ABCMdb

ABCB4 p.Thr175Ala

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Publications

PMID: 17726488 [PubMed] Degiorgio D et al: "Molecular characterization and structural implications of 25 new ABCB4 mutations in progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3)."

No. Sentence Comment

18 The two TMDs contain specific sites for substrate binding and translocation, whereas the two NBDs, which display a high degree of sequence similarity with the equivalent domain of ABC transporters, couple the energy obtained from ATP hydrolysis to substrate transport.8 The ICDs are deemed to be involved in mediating the coupling between NBD conformational changes and the reorientation of TM helices concomitant with substrate extrusion.9 The ABCB1 gene, one of the most extensively studied ABC transporters, is responsible for the human multidrug resistance phenotype that is a rapidly growing obstacle to the treatment of numerous infectious diseases, including human immunodeficiency10 and malaria.11 The properties of this transporter are also exploited in cancer pharmacological therapy where ABCB1 translocates the chemotherapeutic drugs and other molecules with a broad but defined specificity.12 A gene duplication of ABCB1 and additional mutations selected as advantageous have created in mammals the T715I G723E L724AfsX744 A737V G954S G762X T775M G126E S320F A840D OUT IN Linker region F357L L701P A364V NBD-NH2 terminal NBD-COOH terminal A1193T NH2 COOH 1 2 54 6 7 8 129 11 10 EC2EC1 ICD2 A250P Y279X A286V ICD1 R159X T175A ICD3 EC3 EC4 EC6EC5 ICD4 ICD6 ICD5 E888X Y403H V475A A511T E558K R590Q T593A M630V 3 S379KfsX413 P726T Figure 1 (a) Localization of the 29 mutations identified in this study in the ABCB4 protein, schematically represented in its domains. Login to comment
77 Notably, two mutations already described were found in members of different families that are not part of a genetic isolate: p.T175A and p.S320F were identified in unrelated Caucasian patients (three and two cases, respectively). Login to comment
84 There are no PFIC3 epidemiologic data available to date; however, knowing that the number of newborns in Italy has been on average 500 000/year in the last 14 years (http://demo.istat.it/), since we observed 18 patients with ABCB4-mutated alleles born within a 14-year period (with Table 2 Mutations identified in ABCB4 Type of mutationb Exons cDNA locusa Missense Frameshift or nonsense ABCB4-predicted domain GenBank accession numberc Exon 6 c.377G4A G126E TM2 DQ861346 Exon 6 c.523A4G T175A ICD1 Exon 6 c.475C4T R159X ICD1 DQ861347 Exon 8 c.748G4C A250P ICD2 DQ861349 Exon 9 c.837T4A Y279X ICD2 DQ861348 Exon 9 c.857C4T A286V ICD2 DQ861350 Exon 9 c.959C4T S320F TM5 Exon 10 c.1069T4C F357L ICD3 DQ861351 Exon 10 c.1091C4T A364V ICD3 DQ861352 Exon 11 c.1135_1136insAA S379KfsX413 ICD3 DQ861353 Exon 11 c.1207T4C Y403H NBD-NH2 A-loop EF035007 Exon 13 c.1424T4C V475A NBD-NH2 ter DQ861354 Exon 13 c.1531G4A A511T NBD-NH2 ter DQ861355 Exon 14 c.1672G4A E558K NBD-NH2 ter DQ861356 Exon 15 c.1769G4A R590Q NBD-NH2 ter Exon 15 c.1777A4G T593A NBD-NH2 ter DQ861357 Exon 15 c.1888A4G M630V NBD-NH2 ter DQ861358 Exon 17 c.2102T4C L701P Linker region DQ861359 Exon 17 c.2144C4T T715I TM7 DQ861360 Exon 17 c.2168G4A G723E TM7 DQ861361 Exon 17 c.2169_2170insG L724AfsX744 TM7 DQ861362 Exon 17 c.2176C4A P726T TM7 DQ861363 Exon 17 c.2210C4T A737V EC4 DQ861364 Exon 18 c.2284G4T G762X TM8 DQ861365 Exon 19 c.2324C4T T775M TM8 Exon 21 c.2519C4A A840D TM9 DQ861366 Exon 21 c.2662G4T E888X ICD5 DQ861367 Exon 23 c.2860G4A G954S TM11 DQ861368 Exon 27 c.3577G4A A1193T NBD-COOH ter DQ861369 a cDNA sequence is based on reference sequence GenBank NM_018849. Login to comment

PMID: 14999697 [PubMed] Pauli-Magnus C et al: "BSEP and MDR3 haplotype structure in healthy Caucasians, primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis."

