ...................... CACTCAGTGTGATTCCACCTTCTCA .................... 1717-1G>A: GTCTTTCTCTGCAAACTTGGAGATGTGC ............ GTCTTTCTCTGCAAACTTGGAGATGTGT ............ R117H: CACATATGGTATGACCCTCTATATAAACTC. Login to comment
156 b n m n m R553X 291bp * control - 220bp d n m n m G542X 256bp4- control 220bp e n m n m 621 +1G>T 380bp gn m n m f n m n m 360bp 4----- control 220bp h n m n m 1717G>A 220bp -- control - * 360bp W1282X I 178bp Figure 3 Single ARMS tests. Login to comment
161 The ARMS tests are as follows: a, R56OT; b, R553X; c, GSS1D; d, G542X; e, 621 + 1G T; f, N1303K; g, 1717G-A; and h, W1282X. Login to comment
66 ARMS tests were developed for the following mutations: AF508 (Riordan et al. 1989), A1507 (Schwarz et al. 1991), R117H (Dean et al. 1990), 621 + 1G-T (Zielenski et al. 1991), 1717G--oA (Guillermit et al. 1990), W1282X (Vidaud et al. 1990), GSS1D and R553X (Cutting et al. 1990), G542X and R560T (Kerem et al. 1990), and N1303K (Osborne et al. 1991). Login to comment
116 The mutations for which ARMS tests were developed were R560T, R553X, GS5iD, G542X, 1717-1G--A, 621 + 1G--T, N1303K, and W1282X. Login to comment
141 R553X: CACCTTGCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTAG ................. CACCTTGCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTAA ................. GS51D: GCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCGTTGCC ................. AGCTAAAGAAATTCTTGCTCGTTGCT ................. G542X: ACTCAGTGTGATTCCACCTTCTAC ...................... CACTCAGTGTGATTCCACCTTCTCA .................... 1717-1G>A: GTCTTTCTCTGCAAACTTGGAGATGTGC ............ GTCTTTCTCTGCAAACTTGGAGATGTGT ............ R117H: CACATATGGTATGACCCTCTATATAAACTC. Login to comment
159 b n m n m R553X 291bp * control - 220bp d n m n m G542X 256bp 4- control 220bp e n m n m 621 +1G>T 380bp gn m n m f n m n m 360bp 4----- control 220bp h n m n m 1717G>A 220bp -- control - * 360bp W1282X I 178bp Figure 3 Single ARMS tests. Login to comment
164 The ARMS tests are as follows: a, R56OT; b, R553X; c, GSS1D; d, G542X; e, 621 + 1G T; f, N1303K; g, 1717G-A; and h, W1282X. Login to comment

PMID: 1380943 [PubMed] Osborne L et al: "Incidence and expression of the N1303K mutation of the cystic fibrosis (CFTR) gene."

No. Sentence Comment

75 N/A data not available Genotype Number Meana (range) age Male/ Pancreatic status Meconium Sputum female ileusb colonisation ofof patients Current At diagnosis PS PI P.aeruginosa Yes No Mean (range) of FEVj percentage of that predicted AF508 79 10 0.7 • 0.6 16 / 20 0 55 10/58 20 8 N1303K (0.5-36) (0-2.5) N1303K 10 7 1 • 1 3/3 0 6 1/6 3 1 N1303K (3-12) (0.1-1.5) G551D 6 19 9.7 • 2.2 1/ 2 0 4 0/4 3 1 N1303K (17-22) (8-12) G542X 8 7 0 • 0 2/3 0 4 4/5 0 2 N1303K (0.1-12) 621+lG---~T 1 22 18 1/0 0 1 0/1 1 0 N1303K W1282X 4 13.5 0.7 • 0.6 3 / 1 0 4 0/4 0 1 N1303K (5-23) (0.25-1.7) R560T 1 5 41 1 / 0 0 1 0/1 0 1 N1303K R553X 1 N/A N/A N/A 0 1 0/1 N/A N/A N1303K R334W 1 19 N/A 1/0 0 1 0/1 N/A N/A N1303K R1162X 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N1303K 1717-1G---~A 2 7 N/A 0/1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N1303K 3659delC 1 21 74 0/1 0 1 0/1 1 0 N1303K 1078delT 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N1303K Other 90 12 4.3 • 5.6 9/9 5 19 2/17 4 10 N1303K (2-24) (0.1-15) 63 (32-101) 65 (46-84) 80 (66-93) N/A 55 70 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 26 N/A 66 a Mean +_SD b Shown as a fraction of the patients for whom data was available the percentage of FEV1 between age-matched N1303K homozygotes and AF508/N1303K heterozygotes (65% vs 75%, P> 0.1). Login to comment

PMID: 1381442 [PubMed] Gasparini P et al: "Nine cystic fibrosis patients homozygous for the CFTR nonsense mutation R1162X have mild or moderate lung disease."

No. Sentence Comment

118 No CFTR mRNA was detected in bronchial and nasal epithelial cells from a CF patient, a compound heterozygote for mutations R553X and W1316X,35 with severe pancreatic insufficiency and mild pulmonary disease as reported below. Login to comment
121 Cutting et al'6 reported two compound heterozygotes for stop mutations S1255X/G542X and W1316X/R553X (see above), respectively. Login to comment
125 A patient homozygous for nonsense mutation R553X with lung function 'only moderately affected' at 13-5 years of age was reported by Bal et al.38 These reports indicate that mild lung symptoms of the disease are not necessarily restricted to stop mutations occurring only in the terminal half of the CFTR. Login to comment
209 Severe deficiency of CFTR mRNA carrying nonsense mutations R553X and W1316X in respiratory epithelial cells of patients with cystic fibrosis. Login to comment
215 38 Bal J, Stuhrmann M, Schlosser M, et al. A cystic fibrosis patient homozygous for the nonsense mutation R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 1380689 [PubMed] Liechti-Gallati S et al: "Genotype/phenotype association in cystic fibrosis: analyses of the delta F508, R553X, and 3905insT mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

4 The relation between the cystic fibrosis mutations .6.F508, R553X, and 3905insT and clinical parameters such as sweat test electrolytes, age at chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa COlonization, Chrispin-Norman x-ray scores, and relative underweight have been investigated in 45 patients homozygous for .6.F508 (.6.F2), in 12 compound heterozygotes for .6.F508/R553X (.6.F1/ RX1), in three R553X homozygotes (RX2), and in 13 patients compound heterozygous for .6.F508/3905insT (.6.F16). Login to comment
6 The significant results as wellas some trends regarding the relative underweight demonstrate a milder clinical course in R553X heterozygotes and more severe disease in the .6.F16 group compared to .6.F508 homozygotes. Login to comment
7 The three patients homozygous for R553X presented with a two-stage course showing mild progression before P. aeruginosa infection and as severe a course as the .6.F16 patients after P. aeruginosa colonization at the age of 12 y. Login to comment
30 We previously reported on DNA marker haplotypes of restriction fragment length polymorphisms flanking the CF gene as well as on l>F508 and R553X frequencies in CF families of Switzerland (20, 21). Login to comment
42 The new detected 3905insT mutation of exon 20 (manuscript in preparation) and the R553X mutation have turned out to be the second and third most common mutations in Switzerland, showing strong linkage to haplotype 6 and 3, respectively. Login to comment
43 Three patients presenting with genotype 33 were homozygous for R553X (RX2), 12 demonstrated heterozygosity for DoF508 and R553X (DoFI /RX I), and 13 patients were compound heterozygous for DoF508 and 3905insT related to haplotype 6 (DoFI6). Login to comment
44 The following data and figures present the relation between parameters of the clinical course and the specific CF mutations DoF508, R553X, and 3905insT. Login to comment
60 The presence of R553X and 3905insT was tested by amplification of exons II and 20 followed either by digestion of the amplification product by the restriction enzyme HincH or by sequencing of the single-stranded polymerase chain reaction product. Login to comment
73 However, the tendencies are the same as for x-ray scores: ~F 16 patients are the most underweight, and R553X patients develop mild underweight during the 1st decade, but thereafter dramatically increase the underweight up to 28.7% at the age of 20 y (Table 2). Login to comment
79 Our data demonstrate that patients carrying two R553X mutations present with the latest onset of P. aeruginosainfection of all genetic subgroups and that ~F508/R553X compound heterozygotes show significantly later onset than do t.F508 homozygotes (Fig. IA ). Login to comment
81 Although the role of P. aeruginosa colonization in the pathogenesis of lung disease in CF is still not clear (26), we found some relationship between the age at P. aeruginosa onset and a significant increase of x-ray scores in t.F508 as well as R553X homozygous patients (Table I). Login to comment
88 Homozygosity for R553X means later onset ofinfection (12.0 y; range 6.217.3 y; n = 3) than homozygosity for ~F508 (6.7 y; range 0.217.4 y; n = 35). Login to comment
93 and compound heterozygotes for t.F508 and R553X (t.FI/RXI; e ); B, t. F508 homozygotes (t.F2; .) Login to comment
94 and compound heterozygotes for t.F508 and 3905insT (t.FI6; A); and C, compo und heterozygotes for t.F508 and R553X (t.FI / RX I; e ) and compound heterozygotes for t.F508 and 3905insT (t.FI6; A). Login to comment
101 The nonsense mutation R553X seems to decrease the influence of the i1F508 deletion in i1F508/R553X heterozygotes, causing a milder course and slowed progression (Fig. lA, Tables 1 and 2). Login to comment
102 The two compound heterozygous groups i1FI/RXI and i1FI6 indicate dominant effects of both the R553X (Fig. IB, Table 1) and 3905insT (Fig. Ie, Table 1) mutations compared with i1F508. Login to comment
104 In their 1st decade, the three patients homozygous for R553X confirm this hypothesis. Login to comment

PMID: 1378801 [PubMed] McIntosh I et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and the etiology and pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

69 Apart from the iF508 mutation, five other mutations (G542X,3 G551D, R553X, W1282X, and N1303K) occur at frequencies greater than 1% in the majority of populations (4, 16). Login to comment

PMID: 1376017 [PubMed] Cutting GR et al: "Analysis of four diverse population groups indicates that a subset of cystic fibrosis mutations occur in common among Caucasians."

No. Sentence Comment

96 Two other mutations (S549N and R553X) in African-Americans have been reported to occur in Caucasian CF patients, although R553X is probably a recurrent mutation (Reiss et al. 1991). Login to comment

PMID: 1376016 [PubMed] Kristidis P et al: "Genetic determination of exocrine pancreatic function in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

10 This result is thus consistent with the hypothesis that PI and PS in CF are predisposed by the genotype at the CFTR locus; the PS phenotype occurs in patients who have one or two mild CFTR mutations, such as R117H, R334W, R347P, A455E, and P574H, whereas the PI phenotype occurs in patients with two severe alleles, such as AF508, A1507, Q493X, G542X, R553X, W1282X, 621 + 1G-PT, 1717-1G--'A, 556delA, 3659delC, I148T, G480C, V520F, G551D, and R560T. Login to comment
58 Intron 10: 1717-1G-'A Exon 11: G542X .......... S549R ........... G551D .......... R553X .......... R560T .......... Exon 12: Y563N .......... P574H .......... Exon 19: 3659delC ....... Exon 20: W1282X ....... Exon 21: N1303K ..... G460-C A deletion G482-'A A deletion T575-C 621 + 1G-T C1132-T C1172- G C1496-A G1505-'T G1570-T C1609-T 3-bp deletion 3-bp deletion G1690-T G1717-1-A G1756-T T1779-G G1784- A C1789-T G1811-C T1819- A C1853- A C deletion G3978-A C4041-G Asp 110-His Frameshift Arg 117-His Frameshift Ile 148-Thr Splice mutation Arg 334-Trp Arg 347-Pro Ala 455- Glu Gly 458-'Val Gly480-Cys Gln 493- stop del of Ile 507 del of Phe 508 Val 520-Phe Splice mutation Gly 542- stop Ser 549-'Arg Gly 551-WAsp Arg 553- stop Arg 560- Thr Tyr 563- Asn Pro 574-His Frameshift Trp 1282-stop Asn 1303-Lys Dean et al. 1990 White et al. 1991 Dean et al. 1990 Zielenski et al. 1991a F. Rininsland, D. Bozon, and L.-C. Tsui, unpublished data Zielenski et al. 1991a Gasparini et al. 1991 Dean et al. 1990 Kerem et al. 1990b Cuppens et al. 1990 Strong et al. 1991 Kerem et al. 1990b Kerem et al. 1990b Kerem et al. 1989b Jones et al. 1991 Kerem et al. 1990b Kerem et al. 1990b Kerem et al. 1990b Cutting et al. 1990 Cutting et al. 1990 Kerem et al. 1990b Kerem et al. 1990b Kerem et al. 1990b Kerem et al. 1990b Vidaud et al. 1990 Osborne et al. 1990 PI or PS, but not with both. Login to comment
66 As shown in table 3, meconium ileus Table 2 1181 Table 3 Frequency of 25 CF Mutations in Chromosomes of the Toronto Study Population Mutation AF508 ...... G551D...... G542X...... 621 +1G-'T N1303K..... W1282X..... R1 17H...... 1717-1G-~A R560T...... A1507 ...... R553X...... V52OF ...... R334W ..... A455E...... I148T ...... Q493X...... P574H...... R347P ...... SS6delA ..... 3659delC .... G480C...... 444delA ..... D110H...... G458V...... S549R ...... Y563N...... Login to comment
73 Complete CF Genotypes for 394 Patients No. OF PATIENTS GENOTYPE WITH Allele 1 Allele 2 pla P AF508 ...... AF508 277 (49) 2 G551D 21 (1) 0 G542X 18 (9)c 0 621+1G-~T 11 (1) 0 AI507 7 (1) 0 N1303K 6 (1) 0 R560T 5 0 1717-lG-A 5 (1) 0 556delA 3 0 Q493X 3 0 R553X 3 (1) 0 W1282X 3 0 3659delC 2 0 1148T 1 0 R117H 0 9 A445E 0 2 P574H 0 2 R347P 0 1 G551D ..... 1717-lG-~A 2 0 621+1G-~T 1 0 G480C 1 0 G551D 1 0 V520F 1 (1) 0 G542X ..... V520F 1 0 1148T ...... W1282X 1 (1) 0 W1282X .... W1282X 1 0 N1303K .... R553X 1 (1) 0 R117H ..... R117H 0 1 G542X 0 1 R334W ..... R334W 0 1 a1 Numbers in parentheses are number of patients with neonatal meconium ileus. Login to comment
81 Table 4 Classification of CF Gene Mutations as Severe or Mild with Respect to Pancreatic Function Type of Mutation Severe (location) Mild (location) Missense (point mutation) ...... 1148T (exon 4) R117H (exon 4) G480C (exon 9) R334W (exon 7) VS2OF (exon 10) GSS1D (exon 11) R347P (exon 7) RS60T (exon 11) A455E (exon 9) N1303K (exon 21) P574H (exon 12) Single amino acid deletion ........ AFS08 (exon 10) A1507 (exon 10) Stop codon (nonsense) ..... Q493X (exon 10) G542X (exon 11) R553X (exon 11) W1282X (exon 20) Splice junction ... 621 + 1G-T (intron 4) 1717-1G-T (intron 10) Frameshift ........ 556delA (exon 4) 3659delC (exon 19) with any of the mild mutations was associated with PS. Login to comment
85 Accordingly, the mutations R117H, R334W, R347P, A455E, and P574H may be regarded as mild, whereas AF508, AI507, Q493X, G542X, R553X, W1282X, 621 + 1G-T, 1717-1G--A, 556delA, 3659delC, 1148T, G480C, V520F, GSS1D, and R560T are severe. Login to comment

PMID: 1377660 [PubMed] Larsen J et al: "Frequency of delta F508 mutation and haplotype analysis in Austrian cystic fibrosis families."

No. Sentence Comment

40 Acknowledgements.We greatly appreciate the help of L.-C. Tsui (Toronto) in providing DNA samples as positive controls for our AF508 system, K. Harrington (London) for the G551D, R553X and 621+ 1G-T primers, and O. Stur for the whole blood samples of CF patients. Login to comment

PMID: 1375186 [PubMed] Nemeti M et al: "The occurrence of various non-delta F508 CFTR gene mutations among Hungarian cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

3 To identify other common mutations in CF families from Hungary, 30 non-AF508 CF chromosomes were analyzed for selected mutations in exon 11 (G551D, R553X, G542X), intron 4 (621+1G--~T), intron 10 (1717-1G---~A), exon 20 (W1282X), and in exon 21 (N1303K) of the CFTR gene. Login to comment
4 In 6 of the 30 non-AF508 CF chromosomes the following mutations were detected: R553X, G542X, 1717-1G---~A, W1282X, and N1303K. Login to comment
16 As 13 different mutations have been reported within exon 11 alone (Cutting et al. 1990; Devoto et al. 1991; DOrk et al. 1991; Kerem et al. 1990; Sangiuolo et al. 1991; Strong et al. 1991), our first aim was to check the frequency of three of the more frequent mutations in this exon, namely G551D, R553X, and G542X. Login to comment
21 Mutations G551D and R553X were detected by the method described previously (Cutting et al. 1990). Login to comment
32 Screening of 84 Hungarian CF chromosomes for eight CFTR gene mutations Name of mutation No. of No. of chromosomes mutant screeneda chromosomes AF508 (Exon 10) 84 54 G551D (Exon 11) 30 0 R553X (Exon 11) 30 2 G542X (Exon 11) 28 1 621+lG--*T (Intron 4) 27 0 1717-1G--~A (Intron 10) 27 1 W1282X (Exon 20) 26 1 N1303K (Exon 21) 25 1 a Chromosomes with an identified mutation were excluded for examination of other mutations Results and discussion The results of screening 84 parental CF chromosomes for these 8 mutations are summarized in Table 1. Login to comment
34 In the 6 non-AF508 chromosomes the following mutations were found: R553X (2 chromosomes), G542X, 1717-1G---,A, W1282X, and N1303K. Login to comment
35 The six mutant chromosomes were of the B haplotype (XV-2c: allele 1; KM-19: allele 2) (Estivill et al. 1987a, b), except in the case of one R553X mutation, where the haplotype phase was ambiguous. Login to comment

PMID: 1284468 [PubMed] Cheadle JP et al: "A new missense mutation (R1283M) in exon 20 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene."

No. Sentence Comment

5 From a sample of 373 CF chromosomes, 318 proved to have one of the following mutations: delta F508, delta 1507, G551D, R553X, G542X, R117H, 1717-1G>A, R560T and 621 + 1G>T. Login to comment

PMID: 1371263 [PubMed] Dork T et al: "Intra- and extragenic marker haplotypes of CFTR mutations in cystic fibrosis families."

No. Sentence Comment

6 Whereas all analysed AF508 chromosomes carried the same KM. 19-D9-J44-GATT-TUB9- M470V-T854T haplotype, another frequent mutation in Germany, R553X, was identified on two different major haplotypes. Hence, a priori haplotyping cannot exclude a particular CF mutation, but in combination with population genetic data, enables mutations to be ranked by decreasing probability. Login to comment
25 Most CFTR mutations were investigated by restriction analysis of PCR products (R334W, R347P, A455E, G551D, R553X, 2789+5 G---~A,Rl162X, W1282X) (Cutting et al. 1990; Dean et al. 1990b; Gasparini et al. 1991b; Highsmith et al. 1990; Kerem et al. 1990;Vidaud et al. 1990) (see Table 4). Login to comment
92 The more frequent mutations G542X, G551D, R553X are located in sequence motifs that are evolutionarily conserved amongst the members of ABC transport proteins (Riordan et al. 1989; Hyde et al. 1990). Login to comment
98 ASO, Allele-specificoligonucleotide hybridization; TGGE, temperature gradient gel electrophoresis; SSCP, single strand conformation polymorphism Mutation Localization No. % Method of detectiona Reference R117H Exon 4 2 0.4 ASO Dean et al. (1990b) R334W Exon 7 2 0.4 RFLP MspI Gasparini et al. (1991b) R347P Exon 7 5 1.0 RFLP NcoI Dean et al. (1990b) A455E Exon 9 1 0.2 RFLP AciI Kerem et al. (1990) F508C2 Exon 10 1 0.2 Nondenaturing PAGE Kobayashi et al. (1990) AF508 Exon 10 370 74.0 Nondenaturing PAGE Kerem et al. (1989) 1717-1 G---~A Intron 10 2 0.4 TGGE Kerem et al. (1990) G542X Exon 11 5 1.0 Allele-specificPCR Kerem et al. (1990) G551D Exon 11 5 1.0 RFLP DpnII Cutting et al. (1990) R553X Exon 11 12 2.4 RFLP HincII Cutting et al. (1990) 2789 + 5 G---~A Intron 14B 3 0.6 RFLP SspI Highsmith et al. (1990) Rl162X Exon 19 1 0.2 RFLP DdeI Gasparini et al. (1991b) 3659delC Exon 19 3 0.6 SSCP Kerem et al. (1990) W1282X Exon 20 2 0.4 RFLP MnlI Vidaud et al. (1990) N1303K Exon 21 7 1.4 Allele-specificPCR Osborne et al. (1991) Unpublished 13 2.6 Unknown 66 13.2 Total 500 a All non-AF508 mutations were subsequently verified by direct genomic sequencing of the respective PCR product b F508C was first detected on an N chromosome (Kobayashi et al. 1990) and hence is suspected to represent a benign missense mutation Table 5. Login to comment
100 The four major haplotypes are indicated in bold type KM.19 D9 J44 GATT TUB9 M470V T854T TUB18 TUB20 Mutation 1 l 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 i 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 R347P, F508C, R1162X, 3659delC 1717-1 G--~A, G551D, R553X (n = 2), 2789 + 5 G---~A,W1282X R117H R334W, A455E, G542X, N1303K, AF508 (96%) ~F508 (4%) R553X (n = 10) a Haplotypes were assigned from the individual pedigrees mutation was located on a single KM. 19-D9-J44-GATT-TUB9-M470V-T854T haplotype. Login to comment
101 A notable exception turned out to be the second most frequent mutation in the German CF population, R553X. Login to comment
102 Major and minor haplotypes differ by six out of the ten alleles; this may be explained by two separate origins of the R553X nonsense mutation in mid-European Caucasians. Login to comment
105 In our panel, all CF chromosomes that carried the fourth frequent CF haplotype harboured the R553X stop mutation. Login to comment
144 The most intriguing example in this respect is the R553X mutation. Login to comment
146 The nucleotide substitution, which follows the CG-TG rule (Cooper and Krawczak 1990), was first described in two American Blacks (Cutting et al. 1990) who carry the same XV-2c-KM. 19-D9 haplotype as two German R553X compound heterozygotes. Login to comment
147 Another ten German R553X chromosomes harbour a different, yet common, 10-marker haplotype (Table 5). Login to comment
148 The occurrence of R553X in separate ethnic populations and on different haplotypes strongly suggests the existence of at least two (probably even more) founders of this stop mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 1370807 [PubMed] Plieth J et al: "Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of exon 11 of the CFTR gene reliably detects more than one third of non-delta F508 mutations in German cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

16 Indeed, two mutational "hot spots" have been identified, one of which, located within the 95-bp exon 11 (Cutting et al. 1990), contains a number of mutations including G551D, R553X, 1717-1G--~A (splice-site mutation), G542X and $549R. Login to comment
18 A combination of restriction enzyme digestion (for R553X and G551D) and/or allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization (for G542X and 1717-1G--~A) is now routinely performed to detect known mutations in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified DNA samples. Login to comment
47 Nearly half of these chromosomes contained R553X but the remainder contained G551D, G542X, 1717-1G--~A and $549R. Login to comment
54 Distribution of non-AF508mutations in 59 German patients Non-AF508mutations Chromo- % (n = 72) somes In exon 11 R553X 12 16.6 G542X 5 6.9 G551D 4 5.5 1717-1G---~A(5' splicesite) 3 4.1 $549R 2 2.8 Others 9 12.5 Undetermined 37 51.4 Fig. la-c. Login to comment
59 W Wildtype control, lane 1 $549R/ $549R, lane 2 G551D, lane 3 1717-1G---~A,lane 4 G542X, lane 5 R553X, lane 6 R553X/R553X, lane 7 G542X/1717-1 SSCP analysis was then performed upon the same set of DNA samples to test the mutation-detection efficiency of this method. Login to comment
63 Mutation-specific bands can thus be noted in patient samples bearing the heterozygous mutations G551D, 1717-1G--+A, G542X and R553X. Login to comment
64 Furthermore, individuals homozygous for the mutations $549R and R553X, and compound heterozygous for G542X/1717-1G-->A were readily distinguishable from patients heterozygous for these mutations because of the absence of wildtype bands in the former (Fig. 1). Login to comment
72 SSCP analysis performed on DNAs of six individuals with the following genotypes (nucleotide change in brackets): lanes W wildtype/wildtype, lanes 1 G551D/wildtype (G-*A), lanes 2 1717- 1G-~A/wildtype (G--~A), lanes 3 G542X/wildtype (G--~T), lanes 4 R553X/wildtype (C----~T),lanes 5 S549R/S549R(T-*G). Login to comment
76 In the case of the mutations 1717-1G--*A and R553X, the coding strands exhibit the same electropboretic mobility and only the non-coding strands of the wild-type and mutant allele can be distinguished lead to similar electrophoretic mobility of the mutation-bearing and wildtype strands. Login to comment

PMID: 1375961 [PubMed] Super M et al: "The gene defect in cystic fibrosis and clinical applications of the knowledge."

