ABCMdb

ABCC1 p.Lys684Leu

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Publications

PMID: 10781583 [PubMed] Hou Y et al: "Allosteric interactions between the two non-equivalent nucleotide binding domains of multidrug resistance protein MRP1."

No. Sentence Comment

33 Stable cell lines expressing wild-type and mutant MRP1s, K684L, D792L/D793L, K1333L, and D1454L/E1455L, were generated by using procedures described previously (11). Login to comment
205 Fig. 5C shows that although labeling by N3[␣-32 P]ATP was not abolished by the mutations, it was greatly reduced: K684L was ϳ10% of wild-type; K1333L, ϳ5%; D1454L/D1455L, ϳ15%. Login to comment
207 Fig. 5D demonstrates that labeling of K684L by N3[␥-32 P]ATP was almost eliminated and labeling of K1333L and D1454L/E1455L were decreased to ϳ10% and ϳ15% of the wild-type levels, respectively. Login to comment
213 The K1333L mutation in NBD2 nearly abolished ATP-dependent uptake as did the NBD2 Walker B substitution, whereas the K684L substitution reduced it by approximately half. Login to comment
232 Lane 1, 10 ␮g of wild-type MRP1; lane 2, 20 ␮g of K684L; lane 3, 10 ␮g of K1333L; lane 4, 10 ␮g of D1454L/ E1455L. Login to comment
234 Lane 1, 10 ␮g of wild-type MRP1; lane 2, 20 ␮g of K684L; lane 3, 10 ␮g of K1333L; lane 4, 10 ␮g of D1454L/ E1455L. Login to comment
235 E, ATP-dependent LTC4 uptake by membrane vesicles containing wild-type (closed diamonds) and mutant MRPs: NBD1 Walker A lysine mutant K684L (open circles), NBD2 Walker A lysine mutant K1333L (open square), NBD2 Walker B aspartate mutant D1454L/ E1455L (closed circles). Login to comment

PMID: 11741902 [PubMed] Hou YX et al: "ATP binding to the first nucleotide-binding domain of multidrug resistance protein MRP1 increases binding and hydrolysis of ATP and trapping of ADP at the second domain."

No. Sentence Comment

50 Stable cell lines expressing wild-type and mutant MRP1s, K684L, D792A, K1333L, and D1454L/E1455L were established previously (2, 31). Login to comment
117 Essentially the stimulation was much reduced in the NBD1 mutants, K684L and D792A (Fig. 4, C and D), and in the NBD2 mutants, K1333L and D1454L/E1455L (Fig. 4, E and F), and the stimulation effects were shifted to higher ATP concentrations (Fig. 4, C-F). Login to comment
173 Lane 1, 10 ␮g of wild-type MRP1; lane 2, 15 ␮g of K684L; lane 3, 20 ␮g of D792A; lane 4, 10 ␮g of K1333L; lane 5, 10 ␮g of D1454L/E1455L. Login to comment
175 The results for K684L and D792A are the average of three independent experiments and for K1333L and D1454L/E1455L are the average of two independent experiments. C, influence of ATP on the [␣-32 P]8-N3ADP labeling of K684L. Login to comment
176 15 ␮g of K684L was labeled in the presence of varying amounts of ATP indicated above each lane. D, influence of ATP on the [␣-32 P]8-N3ADP labeling of D792A. Login to comment

PMID: 12458196 [PubMed] Hou YX et al: "ATP binding, not hydrolysis, at the first nucleotide-binding domain of multidrug resistance-associated protein MRP1 enhances ADP.Vi trapping at the second domain."

No. Sentence Comment

226 Indeed, mutations of K684L and D792A greatly diminish the ATP enhancing effect on ADP trapping (34). Login to comment

PMID: 16551273 [PubMed] Buyse F et al: "Replacement of the positively charged Walker A lysine residue with a hydrophobic leucine residue and conformational alterations caused by this mutation in MRP1 impair ATP binding and hydrolysis."