No. Sentence Comment

110 Five coding region changes were single nucleotide polymorphisms (synonymous: exon 4: C175T, exon 6: C504T, exon 8: A711T; nonsynonymous: exon 6: A523G 3 T175A and exon 16: A1954G 3 R652G). Login to comment

PMID: 15077010 [PubMed] Pauli-Magnus C et al: "Sequence analysis of bile salt export pump (ABCB11) and multidrug resistance p-glycoprotein 3 (ABCB4, MDR3) in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy."

No. Sentence Comment

115 Because T175A has already been detected in a larger cohort of healthy Caucasian volunteers [17], it cannot be counted as ICP-specific mutation, resulting in 15 (37.5%) and 11 (31.4%) variants specific for the ICP and the control group, respectively. Login to comment
142 Q R I K R I Q I D F H G I E H D T T E L H S I D D T L K I S E G I G D K R Q R K F F H A I L R G A V A G V T R I G G Q H L E K A Q K H L L G A E I F E YA R R T L I E G L S H A F K A H R D F H S H D Q D K H S T G A L A Q V Q G A T G T R L R S R H G A L L K R E I A E T A T S L T Q E R V Y H S E F L P Y R H S V Q K K I K D E L E A A G H E L A K A Y D A T Q G K K V Q E P I L I E A I S C Q Q R I A I E V V Q G L S L P A K L S H KL H A D T A L R T A K K A I H V V K E Y G K K F D A R V K Q Q R I L A P V F Q G G A V Q H T G H E Q H L K A A S C S S G V L L A Q L G I R H D G Y A G Q L S G G P R A H V P F G R S TT A D L L L I E I H A D L I Q I K Q A L L G V V H S F Y S L Q R E F L Q V T S K G K L H V Q H I D Q S V V E R V G D K H V V F H Y P V K E TE E D L A S T T I H R L S T A E S Y S D I D F K E L L L D G Q E A A K A A A V E L P K K Y F G H I T F E Y L A TE E V V K E S Q E R T C I V G D A L K R A H H I P I F A P L G V T K G L P K D Y F H D L E R H A T G H K P T S E L G I S S K F D G V T K T K K R K H I F R Y S D H Q L T L D K A A Q K A E G V F V D K G A T H F S S L S F H V H L L P K K H T R E E E F P I H A Y Y Y Y H T D S R G H K A I I E S K Q Q K C H I F VG P G D D A F R F C G H R F R D V G A HY L I V H G Y G H Q V F G I GE L H H P S G L G I A H A T T H G H S LFL G A G L A Y I A T L V L S P I I I G HT T V F H S I L F G A F I V G Q S A P C A F S LI L F L F I I S G F T F F L Q G F T F G F A T F V G H F V Y G S H L A F A A S Y Y L L I F I FV A F S P G L Q G I A H A T V C G A H L I A L I L S I S F H I Y A T L L L V F I A IS F G A V A LV H AG S S F G I T Q A F H Y F S Y A L L L V V A I I P V S A I V G A Q H G T G I I I S F I F V V YG I A H F Q Q F A G F I V G F I A K A Y E K D L S F A S L A E A R E A H E K G I K I K A ISAH I E E T D L D H R V T E H K K E S V K F Y V G D K A A T V A H R L S A L L EI K H P A H G H Q K S L D C L A Q V E A D F G A I V V Q G S H S S T Q H H S E F E L H R G R T T I A E E G EE H F L R S K R K L K H S Q H S T QQ QG ID A IVK K G G S L L E A T S Q D R I A I R Q P K I L L A H A V L A V E R G A G P K F D T L Q L E V A K K R I E Y A H A F H H T K D E V H C Y G R G I E E S V V G Q T S F L V P T I H L R E I Y D R H F H V I Q P Y L R Q D I I T G E D H D S T V Q L T G S G C G K S V K H L G K L V Q G S Q V T A R H V K I A V F S Y P S H D P H G E K L G K I S D H E KAGLHF QIIILS F S D I K P H H D I I D V P P V H A E L G D T E V F V I I A A G R A H A F A D P K V L K F H K T E H L R R S L Q T G A Q H IAL V I T S H A I G L L A A S H A V L V V V S Q H T F A A L S K E Y I K T175A E528D T775M R652G S Cytoplasm R T G762E S320F Extracellular K Fig. 2 Secondary structure of multidrug resistance protein 3 with non-synonymous coding region genetic variants. Login to comment