No. Sentence Comment

44 337 resulting in amino-acid substitutions (eg G551D, AF5w 61 glycine substituted 'by aspartic acid),* in stop-codon AA 6 (includes 3 homozygotes, G551D) point mutations (eg R553X-arginine substituted by AF"We? Login to comment

PMID: 1715309 [PubMed] Reiss J et al: "Discrimination between recurrent mutation and identity by descent: application to point mutations in exon 11 of the cystic fibrosis (CFTR) gene."

No. Sentence Comment

2 These Caucasian patients were found to possess an identical haplotype background for two common mutations (G551D, R553X) constistent with their being identical by descent. However, a different R553X associated haplotype found in American black patients was suggestive of recurrent mutation, a postulate supported by the location of the R553X alteration in a hypermutable CpG dinucleotide. Login to comment
3 Likelihood estimates for recurrent mutation and identity by descent were compared and strongly supported the hypothesis of recurrent R553X mutation. Login to comment
15 In this study, we report the frequency of G551D and R553X mutations on CF chromosomes from Western Germany and use derived restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) haplotype data in an attempt to distinguish between the alternative hypotheses of recurrent mutation and identity by descent. Login to comment
26 Results PCR amplification products of exon 11 of the CFTR gene from 59 unrelated CF patients who had previously been identified as carrying at least one non-AFS08 mutation (Wagner et al. 1990; Reis et al. 1990), were analysed with restriction enzymes HincII to screen for mutations R553X and G551D, and DdeI for mutations of codon $549 (Table 1). Login to comment
30 For the remaining 10 chromosomes, sequence alterations other than that responsible for R553X are possible; these would result in the loss of a HincII site without the creation of a MboI site. Login to comment
31 However, R553X is the only mutation of this kind so far described that occurs at a significant frequency in population studies. Login to comment
32 Moreover, PCR/direct sequencing of five of these alleles confirmed the presence of a R553X nonsense mutation (data not shown). Login to comment
34 Frequency of exon 11 mutations on non-AF508chromo- somes of German CF patients Detection Loss ofHincII site Loss of DdeI site Absence of Presence of MboI site MboI site Corresponding R553X G551D - mutation Frequency 10out of 75 4 out of 75 0 out of 75 Fig.la, b. Login to comment
38 Unless otherwise indicated, the underlined alleles indicate haplotypes derived by homozygosity Acronym AF508 KM19 XV2c pJ3.11 (PstI) (TaqI) (PstI/mspId) R553X 1226(homozygous) -/- _1-_1 _1-_1 2-2 1570 -/m 1-2a 1-1 1-2 2063 -/m 1-2b 1-1 1-2a 3946 -/- 1-2a 1-2 1-2 3986 -/m 1-2a 1-1 2-2 4133 -/- 1-2 1-1 2-2 4773 -/m 1-2a 1-1 2-2 5416 -/m 1-2a 1-1 1-2 5426 -/m 1-2a 1-1 1-2a Associated with R553X 1 1 2 G551D 2547 -/- 2-2 1-1 2-2 3937 -/m 2-2 2-1b'c 1-2a 4701 -/m 2-2 1-1 1-2a 5172 -/m 2-2 1-1 2-2 Associated with G551D 2 1 2 a Family genotyping b Subtraction of the KM19(2)-XV2c(1) haplotype (b) associated with the AF508deletion (Reis et al. 1990) c Recombination (illustrated in Fig. 2) d Not distinguished in population studies on account of strong linkage disequilibrium (Northrup et al. 1989) Results from a combined haplotype analysis are shown in Table 2. Login to comment
39 Evaluation of homozygous alleles, family genotyping or subtraction of the well-established AF508- associated haplotype (Krawczak et al. 1988; Wagner et al. 1990) from heterozygotes revealed the haplotypes associated with mutations R553X and G551D. Login to comment
41 A detailed description of patient 1226, identified as a homozygote for the R553X mutation, will be presented elsewhere (Bal et al., in press). Login to comment
42 R553X is associated with the 1(KM19)-l(XV2c)- 2(p J3.11) haplotype on all Caucasian chromosomes analysed. Login to comment
45 For alleles in brackets,the phase could not be determined from American black CF patients, R553X was observed on a 2(KM19)-2(XV2c) haplotype, one of which additionally carried a 1(pJ3.11) allele. Login to comment
46 Were two R553X- bearing chromosomes with different marker haplotypes to be traced back generation by generation, then at least one of these lineages must have originated either in a recurrent mutation creating a new R553X substitution on a different haplotype background, or in recombination events, in this case involving markers on both sides of the CFTR gene. Login to comment
49 If we assume that the population frequency of R553X (i.e. 10-3) has remained relatively constant over a reasonable period of time, then the likelihood for a recombination event can be estimated as Li = 10-3 x 10-4 x 10-2 = 10-9 per meiosis, neglecting RFLP allele frequencies. Login to comment
51 Moreover, the C to T transition responsible for R553X is consistent with the model of methylation-mediated deamination. Login to comment
77 The R553X substitution was first described by Cutting et al. (1990) in two American black patients both of whom carried the mutation on identical haplotypes for 4 informative sites including KM19 and XV2c (both allele 2). Login to comment

PMID: 1715308 [PubMed] Dork T et al: "Cystic fibrosis with three mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene."

No. Sentence Comment

6 The index case carried the R553X nonsense mutation on the paternal chromosome. Login to comment
7 The R553X mutation was present on a further 9 out of 86 German non-AF508 CF chromosomes linked with the XV2c-KM19- Mp6d9-J44-GATT haplotypes 2-2-2-1-1 and 1-1-2-1-2. Login to comment
8 The location of R553X on separate haplotypes including both alleles of the intragenic GATT repeat suggests an ancient and/or multiple origins of the R553X mutations. Login to comment
9 The association of the genotype of the CFTR mutation and the clinical phenotype was assessed for the patients carrying the related genotypes AF508/AF508 (n = 80), AF508/R553X (n = 9) and AF508-R553Q/R553X (n = 1). Login to comment
31 For analysis of the R553X mutation, exon 11 of CFTR was amplified from genomic DNA by PCR using the flanking intron primers 11i-5 5'-CAACTGTGGTTAAAGCAATAGTGT-3' and 11i-3 5'-GCACAGATTCTGAGTAACCATAAT-3' (Cutting et al. 1990) (35 cycles, 90s at 52~ 60s at 72~ 60s at 91~ The 425-bp DNA fragment was either digested with HincII or MboI and subsequently separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Login to comment
34 The presence of the R553X and R553Q mutations was verified by direct genomic sequencing of the PCR product (Gyllenstein and Erlich 1988). Login to comment
41 Results and discussion Incidence and haplotype of the R553X mutation Seventy-five German CF families with at least one non-AF508 CF chromosome were screened for the G551D and R553X mutations in exon 11 of CFTR using MboI or HincII digestions (Cutting et al. 1990). Login to comment
44 These data indicate that the R553X nonsense mutation, discovered in two American Black CF patients (Cutting et al. 1990) accounts for approximately 10% of mutations on German non-AF508 CF chromosomes. Login to comment
46 We found the R553X mutation on chromosomes with the XV2cT/KM19P/Mp6d9/J44/GATT haplotype 2-2-21-1 (one case) and 1-1-2-1-2 (others). Login to comment
47 In American Blacks, the R553X mutation was detected on the XV2cT/KM19P/Mp6d-9 marker haplotype 2-2-2 (Cutting et al. 1990). Login to comment
49 These findings suggest an ancient and/or multiple origins of the R553X mutations. Login to comment
50 The R553Q mutation In one patient who was harboring the R553X mutation, another nucleotide change was detected at the same codon of CFTR (Fig. 1). Login to comment
52 Sequence analysis of the parental samples revealed that the R553Q mutation was present on the maternal AF508 CF chromosome, whereas the paternal chromosome carried the R553X mutation. Login to comment
53 Hence, the patient with the AF508-R553Q/R553X mutations is the first known CF patient to have inherited three sequence alterations compared with the wild-type CFTR sequence. Login to comment
55 The location of Gln553 on this typical AF508-1inked haplotype sugA A C G Contro[ R553X R553X/R553Q _,,,,i-- 1789C-T w, 790 G-A Fig. 1. Login to comment
56 Direct genomic sequencing of exon 11 of CFFR from a normal subject (left), a carrier for the R553X nonsense mutation (middle) and the index case with mutations at codon 553 on each CF chromosome showing a C---~Tnucleotide substitution at position 1789 (middle, right) and a G---~Asubstitution at position 1790 (righO(arrows) 21l,Bp ARMS-M 214Bp ARMS-N Fig.2. Login to comment
63 Since R553Q is nested in a duster of other CF mutations, such as G551D and R553X (Cutting et al. 1990), ARMS (Newton et al. 1989) was applied for the specific detection of the R553Q mutation (Fig. 2). Login to comment
78 The index case of genotype AF508-R553Q/R553X displays an unusual combination of almost normal sweat test values and severe clinical disease. Login to comment
80 In order to assess the severity of CF disease in quantitative terms, the clinical features of the index case AF508-R553Q/R553X were compared with those of patients who carry the related genotypes of CFTR mutations, AF508/AF508 or AF508/ R553X (Table 1). Login to comment
82 The two groups AF508/AF508 and AF508/R553X with similar distributions for date of birth and age at diagnosis, exhibited comparably severe pulmonary disease as indicated by lung function parameters and alterations in the chest X-ray (Table 1). Login to comment
87 On the contrary, the genotype AF508/R553X was associated with marked growth retardation, despite the fact that severe symptoms of pancreatic insufficiency had never been observed in any patient. Login to comment
89 Hence, compound heterozygosity for AF508/R553X seems to lead to a more severe course of CF than homozygosity for the F508 deletion. Login to comment
91 The comparison of the three genotypes suggests that the nonsense mutation R553X rather than AF508 or AF508-R553Q is associated with retardation of growth and development in the compound heterozygotes. Login to comment
95 Anthropometricdata and score refer to the patients' last visit to the CF Clinic (3/90-9/90) AF508/AF508 AF508/R553X AF508-R553Q/R553X Median Range (n = 80) Median Range (n = 9) (singlecase) Age 14.1 2.8-31.5 13.9 7.2-18.1 12.0 Age at diagnosis (years) 0.5 0 - 4.6 0.8 0.13.8 6.9 Sweat test (mmol chloride/I)a 109 78-160 86 80-109 63 Height percentile 48 199 14 740 10 Weight percentile 29 197 8 228 15 Chrispin Norman score of chest X-ray 9 032 11 520 9 Lung function parametersb FEV1 (% predicted) 73 18-114 (n = 65) 64 44-102 75 VC (% predicted) 84 33-118 (n = 65) 78 57-102 85 a Mean value of at least three independent pilocarpine iontophoresis sweat tests b Average values of the forced expiratoryvolume in 1 s (FEV1) and of the forced vital capacity (VC) of the last five pulmonary function tests excluding episodes of airway infections (Rich et al. 1990; Drumm et al. 1990). Login to comment
99 A significantly lower median value of 86 mmol CI/I was determined for the patient group with compound heterozygosity AF508/ R553X (Table 1). Login to comment

PMID: 1709778 [PubMed] Devoto M et al: "Screening for non-delta F508 mutations in five exons of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene in Italy."

No. Sentence Comment

27 In addition, a variable number of the same chromosomes had been previously tested, with other methods (ASO and/or digestion with restriction enzymes as described below), for the presence of other known mutations-in particular, 91 for G542X (Kerem et al. 1990), 56 for W1282X (Vidaud et al. 1990), and 96 for R553X (Cutting et al. 1990b). Login to comment
28 For DGGE screening, a first group of 61 chromosomes originated from a corresponding number of com- poundheterozygous patients who carried an identified mutation (57 deltaF508, two W1282X, one G542X, andone R553X) on one oftheirtwo CFchromosomes. Login to comment
34 Table 2 Results of Screening for Known Mutations Total No. of No. of Chromosomes Chromosomes Overall Mutation Exon Method With the Mutationa Screenedb Frequencyc Reference R334W......... 7 MspI 2 198 1.01 X. Estivill, personal communication R347P......... 7 HhaI or NcoI 4 183 2.19 Dean et al. 1990 G542X ......... 11 ASO (DGGE) 15 (4) 176 (18) 9.79 Kerem et al. 1990 S549N......... 11 DdeI 1 159 .63 Cutting et al. 1990b G5S1D ......... 11 HincII or MboI 0 186 Cutting et al. 1990b R553X ......... 11 HincIl (DGGE) 5 (1) 186 (13) 3.02 Cutting et al. 1990b 1717-1G-A .... 11 (DGGE) (12) (109) 11.01 Guillermit et al. 1990 S1255X ......... 20 HindIII 0 130 Cutting et al. 1990a W1282X......... 20 MnlI (DGGE) 7 (3) 124 (53) 5.65 Vidaud et al. 1990 a Numbers in parentheses are number of mutations found through DGGE. Login to comment
48 The first (2909delT) is a frameshift mutation Table 3 New Mutations Detected by DGGE Analysis and Direct Sequencing HAPLOTYPE MUTATION MetD MetH MetH E6 W3D14 PT3 XV2c CS7 KM19 E9 E4.1 J3.11 ON OTHER REGIONAL MUTATION TaqI MspI TaqI TaqI HindIII BanII TaqI HhaI PstI MspI MspI MspI CHROMOSOME PHENOTYPEa ORIGIN Exon 11: 1784delG ...1 .... ..... ... ... 2 ... 1 1 ... 2 R553X PI Lombardia 1784delG. Login to comment
57 In this way, a total of four G542X, one R553X, and 12 1717-1G--oA in exon 11 and of three W1282X in exon 20 could be identified (see table 2). Login to comment

PMID: 10762539 [PubMed] Mickle JE et al: "Effects of cystic fibrosis and congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens-associated mutations on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-mediated regulation of separate channels."

No. Sentence Comment

47 DNA was assayed for 16 common CFTR mutations (R117H, 62111GrT, R334W, R349P, A455E, DI507, DF508, 1717-1GrA, G542X, S549N, G551D, R553X, R560T, 3849110 Kb CrT, W1282X, and N1303K), by reverse dot-blot hybridization (Mickle et al. 1998). Login to comment

PMID: 10793926 [PubMed] Vodoff MV et al: "[Acute recurrent pancreatitis and heterozygous mutation of the cystic fibrosis gene: a case report]."

No. Sentence Comment

34 G55lD, R553X, Nl303K) et le screening par DGGE (taux de couverture de 90 %) sont nCgatifs. Login to comment

PMID: 10801389 [PubMed] Gomez Lira M et al: "High frequency of cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator mutation L997F in patients with recurrent idiopathic pancreatitis and in newborns with hypertrypsinemia."

No. Sentence Comment

12 Among these rare mutations, L997F was identified in 4 (12.5%) of 32 patients with idiopathic pancreatitis (genotypes L997F/DF508, L997F/5T, and twice L997F/no mutation identified, respectively), and in 4 (8%) of 49 newborns with hypertrypsinemia (genotypes L997F/G542X, L997F/R553X, L997F/DF508, and L997F-F1052V phase unknown, respectively). Login to comment
17 This classification implies that the L997F heterozygotes compounded with common CF mutations found among the patients with idiopathic pancreatitis (DF508) and that the hypertrypsinemic newborns with negative sweat chloride (DF508, G542X, and R553X) should be diagnosed as affected by an atypical form of CF; a close follow-up is indicated for these patients. Login to comment

PMID: 10876009 [PubMed] Castaldo G et al: "Prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis: a case of twin pregnancy diagnosis and a review of 5 years' experience."

No. Sentence Comment

65 Mutation and polymorphism analyses of the CFTR gene A panel of 13 CF mutations (i.e. DF508, N1303K, G542X, 1148T, R553X, W1282X, 1717-1 G . Login to comment
80 of cases IVS8 17bCA 17bTA XV2c KM19 and (%) DF508/DF508 13 - - - - - b DF508/N1303K 4 - - - - - DF508/I148T 1 - - - - - DF508/W1282X 1 - - - - - DF508/R553X 1 - - - - - W1282X/N1303K 1 - - - - - N1303K/71111G . Login to comment

PMID: 10931414 [PubMed] Massie RJ et al: "Pancreatic function and extended mutation analysis in DeltaF508 heterozygous infants with an elevated immunoreactive trypsinogen but normal sweat electrolyte levels."

No. Sentence Comment

26 Measurement of Cl levels was done by colorimetry, and measurement of sodium levels was done by flame cytometry.16 Gene Mutation Analysis Blood was taken and DNA extract- ed17 for an extended cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein gene mutation analysis as described previously.18 The following mutations were included: ࢞F508, ࢞I507, R117H, G551D, A455E, G542X, N1303K, W1282X, 1717-1G࢐A, R560T, R347P, R334W, R553X, R1162X, S549N, 3849+10C࢐T, and 621+1G࢐T. Login to comment

PMID: 10993719 [PubMed] Wang J et al: "A novel CFTR frame-shift mutation, 935delA, in two Hispanic cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

91 The two most common types of truncated CFTR proteins were present in these patients; one was missing the portion beyond the first ATP binding domain (for example, the R553X and the G542X) and the other was truncated beyond the second ATP binding domain (for example the W1282X). Login to comment

PMID: 11232455 [PubMed] Federici S et al: "[CFTR gene analyis in 207 patients with cystic fibrosis in southwest France: high frequency of N1303K and 1811+1.6bA>G mutations]."

No. Sentence Comment

47 Le criblage des mutations a &#e9;t&#e9; effectu&#e9; par &#e9;tapes avec des m&#e9;thodes incluant toutes une amplification pr&#e9;alable par PCR (polymerase chain reaction) suivie d`une d&#e9;tection des h&#e9;t&#e9;roduplexes pour la mutation ࢞F508 ou d`une analyse par hybridation en dot blot inverse avec la trousse INNO-Lipa CF8 (Innogenetics, Zwiljnaarde, Belgique) pour les mutations ࢞F508, G542X, N1303K, G551D, R553X, W1282X, 1717G>A et ࢞I507. Login to comment
63 /2 1717-1G>A 1,4 1,7 1,33 R334W 1,2 2,6 < 0,5 R553X 0,9 0,9 0,87 G551D 0,7 0,9 0,97 Delta I507 0,7 0,9 0,66 4005+1G>A 0,7 < 0,5 < 0,5 R792X 0,7 < 0,5 < 0,5 R1162X 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,5 1717-8G>A 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,5 2789+5G>A 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,5 3849+10kbC>T 0,5 0,9 < 0,5 3737 del A 0,5 1,7 < 0,5 Y1092X 0,5 0,9 < 0,5 3905 ins T 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,5 32 mutations rares* 7,8 6,1 ND All&#e8;les non caract&#e9;ris&#e9;s 5,6 4,4 6,8 a : fr&#e9;quence all&#e9;lique pour l`ensemble de la s&#e9;rie (207 patients) ; b : fr&#e9;quence all&#e9;lique pour les patients originaires du Sud-Ouest (57 patients) ; c : fr&#e9;quence all&#e9;lique dans la population fran&#e7;aise [6] ; d : fr&#e9;quence all&#e9;lique en Italie [12] ; e : fr&#e9;quence all&#e9;lique en Espagne [16] ; * 32 mutations diff&#e9;rentes (connues) retrouv&#e9;es en un seul exemplaire ; ND : non d&#e9;termin&#e9;. Login to comment

PMID: 11755047 [PubMed] Gomez-Llorente MA et al: "Analysis of 31 CFTR mutations in 55 families from the South of Spain."

No. Sentence Comment

30 T I.5 R553X E.11 1078delT E.7 R560T E.11 R347P E.7 S549R E.11 R347H E.7 S549N E.11 R334W E.7 3849 + 10kbC ! Login to comment

PMID: 12531063 [PubMed] Lim M et al: "Therapeutic strategies to correct malfunction of CFTR."

No. Sentence Comment

60 Type Genotype Phenotypea Defect Potential therapeutics Class I G542X PI No CFTR synthesis, aminoglycosides 621 + 1 G ࢐T No cell surface Cl- 3905insT transport W1282X R553X 1717-1 G ࢐ A Class II F508b PI Defective CFTR 4-PBA, flavonoids, N1303K trafficking and chemical chaperones, P574Hb processing xanthines A455Eb Class III G551D PI Defective channel flavonoids, milrinone G551S regulation, reduced or absent Cl-transport Class IV R117H PS Reduced Cl-transport 4-PBA, xanthines, R334W flavonoids G314E R347P F508b P574Hb ClassV 3849 + 10 kb C࢐T PS Reduced number of flavonoids, milrinone, 2789 + 5 G ࢐A normal CFTR proteins 4-PBA 3272 - 26 A ࢐ G Reduced Cl-transport A455Eb 3120+1 G࢐A 1811 + 1.6 kb A ࢐ G a PI indicates pancreatic insufficiency; PS indicates pancreatic sufficiency. Login to comment

PMID: 12706377 [PubMed] Streit C et al: "CFTR gene: molecular analysis in patients from South Brazil."

No. Sentence Comment

2 The present work aimed (1) to detect sequence alterations in the nucleotide binding regions and at the membrane spanning domain of the CFTR gene and (2) to detect the following frequent mutations R347P, R347H, R334W, and Q359K (located in exon 7), DF508 (located in exon 10), G542X, G551D, R553X, and S549N (located in exon 11), W1282X (located in exon 20), and N1303K (located in exon 21). Login to comment
7 Frequencies of G542X, R334W, R553X, and W1282X mutations in our population were 3.25, 1.3, 0.65, and 0.65%, respectively. Login to comment
34 The main aims of the present work were (1) to establish the frequency of the DF508 mutation this studied population, (2) to identify alterations in the nucleotide sequence of the exons 3, 5, and 7 which are located in the first membrane spanning domain (MSD1); of exons 9, 10, 11, and 12 which are located in the first nucleotide binding domain (NBD1); of exons 19, 20, 21, and 22 which are located in the second nucleotide binding domain (NBD2) of the CFTR gene, and finally (3) to identify some specific frequent mutations (R347P, R347H, R334W, Q359K, G542X, G551D, R553X, S54 9N, W1282X, and N1303K) in these patients. Login to comment
59 Restriction fragment length polymorphism Mutations R347P, R347H, R334W, Q359K (located in exon 7), G542X, S549N, G551D, R553X mutations (exon 11), W1282X (exon 20), and N1303K (exon 21) were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) protocol, using specific restriction endonucleases. Login to comment
60 G551D and R553X mutations were detected by a combined RFLP using HincII and MboI as described previously [18,19]. Login to comment
66 Positive controls were used along with samples to be tested for G542X, G551D, and R553X mutations during the experiments. Login to comment
76 Screening of four additional mutations (G542X, R553X, R334W, and W1282X) together with DF508 Table 2 Mutations detected in 77 CF patients from south region of Brazil Mutation Location Number of alleles Frequency (%) R334W Exon 7 2 1.3 R347P Exon 7 0 0 R347H Exon 7 0 0 Q359K Exon 7 0 0 DF508 Exon 10 75 48.7 S549N Exon 11 0 0 G542X Exon 11 5 3.2 G551D Exon 11 0 0 R553X Exon 11 1 0.7 W1282X Exon 20 1 0.7 N1303K Exon 21 0 0 ? Login to comment
85 One patient (1.3%) was a compound heterozygous compound for DF508 and R553X mutation (DF508/R553X). Login to comment
102 Frequencies of DF508, G542X, G551D, and R553X mutations in our study were similar to that established for South Europe [27]. Login to comment
111 The G542X and R553X mutations showed frequencies similar to those observed in south European countries (http://www.genet.sickids.on.ca) [25]. Login to comment
113 DNA screening for four common CF mutations (G542X, R553X, R334W, and W1282X), together with DF508, enabled the detection of 84 out of the 154 CF alleles in our sample, that represents 54.5% of studied alleles. Login to comment

PMID: 12767731 [PubMed] McKone EF et al: "Effect of genotype on phenotype and mortality in cystic fibrosis: a retrospective cohort study."