No. Sentence Comment

3 In contrast, other NBD1 mutants, such as K684L, had decreased ATP binding and rate of solute transport. We now report that mutations of the Walker A lysine residue, K684L and K1333L, significantly alter the tertiary structure of the protein. Login to comment
4 Due to elimination of the positively charged group and conformational alterations, the K684L mutation greatly decreases the affinity for ATP at the mutated NBD1 and affects ATP binding at the unmutated NBD2. Login to comment
5 Although K684L-mutated NBD1 can bind ATP at higher concentrations, the bound nucleotide at that site is not efficiently hydrolysed. Login to comment
10 Consistent with their relative transport activities, the amount of vincristine accumulated in cells is in the order of K1333L CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) > K684L wild-type MRP1. Login to comment
40 However, this speculation cannot explain why the K684L mutation decreases affinity for ATP at the mutated NBD1, in other words, increases the release rate from the mutated NBD1, but does not increase the rate of ATP-dependent solute transport. We have now found that replacement of the Walker A lysine residue with a leucine residue in either NBD1 (K684L) or NBD2 (K1333L) significantly alters the tertiary structure of the protein and affects ATP binding/hydrolysis and ATP-dependent solute transport. Login to comment
66 Reconstitution of wild-type, K684L- and K1333L-mutated MRP1 was achieved by employing SM-2 Bio-Beads to remove detergent from the protein/detergent/ lipid mixture as described previously [28]. Login to comment
70 Sample preparation Reconstituted wild-type, K684L- or K1333L-mutated MRP1s (20 µg) was mixed with either ATP + Vi or AMP-PNP (the molar ratio of protein to ATP is 1:6). Login to comment
105 RESULTS Mutation of NBD2 has a greater effect on the ATP-dependent LTC4 transport than the corresponding mutation of NBD1 We have found that the K1333L-mutated MRP1 almost completely abolished ATP-dependent solute uptake, whereas the corresponding mutation in NBD1, K684L, reduced it by approximately half [16]. Login to comment
107 0.564 (K684L) or approx. Login to comment
109 The ATP-dependent LTC4 transport activities of K684L- and K1333L-mutated MRP1, after adjusting the amount of MRP1 in the membrane vesicles to a similar amount with membrane vesicles containing CFTR, are approx. Login to comment
110 40% (K684L) and 11% (K1333L) of the wild-type MRP1 (Figure 1B), indicating that mutation of NBD2 has a larger effect on the ATP-dependent LTC4 transport than the corresponding mutation of NBD1. Login to comment
112 8% of the wild-type MRP1, implying that Figure 1 Expression and functional analysis of wild-type and Walker A lysine mutants (A) Expression of wild-type (WT), K684L- and K1333L-mutated MRP1 in BHK cells. Login to comment
113 Membrane vesicles were prepared from BHK cells expressing wild-type, K684L- or K1333L-mutated MRP1 and used in Western-blot analyses. Login to comment
117 The ratios of the band intensities are: 1.000 (wild-type MRP1), 0.564 + - 0.093 (K684L, n = 3) and 1.608 + - 0.175 (K1333L, n = 3). Login to comment
118 (B) Relative LTC4 transport activity by membrane vesicles containing wild-type, K684L- and K1333L-mutated MRP1. Login to comment
120 Since the amounts of MRP1 proteins in the membrane vesicles containing wild-type, K684L- and K1333L-mutated MRP1 were different, they were adjusted to a similar amount of MRP1 with membrane vesicles containing CFTR (1.692 µg of wild-type MRP1 + 1.308 µg of CFTR; 3 µg of K684L; 1.05 µg of K1333L + 1.95 µg of CFTR; 3 µg of CFTR) to determine the ATP-dependent LTC4 transport activity. Login to comment
123 Thus the ATP-dependent LTC4 transport activity of K684L- or K1333L-mutated MRP1 should be less than 40% or 11% of the wild-type MRP1. Login to comment
125 To test this hypothesis, membrane vesicles containing wild-type, K684L- and K1333L-mutated MRP1s were labelled with various concentrations of [α-32 P]8-N3ATP on ice (Figures 2A-2C). Login to comment