PMID: 15841457 [PubMed] Keitel V et al: "Expression and localization of hepatobiliary transport proteins in progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis."

No. Sentence Comment

38 Clinical and Laboratory Parameters of PFIC Patients Patients Clinical Parameters Laboratory Parameters Diagnosis Onset of Symptoms Age at LTx BS (<8 ␮M) ␥GT (<25 U/l) Bilirubin (<1 mg/dL) MDR3-Mutation MDR3- IF BSEP- IF PFIC Type C1 F.A. 4 m 3 y 5 m 47 7 1.3 None detected ϩ - 2 C2 A.A. 3 m 2 y 5 m 144 19 22.6 None detected ϩ - 2 C3 S.H. 3 m 3 y 3 m 616 77 22.7 None detected ϩ - 2 C4 M.D. 6 m 10 y 7 m 160 7 5.4 None detected ϩ - 2 C5 T.A. 6 m 4 y 2 m 414 11 5.4 555 A 3 G/T175A Heterozygous ϩ - 2 C6 M.D. 4 m 7 y 9 m 163 26 11.2 1069 G 3 T/S346I ϩ ϩ 3 C7 S.F. birth 8 y 7 m 299 250 1.9 1069 G 3 T/8346I* ϩ ϩ 3 C8 K.Y. 6 m 3 y 10 m 85 277 0.5 2890 C 3 A/A953D ϩ ϩ 3 C9 K.B. 4 m 3 y 8 m 360 165 1.1 426-432 del† - ϩ 3 C10 B.D. 7 y 11 y 4 m 199 24 20.7 None detected - ϩ 3 NOTE. Login to comment
185 (PFIC-2 patient C5) results in an amino acid change in codon 175 from threonine to alanine. Login to comment

PMID: 16763017 [PubMed] Lang T et al: "Genetic variability, haplotype structures, and ethnic diversity of hepatic transporters MDR3 (ABCB4) and bile salt export pump (ABCB11)."