No. Sentence Comment

47 ARTICLES 1672 THE LANCET ߦ Vol 361 ߦ May 17, 2003 ߦ www.thelancet.com Panel 1: Frequencies of CFTR mutations* CFTR Allele CFTR Allele mutation frequency (%) mutation frequency èc;F508 69&#b7;4% 2789+5G࢐A 0&#b7;3% Unknown 15&#b7;7% R1162X 0&#b7;3% G542X 2&#b7;3% G85E 0&#b7;3% G551D 2&#b7;2% R560T 0&#b7;2% èc;I507 1&#b7;6% R334W 0&#b7;2% W1282X 1&#b7;4% 3659èc;C 0&#b7;2% N1303K 1&#b7;2% A455E 0&#b7;1% R553X 0&#b7;9% 711+1G࢐T 0&#b7;1% 621+1G࢐T 0&#b7;8% 1898+1G࢐A 0&#b7;1% R117H 0&#b7;7% 2184èc;A 0&#b7;1% 3849+10 kbC࢐T 0&#b7;7% S549N 0&#b7;1% 1717-IG࢐A 0&#b7;5% 1078èc;T 0&#b7;03% R347P 0&#b7;3% *n=17 853. Login to comment
48 Panel 2: Functional classification of CFTR alleles Class Functional effect of Allele mutation I Defective protein G542X, R553X, W1282X, production R1162X, 621-1G࢐T, 1717-1G࢐A, 1078èc;T, 3659èc;C II Defective protein èc;F508, èc;I507, N1303K, processing S549N III Defective protein G551D, R560T regulation IV Defective protein R117H, R334W, G85E, conductance R347P V Reduced amounts of 3849+10KbC࢐T, functioning CFTR protein 2789+5G࢐A, A455E Unknown 711+1G࢐T, 2184DA, 1898+1G࢐A Total cohort Genotyped cohort (n=28 455) (n=17 853) Person-years at risk 152 011 96 870 Sex (% male) 53% 52% Race (% white) 96% 96% Age (years) 11&#b7;9 (11&#b7;1) 10&#b7;9 (11&#b7;2) Age at diagnosis (years) 3&#b7;5 (7&#b7;1) 3&#b7;6 (7&#b7;5) Sweat test (mmol/L) 101 (19) 100 (20) FEV1 (L) 1&#b7;72 (0&#b7;91) 1&#b7;80 (0&#b7;92) FEV1 (% predicted) 69 (29) 72 (28) FVC (L) 2&#b7;41 (1&#b7;18) 2&#b7;50 (1&#b7;21) FVC (% predicted) 81% (28) 84% (24) Height (cm) 121% (41) 117% (41) Weight (kg) 30&#b7;0 (21&#b7;3) 28&#b7;6 (21&#b7;8) Pancreatic insufficiency (%) 90% 87% P aeruginosa colonisation (%) 49% 46% Number of deaths (%) 3548 (12%) 1547 (9%) Data are mean (SD) unless otherwise stated. Login to comment
61 Standardised mortality rates did not differ between patients homozygous for èc;F508 and the èc;F508 heterozygotes with the G551D, G542X, N1303K, W1282X, R553X, 621+1G࢐T, and 1717-1G࢐A alleles. Login to comment
64 ARTICLES THE LANCET ߦ Vol 361 ߦ May 17, 2003 ߦ www.thelancet.com 1673 Patients Person-years Deaths Crude Standardised p valueߤ (n) mortality mortality rate* rate* (95% CI) Genotype èc;F508/èc;F508 9144 51 164 1019 19&#b7;9 21&#b7;8 (20&#b7;5-23&#b7;1) &#b7;&#b7; èc;F508/G551D 593 3247 60 18&#b7;5 16&#b7;6 (12&#b7;4-20&#b7;8) 0&#b7;019 èc;F508/G542X 574 3239 57 17&#b7;6 18&#b7;9 (14&#b7;1-23&#b7;7) 0&#b7;257 èc;F508/N1303K 303 1778 30 16&#b7;9 16&#b7;2 (10&#b7;3-22&#b7;0) 0&#b7;063 èc;F508/W1282X 278 1618 36 22&#b7;3 21&#b7;6 (14&#b7;5-28&#b7;6) 0&#b7;950 èc;F508/R553X 230 1335 21 15&#b7;7 25&#b7;0 (11&#b7;8-38&#b7;1) 0&#b7;641 èc;F508/621-1G࢐T 213 1268 27 21&#b7;0 19&#b7;2 (11&#b7;6-26&#b7;7) 0&#b7;503 èc;F508/1717-1G࢐A 120 619 13 21&#b7;0 20&#b7;6 (9&#b7;9-31&#b7;4) 0&#b7;833 èc;F508/èc;I507 318 897 8 8&#b7;9 8&#b7;0 (2&#b7;7-13&#b7;3) <0&#b7;0001 èc;F508/R117H 177 844 8 9&#b7;5 4&#b7;7 (0&#b7;8-8&#b7;5) <0&#b7;0001 èc;F508/3849+10 kbC࢐T 151 700 13 18&#b7;6 11&#b7;9 (5&#b7;0-18&#b7;9) 0&#b7;006 èc;F508/2789+5G࢐A 86 444 4 9&#b7;0 4&#b7;4 (0&#b7;0-8&#b7;9) <0&#b7;0001 èc;F508/other 3434 19 170 372 19&#b7;4 17&#b7;6 (15&#b7;8-19&#b7;4) 0&#b7;0002 Other/other 2232 10 494 233 22&#b7;2 20&#b7;5 (17&#b7;9-23&#b7;1) 0&#b7;380 *Per 1000 person-years. Login to comment
67 Table 2: Standardised and crude mortality rates (including organ transplantation) by genotype Genotype No of Age at Sweat FEV1 FVC Height Weight Pancreatic P&#b7; aeruginosa Subjects Diagnosis Chloride (% predicted)* (% predicted)* (cms)* (kg)* Insufficiency Colonization (yrs) (mmol) (%)ߤ (%)ߤ èc;F508/èc;F508 6 213 2&#b7;5 &#b1; 0&#b7;1 104 &#b1; 0&#b7;2 77 &#b1; 0&#b7;3 89 &#b1; 0&#b7;3 141 &#b1; 0&#b7;2 37&#b7;0 &#b1; 0&#b7;1 92 (91-92) 60 (59-61) èc;F508/G551D 411 3&#b7;7 &#b1; 0&#b7;3ߥ 108 &#b1; 0&#b7;9ߥ 76 &#b1; 1&#b7;2 89 &#b1; 1&#b7;2 142 &#b1; 0&#b7;7&#a7; 38&#b7;2 &#b1; 0&#b7;6&#a7; 92 (89-94) 59 (54-64) èc;F508/G542X 389 1&#b7;9 &#b1; 0&#b7;2 104 &#b1; 0&#b7;8 79 &#b1; 1&#b7;2 91 &#b1; 1&#b7;2 141 &#b1; 0&#b7;7 37&#b7;3 &#b1; 0&#b7;5 93 (89-95) 57 (52-62) èc;F508/N1303K 213 2&#b7;1 &#b1; 0&#b7;3 106 &#b1; 1&#b7;2 80 &#b1; 1&#b7;8 91 &#b1; 1&#b7;7 141 &#b1; 1&#b7;0 37&#b7;1 &#b1; 0&#b7;6 92 (87-95) 61 (55--68) èc;F508/W1282X 205 1&#b7;6 &#b1; 0&#b7;2 103 &#b1; 1&#b7;2 80 &#b1; 1&#b7;7 92 &#b1; 1&#b7;6 141 &#b1; 0&#b7;9 37&#b7;4 &#b1; 0&#b7;7 94 (90-97) 59 (52-65) èc;F508/R553X 164 2&#b7;5 &#b1; 0&#b7;4 106 &#b1; 1&#b7;4 76 &#b1; 1&#b7;8 89 &#b1; 1&#b7;6 139 &#b1; 0&#b7;9 35&#b7;4 &#b1; 0&#b7;7&#a7; 90 (85-94) 60 (53-67) èc;F508/621-1G 162 2&#b7;5 &#b1; 0&#b7;4 107 &#b1; 1&#b7;3 78 &#b1; 1&#b7;8 89 &#b1; 1&#b7;5 143 &#b1; 1&#b7;0&#a7; 38&#b7;8 &#b1; 0&#b7;8&#a7; 87 (80-91)&#a7; 57 (49-64) èc;F508/èc;I507 149 8&#b7;5 &#b1; 1&#b7;1ߥ 95 &#b1; 1&#b7;9ߥ 86 &#b1; 2&#b7;1ߥ 93 &#b1; 1&#b7;8&#a7; 137 &#b1; 1&#b7;4&#a7; 37&#b7;4 &#b1; 1&#b7;25 84 (78-89)ߥ 39 (31-48)ߥ èc;F508/R117H 123 13&#b7;7 &#b1; 1&#b7;2ߥ 80 &#b1; 1&#b7;9ߥ 91 &#b1; 2&#b7;1ߥ 97 &#b1; 1&#b7;7ߥ 143 &#b1; 1&#b7;8 42&#b7;9 &#b1; 1&#b7;7ߥ 65 (55-73)ߥ 22 (16-29)ߥ èc;F508/3849+10 kB 114 11&#b7;3 &#b1; 0&#b7;9ߥ 72 &#b1; 2&#b7;5ߥ 77 &#b1; 2&#b7;1 87 &#b1; 1&#b7;9 144 &#b1; 1&#b7;4&#a7; 41&#b7;2 &#b1; 1&#b7;2ߥ 66 (57-74)ߥ 69 (59-77) èc;F508/2789+5G 63 13&#b7;4 &#b1; 1&#b7;6ߥ 102 &#b1; 2&#b7;1 88 &#b1; 2&#b7;8ߥ 97 &#b1; 2&#b7;3ߥ 140 &#b1; 2&#b7;5 41&#b7;8 &#b1; 2&#b7;2&#a7; 71 (59-81)ߥ 32 (22-44)ߥ èc;F508/1717-1G 74 1&#b7;3 &#b1; 0&#b7;3 103 &#b1; 2&#b7;0 75 &#b1; 2&#b7;7 86 &#b1; 2&#b7;4 139 &#b1; 1&#b7;5 35&#b7;7 &#b1; 0&#b7;9 96 (88-99) 59 (48-69) èc;F508/R560T 46 1&#b7;7 &#b1; 0&#b7;5 104 &#b1; 2&#b7;0 84 &#b1; 3&#b7;3ߥ 96&#b1; 2&#b7;8&#a7; 142 &#b1; 1&#b7;9 38&#b7;4 &#b1; 1&#b7;4 91 (79-97) 63 (48-75) èc;F508/R347P 44 5&#b7;9 &#b1; 1&#b7;1&#a7; 105 &#b1; 2&#b7;6 76 &#b1; 3&#b7;0 90 &#b1; 2&#b7;9 142 &#b1; 2&#b7;4 38&#b7;7 &#b1; 1&#b7;8 67 (52-79)ߥ 53 (38-68) èc;F508/G85E 43 9&#b7;2 &#b1; 1&#b7;8ߥ 99 &#b1; 2&#b7;3&#a7; 76 &#b1; 2&#b7;5 90 &#b1; 2&#b7;5 142 &#b1; 2&#b7;9 38&#b7;3 &#b1; 2&#b7;2 88 (75-95) 52 (35-68) èc;F508/3659DC 40 1&#b7;1 &#b1; 0&#b7;4 105 &#b1; 2&#b7;1 76 &#b1; 3&#b7;9 88 &#b1; 4&#b7;1 139 &#b1; 1&#b7;9 36&#b7;6 &#b1; 1&#b7;2 92 (77-97) 55 (39-69) èc;F508/A455E 29 14&#b7;3 &#b1; 2&#b7;0ߥ 89 &#b1; 3&#b7;1ߥ 98 &#b1; 4&#b7;0ߥ 104 &#b1; 3&#b7;4ߥ 138 &#b1; 3&#b7;4 42&#b7;1 &#b1; 2&#b7;5&#a7; 60 (41--76)ߥ 17 (8-32)ߥ èc;F508/R334W 28 13&#b7;2 &#b1; 3&#b7;0ߥ 104 &#b1; 3&#b7;2 86 &#b1; 3&#b7;4&#a7; 94 &#b1; 3&#b7;3 138 &#b1; 3&#b7;2 42&#b7;3 &#b1; 3&#b7;5 67 (46-82)ߥ 51 (32--70) èc;F508/R1162X 26 1&#b7;9 &#b1; 1&#b7;1 101 &#b1; 2&#b7;3 77 &#b1; 4&#b7;2 92 &#b1; 4&#b7;6 138 &#b1; 1&#b7;8 36&#b7;5 &#b1; 1&#b7;4 92 (75-98) 65 (47-80) èc;F508/1898+1G 20 1&#b7;2 &#b1; 0&#b7;3 99 &#b1; 2&#b7;8 83 &#b1; 4&#b7;1 94 &#b1; 4&#b7;4 138 &#b1; 3&#b7;3 35&#b7;1 &#b1; 2&#b7;1 85 (61--95) 63 (39-82) èc;F508/2184DA 20 2&#b7;3 &#b1; 0&#b7;9 106 &#b1; 5&#b7;3 82 &#b1; 4&#b7;3 92 &#b1; 4&#b7;4 141 &#b1; 3&#b7;0 36&#b7;5 &#b1; 1&#b7;5 94 (69-99) 60 (38-79) èc;F508/711+1G 17 1&#b7;3 &#b1; 0&#b7;5 108 &#b1; 4&#b7;6 83 &#b1; 4&#b7;2 94 &#b1; 4&#b7;4 137 &#b1; 3&#b7;4 36&#b7;7 &#b1; 2&#b7;9 100 73 (50-88) èc;F508/S549N 11 6&#b7;4 &#b1; 1&#b7;9&#a7; 109 &#b1; 5&#b7;7 67 &#b1; 6&#b7;1 77 &#b1; 7&#b7;2 140 &#b1; 3&#b7;2 36&#b7;7 &#b1; 2&#b7;6 92 (62-99) 71 (40--90) èc;F508/Other 2 262 5&#b7;8 &#b1; 0&#b7;2ߥ 99 &#b1; 0&#b7;4ߥ 80 &#b1; 0&#b7;5ߥ 91 &#b1; 0&#b7;5ߥ 141 &#b1; 0&#b7;3 38&#b7;1 &#b1; 0&#b7;3ߥ 86 (84-87)ߥ 50 (48-52)ߥ Other/Other 1 551 7&#b7;5 &#b1; 0&#b7;3ߥ 93 &#b1; 0&#b7;6ߥ 82 &#b1; 0&#b7;6ߥ 90 &#b1; 0&#b7;6&#a7; 141 &#b1; 0&#b7;4 38&#b7;3 &#b1; 0&#b7;3ߥ 81 (80-84)ߥ 40 (38-43)ߥ Data are mean (SE) unless otherwise indicated. Login to comment

PMID: 1372093 [PubMed] Cuppens H et al: "Simultaneous screening for 11 mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene by multiplex amplification and reverse dot-blot."

No. Sentence Comment

19 Frequency of 31 mutations in the CFTR gene in 194 Belgian CF chromosomes The 51255X, W1316X ;5 S549N, G551D, R553X, A559T;6 D110H, R117H, R347P;' Q493X, S5491, S549R(T-+G), R560T, Y563N, P574H ;9 W846X, Y913C;10 2556insAT;" R334W;" S549R(A-+C);'6 444delA, 3821deIT;" 621 +1G-*T18 mutations were not present in this random sample of the Belgian CF population . Login to comment
89 Also no signal will be obtained with the wild type oligonucleotide R553X probe for an individual homozygous for the G551D mutation or heterozygous for the G551 D and R553X mutations . Login to comment
90 The reason for this is that the wild type R553X also covers the region mutated in G551D . Login to comment
97 621 + IG-T A455E G458V A1507 AF508 1717-IG - A G542X G551D R553X WI282X N 1303 K 621+IG- .T A455E G458V A1507 AF508 1717-I G-> A G542X G551D R553X W1282X N1303K Fig. 2. Login to comment
100 Hybridization of pooled PCR products containing the mutant type alleles, obtained by amplification with mutant oligonucleotide probes, for the 621 +1G-+T, A455E, 1717-1G-+A mutations (F), the G458V, R553X, W1282X mutations (G) and the A1507, C551 D mutations (H) . Login to comment
101 A E M W Non-radioactive CF reverse dot-blot 37 B F M W C M W D M W G H 621 + IGT A455E G458V A1507 A F508 1717-IGA G542X G551D R553 X W1282X N1303K 621+IG-ߦT A455E G458V L 1507 AF508 1717-IG- A G542 X G551D R553X W1282X N 1303 K A F M W G B M W C H M W D M W E J M W Fig. 3. Login to comment

PMID: 1377276 [PubMed] Lerer I et al: "Cystic fibrosis mutations delta F508 and G542X in Jewish patients."

No. Sentence Comment

8 The majority of these are rare mutations observed in single families but some mutations are relatively frequent.3 We have screened CF patients for the AF508 mutation and for G542X, G551D, R553X, and S549N or I, all within exon 11, and for the splice mutation 1717-1G-.A. Login to comment
20 G551D and R553X eliminate a HincII site. Login to comment
28 Among the Ashkenazi families, the mother was not Jewish in one family (and had the R553X mutation) and in one family the patient was the result of uniparental disomy.7 Therefore, the total number of CF chromosomes was 127, ofwhich 84 chromosomes were of Ashkenazi origin and 43 of non-Ashkenazi origin. Login to comment
36 None of the other exon 11 mutations, G551D, R553X, S549 N or I, and 1717-1G-.A, was found in our patients. Login to comment

PMID: 15298139 [PubMed] Lewis MJ et al: "Cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

95 ēa; ēa;Table 3ēa; ēa; Recommended Mutation Panel for Cystic Fibrosis Carrier Screening ࢞F508 ࢞I507 G542X G551D W1282X N1303K R553X 621+1G>T R117H 1717-1G>A A455E R560T R1162X G85E R334W R347P 711+1G>T 1898+1G>A 2184delA 1078delT 3849+10kbC>T 2789+5G>A 3659delC I148T 3120+1G>A I506V* I507V* F508C* 5T/7T/9T* * Reflex tests. Login to comment

PMID: 15463882 [PubMed] Hubert D et al: "Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in adults with diffuse bronchiectasis."

No. Sentence Comment

47 We used an oligonucleotide ligation assay using a commercially available kit (Cystic Fibrosis Assay, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) to seek 31 mutations in the CFTR gene (F508del, I507del, Q943X, V520F, 1717y1GࡊA, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, S549R, S549 N, 3849q10kbCࡊT, 3849q4AࡊG, R1162X, 3659delC, W1282X, 3905insT, 621q1GࡊT, R117H, Y122X, 711q1GࡊT, 1078delT, R347P, R347H, R334 W, A455E, N1303K, G85E, 1898q1GࡊA, 2183AAࡊG, 2789q5GࡊA) which allowed to detect 82% of the CF alleles in France. Login to comment
128 The consensus opinion is Table 3 Sensitivity of the sweat test and genotyping for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis Positive diagnosis of CF Number of patients (percentage) Sweat test (sweat chloride)60 mmol l ) y1 37 (80%) Molecular analysis: -screening for 31 mutations 18 (39%) -complete screening 36 (78%) Combination of sweat test and molecular analysis: -sweat testqscreening for 31 mutations 42 (91%) -sweat testqcomplete screening 45 (98%) Table 4 Efficacy of the CFTR genetic analysis according to the screening method used Identified mutations Two mutations At least one mutation No mutations Screening for F508del Number of patients (%) 3 (7%) 31 (67%) 15 (33%) Screening for nine mutations* Number of patients (%) 6 (13%) 36 (78%) 10 (22%) Screening for 31 mutations** Number of patients (%) 18 (39%) 43 (93%) 3 (7%) Complete screening Number of patients (%) 36 (78%) 46 (100%) 0 Nine mutations: F508del, I507del, G542X, G551D, R553X, 621q1GࡊT, G85E, R117H, N1303K. Login to comment
129 * 31 mutations: F508del, I507del, Q493X, V520F, 1717y1GࡊA, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, S549R, S549 N, 3849q10kbCࡊT, 3849q ** 4AࡊG, R1162X, 3659delC, W1282X, 3905insT, 621q1GࡊT, R117H, Y122X, 711q1GࡊT, 1078delT, R347P, R347H, R334 W, A455E, N1303K, G85E, 1898q1GࡊA, 2183AAࡊG, 2789q5GࡊA. that the laboratory criteria for the diagnosis of CF should be expanded to include identification of CFTR mutations and abnormal bioelectrical properties of the nasal epithelium, in addition to the sweat test w7x. Login to comment

PMID: 15665983 [PubMed] Araujo FG et al: "Prevalence of deltaF508, G551D, G542X, and R553X mutations among cystic fibrosis patients in the North of Brazil."

No. Sentence Comment

27 Thus, the main objective of the present study was to investigate the four most frequent CF mutations (࢞F508, G542X, G551D, and R553X) in a sample of patients with an established clinical diagnosis of CF in the North region of Brazil. Login to comment
33 Region Number of alleles Mutations (%) Reference ࢞F508 G542X G551D R553X South Rio Grande do Sul 106 49.1 2.8 0 0 5 Rio Grande do Sul 154 48.7 3.2 0 0.7 12 Santa Catarina 58 55.2 3.5 0 0 5 Santa Catarina 48 27 0 0 0 9 Paran&#e1; 100 39 9 0 2 5 Southeast S&#e3;o Paulo 110 52.7 10 0.9 2.7 5 Rio de Janeiro 88 30.7 2.3 1.1 0 6 Rio de Janeiro 148 25.7 0 0 0 7 Rio de Janeiro 34 35.3 - - - 9 Minas Gerais 62 32.6 4.2 0 0 5 North Bel&#e9;m 66 22.7 0 3 0 Present study approved this research. Login to comment
36 The four mutations (࢞F508, G542X, G551D, and R553X) were amplified using primers and conditions described below. Login to comment
38 The volume 50 &#b5;l was used to observe the G542X, G551D and R553X mutations (exon 11). Login to comment
40 A region of 114 bp was amplified and then three mutations were investigated: G542X, G551D and R553X. Login to comment
46 For the individuals who presented the pattern (+/ +), or else, absence of the mutation G551D, the investigation of the mutation R553X was also held. Login to comment
47 At last, for the previous individuals, an investigation for the mutation R553X was made, using endonuclease MboI. Login to comment
50 The analysis of the G542X, G551D and R553X mutations were observed by 9% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Login to comment

PMID: 16635477 [PubMed] Lucarelli M et al: "A 96-well formatted method for exon and exon/intron boundary full sequencing of the CFTR gene."

No. Sentence Comment

26 None of these subjects showed any clinical manifestations of CF, nor were any positive for CFTR mutations when analyzed by means of the PCR/OLA/SCS method (Celera Diagnostics) [21], which searches for the most common worldwide 31 CFTR mutations (G85E, R117H, Y122X, 621+1G->T, 711+1G->T, 1078delT, R347P, R347H, R334W, A455E, DF508, DI507, Q493X, V520F, 1717-1G->A, G542X, G551D, R553X, R560T, S549R(T->G), S549N, 1898+1G->A, 2183AA->G, 2789+5G->A, R1162X, 3659delC, 3849+10kbC->T, 3849+4A->G, W1282X, 3905insT, N1303K), including the 12 most common in Italy [1,22]. Login to comment

PMID: 16678503 [PubMed] Ngiam NS et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations in Asians with chronic pulmonary disease: a pilot study."

No. Sentence Comment

102 These are R117H (exon 4), 621UVG>T (intron 4), F508del (exon 10), 1717-1 G>A (intron 10), G542X (exon 11), G551D (exon 11), R553X (exon 11), R1162X (exon 19), W1282X (exon 20) and N1303K (exon 21). Login to comment

PMID: 16713399 [PubMed] Castellani C et al: "The genetic background of osteoporosis in cystic fibrosis: association analysis with polymorphic markers in four candidate genes."

No. Sentence Comment

74 CFTR analysis Patients selected for the study had been characterized previously for CFTR mutations with a reverse dot blot (RDB) Table 1 Anthropometric and CF-associated variables in normal, osteopenic and osteoporotic patients Group 1 normal bone density Group 2 osteopenia Group 3 osteoporosis Statistical evaluation Numerosity 15/82 46/82 21/82 - Mean age (years) 27.73T4.19 26.71T5.93 28.1T9.51 NS Males/females 9/6 19/27 11/10 NS CFTR genotype F508del/UK: 3 UK/ UK: 3 F508del/ F508del: 2 F508del/ G542X: 2 F508del/ R553X: 2 1717-1G> AvW1282X: 1 F508del/ N1303K: 1 G542X/UK: 1 F508del/F508del: 6 UK/UK: 5 F508del/ UK: 3 2183AA>G/UK: 3 2789+5G> A /UK: 3 F508del/N1303K: 3 F508del / R1162X: 3 F508del/2183AA>G: 2 N1303K/ N1303K: 2 R1162X/R1162X: 2 R1162X/ 2183AA>G: 2 2183AA>G/G542X: 1 F508del/ 1898+3A>G: 1 F508del/2789+5G> A: 1 F508del/711+5G>A: 1 F508del/ Q353X: 1 I507del/R1162X: 1 Q552X/ UK: 1 N1303K/G542X: 1 R1162X/3849+ 10KbC>T: 1 R1162X/711+5G>A: 1 T338I/ UK: 1 R553X/UK: 1 F508del/F508del: 4 F508del/ UK: 3 F508del/N1303K: 2 UK/ UK: 2 2789+5G>A/2789+5G> A: 1 F508del/1898+3A>G: 1 F508del/ 2183AA>G: 1 F508del/3849+10KbC> T: 1 F508del/G542X: 1 F508del/ R1066H: 1 F508del/R1162X: 1 Q552X/: 1 R352Q/: 1 R553X/UK: 1 Weight (kg) 61.7T5.89 56.5T8.25 48.9T9.40 p <0.0001 BMI 22.6T1.3 20.3T2.7 18T2.9 p <0.0001 PS/PI 3/12 10/36 7/14 NS FEV1% predicted 52.33T16.73 49.82T21.44 37.1T21.07 p =0.0205 NS = not significant. Login to comment
80 assay which allows the simultaneous analysis of the commonest CFTR mutations in North-eastern Italy (F508del, I507del, R117H, R1162X, 2183AA>G, N1303K, 3849+10KbC>T, G542X, 1717-1G>A, R553X, Q552X, G85E, 711+5G>A, W1282X, 3132delTG and 2789+5G>A) [25]. Login to comment

PMID: 16963320 [PubMed] Perez MM et al: "CFTR gene analysis in Latin American CF patients: heterogeneous origin and distribution of mutations across the continent."