127 Figures 2(A) and 2(C) show that wild-type and K1333L-mutated MRP1 are heavily labelled by 16 µM [α-32 P]8-N3ATP, whereas K684L is not heavily labelled even at 256 µM (Figure 2B), implying that ATP binding to K684L-mutated NBD1 and unmutated NBD2 is significantly decreased. Login to comment
130 Using the same rationale, the labelling of K684L-mutated MRP1 should mainly occur at the unmutated NBD2. Login to comment
132 However, the Kd value of K684L is increased to 56 µM, which is much higher than that of wild-type MRP1 (Table 1) or the Kd value of wild-type NBD2 determined by digesting the labelled wild-type MRP1 with trypsin [20], implying that K684L mutation impairs the regulatory effect of ATP binding to NBD1 [19]. Login to comment
134 We then decided to use the non-hydrolysable ATP analogue, [α-32 P]8-N3-AMP-PNP, to label the MRP1 protein at 37◦ C. Figures 2(D-F) (wild-type MRP1, K684L and K1333L respectively) show that the labelling patterns of these MRP1 proteins with [α-32 P]8-N3-AMP-PNP at 37◦ C are similar to those performed on ice with [α-32 P]8-N3ATP (Figures 2A-2C). Login to comment
135 For example, the labelling intensity of K684L is much weaker than either wild-type or K1333L-mutated MRP1. Login to comment
136 Due to very low levels of labelling, the Kd (AMP-PNP) of K684L-mutated MRP1 cannot be accurately determined. Login to comment
139 To test this hypothesis, wild-type, K684L- and K1333L-mutated MRP1s were labelled with 8 µM of either [α-32 P]8-N3ATP or [γ -32 P]8-N3ATP at 37◦ C in the presence of Vi (Figure 3A). Login to comment
142 83.9% (K684L) and approx. Login to comment
143 109.3% (K1333L), implying that the ATP bound to K684L is more efficiently hydrolysed than the ATP bound to K1333L and less efficiently hydrolysed than the ATP bound to wild-type MRP1. Login to comment
144 These conclusions are supported by the results in Figure 3(B), i.e. (i) both [α-32 P]8-N3ATP and [γ -32 P]8-N3ATP labelled the unmutated NBD1 of K1333L-mutated MRP1 with similar intensity; (ii) [α-32 P]8-N3ATP mainly labelled the unmutated Figure 2 Nucleotide binding to wild-type and mutant MRP1s Samples were mixed in 10 µl of a solution containing 10 µg of wild-type MRP1 (A), K684L (B) or K1333L (C) membrane proteins and various concentrations of [α-32 P]8-N3ATP, incubated on ice for 1 min and UV-irradiated on ice for 2 min. Login to comment
145 Due to high background at a higher concentration of [α-32 P]8-N3ATP, the labelled K684L and K1333L proteins were immunoprecipitated with MRP1-specific antibodies 42.4 and 897.2 [16]. Login to comment
149 Samples were mixed in 10 µl of a solution containing 10 µg of wild-type MRP1 (D), K684L (E) or K1333L (F) and various concentrations of [α-32 P]8-N3-AMP-PNP, incubated at 37◦C for 10 min and UV-irradiated after washing with 500 µl of ice-cold Tris/EGTA buffer (0.1 mM EGTA and 40 mM Tris/HCl, pH 7.5) [16]. Login to comment
150 In order to prove that the labelling at K684L- or K1333L-mutated MRP1 mainly occurs at the unmutated NBD, the labelled wild-type (WT), K684L- and K1333L-mutated MRP1 were digested with trypsin (G). Login to comment
152 NBD2 of K684L, whereas [γ -32 P]8-N3ATP barely labelled NBD1 or NBD2 of K684L; (iii) [α-32 P]8-N3ATP labelled both NBD1 and NBD2 of wild-type MRP1, whereas [γ -32 P]8-N3ATP mainly labelled NBD1 of wild-type MRP1. Login to comment
153 At a higher concentration of ATP (128 µM in Figure 3C), K684L-mutated NBD1 and K1333L-mutated NBD2 are clearly labelled by either [α-32 P]8-N3ATP or [γ -32 P]8-N3ATP. Login to comment
154 Interestingly, the [γ -32 P]8-N3ATP labelling intensity of the unmutated NBD2 of K684L-mutated MRP1 is much weaker than the [α-32 P]8-N3ATP labelling, whereas the [γ -32 P]8-N3ATP labelling intensity of the K684L-mutated NBD1 is similar to that of [α-32 P]8-N3ATP labelling, implying that ATP bound to the K684L-mutated NBD1 is not efficiently hydrolysed. Login to comment
156 Table 1 Mean Kd (ATP) of wild-type and mutant MRP1 Protein Kd (µM ATP)* Wild-type MRP1 32.3 + - 10.9 K684L 55.9 + - 16.5 K1333L 10.8 + - 5.3 * The Kd values of wild-type MRP1 (n = 6), K684L (n = 6) and K1333L (n = 6) were derived from Figures 2(A)-2(C). Login to comment