No. Sentence Comment

177 Amino Acid Change Scoring Systems for Nonsynonymous Variants Grantham SIFT PolyPhen Blosum62 EC/EU MDR3 D87E 45 1.00 0.48 2 EC P95S 74 0.48 0.87 -1 EC T175A 58 0.01 0.72 -1 EC I367V 29 0.23 0.96 3 EC E450G 98 0.01 0.13 -2 EC R590Q 43 0.01 2.51 1 EC R652G 125 0.36 1.47 -2 EU E1099G 98 0.04 1.58 -2 EC BSEP I206V 29 1.00 0.23 3 EU V284A 64 0.13 0.43 -2 EC R299K 26 1.00 0.38 2 EU V444A 64 0.63 0.78 -2 EC R616G 125 0.01 3.16 -2 EC T619A 58 0.00 1.78 -1 EC M677V 21 0.29 0.82 1 EU R698H 29 0.30 0.57 0 EC A865V 64 0.02 1.12 0 EC R958Q 43 0.04 0.24 1 EU neutral mutation model (Tajima, 1989). Login to comment
63 The numbers 1 to 42 in the variant ID column indicate all variants included in haplotype analysis and linkage disequilibrium estimation. Variant ID 5Ј Sequence Genetic Variation 3Ј Sequence Region Amino Acid Change CA KO JA Total n % n % n % n % 43 TCAATGCAC g.-7676AϾT GTCTCACAA PromA 110 0.9 96 0.0 88 0.0 294 0.3 44 CTACCCTCT g.-7554TϾC CAATGCCTC PromA 110 0.9 96 0.0 88 0.0 294 0.3 45 GAGTGAAGT g.-7253GϾA TAGAAATCT PromA 106 0.0 96 1.0 94 0.0 296 0.3 46 AATTTAGAA g.-7114AϾT ACTCAATAG PromA 108 0.0 96 1.0 94 0.0 298 0.3 1 AAGAGGAAA g.-7094GϾC TTTCTTGTA PromA 108 13.0 96 30.2 94 24.5 298 22.1 47 CAAGAATTT g.-6816CϾT ATTAGGCAA PromA 102 0.0 96 1.0 92 0.0 290 0.3 48 GAGAGAGAG g.-6639AϾC GAGCTGAAT PromA 110 0.9 90 0.0 92 0.0 292 0.3 49 GAGAGAGAG g.-6637_-6636 delAG CTGAATCAG PromA 110 0.0 90 1.1 92 0.0 292 0.3 2 GTGCCTTTG g.-6588GϾT GTGTGCTGG PromA 110 2.7 88 0.0 92 2.2 290 1.7 3 AAAGAAGAA g.-6540CϾT GAAACCAAA PromA 108 14.8 86 26.7 90 27.8 284 22.5 4 TTAGTGACC g.-6325AϾG AAAGTTTGG PromA 108 17.6 90 31.1 92 26.1 290 24.5 5 ATTCTTTTT g.-6014GϾT TACAAACCC PromA 108 16.7 94 28.7 88 26.1 290 23.4 50 ACTGGTGCT g.-5941GϾA TGGGCACTA PromA 108 0.0 94 0.0 88 1.1 290 0.3 6 TGAAGTCAC g.-5859GϾA TGGCCAGAG PromA 108 16.7 94 28.7 88 26.1 290 23.4 7 ATGAGATGA g.-5717TϾC ATATATGTG PromA 110 0.0 92 1.1 86 3.5 288 1.4 8 CCTTCTTTA g.-5610TϾC ATGCCTAAA PromA 110 100.0 96 100.0 94 97.9 300 99.3 9 TAAGTGTGG g.-5570GϾC CAGCAATTA PromA 110 12.7 96 29.2 94 24.5 300 21.7 51 TACTCTCAC g.-5509GϾA GCTCTTATG PromA 110 0.0 96 1.0 94 0.0 300 0.3 10 CTCTCTTGT g.-5236CϾT TGAGTAATA PromA 108 15.7 90 27.8 94 26.6 292 22.9 52 GAGGATAAA g.-2551AϾT AAGAAAGAT PromB 126 0.0 88 0.0 90 1.1 304 0.3 11 AGCCTTACA g.-2478TϾG CAATGCATA PromB 126 4.8 88 0.0 90 2.2 304 2.6 12 GAAGGAATT g.-1921TϾC GGGTTGATT PromB/Exon -3 122 4.9 92 0.0 82 1.2 296 2.4 53 GAAGAGAAT g.