No. Sentence Comment

42 Some have concentrated in the search of specific mutations that are Table 1 Mutations found in the Latin American CF patients Exon 1 p.L6VÌe; Exon 3 p.W57X, p.R75X, p.G85E Exon 4 p.R117H Exon 6a p.H199Y, p.V201M, p.L206W, p.Q220X, p.V232D, c.846delTÌe; Exon 6b p.Y275XÌe;, c.935delA Exon 7 p.R334W, p.R347P, p.Y362XÌe;, c.1078delT, c.1215delG Exon 8 c.1323_1324insAÌe; Exon 9 c.1460_1461delATÌe;, c.1353_1354insTÌe;,# Exon 10 p.I506T, p.I507del, p.F508del Exon 11 p.G542X, p.S549N, p.S549R, p.G551D, p.G551S, p.R553X, p.L558S, p.A559T, c.1782delA Exon 12 p.S589I Exon 13 p.H609RÌe;, p.P750L, p.V754M, c.1924_1930del, c.2055_2063del, c.2183AA NG;c.2184delA, c.2184delA, c.2185_2186insC, c.2347delG, c.2566_2567insTÌe;, c.2594_2595delGTÌe; Exon 14a p.R851L, c.2686_2687insTÌe; Exon 15 c.2869_2870insG Exon 16 c.3120+1GNA Exon 17a p.I1027T, c.3171delC, c.3199_3204del Exon 17b p.G1061R, p.R1066C, p.W1069X#, p.W1089X, p.Y1092X, p.W1098CÌe; Exon 19 p.R1162X, p.W1204X, p.Q1238X, c.3617_3618delGAÌe;#, c.3659delC Exon 20 p.W1282X, p.R1283M Exon 21 p.N1303K, c.4016_4017insT Exon 22 c.4160_4161insGGGGÌe; 5' flanking c.-834GNT Intron 2 c.297-1GNAÌe;, c.297-2ANG Intron 3 c.406-1GNA Intron 4 c.621+1GNT Intron 5 c.711+1GNT Intron 8 c.IVS8-5T Intron 10 c.1716GNA, c.1717-1GNA Intron 11 c.1811+1.6KbANG, c.1812-1GNA Intron 12 c.1898+1GNA, c.1898+3ANG Intron 14 c.2789+2_2789+3insA, c.2789+5GNA Intron 17a c.3272-26ANG Intron 17b c.3500-2ANGÌe; Intron 19 c.3849+1GNA, c.3849+10KbCNT Intron 20 c.4005+1GNA, c.4005-1GNA# Mutations are listed according to their position in the gene. Login to comment
51 Table 2 p.I507del p.S549N p.S549R p.G551D p.G551S p.R553X p.L558S p.A559T p.S589I p.H609RÌe; p.P750L p.V754M p.R851L p.I1027T p.G1061R p.R1066C p.W1069X# p.W1089X p.Y1092X p.W1098CÌe; p.W1204X 3 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 4 1 2 3 1 3 0.24 1 0.08 1 0.08 6 0.48 2 0.16 1 0.08 1 0.08 4 0.32 1 0.08 1 4 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 2 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.05 1 0.05 1 0.05 10 0.54 1 0.05 2 0.11 3 0.16 3 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 2 0.79 4 1.58 4 1 1 1 1 4 1.83 1 0.46 1 0.46 1 0.46 1 0.46 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1.82 6 2.19 1 0.36 1 0.36 1 0.36 1 0.36 1 0.36 1 0.36 1 0.36 1 0.36 1 0.36 1 0.36 1 1.31 1 1.31 1 1.31 10 6 6 6 1 22 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 3 5 1 1 0.23 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.02 0.51 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.14 0.02 0.07 0.11 0.02 0.02 (continued on next page) Table 2 Mutation frequencies in Latin American CF patients Country p.Q1238X p.R1283M c.-834GNT c.297-1GNA* c.297-2ANG c.406-1GNA c.621+1GNT c.711+1GNT c.846delT* c.935delA c.1078delT c.1215delG c.1323_1324insA* c.1353_1354insT*# c.1460_1461delAT* Argentina 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 Subtotal and frequency (%) 1 0.08 1 0.08 4 0.32 1 0.08 1 0.08 1 0.08 Brazil 1 1 1 1 0 0 Subtotal and frequency (%) 1 0.05 2 0.11 1 0.05 Chile 0 0 Subtotal and frequency (%) Colombia 1 1 Subtotal and frequency (%) 1 0.46 1 0.46 Costa Rica Frequency (%) 0 Cuba Frequency (%) Ecuador Subtotal and frequency (%) Mexico 1 3 1 2 1 1 Subtotal and frequency (%) 1 0.36 3 1.09 1 0.36 1 0.36 2 0.73 1 0.36 Uruguay Frequency (%) 1 1.31 Venezuela Subtotal and frequency (%) Total 1 1 1 1 1 3 7 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 Frequency (%) 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.16 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 (continued ) Table 2 c.1716GNA c.1717-1GNA c.1782delA c.1811+1,6KbANG c.1812-1GNA c.1898+1GNA c.1898+3ANG c.1924_1930del c.2055_2063del c.2183AANG;c.2184delA c.2184delA c.2185_2186insC 5 1 4 1 1 1 0 1 2 2 6 0.48 1 0.08 6 0.48 2 0.16 1 0.08 1 0.08 1 0.08 1 0 6 5 1 3 0 0 0 0 7 0.37 5 0.27 1 0.05 3 0.16 0 0 12 1 12 5.50 1 0.46 0 0 1 1 2 2 1 0.36 1 0.36 2 0.73 2 0.73 1 1.31 1 14 1 18 5 3 1 1 2 6 1 1 0.02 0.32 0.02 0.41 0.11 0.07 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.14 0.02 0.02 (continued on next page) Table 2 Mutation frequencies in Latin American CF patients Country c.2347delG c.2566_2567insT* c.2594_2595delGT* c.2686_2687insT* c.2789+2_2789+3insA c.2789+5GNA c.2869_2870insG c.3120+1GNA c.3171delC c.3199_3204del c.3272-26ANG c.3500-2ANG* Argentina 2 1 2 2 3 3 1 1 2 Subtotal and frequency (%) 2 0.16 1 0.08 2 0.16 2 0.16 6 0.48 1 0.08 1 0.08 2 0.16 Brazil 2 1 1 1 6 0 0 4 0 Subtotal and frequency (%) 2 0.11 1 0.05 1 0.05 10 0.54 1 0.05 Chile Subtotal and frequency (%) Colombia 1 1 1 Subtotal and frequency (%) 1 0.46 1 0.46 1 0.46 Costa Rica Frequency (%) Cuba Frequency (%) Ecuador Subtotal and frequency (%) Mexico 2 Subtotal and frequency (%) 2 0.73 Uruguay Frequency (%) 1 1.31 Venezuela Subtotal and frequency (%) Total 2 2 1 3 2 9 1 12 1 2 2 1 Frequency (%) 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.07 0.05 0.21 0.02 0.28 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.02 (continued ) Table 2 c.3617_3618delGA*,# c.3659delC c.3849+1GNA c.3849+10kbCNT c.4005+1GNA c.4005-1GNA# c.4016_4017insT c.4160_4161insGGGG* c.IVS8-5T Unknown Authors 37 Aulehla-Scholz [17] 2 4 1 2 4 76 Visich [12] 1 78 Iba&#f1;ez [18] 54 Varela 2004 8 Prieto [19] 2 1 1 1 18 Oller-Ramirez 2004 4 0.32 6 0.48 1 0.08 1 0.08 2 0.16 5 0.40 271 21.75 205 Raskin [20] 32 Chiba [21] 1 89 Bernardino [22] 60 Marostica [23] 69 Parizotto [24] 99 Cabello [25,26] 33 Martins [27] 70 Streit [28] 0 5 120 Raskin [15] 0 0 12 Goloni-Bertollo [29] 1 0.05 5 0.27 789 42.46 48 Rios [30] 22 Molina [31] 1 11 Navarro [32] 0 3 34 Repetto [33] 4 1.58 115 45.63 1 67 Keyeux [14] 17 Restrepo [34] 1 0.46 84 38.53 0 25 52.08 Venegas [35] 95 65.97 Collazo [36] 20 Merino [37] 30 Cassiman 2004 15 Paz-y-Mino [38] 65 63.72 1 1 53 Orozco [13] 2 35 Villalobos [39] 3 1.09 1 0.36 88 32.11 11 14.47 Luzardo [40,41] 36 Restrepo [34] 41 Alvarado [42] 77 56.62 1 4 1 18 1 1 2 1 5 1620 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.41 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.11 37.21 Mutation frequencies in Latin American CF patients most frequently found in Caucasians, by allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR), enzymatic digestion, allele specific oligonucleotide hybridization (ASO), or using mainly commercial kits, whereas other studies used a systematic approach to analyse the promoter, coding and exon/ intron boundaries of the CFTR region in the search for any possible mutation. Login to comment
90 Table 4 Mutations with frequencies between 0.1% and 1% Mutation Frequency Country Number of chromosomes % p.R334W 39 0.90 Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Uruguay p.G85E 32 0.73 Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Mexico, Uruguay p.R553X 22 0.51 Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Uruguay c.1811+1.6KbANG 18 0.41 Argentina, Colombia c.3849+10KbCNT 18 0.41 Argentina, Mexico c.1717-1GNA 14 0.32 Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay c.3120+1GNA 12 0.28 Argentina, Brazil Colombia p.I507del 10 0.23 Brazil, Mexico, Uruguay c.2789+5GNA 9 0.21 Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Uruguay c.621+1GNT 7 0.16 Argentina, Brazil, Mexico p.S549N 6 0.14 Mexico p.S549R 6 0.14 Argentina, Brazil, Colombia p.G551D 6 0.14 Argentina, Mexico p.R1066C 6 0.14 Argentina, Colombia, Mexico c.2183ANG;c.2184delA 6 0.14 Argentina, Mexico p.Y1092X 5 0.11 Colombia, Mexico c.1812-1GNA 5 0.11 Brazil c.IVS8-5T 5 0.11 Argentina c.3659delC 4 0.09 Argentina Unfortunately, at present not all Latin-American countries have started molecular studies in their patients with a probable Cystic Fibrosis diagnosis. Login to comment
139 From a clinical point of view, a first screen should include the main mutation panel described in Table 6, after which a locally (geographically) adapted choice of other relevant regions of the CFTR gene to be screened (particular mutations, or exons and exon/intron boundaries) seems advisable in those patients where the genotype remains unknown after the basic panel screening, like for instance the p.R553X mutation in Sao Paulo [20] and Formosa (Varela and Targovnik, personal communication), since otherwise an important proportion of mutations in these patients could be overlooked. Login to comment

PMID: 18788470 [PubMed] Flores-Martinez SE et al: "XV-2c/KM19 haplotypes analysis of cystic fibrosis patients from western Mexico."

No. Sentence Comment

71 Of the 64 CF chromosomes, 30 carried the F508del mutation, 7 the G542X mutation, and the remaining 27 chromosomes carried the 3849+10 Kb C>T, 621+1 G>T, G551D, R553X, F311de1, R352Q, R74W mutations, as well as the new mutation 2053-2060del (unpublished data) or unidentified mutations; all of these were grouped as "other" (Table II). Login to comment
78 (%) of XV-2c/KM19 haplotypes Chromosomes A B C D CF (n=64) 10 (15.6%) 46 (71.9%) 5 (7.8%) 3 (4.7%) F508del (n=30) - 29 (96.7%) - 1 (3.3%) G542X (n=7) - 7 (100%) - - Other* (n=27) 10 (37.0%) 10 (37.0%) 5 (18.5%) 2 (7.4%) Non-CF (n=30) 18 (60%) 0 (0%) 9 (30%) 3 (10%) *Chromosomes bearing detected mutations (3849+10 Kb C>T, 621+1 G>T, G551D, R553X, F311del, R352Q, R74W, 2053-2060del), or unidentified mutations. Login to comment

PMID: 18822253 [PubMed] Munck A et al: "[The French nationwide cystic fibrosis newborn screening program: strategy and results]."

No. Sentence Comment

50 L`organigramme du DNN (fig. 1) pr&#e9;voit une valeur seuil de TIR &#e0; J3 d&#e9;termin&#e9;e sur les donn&#e9;es des r&#e9;gions fran&#e7;aises ayant d&#e9;but&#e9; ce d&#e9;pistage il y a plus de 10 ans afin de s&#e9;lec- Mutations recherch&#e9;es par le Kit Elucigen dans le cadre du d&#e9;pistage n&#e9;onatal de la mucoviscidose (Kit CF30) : F508del ; I 507del ; 1078delT, 1717-1 G>A ; 2183AA>G ; 3659delC ; 3849+10kbC>T ; 621+1G>T ; A455E ; E60X ; G542X ; G551D ; N1303K ; R1162X ; R117H ; R334W ; R347P ; R553X ; S1251N ;W1282X ; 1811+1.6kbA>G ; 2789+5G>A ; 3120+1G>A ; 3272-26A>G ; 394delT ; 711+1G>T ; G85E ; Y1092X ; Y122X ;W846X. Login to comment

PMID: 19627168 [PubMed] Rowe SM et al: "Pharmaceuticals targeting nonsense mutations in genetic diseases: progress in development."

No. Sentence Comment

484 [26] They extended this work to the four most common disease-causing mutations in CFTR (G542X, R553X, R1162X, and W1282X), including studies in an immortalized lower airway cell line (IB3-1) isolated from a CF patient heterozygous for the W1282X CFTR mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 20166764 [PubMed] Becq F et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators for personalized drug treatment of cystic fibrosis: progress to date."

No. Sentence Comment

97 Class I includes nonsense, frame shift and splice site mutations (e.g. stop mutations: G542X, R553X, W1282X) leading to unstable transcripts and failure of CFTR translation. Login to comment

PMID: 20619026 [PubMed] Ras JE et al: "[Cystic fibrosis in a woman aged seventy]."

No. Sentence Comment

63 TABEL 1 Classificatie van mutaties in het 'cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator`(CFTR)-gen op chromosoom 7 klasse mechanisme enkele bekende mutaties I geen synthese van het CFTR-eiwit G542X R553X W1282X R1162X 621-1G࢐T 1717-1G࢐A 1078࢞T 3659࢞C II defect in eiwitrijping met voortijdig afbraak ࢞F508 ࢞I507 N1303K S549N III verstoorde regulatie van de CFTR-functie G551D R56OT IV verstoorde conductie van chloride of verstoorde kanaalopening R117H R334W G85E R347P V minder synthese van het CFTR-eiwit 3849+10KbC࢐T 2789+5G࢐A A455E TABEL 2 Diagnostiek van cystische fibrose test testuitslag klassieke CF* niet-klassieke CFߤ zweettest chlorideconcentratie > 60 mmol/l chlorideconcentratie ࣘ 60 mmol/l neuspotentiaalmeting afwijkend niet-afwijkend CFTR-mutatie-analyse 2 mutaties 2 mutaties CF = cystische fibrose; CFTR = 'cystic fibrosis transporter regulator`-gen. Login to comment

PMID: 22043142 [PubMed] Lilley M et al: "Newborn screening for cystic fibrosis in Alberta: Two years of experience."

No. Sentence Comment

46 These include the following mutations: delF508, I507del, G542X, G85E, R117H, 621+1G࢐T, 711+1G࢐T, G551D, R334W, R347P, A455E, 1717-1G࢐A, R560T, R553X, N1303K, 1898+1G࢐A, 2184delA, 2789+5G࢐A, 3120+1G࢐A, R1162X, 3659delC, 3849+10kbC࢐T, W1282X, 1078delT, 394delTT, Y122X, R347H, V520F, A559T, S549N, S549R, 1898+5G࢐T, 2183AA࢐G, 2307insA, Y1092X, M1101K, S1255X, 3876delA and 3905insT. Login to comment

PMID: 22527665 [PubMed] Smaczny C et al: "[Emergencies in adult mucoviscidosis patients]."

No. Sentence Comment

19 Bei Neugeborenen kommt es typischerweise zu einem Tab. 1ߓ Typische Mutationen bei der Mukoviszidose Mutationsklasse Defektbeschreibung Beispiele (alte Nomenklatur) I Vollst&#e4;ndigerVerlust der CFTR-Protein- synthese R553X, G542X, N1303K, Êf; 1717-1 G &#e1;ߙ A II St&#f6;rung der Reifung und des intrazellul&#e4;- renTransports des CFTR-Proteins DF508 III Regulationsst&#f6;rung des Ionenkanals G551D IV St&#f6;rung der Ionenleitf&#e4;higkeit des CFTR-Kanals R347H, R117H V Verminderte CFTR-Konzentration in der Zelle 3849+10kBÊf;C &#e1;ߙ T VI Beschleunigter CFTR-Abbau ߕ CFTRÉe;Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator". Login to comment

PMID: 23142604 [PubMed] Gelfond D et al: "Gastrointestinal complications of cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

20 The most common genotypes in infants with MI are severe mutations (F508del, G542X, W1282X, R553X, G551D), although most patients with these mutations do not present with MI.9 Recent genome-wide association studies have been able to account for approximately 17% of the phenotypic variability,14 implying that other non-CFTR genetic factors also contribute to this clinical presentation. Login to comment

PMID: 23209179 [PubMed] Ferec C et al: "Assessing the Disease-Liability of Mutations in CFTR."

No. Sentence Comment

55 Mutations in CFTR including G542X, R553X (p.Arg553X), and W1282X have been shown to lead to NMRD in primary airway cells (Hamosh et al. 1991, 1992b; Will et al. 1995). Login to comment

PMID: 23276700 [PubMed] Krenkova P et al: "Distribution of CFTR mutations in the Czech population: positive impact of integrated clinical and laboratory expertise, detection of novel/de novo alleles and relevance for related/derived populations."

No. Sentence Comment

89 Mutations/HGVS nomenclature/ Mutations/traditional nomenclature, legacy name/ Czech Republic 2012 (this study) (N=1200) Slovakia 2010 (N=856) Eastern Hungary 2011 (N=80) Germany Bavaria 2002 (N=250) Austria Tyrol 1997 (N=126) Austria NorthEast, North- North 2002 (N=118) Poland (N=1726) c.1521_1523delCTT F508del 67.42 66.80 70.00 74.00 74,60 70.30 57.0 c.54-5940_273+10250del21 kb CFTRdele2,3/21kb 5.75 2.26 5.00 1.2* 2.6# NA 1.80 c.1652GNA G551D 2.91 b0.50 0.00 6.40 1.60 2.50 0.50 c.3909CNG N1303K 2.42 2.03 5.00 2.40 0.00 NA 1.80 c.1624GNT G542X 2.00 4.06 3.75 3.20 2.40 5.10 2.60 c.3718-2477CNT 3849+10kbCNT 1.67 4.28 0.00 NA 0.00 3.40 2.70 c.1766+1GNA 1898+1GNA 1.42 b0.50 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA c.1040GNC R347P 0.92 1.10 1.25 0.80 1.60 2.50 NA c.2012delT 2143delT 0.92 1.10 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA c.3140-26ANG 3272-26ANG 0.67 b0.50 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA c.3846GNA W1282X 0.58 b0.50 0.00 NA 0.00 NA 0.70 c.1007TNA I336K 0.58 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA c.1657CNT R553X 0.50 0.90 0.00 1.20 0.00 NA 1.90 c.2657+5GNA 2789+5GNA 0.50 0.00 0.00 NA 2.40 NA NA c.2834CNT S945L 0.50 0.00 0.00 NA 0.00 NA NA c.2052_2053insA 2184insA 0.42 1.58 5.00 NA 0.00 NA NA Legend: data for Slovakia [12], Eastern Hungary [14], Germany-Bavaria [13], Austria-Tyrol [18], Austria North East and North West [13], Poland and *[8], and # [16]. Login to comment

PMID: 23483918 [PubMed] van Meegen MA et al: "Apical CFTR expression in human nasal epithelium correlates with lung disease in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

70 90% yes insufficient 7 F508del/R553X F 14. Login to comment
119 High and low apical CFTR expression was observed in F508del-CFTR compound heterozygous patients (see Table 3 for classification of mutations) that carried class I mutations as second allele (1717-1G.A and R553X, respectively), suggesting that mono-allelic expression of F508del-CFTR could be sufficient to drive high levels of apical expression (Fig. 3, right scatter plots). Login to comment
208 1717-1G.A Class I altered splicing 365insT Class I frameshift 4243-3T.A Class V altered splicing A455E Class II, V missense F508del Class II, III, VI amino acid deletion IVS11-1G.C Class I altered splicing R553X Class I nonsense S1252N Class III missense doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057617.t003 Supporting Information Figure S1 Bland-Altman plots. Login to comment

PMID: 23503723 [PubMed] Zhou L et al: "Symmetric snapback primers for scanning and genotyping of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene."

No. Sentence Comment

83 In exon 12, two nearby variants (p.R551D and p.R553X) were genotyped with 1 snapback primer, because all alleles had unique stabilities (Fig. 2). Login to comment
140 Scanning and genotyping of 2 mutations (p.G551D and p.R553X) in exon 12 of CFTR with 1 snapback primer. Login to comment
146 The wild-type Tm is at 72 &#b0;C, p.G551D is at 64 &#b0;C, p.R553X is at 60 &#b0;C, and a compound heterozygote in trans shows a broad peak with a Tm of 62 &#b0;C. Login to comment
171 Examples include p.G551D and p.R553X, which are separated by 4 bases (Fig. 2), and p.I507del and p.F508del (Fig. 3). Login to comment

PMID: 23523379 [PubMed] Rechitsky S et al: "PGD for cystic fibrosis patients and couples at risk of an additional genetic disorder combined with 24-chromosome aneuploidy testing."

No. Sentence Comment

42 [1075C>A; 1079C>A] p.[Gln359Lys; Thr360Lys] Exon 8 1 1 1 4 1 1 R297Q c.890G>A p.Arg297Gln Exon 8 1 1 1 2 0 0 R347P c.1040G>C p.Arg347Pro Exon 8 3 5 2 4 1 1 T338I c.1013C>T p.Thr338Ile Exon 8 1 1 1 2 1 1 DF508 c.1521_1523delCTT p.Phe508del Exon 11 130 195 172 345 88 (4) 92 DI507 c.1519_1521delATC p.Ile507del Exon 11 1 5 5 11 2 1 Q493R c.1478A>G p.Gln493Arg Exon 11 5 5 2 2 2 2 1717-1G-A c.1585-1G>A - Intron 11 6 10 9 18 6 8 G542X c.1624G>T p.Gly542X Exon 12 14 17 15 34 10 10 G551S c.1651G>A p.Gly551Ser Exon 12 1 1 1 2 1 1 G551D c.1652G>A p.Gly551Asp Exon 12 12 22 19 33 7 8 I556V c.1666A>G p.Ile556Val Exon 12 1 2 2 4 1 1 R553X c.1657C>T p.Arg553X Exon 12 3 4 2 4 0 0 R560T c.1679G>C p.Arg560Thr Exon 12 1 1 1 2 1 2 1898+1G-A c.1766 &#b1; 1G>A - Intron 13 1 1 1 2 1 1 2184delA c.2052delA p.Lys684AsnfsX38 Exon 14 1 1 0 0 0 0 G622D c.1865G>A p.Gly622Asp Exon 14 1 1 1 3 0 0 N703S c.2108A>G p.Asn703Ser Exon 14 1 2 2 3 2 2 S737F c.2210C>T p.Ser737Phe Exon 14 1 1 0 0 0 0 2622+1G-A c.2490 &#b1; 1G>A - Intron 14 1 5 5 13 1 1 2752-26A-G c.2620-26A>G - Intron 15 1 2 2 4 0 0 2789+5G-A c.2657 &#b1; 5G>A - Intron 16 3 5 4 8 0 0 3120G-A c.2988G>A - Exon 18 2 2 1 2 1 0 3067-72del c.3067_3072del p.Ile1023_Val1024del Exon 19 1 1 1 1 0 0 I1027T c.3080T>C p.Ile1027Thr Exon 19 1 1 1 1 0 0 L997F c.2991G>C p.Leu997Phe Exon 19 1 2 2 4 1 (1) 0 M1028R c.3083T>G p.Met1028Arg Exon 19 1 1 1 2 1 2 F1052V c.3154T>G p.Phe1052Val Exon 20 1 1 0 0 0 0 Y1092X c.3276C>A p.Tyr1092X Exon 20 1 2 1 2 1 1 A1136T c.3406G>A p.Ala1136Thr Exon 21 1 2 1 2 1 0 D1152H c.3454G>C p.Asp1152His Exon 21 3 7 7 15 1 1 3659 del C c.3528delC p.Lys1177SerfsX15 Exon 22 2 4 3 7 3 3 R1162X c.3484C>T p.Arg1162X Exon 22 1 3 2 5 2 2 S1235R c.3705T>G p.Ser1235Arg Exon 22 2 3 3 5 2 1 3849+10kbC>T c.3717 &#b1; 12191C>T - Intron 22 2 4 4 5 0 0 W1282X c.3846G>A p.Trp1282X Exon 23 15 20 20 42 11 11 N1303K c.3909C>G p.Asn1303Lys Exon 24 9 12 11 24 4 5 Q1352H c.4056G>C p.Gln1352His Exon 25 1 1 1 1 1 1 Total 265 404 345 685 172 (6a ) 175 Values are n unless otherwise stated. Login to comment
56 (CA)n EXON 4 (GATT)n Intron 4 Poly T tract Intron 10 R117H G--A R75XH C--T A120T G--A I148T T--C A349V C--T 1259 Ins A 621+1 G--T EXON 3 EXON 7 EXON 8 Delta I 507 EXON 10 Delta F 508 EXON 11 1717-1 G--A G542X G--T G550X G--T G551D G--A R553X C--T R560T G--C EXON 19 EXON 20 EXON 21 R1162X C--T W1282X G--A N1303K C--G IVS 1 Mutations in CFTR gene (PGD PERFORMED FOR 52 MUTATIONS) IVS 6 a IVS 8 (CA)n (CA)n IVS 17b (TA)n (CA)n D7S486 D7S522 D7S633 D7S677 D7S2847 D7S655 115,89 116.07 117.01 117.13 117.19 117.20 118.6 118.81 Mb IVS8-1 IVS8-2 Figure 1 Mutations (above) and linked markers (below) in CFTR that were used in multiplex PCR. Login to comment

PMID: 23540394 [PubMed] Altamura N et al: "Tobramycin is a suppressor of premature termination codons."