167 The kinetics of H/2 H exchange of wild-type, K684L- and K1333L-mutated MRP1s in the absence of nucleotide were different from each other, with 37, 21 and 43% of amide hydrogen remaining unexchanged after a 2 h exposure to 2 H2O (Figure 5A), implying that replacement of the lysine residue with leucine altered the tertiary structure of the protein. Login to comment
169 Thus the protein with the K684L mutation becomes more 'relaxed` (greater extent of water accessibility) than that of the wild-type MRP1, whereas the protein with the K1333L mutation becomes slightly more 'compact` (lesser extent of water accessibility) than that of the wild-type MRP1. Login to comment
170 Conformational changes induced by nucleotide binding/hydrolysis at NBD1 are different from that at NBD2 Since binding of ATP to NBD1 induced conformational changes of the protein and enhanced ATP binding to NBD2 [19], we expected that conformational changes induced by ATP binding/ Figure 3 Walker A lysine mutations affect ATP binding and hydrolysis Samples were mixed in 10 µl of a solution containing wild-type (10 µg), K684L- (15 µg) or K1333L-mutated MRP1 (10 µg), 800 µM Vi and 8 µM of either [α-32 P]8-N3ATP or [γ -32 P]8-N3ATP,incubatedat37◦Cfor4 minandUV-irradiatedonicefor2 min(A).Thelabelled samples were subjected to SDS/PAGE (7% gel) and electroblotted on to a nitrocellulose membrane. Login to comment
171 The amounts of radioactivity incorporated into MRP1 were determined by using a Packard instant imager, yielding a ratio ([γ -32 P]8-N3ATP labelling versus [α-32 P]8-N3ATP labelling) of 60.4 + - 16.6% (wild-type, n = 7); 83.9 + - 17.5% (K684L, n = 4); and 109.3 + - 20.6% (K1333L, n = 5). Login to comment
172 Samples were mixed in 10 µl of a solution containing wild-type (10 µg), K684L- (15 µg) or K1333L-mutated MRP1 (10 µg), 800 µM Vi and 8 µM (B) or 128 µM (C) of either [α-32 P]8-N3ATP or [γ -32 P]8-N3ATP, incubated at 37◦C for 10 min, UV-irradiated on ice for 2 min, washed with 500 µl of ice-cold Tris-EGTA buffer and digested with trypsin (trypsin/protein ratio = 1:16). Login to comment
180 Table 2 Secondary structure analysis of wild-type, K684L- and K1333L-mutated MRP1 in the presence or in the absence of nucleotide Proportion (%) Protein and substrate α-Helix β-Sheet β-Turn Random coil MRP1 42 + - 3 29 + - 3 12 + - 4 17 + - 6 MRP1 + AMP-PNP 40 + - 2 28 + - 2 11 + - 3 21 + - 4 MRP1 + ATP + Vi 43 + - 2 27 + - 3 12 + - 3 18 + - 3 K684L 41 + - 2 31 + - 4 9 + - 4 19 + - 3 K684L + AMP-PNP 39 + - 3 30 + - 4 10 + - 3 21 + - 5 K684L + ATP + Vi 40 + - 2 32 + - 3 11 + - 3 17 + - 4 K1333L 42 + - 2 28 + - 4 11 + - 3 19 + - 3 K1333L + AMP-PNP 41 + - 3 29 + - 2 12 + - 2 18 + - 4 K1333L + ATP + Vi 39 + - 3 30 + - 3 13 + - 4 18 + - 4 (Figure 5B), indicating that ATP binding, hydrolysis and trapping of the hydrolysis product ADP by Vi induced conformational changes slightly different from those observed after AMP-PNP binding. Login to comment
181 For the K684L mutant, non-hydrolysable ATP analogue AMP-PNP binding increased the amount of unexchanged amide hydrogen from 21 to 25% (Figure 5C), whereas binding of hydrolysable ATP in the presence of Vi increased the amount of unexchanged amide hydrogen from 21 to 31% (Figure 5C). Login to comment
182 These results indicate that although nucleotide binding to the K684L-mutated NBD1 is significantly reduced (Figure 2), AMP-PNP binding made the protein more 'compact` than the original state, and ATP binding, hydrolysis and trapping of ADP (probably at the unmutated NBD2) led the protein to an even more 'compact` structure (Figure 5C). Login to comment
187 40, 11 and 8% of the wild-type MRP1, we expected that cells expressing K684L-mutated MRP1 should be partially resistant to anticancer drugs, whereas the cells expressing K1333L-mutated MRP1 should not. Login to comment
189 However, the cells expressing K684L-mutated MRP1 are also not resistant to daunomycin (Figure 6A), colchicine (Figure 6B) or vincristine (Figure 6C). Login to comment