-1899CϾA CTCATGGTC PromB/Exon -3 122 0.8 92 0.0 82 0.0 296 0.3 13 ATCCTAATA g.-1603AϾT CACCCTTAT PromB 128 0.0 94 2.1 86 1.2 308 1.0 14 TTTATAGAT g.-1584CϾT CAATGACTG PromB/Exon -2 118 11.0 94 29.8 74 23.0 286 20.3 54 ACACCAGGG g.-1510TϾG CCACCCAGC PromB 126 0.0 94 1.1 68 0.0 288 0.3 15 CTTATACCA g.-1484TϾC GCTCTGCTT PromB 126 0.0 94 1.1 68 5.9 288 1.7 55 TTTGAAAGT g.-1146CϾT TCCGGTTTC PromB 126 0.0 92 1.1 82 0.0 300 0.3 16 TGGTAGGAG g.-1031CϾT AGAGACAAT PromB 126 11.1 92 30.4 82 24.4 300 20.7 56 GAGACAATT g.-1020CϾG AATACAGAC PromB 126 0.0 92 1.1 82 0.0 300 0.3 17 ATTCAATAC g.-1014AϾG GACAGAAGT PromB 126 13.5 92 30.4 82 24.4 300 21.7 18 GAACTGGGG g.-682AϾC TGCGGAAGC PromB/Exon -1 124 1.6 70 0.0 64 0.0 258 0.8 19 AGGCTCCAG g.-495CϾG CTGATCTCG PromB 126 17.5 86 29.1 84 28.6 296 24.0 20 GCGCCCCGG g.-414CϾT GGCAAGAGC PromB 126 4.8 86 3.5 84 6.0 296 4.7 21 GGCAGGCTG g.-395CϾG GCCCCTGGC PromB 126 13.5 86 3.5 84 6.0 296 8.4 22 GCCCGCGCC g.-378TϾC AGCCTGGGG PromB 126 26.2 86 27.9 84 20.2 296 25.0 57 GCGTTTCCC g.-292GϾT GGCCGGACG PromB 128 0.0 96 0.0 92 1.1 316 0.3 58 CCGGACGCG g.-280CϾA GTGGGGGGC PromB 126 0.8 86 0.0 84 0.0 296 0.3 59 CCCTGCCAG g.-186AϾG CACGCGCGA PromB/Exon 1 128 0.0 96 1.0 92 0.0 316 0.3 23 TGCCCCCGG g.-75GϾT CCCCGCGAC PromB 128 0.0 96 0.0 92 1.1 316 0.3 24 TTTATGTCG g.12597CϾT TGGGTACCA Exon 4 L59L 126 12.7 96 25.0 94 21.3 316 19.0 60 CAAATTTGT g.12680TϾG GATACTGCA Exon 4 V86V 126 0.0 96 0.0 94 1.1 316 0.3 61 ATTTGTTGA g.12683TϾG ACTGCAGGA Exon 4 D87E 126 0.0 96 0.0 94 1.1 316 0.3 62 TTCTCCTTT g.12705CϾT CAGGTAAGC Exon 4 P95S 126 0.0 96 0.0 94 1.1 316 0.3 63 TAGCTTTCA g.20782TϾG ACATTTAAA Intron 4 114 0.0 88 1.1 70 0.0 272 0.4 25 TTTTAAAAA g.20813CϾT CTGGCAATG Intron 4 116 3.4 90 1.1 70 0.0 276 1.8 26 TCACCTATT g.21044AϾG TTATCATTT Intron 5 122 16.4 52 15.4 46 32.6 220 19.5 27 AAAAGAAAA g.22281_22284delGAAAA AAGAAAAGA Intron 5 126 7.9 88 0.0 84 0.0 298 3.4 28 TGACATCAA g.22490CϾT GACACCACT Exon 6 N168N 126 42.9 88 37.5 90 44.4 304 47.7 29 GAACTCAAT g.22509AϾG CGCGGCTAA Exon 6 T175A 126 3.2 88 0.0 90 0.0 304 1.3 64 CTCTGCAGC g.23831CϾT GTTTGGGCA Exon 7 A232A 128 0.0 94 0.0 90 1.1 312 0.3 65 AAGGGTTGA g.25313CϾG CAGAGTGCC Intron 7 124 0.8 96 0.0 90 0.0 310 0.3 30 TGTCCAGAT g.25376AϾT CTCTCGGCA Exon 8 I237l 126 15.1 96 27.1 90 27.8 312 22.4 66 GTTAATATA g.28354TϾC GCATCATAT Exon 9 Y309Y 128 0.8 96 0.0 92 0.0 316 0.3 67 GCATATGTG g.30584AϾG TCTTTGATA Exon 10 I367V 