No. Sentence Comment

73 Discussion In CF at least 5-10% of the CF alleles carry a nonsense mutation (e.g. G542X, R553X, R1162X, W1282X; CF Mutation Analysis Consortium, http://www.genet.sickkids.on.ca/cftr/) that causes a premature arrest of translational termination thus preventing the synthesis of a full-length, often non-functional or partially functional, CFTR [4]. Login to comment

PMID: 23613805 [PubMed] Schippa S et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) allelic variants relate to shifts in faecal microbiota of cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

37 Patient Sex Age (years) CFTR allele, = CFTR allele, R Criterion I(a) Criterion II (1 = severe, 0 = mild)(b) Pancreatic status(d) FEV1% BMI 1 M 17 F508del M1V 2 (1) 1 65 17.91 2 F 23 F508del Y569D 2 (1) 0 97 18.66 3 (s1)(c) F 20 P1013L F508del 2 (0) 0 87 18.67 4 M 11 F508del L997F (without R117L) 2 0 0 110 21.33 5 (s1)(c) M 11 P1013L F508del 2 (0) 0 100 23.14 6 M 8 R553X F508del 2 1 0 80 15.87 7 M 3 F508del unknown 2 (0) 0 nd nd 8 F 33 F508del F508del 1 1 1 73 18.61 9 M 10 F508del L1077P 2 1 0 94 19.79 10 M 9 F508del G542X 2 1 1 100 16.00 11 F 9 4167delCTAAGCC L1065P 3 nd 1 76 14.57 12 F 14 R117C (without (TG)12T5) F508del 2 0 0 94 18.44 13 F 11 F508del 991del5 2 1 1 109 17.80 14 M 42 (TG)12T5 F508del 2 0 0 106 23.78 15 (s2)(c) M 9 F508del F508del 1 1 1 82 15.45 16 M 10 F508del R347P 2 (0) 0 89 15.91 17 (s2)(c) F 6 F508del F508del 1 1 1 110 15.20 18 (s3)(c) M 39 2789+5G.A N1303K 3 nd 0 105 19.33 19 (s3)(c) F 41 2789+5G.A N1303K 3 nd 0 80 19.47 20 F 26 N1303K W1282X 3 nd 1 90 19.57 21 M 7 CFTRdele2,3 (21 kb) N1303K 3 nd 1 107 12.85 22 F 9 F508del L997F (without R117L) 2 0 0 113 25.21 23 M 7 P5L W1282X 3 nd 0 89 22.31 24 M 9 2789+5G.A F508del 2 (1) 1 97 15.60 25 F 2 F508del F508del 1 1 1 nd nd 26 F 32 N1303K N1303K 3 nd 1 107 21.22 27 M 14 L1065R T338I 3 nd 0 116 21.50 28 M 12 711+3A.G S549R(A.C) 3 nd 0 97 20.00 29 M 13 unknown R117H (without (TG)12T5) 3 nd 0 104 19.36 30 M 14 F508del G542X 2 1 1 84 21.87 31 F 13 F508del F508del 1 1 1 85 18.00 32 F 41 2789+5G.A N1303K 3 nd 1 84 21.08 33 F 21 L1065P F508del 2 (0) 0 62 18.29 34 F 50 D1152H F508del 2 (0) 0 63 23.74 35 M 29 F508del 2790-2A.G 2 (1) 0 92 24.46 36 F 45 unknown W1282X 3 nd 0 69 23.42 a (Hm = 1; Ht = 2; N = 3). Login to comment

PMID: 23632450 [PubMed] Megiorni F et al: "Elevated levels of miR-145 correlate with SMAD3 down-regulation in cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

33 CF cases were F508del/F508del homozygotes (11/18) or carried at least one F508del variant: F508del/W1282X (3/18), F508del/N1303K (1/18), F508del/G85E (1/18), F508del/S549R(A N C) (1/18); one individual was homozygote for CFTR mutations different from F508del (R553X/N1303K). Login to comment

PMID: 23712087 [PubMed] Torresani T et al: "Newborn screening for cystic fibrosis in Switzerland--consequences after analysis of a 4 months pilot study."

No. Sentence Comment

48 CFTR mutation screening (2nd tier) The SNSL determined the seven most common CFTR mutations in Switzerland with an in-house developed kit (SWISS PANEL: F508del, 3905insT, G542X, R553X, W1282X, 1717-1GNA, N1303K) [10,1]. Login to comment

PMID: 23724185 [PubMed] Farjadian S et al: "Clinical and genetic features in patients with cystic fibrosis in southwestern iran."

No. Sentence Comment

26 Genomic DNA was extracted from 200 &#b5;L of whole blood with the QiaAmp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA) and 29 common CFTR gene mutations (D1152H, 1717-1G>A, G542X, W1282X, N1303K, ࢞F508, 3849+10kbC>T, 394delTT, 621+1G>T, S1251N, G551D, R117H, R1162X, R334W, A455E, 2183AA>G, 3659delC, 1078delT, ࢞I507, R347P, R553X, E60X, 3120+1G>A, 2789+5G>A, 1898+1G>A, 711+1G>T, G85E, 2184delA and R560T) were analyzed with the ELUCIGENE CF29 v. 2 kit using four multiplex PCR. Login to comment

PMID: 23758905 [PubMed] de Lima Marson FA et al: "Genetic interaction of GSH metabolic pathway genes in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

54 Data was recorded by the PF BREEZE software version 3.8B for Windows 95/98/NT [32] and the following markers were included: forced Table 2 Genotypic characteristic of gene polymorphisms at GCLC, GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genes and CFTR gene mutation among cystic fibrosis patients Gene Chromosome position Location Variation Genotype MAF p* C/C C/T T/T GCLC, rs17883901 6p12 Promoter region C/T 144 (80%) 29 (16.11%) 7 (3.89%) 0.12 <0.005 1 A/A A/G G/G GCLC, rs137852340 6p12 Promoter region A/G 118 (65.56%) 56 (31.11%) 6 (3.33%) 0.19 >0.05 GSTP1, rs1695 11q13 Exon 5 A/G 97 (53.89%) 74 (41.11%) 9 (5%) 0.26 >0.05 Wt/Wt + Wt/del del/del GSTM1 1p13.3 Deletion 108 (60%) 72 (40%) GSTT1 22q11.23 Deletion 117 (65%) 63(35%) CFTR mutation genoytpe N Frequency F508del/F508del 57 31.67% F508del/G542X 12 6.67% F508del/R1162X 5 2.78% F508del/N1303K 4 2.22% F508del/R553X 1 0.56% F508del/S4X 1 0.56% F508del/1717-1G>A 1 0.56% G542X/R1162X 1 0.56% G542X/I618T 1 0.56% G542X/2183A>G 1 0.56% R1162X/R1162X 1 0.56% F508del/- 45 25.00% G542X/- 5 2.78% R1162X/- 1 0.56% -/- 44 24.45% GCLC glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, GSTM1 Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1, GSTT1 Glutathione S-transferase theta 1, GSTP1 Glutathione S-transferase P1, CFTR Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, C Cytosine, T Thymine, A Adenine, G Guanine, < minor than, > bigger than, MAF minor allele frequency, % percentage, *p value for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, N number of patients, Wt Wild allele, del deleted allele, (-) CFTR mutation no identified. Login to comment
59 The CFTR gene mutations were investigated by PCR technique (F508del) and the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method (G542X, R1162X, R553X, G551D and N1303K). Login to comment

PMID: 23810505 [PubMed] Prach L et al: "Novel CFTR variants identified during the first 3 years of cystic fibrosis newborn screening in California."

No. Sentence Comment

26 Newborns were screened using the California method, which includes i) analysis of serum immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) levels using the AutoDELFIA neonatal IRT L kit (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA) in all newborn blood spot specimens, ii) CFTR mutation panel [29-40 mutations (the mutations on the California panel were selected for the most part according to allelic frequencies found in a comprehensively genotyped group of California CF cases to achieve a 95% race/ethnicity-specific rate of CF case detection in black, white, and Hispanic individuals in California and include c.1585-1G>A, c.1680-1G>A, c.1973-1985del13insAGAAA, c.2175_2176insA, c.164 &#fe; 2T>A (removed on August 12, 2008), c.2988 &#fe; 1G>A, c.3717 &#fe; 12191C>T, c.3744delA, c.274-1G>A, c.489 &#fe; 1G>T, c.579 &#fe; 1G>T, p.A559T, p.F311del, p.F508del, p.I507del, p.G542X, p.G551D, p.G85E, p.H199Y, p.N1303K, p.R1066C, p.R1162X, p.R334W, p.R553X, p.S549N, p.W1089X, p.W1204X (c.3611G>A), p.W1282X, c.1153_1154insAT [added October 4, 2007], c.1923_1931del9insA, c.3140-26A>G, c.531delT, c.803delA, c.54-5940_273 &#fe; 10250del21kb, p.P205S, p.Q98R, p.R75X, p.S492F [added December 12, 2007], c.3659delC, p.G330X, p.W1204X [c.3612G>A] [added August 12, 2008] [Signature CF 2.0 ASR; Asuragen Inc., Austin, TX])] testing of specimens with IRT 62 ng/mL (highest 1.5%), iii) CFTR gene scanning and sequence analysis (Ambry Test: CF; Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA) for specimens found to have only one mutation after CFTR mutation panel testing, and iv) referral to 1 of 15 pediatric CF care centers (CFCs) for sweat chloride (SC) testing and follow-up of all newborns with either two CFTR mutations detected during panel testing or one CFTR mutation detected during panel testing and one (or more) additional CFTR mutation and/or variant detected during sequencing. Login to comment
59 of parents receiving CFTR mutation testing Diagnosis/ status Study participants with positive NBS results 1 W, H 83.5 p.F508del* c.2554_2555insTy 7T/9T 2 CF 2 H 527.0 p.F508del c.-877C>T p.F1107L 7T/9T 0 CF 3 W 86.5 p.F508del p.V562Iy c.-837T>Cy 5Tyz /9T 1 CF 4 H 222.3 p.F508del p.I556V c.1278delC NA 0 CF 5 H, O 93.5 p.F508del* c.-152G>Cy 7T/9T 2 CF 6 W, H, B, O 95.4 p.F508del* p.L323Py 5Tyz /9T 2 CF 7 H 70.5 p.F508del p.L32M 7T/9T 0 CF 8 W 209.5 p.F508del c.2883_2886dupGTCA 9T/9T 0 CF 9 H 155.7 p.F508del* c.2349_2350insT 7T/9T 1 CF 10 O 146.8 p.F508del* c.3718-24G>Ay 5Tyx /9T 2 CF 11 B 99.4 p.A559T* p.L206Wy c.-448A>G* 7T/9T 2 CF 12 W, H 90.3 p.P205S p.K114del 7T/7T 0 CF 13 H 69.7 p.P205S p.K114del 7T/7T 0 CF 14 H 82.9 c.274-1G>A* c.-602A>Ty 7T/7T 2 CF 15 W 106.6 p.F508del* c.-461A>Gy c.-983A>T* 7T/9T 2 CRMS 16 W, B 83.9 p.F508del c.4243-5C>T 5T*x /9T 1 CRMS 17 W 81.5 p.F508del* p.I1027T* p.Y325C 7T/9T 2 CRMS 18 H 70.7 p.F508del c.-967T>C 9T/9T 0 CRMS 19 W, H 62.4 p.F508del* c.-635A>G 7T/9T 1 CRMS 20 H 65.4 p.F508dely c.2490 &#fe; 14G>T* 7T/9T 2 CRMS 21 W 69.3 p.F508del* c.744-15T>Cy 7T/9T 2 CRMS 22 W, H, O 66.2 p.F508del p.D249Y 7T/9T 0 CRMS 23 H 94.8 p.F508del p.R811S 7T/9T 0 CRMS 24 W 75.8 p.F508del* p.H1375Ny 7T/9T 2 CRMS 25 H 63.0 p.F508del p.L136P 7T/9T 0 CRMS 26 W, O 63.0 p.F508del* p.M1140L 7T/9T 1 CRMS 27 W, O 91.7 p.F508del p.V1198M 9T/9T 0 CRMS 28 H 69.3 p.F508dely c.1767-13T>G* 7T/9T 2 CRMS 29 H 108.8 p.F508del p.V1322L 7T/9T 0 CRMS 30 H 96.4 p.F508dely p.C76R* 7T/9T 2 CRMS 31 H 69.0 c.3140-26A>G c.-510G>A* 7T/7T 1 CRMS 32 H 100.2 p.G542X c.-684G>A* 7T/9T 1 CRMS 33 H 84.1 c.1153_1154insAT* c.-730A>Gy 7T/7T 2 CRMS 34 H 62.9 c.1973_ 1985del13insAGAAA* p.D112Gy 7T/7T 2 CRMS 35 H 116.7 c.3744delA* p.T887P 7T/7T 1 CRMS 36 B 73.3 c.2988 &#fe; 1G>A c.-288G>C 7T/9T 0 CRMS 37 H 93.5 p.R75X c.3367 &#fe; 3A>C 7T/7T 0 CRMS 38 W, H 81.4 c.3717 &#fe; 12191C>T* c.-769A>Gy 7T/7T 2 CRMS 39 W 79.0 c.3717 &#fe; 12191C>Ty p.R668Cy p.T1396P* 7T/9T 2 CRMS 40 H 87.3 c.274-1G>A p.F315S 7T/7T 0 CRMS 41 H 79.7 p.G542X c.869 &#fe; 8G>T 7T/9T 0 CRMS 42 O 79.8 p.R553X p.T1478R 7T/7T 0 CRMS 43 H 70.5 p.A559T* c.-448A>G* 7T/7T 2 Carrier 44 B 76.2 p.A559T* c.-448A>G* 7T/7T 1 Carrier 45 W, H 69.2 p.G85E* c.744-15T>C* 5Tyz /7T 2 Carrier 46 W 69.1 p.N1303K* c.2490 &#fe; 14G>A* 7T/9T 1 Carrier 47 W, O 111.7 p.F508del c.3963 &#fe; 6G>T 7T/9T 0 ND{ 48 W 80.1 p.F508del p.R1128G 7T/9T 0 ND{ (table continues) sequencing. Login to comment

PMID: 23866907 [PubMed] Landaburu I et al: "Genetic testing of sperm donors for cystic fibrosis and spinal muscular atrophy: evaluation of clinical utility."

No. Sentence Comment

51 The panel of mutations studied was: S549N, S549R, R553X, G551D, V520F, I507del, F508del, 3876delA, 1717-1G->A, G542X, R560T, 3120+1G->A, A455E, R117H, 394delTT, 2183AA- >G, 2184delA, 2789+5G->A, 1898+1G->A, 621+1G->T, 711+1G- >T, G85E, R347P, R347H, W1282X, R334W, 1078delT, 3849+10kbC->T, R1162X, N1303K, 3659delC, 3905insT. Login to comment

PMID: 23922647 [PubMed] Rowe SM et al: "Optimizing nasal potential difference analysis for CFTR modulator development: assessment of ivacaftor in CF subjects with the G551D-CFTR mutation."

No. Sentence Comment

66 Characteristic Part 1 Part 2 Placebo (n = 4) Ivacaftor TOTAL (n = 20) Placebo (n = 4) Ivacaftor TOTAL (n = 19) 25 mg/75 mg (n = 4) 75 mg/25 mg (n = 4) 75 mg/150 mg (n = 4) 150 mg/75 mg (n = 4) 150 mg (n = 8) 250 mg (n = 7) Sex, n (%) Male 2 (50) 1 (25) 4 (100) 1 (25) 1 (25) 9 (45) 3 (75) 3 (38) 4 (57) 10 (53) Female 2 (50) 3 (75) 0 3 (75) 3 (75) 11 (55) 1 (25) 5 (63) 3 (43) 9 (47) Race, n (%) White 4 (100) 4 (100) 4 (100) 4 (100) 4 (100) 20 (100) 4 (100) 8 (100) 7 (100) 19 (100) Age, yr, median (range) 36 (19-48) 31 (22-51) 41 (22-50) 26 (19-34) 21 (19-33) 30 (19-51) 24 (18-42) 23 (18-40) 21 (20-38) 21 (18-42) BMI, kg/m 2 , median (range) 23 (22-29) 23 (20-24) 24 (19-27) 20 (19-24) 21 (17-26) 23 (17-29) 22 (21-23) 22 (20-23) 23 (20-25) 22 (20-25) CFTR genotype G551D/F508del 3 (75) 4 (100) 4 (100) 2 (50) 3 (75) 16 (80) 4 (100) 7 (88) 5 (71) 16 (84) G551D/1078delT 1 (25) - - - - 1 (5) - - - - G551D/G551D - - - - 1 (25) 1 (5) - - - - G551D/N1303K - - - 1 (25) - 1 (5) - - - - G551D/R553X - - - 1 (25) - 1 (5) - - - - G551D/3849+10 kbC - - - - - - - - 1 (14) 1 (5) G551D/6214R1G+7T - - - - - - - 1 (13) - 1 (5) G551D/G542X - - - - - - - - 1 (14) 1 (5) % Predicted FEV 1 , median (range) 40% to ,70%, n (%) 3 (75) 3 (75) 4 (100) 2 (50) 4 (100) 16 (80) 2 (50) 5 (63) 3 (43) 10 (53) 70% to ,90%, n (%) - - - 1 (25) - 1 (5) .90%, n (%) - 1 (25) - 1 (25) - 3 (15) 2 (50) 1 (13) 1 (14) 4 (21) Sweat chloride, mmol/L, median (range) 105.25 (97.00- 112.00) 107.50 (60.00-117.00) 104.50 (102.00-117.00) 97.50 (92.00-102.50) 99.00 (83.00-104.00) 102.00 (60.00-117.00) 93.75 (88.00- 109.50) 100.13 (86.75- 112.50) 97.25 (84.75- 115.75) 95.50 (84.75- 115.75) BMI, body-mass index; CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; FEV 1 , forced expiratory volume in one second. Login to comment

PMID: 23934925 [PubMed] Rab A et al: "Cigarette smoke and CFTR: implications in the pathogenesis of COPD."

No. Sentence Comment

69 Only six other mutations have a frequency of greater than 1% in the CF population (G542X, W1282X, G551D, 621 af9; G&#a1;T, N1303K, and R553X) (157). Login to comment

PMID: 23953609 [PubMed] Lu S et al: "Different cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator mutations in Chinese men with congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens and other acquired obstructive azoospermia."

No. Sentence Comment

70 In this study, we analyzed exons 10 and 11 CFTR gene in CBAVD and other acquired obstructive azoospermia because common mutations such as F508del, D507, G551D, G542X, R560T, and R553X associated with CF in Caucasians were frequently identified in these exons. Login to comment

PMID: 23983009 [PubMed] Devesa I et al: "Targeting protein-protein interactions to rescue Deltaf508-cftr: a novel corrector approach to treat cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

6 The CF phenotype is caused by more than 1000 mutations of the CFTR gene including missense, such as R117H or G551D that significantly reduce channel activity, and nonsense like G542X, R553X or W1282X, which abrogate protein expression (Kreindler, 2010). Login to comment

PMID: 24171010 [PubMed] Parisi GF et al: "Liver disease in cystic fibrosis: an update."

No. Sentence Comment

68 Arg553X (࢞F508/R553X), 1 carrying genotype p.Phe508del/ unknown, and 1 carrying genotype unknown/unknown. Login to comment

PMID: 24204751 [PubMed] Wine JJ et al: "In vivo readout of CFTR function: ratiometric measurement of CFTR-dependent secretion by individual, identifiable human sweat glands."

No. Sentence Comment

97 ID G Genotype Sweat Cl (mEq) # Tests MCh Glands (n) Cktl Glands (n) C glands/ M glands (%) MCh Rate (nl/gl/ min) Cktl Rate (nl/gl/min) Mean C/M Ratio Ratio (% Control Mean) FEV1 Culture Results Control C2 F no mutations - 1 61 57 93% 2.53 0.538 0.221 83.49% - - C3 M - - 1 46 46 100% 8.47 2.713 0.376 142.02% - - C4 F - - 1 42 41 98% 3.23 0.715 0.244 92.03% - - C5 M - - 4 45 45 100% 4.75 0.606 0.139 52.49% - - C6 M - - 2 35 35 100% 7.35 1.285 0.338 127.56% - - C7 F - - 1 32 32 100% 5.69 1.426 0.272 102.42% - - C Mean 6 SD or sumsR 10 261 256 9963% 5.362.3 1.260.8 0.265 100632% Heterozygotes Hz1 M F508del - 3 37 37 100% 2.76 0.462 0.188 71.00% - - Hz2 F 3659 del C - 1 19 18 95% 1.63 0.215 0.139 52.26% - - Hz3 M F508del - 1 17 17 100% 11.95 1.704 0.150 56.66% - - Hz4 F R553X or N1303K - 1 35 33 94% 3.14 0.196 0.062 23.41% - - Hz Mean 6 SD or sumsR 6 108 105 9763% 4.964.7 0.6460.71 0.135 51620% CF-Pancreatic Insufficient PI1 F F508del/F508del 100 1 31 0 0% 2.52 0.000 0.000 0.00% 70% Pa (mucoid) PI2 F F508del/3659 del C 82 3 27 0 0% 3.35 0.000 0.000 0.00% 103% Aspergillus only PI3 F F508del/F508del 70 1 34 0 0% 0.88 0.000 0.000 0.00% 88% MRSA, Pa (mucoid) PI4 F F508del/I1027T/R851X - 3 47 0 0% 2.65 0.000 0.000 0.00% - - PI5 F R553X/N1303K 80 3 48 0 0% 1.58 0.000 0.000 0.00% Tx Tx PI6 F F508/F508 91 3 73 0 0% 1.35 0.000 0.000 0.00% 64% Pa (mucoid) PI7 M F508/621+1G-.T 133 1 26 0 0% 4.96 0.000 0.000 0.00% 95% Pa (muc.,non-muc.) Login to comment

PMID: 24251786 [PubMed] Xue X et al: "Synthetic aminoglycosides efficiently suppress cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator nonsense mutations and are enhanced by ivacaftor."

No. Sentence Comment

1 Using a dual-luciferase reporter system containing the four most prevalent CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) nonsense mutations (G542X, R553X, R1162X, and W1282X) within their local sequence contexts (the three codons on either side of the PTC), we found that NB124 promoted the most readthrough of G542X, R1162X, and W1282X PTCs. Login to comment
43 Dual Luciferase Assay Readthrough cassettes contained the G542X, R553X, R1162X, or W1282X CFTR PTCs (or the corresponding wild-type codon) together with three codons of upstream and downstream human CFTR sequence (Figure 2A; see also Table E1 in the online supplement). Login to comment
76 To test suppression of the four most common CFTR PTCs (G542X, R553X, R1162X, and W1282X), we constructed dual-luciferase reporters that each contained a Renilla gene, a firefly gene, and a CFTR readthrough cassette with each PTC, and the context of three additional codons on either side of the PTC (Figure 2A). Login to comment
101 In contrast, NB124 induced a much lower (1.2-fold) level of readthrough at the R553X PTC (Figure 2C), which was slightly lower than the readthrough induced by gentamicin. Login to comment
103 Furthermore, because all four of the CFTR PTCs tested were UGA nonsense codons, the differences observed in the readthrough pattern observed with the R553X mutation compared with the other PTCs demonstrates that the surrounding sequence context has a significant influence on the level of nonsense suppression obtained. Login to comment
194 In contrast, the UGA mutation associated with R553X was more refractory to suppression, demonstrating that sequence context plays an important role in PTC suppression. Further studies are needed to better understand how the sequence context causes these differences in PTC suppression. Login to comment

PMID: 24357848 [PubMed] Zvereff VV et al: "Cystic fibrosis carrier screening in a North American population."