190 The amount of vincristine that accumulated in cells expressing K1333L-mutated MRP1 is similar to that in cells expressing CFTR (Figure 7), whereas the accumulation of vincristine in cells expressing either wild-type or K684L-mutated MRP1 is slightly less than in cells expressing K1333L-mutated MRP1 or CFTR within 15 min incubation at 37◦ C (Figure 7), implying that either wild-type or K684L-mutated MRP1 has greater ability to transport vincristine out of the cells than the K1333L-mutated MRP1. Login to comment
191 The amount of vincristine that accumulated in cells expressing K684L-mutated MRP1 is more than in cells expressing wild-type MRP1, but less than in cells expressing either K1333L-mutated MRP1 or CFTR after 30, 60 or 120 min incubation at 37◦ C (Figure 7), implying that K684L-mutated MRP1 is more active than K1333L-mutated MRP1, but less active than wild-type MRP1. Login to comment
192 This lower transport activity resulted in the cells expressing K684L-mutated MRP1 not being resistant to vincristine (Figure 6C). Login to comment
193 Cells expressing either K684L- or K1333L-mutated MRP1s are not hypersensitive to verapamil We have found that cells expressing wild-type MRP1 are hypersensitive to verapamil [38]. Login to comment
194 Since K684L- or K1333L-mutated MRP1 has approx. Login to comment
195 40 or 11% of the wild-type MRP1 transport activity (Figure 1B), we expected that cells expressing K1333L-mutated MRP1 should have similar sensitivity to verapamil as the cells without MRP1 expression, whereas the cells expressing K684L-mutated MRP1s might be more sensitive to verapamil than the cells without MRP1 expression. Login to comment
197 However, the cells expressing K684L-mutated MRP1s are not more sensitive to verapamil than its parental BHK cells (Figure 6D), implying that the intracellular glutathione is not efficiently co-transported out with verapamil by the K684L-mutated MRP1. Login to comment
199 Both NBDs of MRP1 can bind nucleotide and contribute to solute transport Figure 5 Evolution of the proportion of unexchanged amide hydrogen in wild-type and mutant MRP1 as a function of the deuteration time The data were derived from Figure 4 by using wild-type (A, B), K684L- (A, C) or K1333L-mutated (A, D) MRP1s in the absence or presence of AMP-PNP or ATP + Vi. Login to comment
206 This asymmetry is visualized by IR spectroscopy that shows distinct conformational alterations for the Walker A lysine mutant K684L in NBD1, and the corresponding NBD2 mutant K1333L (Figure 5A), suggesting that the original tertiary structures of the two NBDs are different. Login to comment
212 In contrast, replacement of the positively charged Walker A Lys684 in NBD1 with a hydrophobic leucine greatly decreased the ATP binding at the mutated NBD1 (Figure 2) and significantly diminished the enhancing effect of ATP on the [α-32 P]8-N3ADP trapping [19] and the ATP-dependent LTC4 transport [15,16], probably due to the elimination of a positively charged group and the conformational alterations caused by the K684L mutation (Figure 5A). Login to comment
217 The results in Figure 3(C) indicate that the ATP bound to either K684L-mutated NBD1 or K1333L-mutated NBD2 is not efficiently hydrolysed. Login to comment
222 In contrast, replacement of the putative catalytic base Glu1455 , Figure 6 BHK cells expressing K684L- or K1333L-mutated MRP1 are neither multidrug-resistant nor hypersensitive to verapamil Cell survival experiments were performed according to the chemosensitivity assay as described in the Materials and methods section. Login to comment
223 Various concentrations of daunomycin (A), colchicine (B), vincristine (C) and verapamil (D) were applied to 96-well plates containing parental, wild-type MRP1-, K684L- or K1333L-transfected BHK cells. Login to comment
226 Figure 7 Vincristine accumulation in cells expressing wild-type, K684L- and K1333L-mutated MRP1 Intracellular accumulation of 3 H-labelled vincristine was carried out according to the vincristine accumulation method as described in the Materials and methods section. Login to comment
227 3 H-labelled vincristine (1 µM) was applied to the 24-well plate containing CFTR-, MRP1-, K684L- or K1333L-transfected BHK cells. Login to comment