118 0.8 92 0.0 92 0.0 302 0.3 68 TAATATTTA g.31823TϾG AGGAATTCC Intron 11 128 0.0 96 0.0 92 1.1 316 0.3 31 ACTTTTTTT g.31941delT CAAATTTCA Intron 11 128 7.0 96 3.1 94 1.1 318 4.1 69 ACCCTGATG g.32140AϾG GGGCACAGT Exon 12 E450G 128 0.0 96 1.0 94 0.0 318 0.3 70 ACAAATTTG g.32232CϾT GTGTGAATC Intron 12 128 0.0 96 1.0 94 0.0 318 0.3 32 GGCAATGCC g.32277GϾT ATGGATAAT Intron 12 124 6.5 96 3.1 94 3.2 314 4.5 33 CAGCTATTA g.35024AϾG ATGGTTAAA Intron 12 124 95.2 94 70.2 94 72.3 312 80.8 71 ACAGGTAAA g.35273GϾA CCTCTGATA Intron 13 126 0.0 96 0.0 94 1.1 316 0.3 72 AGTGTGCCA g.43862AϾG TACTGTAAC Intron 14 122 0.8 88 0.0 72 0.0 282 0.4 34 TGTGCCAAT g.43864AϾG CTGTAACCC Intron 14 124 0.0 88 1.1 72 2.8 284 1.1 73 TAGCACACC g.43938GϾA ACTGTCTAC Exon 15 R590Q 124 0.8 88 0.0 74 0.0 286 0.3 35 GCTGCCACT g.48606AϾG GAATGGCCC Exon 16 R652G 124 7.3 86 2.3 74 1.4 284 4.2 36 GCTACAATT g.48771AϾG TTGAAATTC Intron 16 114 5.3 86 2.3 70 1.4 270 3.3 37 TTGCAAACA g.51576CϾT CACATAACA Intron 17 122 95.1 70 74.3 80 71.3 272 82.7 38 TTACATAAC g.56969AϾG TGGTTTTAG Intron 20 126 6.3 60 3.3 66 1.5 252 4.4 74 ATATTTTAC g.58304TϾC GTATTAATG Intron 21 124 0.0 96 0.0 92 1.1 212 0.3 39 CTGTATTAA g.58312TϾC GTCTAGAAC Intron 21 122 4.1 96 1.0 92 1.1 310 2.3 75 AAAGGAGGC g.63395delT GAAGAGATG Intron 22 124 0.8 92 0.0 94 0.0 310 0.3 76 AATATTAAG g.63598AϾT TTATTCTAT Intron 23 124 0.0 92 1.1 94 0.0 310 0.3 40 ATGGTCAAG g.68988AϾG AGCAAAGAA Exon 26 E1099G 112 1.8 92 0.0 84 0.0 288 0.7 41 TATTTATAA g.72169TϾC TTGGTTAAC Intron 26 122 91.8 90 65.6 92 75.0 304 78.9 42 GTAACATTT g.73092TϾC CAAATTTAC Intron 27 124 7.3 94 1.1 86 1.2 304 3.6 n, number of alleles analyzed (number of subjects times 2). 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110 These included three Caucasian variants in exon 6 (c.523AϾG; allele frequency 3.2%), exon 16 (c.1954AϾG; 7.3%), and exon 26 (c.3296AϾG; 1.8%), resulting in amino acid substitutions p.T175A, p.R652G, and p.E1099G, respectively. Login to comment
164 ABCB4 p.T175A (3.2%) and p.E1099G (1.8%) were only present in the Caucasian sample. Login to comment
271 Only two variants from our study had been related to cholestatic disease earlier, ABCB4 c.523AϾG (p.T175A), the second most prevalent nonsynonymous change in Caucasians (Rosmorduc et al., 2001), and the most prevalent nonsynonymous variant, ABCB4 c.1954GϾA (p.R652G), which was present in all of our population samples (Jacquemin et al., 2001). Login to comment