No. Sentence Comment

63 This threshold could not be reached Table 1ߒ CFTR allele frequency identified by the CF32 mutation panel Varianta Number of detected alleles Mutation (%) Legacy nomenclature HGVS nomenclature F508delb p.F508del 31,142 68.69 R117Hb p.R117H 5,198 11.46 G542Xb p.G542X 1,162 2.56 G551Db p.G551D 989 2.18 W1282Xb p.W1282X 824 1.82 3120ߙ+ߙ1G>Ab c.2988ߙ+ߙ1G>A 706 1.56 N1303Kb p.N1303K 648 1.43 R553Xb p.R553X 487 1.07 3849ߙ+ߙ10kbC>Tb c.3717ߙ+ߙ12191C>T 436 0.96 621ߙ+ߙ1G>Tb c.489ߙ+ߙ1G>T 410 0.90 1717-1G>Ab c.1585-1G>A 388 0.86 2789ߙ+ߙ5G>Ab c.2657ߙ+ߙ5G>A 382 0.84 I507delb p.I507del 258 0.57 R334Wb p.R334W 257 0.57 R1162Xb p.R1162X 211 0.47 G85Eb p.G85E 199 0.44 1898ߙ+ߙ1G>Ab c.1766ߙ+ߙ1G>A 170 0.37 R347Hc p.R347H 160 0.35 3659delCb c.3528delC 155 0.34 3876delAc c.3744delA 153 0.34 R560Tb p.R560T 132 0.29 S549Nc p.S549N 125 0.28 3905insTc c.3773dupT 121 0.27 R347Pb p.R347P 117 0.26 2184delAb c.2052delA 107 0.24 A455Eb p.A455E 106 0.23 711ߙ+ߙ1G>Tb c.579ߙ+ߙ1G>T 65 0.14 394delTTc c.262_263delTT 56 0.12 V520Fc p.V520F 54 0.12 1078delTc c.948delT 52 0.11 2183AA>Ga,c c.2051_2052delAAinsG 37 0.08 S549Rc p.S549R 31 0.07 Total 45,338 100 a 2183AA>G variant was added to the panel in 2010. b Variants from ACMG/ACOG CF screening panel. c Classified as a CF-causing mutation by the CFTR2 Database. ACMG, American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics; ACOG, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; CF, cystic fibrosis; HGVS, Human Genome Variation Society. Table 2ߒ Continued on next page Table 2ߒ CFTR allele frequency identified by the CF69 mutation panel Varianta Allele frequency Mutation (%) Legacy nomenclature HGVS nomenclature F508delb p.F508del 1,868 60.49 R117Hb p.R117H 274 8.87 D1152Hc p.D1152H 125 4.05 G542Xb p.G542X 98 3.17 L206Wd p.L206W 73 2.36 3120ߙ+ߙ1G>Ab c.2988ߙ+ߙ1G>A 65 2.10 G551Db p.G551D 47 1.52 N1303Kb p.N1303K 42 1.36 W1282Xb p.W1282X 38 1.23 3849ߙ+ߙ10kbC>Tb c.3717ߙ+ߙ12191C>T 28 0.91 3876delAd c.3744delA 28 0.91 F311dele p.F312del 24 0.78 I507delb p.I507del 24 0.78 R553Xb p.R553X 24 0.78 R117Cd p.R117C 22 0.71 621ߙ+ߙ1G>Tb c.489ߙ+ߙ1G>T 21 0.68 1717-1G>Ab c.1585-1G>A 18 0.58 S549Nd p.S549N 18 0.58 R334Wb p.R334W 17 0.55 2789ߙ+ߙ5G>Ab c.2657ߙ+ߙ5G>A 16 0.52 G85Eb p.G85E 14 0.45 3199del6e c.3067_3072delATAGTG 12 0.39 R1066Cd p.R1066C 11 0.36 1898ߙ+ߙ1G>Ab c.1766ߙ+ߙ1G>A 10 0.32 R347Hd p.R347H 10 0.32 R1162 Xb p.R1162X 9 0.29 W1089Xd p.W1089X 9 0.29 2184delAb c.2052delA 8 0.26 2307insAd c.2175dupA 8 0.26 1078delTd c.948delT 7 0.23 R75Xd p.R75X 7 0.23 3120G>Ad c.2988 G>A 6 0.19 3659delCb c.3528delC 6 0.19 Q493Xd p.Q493X 6 0.19 R1158Xd p.R1158X 6 0.19 R560Tb p.R560T 6 0.19 1812-1G>Ad c.1680-1G>A 5 0.16 2055del9>Ad c.1923_1931del9insA 5 0.16 406-1G>Ad c.274-1G>A 5 0.16 A559Td p.A559T 5 0.16 R347Pb p.R347P 5 0.16 S1255Xd p.S1255X 5 0.16 1677delTAd c.1545_1546delTA 4 0.13 711ߙ+ߙ1G>Tb c.579ߙ+ߙ1G>T 4 0.13 E60Xd p.E60X 4 0.13 R352Qd p.R352Q 4 0.13 Y1092Xd p.Y1092X 4 0.13 2183AA>Gd c.2051_2052delAAinsG 3 0.10 3791delCd c.3659delC 3 0.10 3905insTd c.3773dupT 3 0.10 by 10 variants: the 2143delT, A455E, S549R, Y122X, and M1101K mutations, typically observed in Caucasians; 935delA, 2869insG, and Q890X in Hispanics; and 405+3A>C and G480C in the African-American population. Login to comment

PMID: 24513262 [PubMed] Sarles J et al: "Neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis: comparing the performances of IRT/DNA and IRT/PAP."

No. Sentence Comment

158 IRT d3 Ctrl IRT PAP Cl- Mut 1 Mut 2 1 66 68 0.4 80 ƊF508del ƊF508del 2 87.8 106.5 0.5 137 E1104X E1104X 3 93.2 105.8 0.8 82 G91R ƊF508del 4 71.1 56.7 0.3 80.0 ƊF508del ƊF508del 5 67.9 54.4 1.5 99.0 ƊF508del ƊF508del 6 87.1 82.9 4.5 70.0 E1104X D110H 7 61.5 62 5.0 88.0 R553X A455E 8 62.4 63.0 14.6 110.0 2183AANG 907delCins11 9 117.0 81.5 15.6 130.0 S466X S466X Lines 1-3: false negatives in the IRT/PAP strategy, 6-9: false negatives in the IRT/DNA strategy, due to mutations not detected by the Elucigeneࡊ CF30, 45: false negatives in both strategies. Login to comment

PMID: 24517344 [PubMed] Raju SV et al: "Impact of heterozygote CFTR mutations in COPD patients with chronic bronchitis."

No. Sentence Comment

81 As expected based on genotype-phenotype correlations in the disease [33], HBE cells derived from a F508del CFTR heterozygote had slightly lower CFTR activity at baseline than wild type monolayers as measured by Table 1 List of CFTR mutations analyzed F508del R117H 1717-1G > A R117C G85E R334W 1898 + 1G > A Y122X A455E R347P 2184delA G178R I507del R553X 2789 + 5G > A G314E G542X R560T 3120 + 1G > A G330X G551D W1282X 3659delC R347H N1303K 621 + 1G > T K710X 406-1G > A R1162X 711 + 1G > T E60X G480C R1066C W1089X V520F A559T S1196X Q1238X S1251N S1255X 663delT 935delA 1161delC 1288insTA 2184insA 2307insA 2711delT 2869insG R709X R764X R1158X 574delA Q493X 1898 + 5G > T 3905insT I506T 3849 + 10kbC > T 712-1G > T Q98R Q552X S549N 1078delT H199Y 444delA S549R (T > G) 2143delT P205S 2043delG 1811 + 1.6kbA > G 3272-26A > G L206W 3791delC Y1092X (C > G) 3199del6 F508C 2108delA Y1092X (C > A) D1152H V520I 3667del4 394delTT 3876delA M1101K 1677delTA W1098X (TGA) 1812-1G > A 4016insT 1609delCA 3171delC response to forskolin stimulation (49.3 &#b1; 11.5 bc;A/cm2 in CFTR (+/+) vs. 40.5 &#b1; 5.3 bc;A/cm2 in CFTR (+/-), although this was not statistically significant (Figure 1A,B). Login to comment

PMID: 24586523 [PubMed] Zietkiewicz E et al: "CFTR mutations spectrum and the efficiency of molecular diagnostics in Polish cystic fibrosis patients."

No. Sentence Comment

71 Exon / intron (legacy) Exon / intron (Ensembl) Protein change SVM value cDNA (HGVS nomenclature) gDNA (cDNA +132 bp) Number of PL CF chromosomes Reference a Mutations in trans Pathogenic mutations 1 1 L15Ffs10X c.43delC 175delC 1 CFMDB 1717-1G.A 2 2 G27V 21.92 c.80G.T 212G.T 1 Novel F508del 2 2 S18RfsX16 c.54-5940_273 +10250del21kb exon2,3del21kb 66 IL19 various CF mutations i2 i2 IVS2_Donor c.164+1G.A 296+1G.A 3 CFMDB various CF mutations 3 3 G85E 22.61 c.254G.A 386G.A 1 IL17 unknown 3 3 E60X c.178G.T 310G.T 0 IL17 x 3 3 L88IfsX22 c.262_263delTT 394delTT 0 IL17 x 4 4 E92K 21.92 c.274G.A 406G.A 2 CFMDB c.164+1G.A; c.2051- 2AA.G 4 4 L101X c.302T.G 434T.G 1 CFMDB c.3717+12191C.T 4 4 K114IfsX5 c.341_353del13bp 473del13bp 1 Novel F508del 4 4 R117H 20.35 c.350G.A 482G.A 5 IL17 F508del; 2x unknown 4 4 R117C 22.07 c.349C.T 481C.T 2 CFMDB S1206X;1x unknown 4 4 L137_L138insT c.412_413insACT L138ins 1 CFMDB F508del 4 4 R153I 22.61 c.458G.T 590G.T 2 Novel F508del; c.3527delC i4 i4 IVS4_Donor c.489+1G.T 621+1G.T 5 IL17 F508del; c.489+1G.T 5 5 L165X c.494T.A 626T.A 1 Novel F508del i5 i5 IVS5_Donor c.579+1G.T 711+1G.T 0 IL19 x i5 i5 IVS5_Donor c.579+3A.G 711+3A.G 2 CFMDB 2,3del21kb; c.2052-3insA i5 i5 IVS5_Donor c.579+5G.A 711+5G.A 0 IL17 x 7 8 F311L 20.90 c.933C.G 965C.G 2 CFMDB 2x F508 7 8 G314R 20.58 c.940G.A 1072G.A 4 CFMDB various CF mutations 7 8 F316LfsX12 c.948delT 1078delT 1 IL17 unkown 7 8 R334W 22.41 c.1000C.T 1132C.T 6 IL17 various CF mutations 7 8 I336K 22.07 c.1007T.A 1139T.A 2 CFMDB 2,3de21kb; F508del 7 8 R347P 22.27 c.1040G.C 1172G.C 11 IL17 various CF mutations i7 i8 IVS8_Donor c.1116+2T.A 1248+2T.A 1 Novel Q1412X 9 10 A455E 22.61 c.1364C.A 1496C.A 0 IL17 x i9 i10 IVS10_Donor c.1392+1G.A 1524+1G.A 1 CFMDB c.3816-7delGT 10 11 S466X c.1397C.G 1529C.G 1 CFMDB G542X 10 11 I507del c.1519_1521delATC 1651delATC 2 IL19 F508del 10 11 F508del c.1521_1523delCTT 1654delCTT 805 IL19 various CF mutations i10 i11 IVS11_Acceptor c.1585-1G.A 1717-1G.A 27 IL19 various CF mutations 11 12 G542X c.1624G.T 1756G.T 25 IL19 various CF mutations 11 12 G551D 21.24 c.1624G.T 1756G.T 5 IL19 various CF mutations 11 12 Q552X c.1654C.T 1786C.T 0 IL19 x 11 12 R553X c.1657C.T 1789C.T 14 IL19 various CF mutations 11 12 R560T 21.92 c.1679G.C 1811G.C 0 IL19 x i12 i13 IVS13_Donor c.1766+1G.A 1898+1G.A 6 IL19 various CF mutations i12 i13 IVS13_Donor c.1766+1G.C 1898+1G.C 1 CFMDB F508del 13 14 H620P 21.73 c.1859A.C 1991A.C 1 CFMDB F508del 13 14 R668C//G576A 21.61//1.73 c.2002C.T//c.1727G.C 2134C.T// 1859G.C 5 b CFMDB// rs1800098 c.1585-1G.A; 4 unknown 13 14 L671X c.2012delT 2143delT 27 IL17 various CF mutations 13 14 K684SfsX38 c.2051_2052delAAinsG 2183AA.G 10 IL17 various CF mutations 13 14 K684NfsX38 c.2052delA 2184delA 0 IL17 x 13 14 Q685TfsX4 c.2052_2053insA 2184insA 15 CFMDB various CF mutationsc , 1 unknown Table 2. Cont. Exon / intron (legacy) Exon / intron (Ensembl) Protein change SVM value cDNA (HGVS nomenclature) gDNA (cDNA +132 bp) Number of PL CF chromosomes Reference a Mutations in trans 13 14 L732X c.2195T.G 2327T.G 1 CFMDB F508del 14A 15 R851X c.2551C.T 2683C.T 3 CFMDB various CF mutations 14A 15 I864SfsX28 c.2589_2599del11bp 2721del11bp 2 CFMDB F508del; 2,3del21kb i14B i16 IVS16_Donor c.2657+2_2657+3insA 2789+2insA 1 CFMDB F508del i14B i16 IVS16_Donor c.2657+5G.A 2789+5G.A 0 IL17 unkown 15 17 Y919C 21.02 c.2756A.G 2888A.G 1 CFMDB unknown 15 17 H939HfsX27 c.2817_2820delTACTC 2949delTACTC 1 Novel unkown i15 i17 IVS17_Donor c.2908+3A.C 3040+3A.C 1 Novel F508del i16 i18 IVS18_Donor c.2988+1G.A 3120+1G.A 0 IL19 x 17A 19 I1023_V1024del c.3067_3072delATAGTG 3199del6 0 IL19 x i17A i19 IVS19 c.3140-26A.G 3272-26A.G 9 IL19 various CF mutations 17B 20 L1065R 21.90 c.3194T.G 3326T.G 1 CFMDB F508del 17B 20 Y1092X c.3276C.A 3408C.A 1 CFMDB R334W i18 i21 IVS21_Donor c.3468+2_3468+3insT 3600+2insT 11 CFMDB various CF mutationsd , 1 unknown 18 21 E1126EfsX7 c.3376_3379delGAAG 3508delGAAG 1 Novel F508del 19 22 R1158X c.3472C.T 3604C.T 2 CFMDB F508del; R553X 19 22 R1162X c.3484C.T 3616C.T 1 IL17 F508del 19 22 L1177SfsX15 c.3528delC 3659delC 4 IL17 various CF mutations 19 22 S1206X c.3617C.A 3749C.A 1 CFMDB R117C i19 i22 IVS22 c.3717+12191C.T 3849+10kbC.T 58 IL17 various CF mutations 20 23 G1244R 22.62 c.3730G.C 3862G.C 1 CFMDB F508del 20 23 S1251N 22.28 c.3752G.A 3884G.A 0 IL19 x 20 23 L1258FfsX7 c.3773_3774insT 3905insT 0 IL19 x 20 23 V1272VfsX28 c.3816_3817delGT 3944delGT 1 CFMDB c.1392+1G.A 20 23 W1282X c.3846G.A 3978G.A 9 IL19 various CF mutations 21 24 N1303K 22.62 c.3909C.G 4041C.G 18 IL19 various CF mutations 22 25 V1327X c.3979delG 4111delG 1 Novel F508del 22 25 S1347PfsX13 c.4035_4038dupCCTA c.4167dupCCTA 1 CFMDB 2,3del21kb 23 26 Q1382X c.4144C.T 4276C.T 1 CFMDB F508del 23 26 Q1412X c.4234C.T 4366C.T 2 CFMDB F508del; c.1116+2T.A i23 i26 IVS26_Donor c.4242+1G.T 4374+1G.T 1 CFMDB F508del Sequence changes of uncertain pathogenic effect, tentatively counted as mutations 6A 6 E217G 0.30 c.650A.G 782A.G 1 CFMDB; rs1219109046 unknown 7 8 R352Q 20.01 c.1055G.A 1187G.A 1 CFMDB; rs121908753 F508del 7 8 Q359R 0.33 c.1076A.G 1208A.G 1 CFMDB F508del i8 i9 IVS9 c.1210-12T5_1210- 34_35 (TG)12 1332-12Tn_- 34TGm 6 CFMDB F508del; 3x unknown i8 i9 IVS9 c.1210-12T5_1210- 34_35 (TG)13 1332-12Tn_- 34TGm 2 CFMDB 2143delT; 1x unknown i8 i9 IVS9 c.1210-12T8 1332-12Tn 1 Novel unknown 10 11 I506V 20.21 c.1516A.G 1648A.G 1 CFMDB; rs1800091 unknown 12 13 V562L 0.79 c.1684G.C 1816G.C 1 CFMDB; rs1800097 unknown 13 14 G723V 0.44 c.2168G.T 2300G.T 1 CFMDB; rs200531709 unknown 15 17 D924N 0.03 c.2770G.A 2902G.A 1 CFMDB; rs201759207 unknown patient with F508del on another allele) was not supported by the SVM value (+0.35); the patient was PS and had ambiguous chloride values (45, 64 and 83 mmol/L). 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101 The more recent estimates provide much lower values, ranging from 1:5000 [14], 1:6000 cited in WHO 2002 report [15] to 1:7500 for Southeastern Poland estimated for a 1-year period of Table 2. Cont. Exon / intron (legacy) Exon / intron (Ensembl) Protein change SVM value cDNA (HGVS nomenclature) gDNA (cDNA +132 bp) Number of PL CF chromosomes Reference a Mutations in trans 15 17 L967S 0.27 c.2900T.C 3032T.C 1 CFMDB; rs1800110 unknown 18 21 D1152H 0.50 c.3454G.C 3586G.C 1 CFMDB; rs75541969 F508del Sequence changes considered as lacking pathogenic effect 4 4 I148T 2.04 c.443T.U 575T.U 4 IL19e unknown 13 14 I752V 0.35 c.2254A.G 2386A.G 1 Novelf F508 15 17 S912L 2.12 c.2735C.T 2867C.T 1 CFMDBg ; rs121909034 F508 Legend: a IL19 i 17 - mutations included in the INNOLiPA tests (see below); CFMDB - non-INNOLiPA mutations present in the CTFR mutation database; novel - mutations first reported in this study; b in three chromosomes R668C with G576A in trans; c F508del, c.1585-1G.A, G542X, N1303K or c.579+3A.G; d F508del, G542X, R553X or N1303K; e not pathogenic if not in cis with c.3067-72del6 (l.n.3199del6); f not pathogenic - see explanation the text; g not pathogenic if not in cis with G1244V. Login to comment
102 a Mutations detected by two INNOLiPA_CFTR tests (legacy names): IL19 (INNOLiPA_CFTR19): F508del; G542X; N1303K; W1282X; G551D; 1717-1G.A; R553X; CFTRdele2,3(21kb); I507del; 711+1G.T; 3272-26A.G; 3905insT; R560T; 1898+1G.A; S1251N; I148T; 3199del6; 3120+1G.A; Q552X. Login to comment
137 Mutations a Poland Czechs Slovakia c Germany Lithuania W. Ukraine E. Hungary Romania c Bulgaria Serbia Greece Number of chromosomes 1476 1200 856 700 98 264 80 256 208 352 874 F508del 54.54 b 67.42 d 66.80 d 72.00 d 52.0 54.17 70.00 56.3 65.38 d 72.28 d 53.40 exon2,3del21kb (l.n.CFTRdele2,3_21kb) 4.47 5.75 2.26 1.2 f 2.0 4.17 5.00 1.6 NA 0 e 0.34 e c.3717+12191C.T (l.n.3849+10kbC.T) 3.93 1.67 e 4.28 1.00 e NA 0.76 0 0.4 e 1.44 0 e 0.11 e c.2012delT (l.n.2143delT) 1.83 0.92 1.10 0.71 0 1.14 0 0 e 0 0 e 0 e c.1585-1G.A (l.n.1717-1G.A) 1.83 0.33 e NA 0.86 0 0.38 1.25 0.4 0 0 e 0 e G542X 1.69 2.00 4.06 d 1.43 0 2.65 3.75 3.9 3.37 2.57 3.90 d R347P 1.57 0.92 1.10 1.57 0 0 1.25 NA 1.44 0 e 0.11 e N1303K 1.22 2.42 2.03 2.29 2.0 4.92 d 5.00 0.8 6.73 d 0 2.63 c.2052-2053insA (l.n.2184insA) 1.02 0.42 1.58 0.57 0 7.20 d 5.00 d 0 0.48 0.28 0 e R553X 0.95 0.50 0.90 2.29 4.2 d 0.38 0 NA 0 0 0 c.3468+223insT (l.n.3600+2insT) 0.75 0.25 NA 0 e 0 NA 0 NA 0 0 0 e c.2051-2052AA.G (l.n.2183AA.G) 0.68 0.08 NA 0.57 0 0.38 0 0.8 0 0 1.38 W1282X 0.61 0.58 0.50 0.71 1.0 2.27 0 2.3 d 0.96 0 0.67 c.3140-26A.G (l.n.3272-26A.G) 0.61 0.67 0.50 0.86 0 0.76 0 0.4 0 0 0.81 l.n.IVS8 T 5 _TG 12-13 0.54 NA NA NA 0 NA NA NA NA 0 NA R334W 0.41 0.25 NA 0.29 0 0.76 0 0.4 0 0.28 0.81 c.1766+1G.A (l.n.1898+1G.A) 0.41 1.42 d 0.50 0 0 1.14 0 NA 0 0 0.11 c.489+1G.T (l.n.621+1G.T) 0.34 0.42 NA 0.14 0 0.76 0 0.8 0 2.86 d 5.72 d R117H 0.34 NA NA 0.29 0 0 0 0.4 0 0 0.23 G551D 0.34 2.91 d 0.50 1.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.34 G314R 0.37 0 NA 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 R668C 0.34 0 NA 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 c.3528delC (l.n.3659delC) 0.27 0.17 NA 0.57 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 c.164+1G.A (l.n.296+1G.A) 0.20 0.08 NA 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 R851X 0.20 0.08 NA 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 I336K 0.14 0.58 NA 0.45 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 R1158X 0.14 0.08 NA 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 1.03 E92K 0.14 0.08 NA 0 0 0.38 0 NA 0 0 0 R153I 0.14 0 NA 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 c.579+3A.G (l.n.711+3A.G) 0.14 0.17 NA 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0.69 c.2589-2599del11bp (l.n.2721- 31del11bp) 0.14 0.08 NA 0 0 0.38 0 NA 0 0 0 I507del 0.14 0.08 NA 0.15 0 0 0 0 0 0.28 0.69 R117C 0.14 0.08 NA 0.15 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0.23 of mutation panels [20]), listed in Table 4, were compared to those reported for several Central and Southeastern European countries [21-29]. Login to comment

PMID: 24593045 [PubMed] Marson FA et al: "Polymorphisms in the glutathione pathway modulate cystic fibrosis severity: a cross-sectional study."

No. Sentence Comment

47 CFTR mutation identification CFTR mutation identification was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for F508del and the fragment-length polymorphism method for G542X, R1162X, R553X, G551D, and N1303K mutations. Login to comment
121 An analysis of genotypic combinations for GSTM1 and GSTP1 polymorphic loci showed that changes in GSTP1 activities Table 3 Genotyping of GCLC, GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms and CFTR mutations Gene Chromosomal position Location Polymorphism MAF HWE p-valuea GCLC, rs17883901 6p12 Promoter region C > T 0.12 9.97 <0.005 GCLC, rs137852340 6p12 Promoter region A > G 0.19 0.04 >0.05 GSTP1, rs1695 11q13 Exon A > G 0.25 1.11 >0.05 GSTM1 1p13.3 Deletion GSTT1 22q11.23 Deletion CFTR mutation N Frequency F508del/F508del 57 31.67% F508del/G542X 12 6.67% F508del/R1162X 5 2.78% F508del/N1303K 4 2.22% F508del/R553X 1 0.56% F508del/S4X 1 0.56% F508del/1717-1G > A 1 0.56% G542X/R1162X 1 0.56% G542X/I618T 1 0.56% G542X/2183A > G 1 0.56% R1162X/R1162X 1 0.56% F508del/- 45 25.00% G542X/- 5 2.78% R1162X/- 1 0.56% -/- 44 24.45% MAF, Minor allele frequency; HWE, Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium; a P-value for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium; N, Number of patients; -, No identified CFTR mutation. Login to comment

PMID: 24631642 [PubMed] Fanen P et al: "Genetics of cystic fibrosis: CFTR mutation classifications toward genotype-based CF therapies."