PMID: 17295059 [PubMed] Chang XB et al: "A molecular understanding of ATP-dependent solute transport by multidrug resistance-associated protein MRP1."

No. Sentence Comment

256 Mutation of the Walker A motif K684 residue in NBD1, such as K684L [40, 141, 148], K684M [16, 63, 118], K684R [61] or K684E [61], significantly reduced ATP binding (at 4°C) at the mutated NBD1 and the intact NBD2 and Vi dependent ADP trapping at 37°C, but never completely abolished ATP-dependent solute transport. Login to comment

PMID: 19285030 [PubMed] Wan L et al: "Characterization of the ATPase activity of a novel chimeric fusion protein consisting of the two nucleotide binding domains of MRP1."

No. Sentence Comment

163 Among the NBD1-GST-NBD2 mutants, K684L in Walker A of NBD1, K1333L in Walker A of NBD2, and D1454L/E1455L in Walker B of NBD2 were expressed mainly as inclusion bodies in E. coli, and only the E1455Q mutant was expressed in a sufficient quantity of soluble protein to allow activity analysis. Login to comment

PMID: 11469806 [PubMed] Cui L et al: "Mutations of the Walker B motif in the first nucleotide binding domain of multidrug resistance protein MRP1 prevent conformational maturation."

No. Sentence Comment

42 Stable cell lines expressing wild-type and mutant MRP1s, K684L, D792L/D793L, K1333L, and D1454L/E1455L were established previously (8). Login to comment
147 This was also true in the case of D793L (Fig. 5E) and mutations of the Walker A lysine residues in both NBDs (Fig. 5B, K684L, and Fig. 5G, K1333L), where the protein matured normally as did a variant in which the Walker B aspartate in NBD2 was mutated (Fig. 5H, D1454L/ E1455L). Login to comment
203 (B) K684L, 0.6 ␮g protein in each lane. Login to comment
146 This was also true in the case of D793L (Fig. 5E) and mutations of the Walker A lysine residues in both NBDs (Fig. 5B, K684L, and Fig. 5G, K1333L), where the protein matured normally as did a variant in which the Walker B aspartate in NBD2 was mutated (Fig. 5H, D1454L/ E1455L). Login to comment
202 (B) K684L, 0.6 òe;g protein in each lane. Login to comment