No. Sentence Comment

74 23 ACMG recommended panel of classic CF-causing mutations G85E R117H R334W R347P A455E I507del F508del G542X G551D R553X R560T R1162X W1282X N1303K 621 + 1G > T 711 + 1G > T 1717 - 1G > A 1898 + 1G > A 2184delA 2789 + 5G > A 3120 + 1G > A 3659delC 3849 + 10kbC > T Additional or alternative mutations present at significant frequencies in an ethnic population served by a newborn screening program may be assessed. Login to comment

PMID: 24959313 [PubMed] Coutinho CA et al: "TNF-alpha polymorphisms as a potential modifier gene in the cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

45 Population characterization for the TNF-b1; and CFTR genotypes, Shwachman-Kulczycki and Kanga scores, transcutaneous oxygen saturation of hemoglobin and forced expiratory volume in the first second (%) (FEV1 ) of forced vital capacity Patient TNF-b1; genotype CFTR genotype Shwachman-Kulczycki Kanga Oxygen saturation FEV1 % -238G>A -308G>A MVG G/G G/A F508del/F508del Moderate Normal Normal Normal JPD G/G G/A F508del/F508del **** Normal Normal Mild RSR G/A A/A F508del/F508del Excellent Normal Mild Normal EVM G/G A/A F508del/R1162X Excellent Normal Mild Severe IFM G/G A/A F508del/F508del **** **** **** **** MLA G/G A/A F508del/F508del **** Exacerbate Normal Moderate VLPC G/G A/A F508del/F508del Moderate Normal Normal Normal MAB G/G A/A F508del/F508del Severe Exacerbate Mild Severe EVSMS G/G A/A F508del/F508del **** Normal Normal Mild YBK G/G A/A F508del/F508del Moderate Normal Normal Normal HB G/A A/A F508del/G542X **** Normal Severe Severe WSP G/G A/A F508del/G542X Moderate Normal Mild Severe DRG G/G A/A F508del/F508del **** **** **** **** BBK G/G G/A F508del/N1303K **** **** **** **** AO G/G A/A F508del/F508del **** Exacerbate Mild Mild LSM G/A A/A F508del/F508del Excellent Normal Normal Moderate VAL G/G A/A F508del/F508del Good Normal Mild Mild LFSA G/G A/A F508del/F508del **** Normal Mild Mild IBN G/G A/A F508del/R553X Excellent Normal Normal Normal CAQ G/G G/G F508del/G542X **** Normal Normal Mild MEMZ G/A A/A F508del/F508del **** Normal Normal Normal TMG G/G G/G F508del/F508del Moderate Normal Normal Normal JMGR G/G G/A F508del/N1303K **** Normal Normal **** MAP G/A G/G F508del/F508del **** **** **** **** AX G/G A/A F508del/F508del Good Normal Normal Normal LPOL G/G G/A F508del/N1303K Good Normal Normal **** EG G/G A/A F508del/R1162X Good Normal Normal Normal NCB G/G G/A F508del/R553X **** Normal Mild Severe FVV G/G A/A F508del/G542X Excellent Normal Normal Normal LSS G/G A/A F508del/F508del **** Exacerbate Moderate **** RNC G/G A/A F508del/F508del **** Normal Normal **** FEL G/G A/A F508del/G542X Moderate Normal Normal Moderate GOV G/G G/A F508del/F508del **** Normal Normal **** CVAR G/G A/A F508del/G542X **** Normal Normal **** EAG G/G A/A F508del/F508del **** Normal Mild **** AVM G/G G/G DF508/G542X Excellent Normal Normal Normal BSG G/G A/A G542X/R1162X Good Exacerbate Mild Mild GPNS G/A A/A F508del/F508del **** Normal Normal **** CAL G/G A/A DF508/G542X Good Normal Normal Normal MOS G/G G/G F508del/F508del Moderate Normal Normal **** FSC G/G A/A F508del/F508del Good Normal Normal Normal ITVS G/G G/A F508del/F508del **** Normal Normal Normal JRL G/G G/G F508del/F508del Mild Normal Normal **** GPT G/A A/A F508del/F508del Excellent Normal Normal Normal some patients were decolonized until the beginning of the study period, being not included in the statistical analysis. Login to comment
69 The F508del allele had the highest prevalence (79.59%), followed by G542X (9.18%), R1162X (6.12%), N1303K (3.06%) and R553X (2.04%). Login to comment

PMID: 25010724 [PubMed] Sharma H et al: "Increased frequency of CFTR gene mutations identified in Indian infertile men with non-CBAVD obstructive azoospermia and spermatogenic failure."

No. Sentence Comment

52 CFTR gene analysis, for the presence F508del, R117H, N1303K and R553X mutations was performed by single ARMS PCR as described by Ferrie et al. (1992). Login to comment

PMID: 25033378 [PubMed] LaRusch J et al: "Mechanisms of CFTR functional variants that impair regulated bicarbonate permeation and increase risk for pancreatitis but not for cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

269 67 SNPs (125GtoC, 1716G.A, 1717-1G.A, 1898+1G.A, 2183AA.G, 2184delA, 2789+5G.A, 3120+1G.A, 3659delC, 3849+10kbC.T, 621+ 1G.T, 711+5G.A, A455E, D110H, D1152H, D1270N, D443Y, D579G, F1052V, F1074L, F508C, F508del, G1069R, G1244E, G1349D, G178R, G542X, G551D, G551S, I1131L/V, I148T, I336K/T, I507del, I807M, IVS8T5, K1180T, L1065P, L967S, L997F, M1V, M470V, M952I, M952T, N1303K, P67L, Q1463Q, R1070Q, R1162X, R117C, R117H, R170H, R258G, R297Q, R31C, R352Q, R553X, R668C, R74W, R75Q, S1235R, S1255P, S485R, S977F, T338I, T854T, V201M, W1282X) were multiplexed into 6 wells; 14 SNPs (S492F, S945L, R74Q, R560T, R1162L, G85E, I1027T, R334W, R347P, G576A, 711+1G.T, 1001+11C.T, P1290P, 3199del6) were ascertained separately via TaqMan Gene Expression Assays, with repeat confirmation of all positive results. Login to comment

PMID: 25077647 [PubMed] Lyon E et al: "Molecular genetic testing for cystic fibrosis: laboratory performance on the College of American Pathologists external proficiency surveys."

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87 These included 621+1, F508del, A455A, 1717-1, R117H, I507del, 3659delC, G85E, G542X, G551D, R553X, R347P, W1282X, N1303K, and R560T. Login to comment
111 Given the previously discussed issues with the potential problems with missing data and the known problems with some methods for distinguishing the Table 1ߒ Results from external proficiency testing for CFTR mutations: common types of genotyping errors Sample switch ߓ Two genotypes and associated clinical interpretations are correct, but results are reversed from the original challenge ߓ ߓ Samples actually reversed before testing ߓ ߓ Testing correct but genotypes reversed during reporting False-positive genotypes ߓ Genotype reported as homozygous instead of heterozygous ߓ ߓ Data entry error ߓ ߓ Methodology cannot distinguish zygosity and reported incorrectly ߓ Wrong mutation (examples) ߓ ߓ R347H reported when R347P was challenged ߓ ߓ R553X homozygosity reported instead of compound heterozygosity ߓ ߓ I507del reported for a F508del challenge ߓ ߓ I507del/F508del for I507del False-negative genotype ߓ Reported a homozygous genotype as heterozygous Table 2ߒ Results from external proficiency testing for CFTR mutations: analytic sensitivity and specificity for US and international clinical laboratories Time period (survey) Total alleles True positive False negative Analytical sensitivity (95% CI) True negative False positive Analytical specificity (95% CI) 2003-2013 (All) 10,952 3,941 49 98.8 (98.4-99.1) 6,932 30 99.6 (99.4-99.7) 2008-2013 (All) 5,521 2,525 19 99.3 (98.8-99.5) 2,965 12 99.6 (99.3-99.8) 2008-2013 (MGL2) 2,444 737 8 98.9 (97.8-99.5) 1,696 3 99.8 (99.4-99.9) 2008-2013 (MGL5) 3,077 1,788 11 99.4 (98.9-99.7) 1,269 9 99.3 (98.6-99.7) 2008-2013 (international) 770 288 12 96.0 (92.9-97.8) 470 0 100 (99.9-100) CI, confidence interval. Login to comment

PMID: 25122143 [PubMed] Audrezet MP et al: "Comprehensive CFTR gene analysis of the French cystic fibrosis screened newborn cohort: implications for diagnosis, genetic counseling, and mutation-specific therapy."

No. Sentence Comment

53 Because only a limited number of functional studies have assessed the pathogenicity of variants, mutations have been classified in previous studies according to their disease-causing potential.16,22,23 Based on the recommendations and data from these studies (UMD-CFTR-France),24 variants were classified into four groups: A, CF-causing; B, associated with CFTR-RDs; C, no clinical consequences; and D, unknown or Table 1ߒ Allelic frequencies of CF30-kit mutations, identified in neonates with CF, and correspondence between traditional mutation nomenclature and that on the Human Genome Variation Society website Frequency (F) % Mutation Legacy mutation nomenclature Number of alleles/2,320 % of alleles/2,320 Cumulative % ࣙ5 p.Phe508del F508del 1,560 67.24 67.24 p.Gly542* G542X 113 3.19 10.51 p.Asn1303Lys N1303K 81 1.98 c.1585-1G>A 1717-1G>A 48 1.47 1.00ࣙFࣙ4.99 c.2657ߙ+ߙ5G>A 2789ߙ+ߙ5G>A 37 1.42 p.Arg553* R553X 36 1.29 p.Gly551Asp G551D 31 1.16 p.Tyr122* Y122X 26 0.97 6.86 c.2988ߙ+ߙ1G>A 3120ߙ+ߙ1G>A 22 0.82 c.579ߙ+ߙ1G>T 711ߙ+ߙ1G>T 18 0.67 p.Ile507del I507del 17 0.63 c.3140-26A>G 3272-26A>G 16 0.59 0.40ࣙFࣙ0.99 p.Arg347Pro R347P 15 0.56 p.Arg1162* R1162X 15 0.56 p.Trp1282* W1282X 14 0.52 p.Tyr1092* Y1092X 13 0.48 c.2051_2052delinsG 2183AA>G 12 0.45 c.3528delC 3659delC 11 0.41 c.1680-886A>G 1811ߙ+ߙ1.6kbA>G 9 0.39 p.Gly85Glu G85E 8 0.34 3.06 p.Ser1251Asn S1251N 7 0.30 p.Arg334Trp R334W 7 0.30 p.Arg117His R117H 7 0.30 0.1ࣙFࣙ0.39 p.Trp846* W846X 6 0.26 c.489ߙ+ߙ1G>T 621ߙ+ߙ1G>T 6 0.26 c.948delT 1078delT 5 0.22 p.Ala455Glu A455E 5 0.22 p.Glu60* E60X 4 0.17 c.262_263delTT 394delTT 4 0.17 c.3718-2477C>T 3849ߙ+ߙ10kbC>T 3 0.13 Total 2,034 87.67 87.67 Mutations are clustered into four groups of frequency intervals (>5%, 1-4.99%, 0.99-0.4%, and <0.4%). Login to comment

PMID: 25304080 [PubMed] Dell'Edera D et al: "Analysis of cystic fibrosis gene mutations in children with cystic fibrosis and in 964 infertile couples within the region of Basilicata, Italy: a research study."

No. Sentence Comment

47 The molecular analysis of the CFTR gene revealed that the two Table 1 Number of subjects tested who were carriers of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene Mutation Men Women Total G551D 1 2 3 R553X 0 1 1 F508del 35 32 67 N1303K 7 8 15 I148T 4 9 13 G542X 3 6 9 DI507 2 0 2 L1077P 0 2 2 D1152H 1 6 7 W1282X 2 0 2 2183 AA>G 3 0 3 1259insA 0 1 1 4016insT 1 0 1 I507del 1 0 1 2789+5G>A 1 0 1 4382delA 0 2 2 G1244E 1 0 1 621+3A>G 1 0 1 Total 63 69 132 Figure 1 76 patients with cystic fibrosis and positive sweat test, all have two genes mutated. Login to comment
59 As mentioned before, molecular screening Table 2 Comparison between the results obtained in this study and those obtained in a previous study Castaldo et al. [14] Mutations observed in the present study F508del 55.8% (29) 48.62% (141) N1303K 3.8% (2) 9.31% (27) G542X 3.8% (2) 8.96% (26) W1282X 3.8% (2) 1.03% (3) 2183AA>G 5.8% (3) 2.76% (8) R1162X 0 0 1717-1G>A 1.9% (1) 0 T338I 0 0 R347P 0 0.69% (2) 711+5G>A 0 0 852del22 5.8% (3) 1.03% (3) 4382delA 0 0.69% (2) 1259insA 0 0.34% (1) 4016insT 0 0.34% (1) R553X 0 0.34% (1) R1158X 0 0 L1077P 0 1.03% (3) I502T 0 0 3849+10kbC>T 1.9% (1) 0.34% (1) D579G 0 0.69% (2) G1244E 3.8% (2) 0 G1349D 0 0.34% (1) 2789+5G>A 0 1.03% (3) 711+1G>T 0 0 L1065P 0 0 2522insC 0 0 E585X 0 0 G85E 0 0 G178R 0 0 D1152H 0 3.10% (9) I148T-3195del6 0 0 I148T (alone) 0 4.48% (13) R334W 0 0 DI507 0 0.69% (2) I1005R 0 0 3272-26A>G 0 0 2711delT 0 0 L558S 1.9% (1) 0.34% (1) W1063X 0 0 D110H 0 0 S549R (A>C) 1.9% (1) 0.69% (2) 2184insA 0 0 3131del22 0 0 Table 2 Comparison between the results obtained in this study and those obtained in a previous study (Continued) R709N 0 0 A349V 0 0 4015insA 0 0 Y849X 1.9% (1) 0.34% (1) G551D 0 1.03% (3) 621+3A>G 0 0.34% (1) E831X 0 0 I507del 0 0.69% (2) IVS8 TG12/t5 0 1.03% (3) H139R (A->G) 0 0.34% (1) 1248+1G>A 0 0.34% (1) R74W;V201M;D1270N 0 0.69% (2) S1455X 0 0.34% (1) dele 2,3 (21kb) 0 0.34% (1) 991del5 0 0.34% (1) UNKNOWN 7 %(4) 4.83% (14) F508C 0 0.69% (2) TOTAL 52 290 of CF is highly recommended in the USA by the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement on genetic testing for cystic fibrosis [17]. Login to comment
79 The test has a sensitivity and a specificity of more than Table 3 List of 60 mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene (specificity 100%) F508del I507del F508C 621+1G>T D110H E585X G1349D I502T 1706del17 1677delTA R117H H139R 1898+1G>A 4015delA G542X 1717-1G>A Q552X 852del22 G178R 1898+3A>G G551D S549R(A>C) 2183AA>G T338I 991del5 1898+5G>T N1303K 4016insT 3849+10kb C>T R347P R334W 2184insA G85E 711+5G>A 711+1G>T 1259insA R347H 2522insC 2789+5G>A W1282X G1244E R1066H R352Q 3120+1G>A I148T 3199del6 S912X R1158X 1717-8G>A R1066C R1162X 4382delA D1152H L1077P D579G 3272-26A>G L1065P R553X PoliT: 5T, 7T, 9T 1874insT 3659delC 99%. Login to comment

PMID: 25386751 [PubMed] Noveski P et al: "SNaPshot assay for the detection of the most common CFTR mutations in infertile men."

No. Sentence Comment

2 Here, we describe single base extension (SNaPshot) assay for detection of 11 common CFTR mutations: F508del, G542X, N1303K, 621+1G-.T, G551D, R553X, R1162X, W1282X, R117H, 2184insA and 1717-1G-.A and IVS8polyT variants. Login to comment
38 A), R553X (c.1657C.T), R1162X (c.3484C.T), W1282X (c.3846G.A), R117H (c.350G.A), 2184insA (c.2052_2053insA) and 1717-1G.A (c.1585-1G.A). Login to comment
69 Mutation analyzeda Name Sequence 59-.39 Exon/intron amplified (bp)b Length of PCR fragment amplified in bp 621+1G-.T, R117H CFTR ex4/F TCTTGTGTTGAAATTCTCAGGGTA exon4 (216) 374 CFTR ex4/R CCAGCTCACTACCTAATTTATGACA delF508 CFTR ex10/F TGAATCCTGAGCGTGATTTG exon10 (192) 302 CFTR ex10/R TGGGTAGTGTGAAGGGTTCAT G542X, G551D, R553X CFTR ex11/F GCCTTTCAAATTCAGATTGAGC exon11 (95) 288 CFTR ex11/R CTAGCCATAAAACCCCAGGA 2184insA CFTR ex13/F TGCAATAAAACATTAACAAAATGC exon13 (724) 480 CFTR ex13/R GGGAGTCTTTTGCACAATGG R1162X CFTR ex19/F TGTGAAATTGTCTGCCATTCTT exon19 (249) 369 CFTR ex19/R TGCTTCAGGCTACTGGGATT W1282X CFTR ex20/F CTGAATTATGTTTATGGCATGG exon20 (156) 249 CFTR ex20/R TTTTTCTGGCTAAGTCCTTTTG N1303K CFTR ex21/F TGATGGTAAGTACATGGGTGTTTC exon21 (90) 257 CFTR ex21/R CCCCTTTCA AAATCATTTCAG IVS8-5T/7T/9T CFTR intron 8/F GGCCATGTGCTTTTCAAACT intron8 (194) 194 CFTR intron 8/R AAGAAGAGGCTGTCATCACCA a Legacy name. Login to comment
73 CFTR mutation cDNA name according to HGVS (ref. seq. NM_000492.3) Sequence (59-.39) Orientation SNaPshot Result (normal/mutant allele) Size of extended fragment in base pairs (normal allele/mutant allele)a Concentration in mix (mM)b G542X c.1624G.T CAGTGTGATTCCACCTTCTC Reverse C/A (24.9/25.9) 3 N1303K c.3909C.G CCCACTGTTCATAGGGATCCAA Reverse G/C (26.3/26.9) 5 F508del c.1521_1523delCTT CCCCTGGCACCATTAAAG- AAAATATCAT Forward C/T (29.6/31.0) 1 R117H c.350G.A 15(C)GGATAACAAGGAGGAAC Forward G/A (33.6/35.3) 7 IVS8-5T/7T/9T c.1210-12T[5_9] TGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTTTTT Forward A/T 5T - 32.3 7T,9T - 33.4 1 621+1G-.T c.489+1G.T CCCTAGCTATGTTTAGTTTG- ATTTATAAGAAG Forward G/T (37.2/38.2) 5 IVS8-7T/9T c.1210-12T[7_9] 14(C)GTGTGTGTGTGTGT- GTGTTTTTTT Forward A/T 7T - 44.0 9T - 44.9 2 2184insA c.2052_2053insA 13(C)GTCTCCTGGACAGAAAC- AAAAAAA Forward C/A (38.7/39.7) 8 1717-1 G-.A c.1585-1G.A 9(C)GACTCTCTAATTTTC- TATTTTTGGTAATA Forward G/A (41.3/41.7) 2 G551D c.1652G.A 21(C)TGGAATCACACTGAG- TGGAG Forward G/A (43.4/43.9) 4 R553X c.1657C.T 24(C)AATCACACTGAGT- GGAGGTCAA Forward C/T (46.2/47.2) 2 W1282X c.3846G.A 28(C)GGATTCAATA- ACTTTGCAACAGTG Forward G/A (51.6/52.6) 1 R1162X c.3484C.T 29(C)ATTTCAGATG- CGATCTGTGAGC Forward C/T (51.0/52.0) 4 a Data generated on ABI PRISM 3130 Genetic Analyzer with POP-4 polymer, 36-cm capillary array and sized against GeneScan-120 LIZ size standard. Login to comment
105 [3484C.T];[ = ] 1 100% R553X/R553X c. Login to comment

PMID: 25592785 [PubMed] Marson FA et al: "Demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters of cystic fibrosis during the last two decades: a comparative analysis."

No. Sentence Comment

27 Demographic, clinical, and laboratory markers The demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables analyzed in this study were sex (male/female), ethnicity (Caucasian or non-Caucasian), age, age range, number of deaths, clinical manifestations (respiratory and digestive), age at diagnosis, comorbidities [pancreatic insufficiency (PI), meconium ileus (MI), and diabetes mellitus (DM)], nutritional status as determined by weight and height on a growth curve (weight and height below the 10th percentile), oxygen saturation (SpO2) (>95%, 91%-95%, or <91%), sweat chloride level, microorganisms in the sputum (Staphylococcus aureus, mucoid and nonmucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Burkholderia cepacia), spirometry findings (normal, restrictive lung disease, obstructive lung disease, or mixed respiratory disorder) [14], genetic screening for the CFTR mutations [F508del (rs113993960, c.1521_ 1523delCTT), G542X (rs113993959, c.1624G > T), N1303K (rs80034486, c.3909C > G), G551D, R553X (rs74597325, c.1657C > T), and W1282X (rs77010898, c.3846G > A)], Shwachman-Kulczycki score (SKS) (excellent or good, mild, or moderate or severe) [15], and fecal fat. Login to comment
89 A Table 1 Comparison of data (demographic, clinical, and laboratory markers) of patients with cystic fibrosis from a Brazilian referral center during the decades of 1990 to 2000 and 2000 to 2010 (Continued) R553X 0.52% 0.3% W1282X 0.52% - Shwachman-Kulczycki score Excellent or good 57.8% 36.2% 0.005 Mild 26.5% 36.2% Moderate or severe 15.7% 27.6% Deaths 18 31 1 Fecal balance 67.9% 80.0% 0.031 DI - period from 1990 to 2000; DII - period from 2000 to 2010; SpO2 - transcutaneous hemoglobin saturation by oxygen; p - p-value. Login to comment

PMID: 25674778 [PubMed] Baker MW et al: "Improving newborn screening for cystic fibrosis using next-generation sequencing technology: a technical feasibility study."

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15 Correspondence: Mei W. Baker (mwbaker@wisc.edu) Improving newborn screening for cystic fibrosis using next-generation sequencing technology: a technical feasibility study Mei W. Baker, MD1,2 , Anne E. Atkins, MPH2 , Suzanne K. Cordovado, PhD3 , Miyono Hendrix, MS3 , Marie C. Earley, PhD3 and Philip M. Farrell, MD, PhD1,4 Table 1ߒ CF-causing or varying consequences mutations in the MiSeqDx IUO Cystic Fibrosis System c.1521_1523delCTT (F508del) c.2875delG (3007delG) c.54-5940_273ߙ+ߙ10250del21kb (CFTRdele2,3) c.3909C>G (N1303K) c.3752G>A (S1251N) Mutations that cause CF when combined with another CF-causing mutation c.1624G>T (G542X) c.2988ߙ+ߙ1G>A (3120ߙ+ߙ1G->A) c.3964-78_4242ߙ+ߙ577del (CFTRdele22,23) c.613C>T (P205S) c.1021T>C (S341P) c.948delT (1078delT) c.2988G>A (3120G->A) c.328G>C (D110H) c.200C>T (P67L) c.1397C>A (S466X(C>A)) c.1022_1023insTC (1154insTC) c.2989-1G>A (3121-1G->A) c.3310G>T (E1104X) c.3937C>T (Q1313X) c.1397C>G (S466X(C>G)) c.1081delT (1213delT) c.3140-26A>G (3272-26A->G) c.1753G>T (E585X) c.658C>T (Q220X) c.1466C>A (S489X) c.1116ߙ+ߙ1G>A (1248ߙ+ߙ1G->A) c.3528delC (3659delC) c.178G>T (E60X) c.115C>T (Q39X) c.1475C>T (S492F) c.1127_1128insA (1259insA) c.3659delC (3791delC) c.2464G>T (E822X) c.1477C>T (Q493X) c.1646G>A (S549N) c.1209ߙ+ߙ1G>A (1341ߙ+ߙ1G->A) c.3717ߙ+ߙ12191C>T (3849ߙ+ߙ10kbC->T) c.2491G>T (E831X) c.1573C>T (Q525X) c.1645A>C (S549R) c.1329_1330insAGAT (1461ins4) c.3744delA (3876delA) c.274G>A (E92K) c.1654C>T (Q552X) c.1647T>G (S549R) c.1393-1G>A (1525-1G->A) c.3773_3774insT (3905insT) c.274G>T (E92X) c.2668C>T (Q890X) c.2834C>T (S945L) c.1418delG (1548delG) c.262_263delTT (394delTT) c.3731G>A (G1244E) c.292C>T (Q98X) c.1013C>T (T338I) c.1545_1546delTA (1677delTA) c.3873ߙ+ߙ1G>A (4005ߙ+ߙ1G->A) c.532G>A (G178R) c.3196C>T (R1066C) c.1558G>T (V520F) c.1585-1G>A (1717-1G->A) c.3884_3885insT (4016insT) c.988G>T (G330X) c.3197G>A (R1066H) c.3266G>A (W1089X) c.1585-8G>A (1717-8G->A) c.273ߙ+ߙ1G>A (405ߙ+ߙ1G->A) c.1652G>A (G551D) c.3472C>T (R1158X) c.3611G>A (W1204X) c.1679ߙ+ߙ1.6kbA>G (1811ߙ+ߙ1.6kbA->G) c.274-1G>A (406-1G->A) c.254G>A (G85E) c.3484C>T (R1162X) c.3612G>A (W1204X) c.1680-1G>A (1812-1G->A) c.4077_4080delTGTTinsAA (4209TGTT->AA) c.2908G>C (G970R) c.349C>T (R117C) c.3846G>A (W1282X) c.1766ߙ+ߙ1G>A (1898ߙ+ߙ1G->A) c.4251delA (4382delA) c.595C>T (H199Y) c.1000C>T (R334W) c.1202G>A (W401X) c.1766ߙ+ߙ3A>G (1898ߙ+ߙ 3A->G) c.325_327delTATinsG (457TAT->G) c.1007T>A (I336K) c.1040G>A (R347H) c.1203G>A (W401X) c.2012delT (2143delT) c.442delA (574delA) c.1519_1521delATC (I507del) c.1040G>C (R347P) c.2537G>A (W846X) c.2051_2052delAAinsG (2183AA->G) c.489ߙ+ߙ1G>T (621ߙ+ߙ 1G->T) c.2128A>T (K710X) c.1055G>A (R352Q) c.3276C>A (Y1092X (C>A)) c.2052delA (2184delA) c.531delT (663delT) c.3194T>C (L1065P) c.1657C>T (R553X) c.3276C>G (Y1092X (C>G)) c.2052_2053insA (2184insA) c.579ߙ+ߙ1G>T (711ߙ+ߙ 1G->T) c.3230T>C (L1077P) c.1679G>A (R560K) c.366T>A (Y122X) c.2175_2176insA (2307insA) c.579ߙ+ߙ3A>G (711ߙ+ߙ 3A->G) c.617T>G (L206W) c.1679G>C (R560T) - c.2215delG (2347delG) c.579ߙ+ߙ5G>A (711ߙ+ߙ 5G->A) c.1400T>C (L467P) c.2125C>T (R709X) - c.2453delT (2585delT) c.580-1G>T (712-1G->T) c.2195T>G (L732X) c.223C>T (R75X) - c.2490ߙ+ߙ1G>A (2622ߙ+ߙ1G->A) c.720_741delAGGGAG AATGATGATGAAGTAC (852del22) c.2780T>C (L927P) c.2290C>T (R764X) - c.2583delT (2711delT) c.1364C>A (A455E) c.3302T>A (M1101K) c.2551C>T (R851X) - c.2657ߙ+ߙ5G>A (2789ߙ+ߙ5G->A) c.1675G>A (A559T) c.1A>G (M1V) c.3587C>G (S1196X) - Mutations/variants that were validated in this study are in bold. CF, cystic fibrosis. Table 1ߒ Continued on next page reduce carrier detection and potentially improve the positive predictive value (PPV), the NBS goals of equity and the highest possible sensitivity become more difficult to achieve. Login to comment

PMID: 25693903 [PubMed] Schwarz C et al: "[Cystic fibrosis and associated complications]."

No. Sentence Comment

223 Will K, Reiss J, Dean M etÊf;al (1993) CFTR transcripts are undetectable in lymphocytes and respiratory epithelial cells of a CFÊf;patient homozygous for the nonsense mutation R553X. Login to comment

PMID: 25835118 [PubMed] Sisman G et al: "Mutation analysis of PRSS1, SPINK1 and CFTR gene in patients with alcoholic and idiopathic chronic pancreatitis: A single center study."

No. Sentence Comment

45 DNA samples were multiplied by multiplex PCR with a CF 22Mut and CF 14Mut+Tn strip assay kit which has 36 common mutations of the CFTR gene (DF508, DI507, F508C, I502T, 1706del17, 1677del TA, G542X, 1717-1G>A, R553X, Q552X, G551D, S549R(A>C), N1303K, 4016insT, R1162X, R1158X, W1282X, G1244E, 2789+5G>A, 2183AA>G, 711+5G>A, 711+1G>T, G85E, 3849+10kbC>T, 621+1G>T, R117H, D1152H, L1065P, R1066H, L1077P, 4382delA, 1259insA, 852del22, R347P, T338I, S912X and Allele5T-7T-9T). Login to comment

PMID: 25869325 [PubMed] Chang MC et al: "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene variants are associated with autoimmune pancreatitis and slow response to steroid treatment."

No. Sentence Comment

8 Results: A total of 28.1% (25/89) of the AIP patients carried 26 CFTR variants, including nine with I556V, seven with 5T, four with S42F, two with I125T, and one each with R31C, R553X, S895N, and G1069R. Login to comment
112 The identified variants included I556V in nine patients, 5T in seven, S42F in four, I125T in two, and R31C, R553X, S895N, and G1069R each in one patient (Table 1). Login to comment
140 AIP (n = 89) CFTR variants n = 26 % in AIP % with variant I556V 9 10.1% 34.6% 5 T 7 7.9% 26.9% S42F 4 4.5% 15.4% I125T 2 2.2% 7.7% R31C 1 1.1% 3.8% R553X 1 1.1% 3.8% S895T 1 1.1% 3.8% G1069R 1 1.1% 3.8% Table 2 Comparison of patients with and without CFTR variants in 89 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis. Login to comment

PMID: 25874479 [PubMed] Loukas YL et al: "Clinical diagnostic Next-Generation sequencing: the case of CFTR carrier screening."

No. Sentence Comment

36 Sample code Source Genotype NA18668*2 Coriell Cell Repositories* CFTR, CFdelex2,3/p.F508del NA07830 Coriell Cell Repositories* CFTR, F508del/556delA NA11275 Coriell Cell Repositories* CFTR, 3659delC/F508del NA11277 Coriell Cell Repositories* CFTR, I507del/wt NA11860 Coriell Cell Repositories* CFTR, 3849af9;10kb,Cb0e;T/3849af9;10kb,Cb0e;T 40C2 CDC** CFTR, F508del/R334W 10C4 CDC** CFTR, 2184delA/394delTT CDC2 CDC** CFTR, F508del/Exon 17&#aa;-17b-18del 212C4 CDC** CFTR, F508del/3659delC 412C2 CDC** CFTR, F508del/R334W 213C4 CDC** CFTR, W1282X/W1282X 21C2 CDC** CFTR, 1717-1Gb0e;A/1154insTC 412C5 CDC** CFTR, F508del/2183AAb0e;G 412C1 CDC** CFTR, 2184delA/394delTT 212C5 CDC** CFTR, F508del/3849af9;10KbCb0e;T 38C4 CDC** CFTR, R553X/wt 48C1 CDC** CFTR, F508del/G542X 48C3 CDC** CFTR, F508del/G551D 19C4 CDC** CFTR, F508del/R560T 19C5 CDC** CFTR, G551D/G551D 29C3 CDC** CFTR, 621af9;1Gb0e;T/N1303K 29C5 CDC** CFTR, F508del/2789af9;5Gb0e;A 49C1 CDC** CFTR, 3120af9;1Gb0e;A/L467P# 49C3 CDC** CFTR, 621af9;1Gb0e;T/R1162X 40C5 CDC** CFTR, 711af9;1Gb0e;T/wt 21C1 CDC** CFTR, A455E/F508del 112C2 CDC** CFTR, 1898af9;1Gb0e;A/F508del 214C5 CDC** CFTR, F508del/3140-26Ab0e;G *http://ccr.coriell.org/; **CDC, Center for Disease Control & Prevention, http://www.cdc.gov/; #According to CDC report, its clinical significance is unknown. Login to comment
94 Mutation cDNA Coverage Score Reference allele (F/R strand) Mutant allele (F/R strand) Genotype F508del* c.1521_1523delCTT 2080 26.5 491/557 523/504 HET 556delA c.424delA 2168 26.7 524/557 547/536 HET 3659delC* c.3528delC 2359 27.0 573/605 566/609 HET I507del c.1519_1521delATC 2246 26.8 508/612 619/501 HET 3849af9;10kb,Cb0e;T c.3717af9;12191Cb0e;T 3596 28.4 - 1834/1756 HOM 3849af9;10kb,Cb0e;T c.3717af9;12191Cb0e;T 4169 29.0 1023/1059 1116/967 HET R334W* c.1000Cb0e;T 2473 27.1 636/599 626/609 HET 2184delA* c.2052delA 3069 27.9 734/801 792/738 HET 394delTT* c.262_263delTT 3176 28.0 775/811 819/766 HET W1282X c.3846Gb0e;A 4268 29.0 - 2168/2096 HOM 1717-1Gb0e;A c.1585-1Gb0e;A 3863 28.7 922/1007 985/944 HET 1154insTC c.1022_1023insTC 4021 28.8 1058/1039 979/941 HET 2183AAb0e;G c.2051_2052delAAinsG 3927 28.8 1023/996 974/926 HET R553X c.1657Cb0e;T 6027 30.2 1532/1480 1476/1534 HET G542X c.1624Gb0e;T 3862 28.7 933/996 925/1002 HET G551D c.1652Gb0e;A 5225 29.7 1257/1351 1341/1268 HET G551D c.1652Gb0e;A 4862 29.5 - 2487/2369 HOM R560T c.1679Gb0e;C 3542 28.4 861/908 915/853 HET 621af9;1Gb0e;T* c.489af9;1Gb0e;T 2256 26.8 534/592 606/519 HET N1303K c.3909Cb0e;G 2126 26.6 534/528 492/568 HET 2789af9;5Gb0e;A c.2657af9;5Gb0e;A 3453 28.3 824/901 895/828 HET 3120af9;1Gb0e;A c.2988af9;1Gb0e;A 3021 27.8 721/787 802/707 HET L467P c.1400Cb0e;T 3848 28.7 928/993 1003/920 HET R1162X c.3484Cb0e;T 4180 29.0 1021/1065 1112/976 HET 711af9;1Gb0e;T c.579af9;1Gb0e;T 4222 29.0 1036/1072 1001/1108 HET A455E c.1364Cb0e;A 5621 30.0 1365/1443 1438/1370 HET 1898af9;1Gb0e;A c.1766af9;1Gb0e;A 2934 27.7 683/782 702/762 HET 3272-26Ab0e;G 3140-26Ab0e;G 3755 28.6 902/973 1008/867 HET of the majority of CFTR mutations carriers in our region. Login to comment

PMID: 25910067 [PubMed] Lucarelli M et al: "A Genotypic-Oriented View of CFTR Genetics Highlights Specific Mutational Patterns Underlying Clinical Macrocategories of Cystic Fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

381 [Glu479*;Val754Met] F508del c.1521_1523delCTT CF-PI CF-causing p.Phe508del 1717-8G>A c.1585-8G>A CF-PI CF-causing 1717-1G>A c.1585-1G>A CF-PI CF-causing D529N c.1585G>A CF-PI nd p.Asp529Asn G542X c.1624G>T CF-PI CF-causing p.Gly542* S549R(A>C) c.1645A>C CF-PI CF-causing p.Ser549Arg S549N c.1646G>A CF-PI CF-causing p.Ser549Asn S549R(T>G) c.1647T>G CF-PI CF-causing p.Ser549Arg G551D c.1652G>A CF-PI CF-causing p.Gly551Asp Q552X c.1654C>T CF-PI CF-causing p.Gln552* R553X c.1657C>T CF-PI CF-causing p.Arg553* L558S c.1673T>C CF-PI unknown significance p.Leu558Ser Y569D c.1705T>G CFTR-RD,CBAVD unknown significance p.Tyr569Asp Continued on next page 2 0 | L U C A R E L L I E T A L . Login to comment

PMID: 25940043 [PubMed] Corvol H et al: "Translating the genetics of cystic fibrosis to personalized medicine."

No. Sentence Comment

63 T p.Arg553X (R553X) 0.91% c.254G . Login to comment

PMID: 26014425 [PubMed] Girardet A et al: "The improvement of the best practice guidelines for preimplantation genetic diagnosis of cystic fibrosis: toward an international consensus."

No. Sentence Comment

78 Table 1 Examples of common CF-causing, indetermined, and non CF-causing variants (modified from5,8,17) HGVS nomenclature Legacy name cDNA nucleotide name Protein name CF-causing variantsa F508del c.1521_1523delCTT p.Phe508del G542X c.1624G4T p.Gly542* G551D c.1652G4A p.Gly551Asp N1303K c.3909C4G p.Asn1303Lys W1282X c.3846G4A p.Trp1282* 621+1G4T c.489+1G4T CFTRdele2,3 c.54-5940_273 +10250del21080 p.Ser18Argfs*16 E60X c.178G4T p.Glu60* G85E c.254G4A p.Gly85Glu 394delTT c.262_263delTT p.Leu88Ilefs*22 711+1G4T c.579+1G4T R347P c.1040G4C p.Arg347Pro A455E c.1364C4A p.Ala455Glu Q493X c.1477C4T p.Gln493* I507del c.1519_1521delATC p.Ile507del R553X c.1657C4T p.Arg553* R560T c.1679G4C p.Arg560Thr 1898+1G4A c.1766+1G4A 2183AA4G c.2051_2052delAAinsG p.Lys684Serfs*38 2789+5G4A c.2657+5G4A 3120+1G4A c.2988+1G4A M1101K c.3302 T4A p.Met1101Lys R1162X c.3484C4T p.Arg1162* 3659delC c.3528delC p.Lys1177Serfs*15 M1V c.1 A4G p.? Login to comment

PMID: 26087176 [PubMed] Dupuis A et al: "Prevalence of meconium ileus marks the severity of mutations of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene."

No. Sentence Comment

63 Canadian studies for CF modfier genes 2,492 3,153 43,432 3,596 1,788 2,230 23,397 16,023 3 716 3,438 860 15% (19%) 1,902 2,576 PIP and MIP derivation FEV1 and zBMI modeling MIP calculation following correction of MI variable 23,301 2,413 510 21% (25%) 20% (23%) 13% (15%) Total F508del/others MI prevalence uncorrected (estimated) Missing or incomplete genotype Available for analysis Canadian CF patient registry, born after 1980 US CF patient registry German CF patient registry CF patient registry, North Italy Table 1ߒ Meconium ileus prevalence scores for the most common cystic fibrosis-causing variants p. F508del/other variants Class PIP Canada, (n) MIP, (n) Canada United States Germany Italy HGVS Legacy name c.262_263delTT 394delTT I 0.38 (50) c.3472C>T R1158X I 0.37 (35) c.1558G>T V520F 0.35 (43) c.3484C>T R1162X I 0.34 (135) 0.17 (14) 0.22 (45) c.2012delT 2143delT I 0.33 (13) c.3276C>A or G Y1092X I 0.92 (13) 0.09 (12) 0.33 (55) c.3846G>A W1282X I 1.00 (13) 0.29 (13) 0.32 (442) 0.17 (20) c.1477C>T Q493X I 1.00 (11) 0.19 (11) 0.32 (102) c.3528delC 3659delC I 0.31 (139) c.579ߙ+ߙ1G>T 711ߙ+ߙ1G>T 0.97 (39) 0.30 (38) 0.31 (54) c.178G>T E60X I 0.30 (66) c.1657C>T R553X I 1.00 (16) 0.28 (16) 0.30 (415) 0.24 (107) c.1585-1G>A 1717-1G>A I 1.00 (12) 0.23 (12) 0.29 (367) 0.22 (38) 0.16 (22) c.1766ߙ+ߙ1G>A 1898ߙ+ߙ1G>A 0.29 (139) c.1624G>T G542X I 0.99 (73) 0.31 (72) 0.29 (976) 0.21 (79) 0.22 (33) c.1521_1523delCTT F508del II 0.99 (1292) 0.22 (1260) 0.27 (15391) 0.21 (1910) 0.20 (230) c.1679G>C R560T II 0.27 (123) c.3744delA 3876delA 0.27 (22) c.2128A>T K710X I 0.26 (12) c.1519_1521delATC I507del II 1.00 (20) 0.21 (19) 0.25 (162) c.3909C>G N1303K II 0.98 (40) 0.13 (39) 0.25 (534) 0.23 (80) 0.14 (62) c.489ߙ+ߙ1G>T 621ߙ+ߙ1G>T I 1.00 (90) 0.24 (88) 0.25 (369) 0.21 (11) c.3266G>A W1089X I 0.25 (17) c.1675G>A A559T 0.24 (21) c.988G>T G330X 0.24 (10) c.3773_3774insT 3905insT 0.23 (78) c.2988ߙ+ߙ1G>A 3120ߙ+ߙ1G>A 0.22 (121) c.443T>C I148T;3199del6 1.00 (15) 0.22 (15) c.2052delA 2184delA I 0.21 (89) 0.22 (10) c.2051_2052delAAinsG 2183AA>G 0.20 (73) 0.20 (42) c.948delT 1078delT 0.19 (20) c.1652G>A G551D III 0.96 (54) 0.08 (53) 0.15 (979) 0.09 (84) c.254G>A G85E 0.50 (24) 0.06 (24) 0.14 (137) 0.00 (10) c.3196C>T R1066C 0.14 (42) c.1466C>A S489X 1.00 (14) 0.14 (14) c.3808G>A D1270N 0.13 (19) c.1055G>A R352Q 0.12 (18) c.579ߙ+ߙ5G>A 711ߙ+ߙ5G>A 0.12 (30) c.2175_2176insA 2307insA 0.11 (24) c.349C>T R117C 0.10 (37) c.1040G>C R347P IV 0.18 (11) 0.19 (11) 0.10 (130) 0.02 (56) c.350G>A R117H IV 0.05 (21) 0.00 (21) 0.07 (666) 0.02 (19) c.2657ߙ+ߙ5G>A 2789ߙ+ߙ5G>A V 0.25 (20) 0.00 (20) 0.06 (271) 0.01 (21) c.1040G>A R347H 0.06 (55) c.2988G>A 3120G->A 0.06 (36) c.328G>C D1152H IV 0.06 (124) c.3717ߙ+ߙ12191C>T 3849ߙ+ߙ10kbC>T V 0.07 (14) 0.00 (14) 0.05 (299) 0.01 (42) 0.00 (15) c.1364C>A A455E V 0.16 (45) 0.01 (41) 0.05 (109) c.1000C>T R334W IV 0.18 (11) 0.00 (10) 0.05 (92) c.617T>G L206W 0.06 (18) 0.05 (17) 0.04 (52) c.3302T>A M1101K 0.04 (17) c.200C>T P67L V 0.07 (14) 0.00 (14) Meconium ileus prevalence (MIP) and pancreas insufficiency prevalence (PIP) scores are presented. Login to comment

PMID: 26160248 [PubMed] Krzyzanowska P et al: "Exogenous and endogenous determinants of vitamin K status in cystic fibrosis."

No. Sentence Comment

122 The genotypes of the studied patients were as follows: F508del/F508del (nߙ=Èa;ߙ74); F508del/- (nߙ=Èa;ߙ23); F508del/3849ߙ+Èa;ߙ10ߙkbCߙ>Èa;ߙT (nߙ=Èa;ߙ6); F508del/2143delT (nߙ =Èa;ߙ 6); F508del/R553X (nߙ =Èa;ߙ4); F508del/2183AAߙ>Èa;ߙG (nߙ=Èa;ߙ3); F508del/1717-1G>Èa;A (nߙ=Èa;ߙ3); F508del/CFTRdele2,3(21ߙkb) (nߙ=Èa;ߙ3); F508del/3272-26Aߙ>Èa;ߙG (nߙ=Èa;ߙ 2); F508del/N1303K (nߙ =Èa;ߙ2); F508del/4374ߙ+Èa;ߙ1Gߙ>Èa;ߙT (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); F508del/621ߙ+Èa;ߙ1Gߙ>Èa;ߙT (nߙ=Èa;ߙ 1); F508del/3659delC (nߙ =Èa;ߙ1); F508del/ G1244R (nߙ =Èa;ߙ 1); F508del/G542X (nߙ =Èa;ߙ 1); F508del/R117H (nߙ =Èa;ߙ 1); F508del/R334W (nߙ =Èa;ߙ1); G542X/- (nߙ=Èa;ߙ2); CFTRdele2,3(21ߙkb)/- (nߙ=Èa;ߙ2); CFTRdele2,3(21ߙkb)/CFTRdele2,3(21ߙkb) (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); 1717-1-Gߙ>Èa;ߙA/ CFTRdele2,3(21ߙkb) (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); 3849ߙ+Èa;ߙ10ߙkbCߙ>Èa;ߙT/- (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); 3849ߙ+Èa;ߙ10ߙkbCߙ>Èa;ߙT/1717ߙ-Èa;ߙ1Aߙ>Èa;ߙG (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); N1303K/- (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); N1303K/3272-26Aߙ>Èa;ߙG (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); G542X/R553X (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); 1524ߙ+Èa;ߙ1Gߙ>Èa;ߙA/E585X (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); 2183AAߙ>Èa;ߙG/- (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); 2184insA/622-1Gߙ>Èa;ߙA (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); 2143delT/R1102X (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); 3272-26Aߙ>Èa;ߙG/- (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); 3659delC/- (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); R347P/R347P (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1); S1196X/Q1382X (nߙ=Èa;ߙ1). Login to comment

PMID: 26500004 [PubMed] Pepermans X et al: "Identification and frequencies of cystic fibrosis mutations in central Argentina."

No. Sentence Comment

99 rs name HGVS p. name HGVS c. name Legacy name n (%) Screening panel CFTR1 database CFTR2 database rs199826652 p.Phe508del c.1521_1523delCTT F508del 94 (56.6) Yes Yes CF-causing rs113993959 p.Gly542* c.1624G N T G542X 7 (4.2) Yes Yes CF-causing No p.Asn1303Lys c.3909C N G N1303K 5 (3) Yes Yes CF-causing rs74767530 p.Arg1162* c.3484C N T R1162X 4 (2.4) Yes Yes CF-causing rs75961395 p.Gly85Glu c.254G N A G85E 3 (1.8) Yes Yes CF-causing rs78756941 NA c.489 + 1G N T 621 + 1G N T 3 (1.8) Yes Yes CF-causing rs76713772 NA c.1585-1G N A 1717-1G N A 3 (1.8) Yes Yes CF-causing No p.Lys684Serfs*38 c.2051_2052delAAinsG 2183AA N G 3 (1.8) Yes Yes CF-causing rs397508173 p.Ser4* c.11C N A S4X 2 (1.2) No Yes No rs121909011 p.Arg334Trp c.1000C N T R334W 2 (1.2) Yes Yes CF-causing rs77010898 p.Trp1282* c.3846G N A W1282X 2 (1.2) Yes Yes CF-causing rs397508141 p.Leu34_Gln39del c.100_117delTTGTCAGACATATACCAA 232del18 1 (0.6) No Yes No No p.Leu49Pro c.146 T N C L49P &#a7; 1 (0.6) No No No rs77834169 p.Arg117Cys c.349C N T R117C 1 (0.6) Yes Yes CF-causing No p.Arg117Pro c.350G N C R117P 1 (0.6) No Yes No rs80282562 p.Gly178Arg c.532G N A G178R 1 (0.6) Yes Yes CF-causing rs121908803 p.Pro205Ser c.613C N T P205S 1 (0.6) No Yes CF-causing rs121908752 p.Leu206Trp c.617 T N G L206W 1 (0.6) Yes Yes CF-causing No p.Arg347Pro c.1040G N C R347P 1 (0.6) Yes Yes CF-causing rs397508155 p.Tyr362* c.1086 T N A Y362X 1 (0.6) No Yes No rs74597325 p.Arg553* c.1657C N T R553X 1 (0.6) Yes Yes CF-causing rs1800098 + rs1800100 p.[Gly576Ala(;)Arg668Cys] c. Login to comment

PMID: 7505422 [PubMed] Lester LA et al: "Delta F508 genotype does not predict disease severity in an ethnically diverse cystic fibrosis population."

No. Sentence Comment

59 Frequencies of 12 CF With Cystic Fibrosis TR Mutations in 119 Patients Mutation Frequency SF508 0.559 G542X 0.092 G5SID 0.029 R553X 0.004 W1282X 0.012 N1303K 0.021 621 + IG -p 0.012 RII7H 0.004 R1162.X 0.008 3849 + lOkbC T 0.008 S549N 0 l6O9delCA 0 Unidentified 0.248 groups were not significantly different with respect to current age, presence of pancreatic insufficiency, clinical presentation, or associated complications common in CF patients. Login to comment

PMID: 9092029 [PubMed] Durieu I et al: "[Male infertility caused by bilateral agenesis of the vas deferens: a new clinical form of cystic fibrosis?]."

No. Sentence Comment

46 Vingt-deux mutations du gene CFTR ont Cte recher- chtes : les cinq plus frequentes (AF508, G542X, N1303K, 1717-G--A, G85E) et les 17 suivantes : R117H, 556delA, R334W, R347H, R347P, S549N, S5491, S549R, G551D, R553X,R560T,G1244E3,S1255X,W1282X,R1283K,3898 ins C, D1270N. Login to comment