PMID: 17264802 [PubMed] Lang C et al: "Mutations and polymorphisms in the bile salt export pump and the multidrug resistance protein 3 associated with drug-induced liver injury."

No. Sentence Comment

149 Of the coding region changes, eight have previously been described in healthy Caucasians, including three synonymous and two nonsynonymous changes (synonymous: exon 4: 175C > T, exon 6: 504C > T, exon 8: 711A > T; nonsynonymous: exon 6: 523A > G-T175A, exon 15: 1769G > A-R590Q and exon 16: 1954A > G-R652G). Login to comment
163 The estimated IC50 was 50 and 60 mmol/l for reference BSEP Fig. 4 Extracellular I764L T175A R652G R590Q Cytoplasm L1082Q Secondary structure of multidrug resistance protein 3 (MDR3) with nonsynonymous coding region variants. Login to comment

PMID: 22331132 [PubMed] Wendum D et al: "Aspects of liver pathology in adult patients with MDR3/ABCB4 gene mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

107 Location and nucleotide change Effect on protein Status of variant Mutation category 1 c.1328dup p.Arg444Glu fsX4, truncating Heterozygous Insertion 2 c.1584 G > C p.Glu528Asp Heterozygous Missense 3 c.101 C > T p.Thr34Met Heterozygous Missense 4 c.1553delT p.Leu518Tyr fsX16, truncating Heterozygous Deletion 5 c.139 C > G p.Arg 47 Gly Heterozygous Missense 6 c.1217 G > A p.Arg 406 Gln Heterozygous Missense c.140 G > A p.Arg47Gln Heterozygous, compound Missense 7 c.857 C > T p.Ala 286 Val Heterozygous Missense 8 c.2324 C > T p.Thr775Met Heterozygous Missense c.2836 G > A p.Ala946Thr Heterozygous Missense 9 c.523A > G p.Thr175Ala Heterozygous Missense 10 c.1005 + 5 G > A p.? Login to comment
108 Heterozygous Splicing 11 c.523A > G p.Thr175Ala Heterozygous Missense 12 c.959 C > T Ser 320 Phe Heterozygous Missense 13 c.959 C > T Ser 320 Phe Heterozygous Missense Fig. 1 Liver lesions in adult patients with MDR3 deficiency (MDR3/ABCB4 mutation). Login to comment
106 Location and nucleotide change Effect on protein Status of variant Mutation category 1 c.1328dup p.Arg444Glu fsX4, truncating Heterozygous Insertion 2 c.1584 G > C p.Glu528Asp Heterozygous Missense 3 c.101 C > T p.Thr34Met Heterozygous Missense 4 c.1553delT p.Leu518Tyr fsX16, truncating Heterozygous Deletion 5 c.139 C > G p.Arg 47 Gly Heterozygous Missense 6 c.1217 G > A p.Arg 406 Gln Heterozygous Missense c.140 G > A p.Arg47Gln Heterozygous, compound Missense 7 c.857 C > T p.Ala 286 Val Heterozygous Missense 8 c.2324 C > T p.Thr775Met Heterozygous Missense c.2836 G > A p.Ala946Thr Heterozygous Missense 9 c.523A > G p.Thr175Ala Heterozygous Missense 10 c.1005 + 5 G > A p.? Login to comment

PMID: 21119540 [PubMed] Colombo C et al: "Clinical features and genotype-phenotype correlations in children with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 related to ABCB4 mutations."

No. Sentence Comment

107 Nucleotidechange (effectonprotein) Predictionscoresby PolyPhenanalysis Nucleotidechange (effectonprotein) Predictionscoresby PolyPhenanalysis Referencefor eachgenotype 1[1-I]c.475C>T(p.R159X)XUnknownUnknown20 1[1-II]c.475C>T(p.R159X)XUnknownUnknownThisstudy 2[2-I]c.523A>G(p.T175A)0.774c.1069T>C(p.F357L)þc.2324C>T(p.T775M)1.079þ0.59720 3[3-I]c.1135_1136insAA(p.S379KfsX413)Xc.2102T>C(p.L701P)2.22620 4[4-I]c.2662G>T(p.E888X)Xc.748G>C(p.A250P)Rc.1888A>G(p.M630V)1.871R1.67720 5[5-I]c.959C>T(p.S320F)1.287c.857C>T(p.A286V)1.40820 6[6-I]c.377G>A(p.G126E)1.998c.1531G>A(p.A511T)2.1720 6[6-II]c.377G>A(p.G126E)1.998c.1531G>A(p.A511T)2.1720 7[7-I]c.2176C>A(p.P726T)2.086c.1769G>A(p.R590Q)þc.2284G>T(p.G762X)2.623RX20 8[8-1]c.1091C>T(p.A364V)1.343c.2210C>T(p.A737V)0.21720 9[9-I]c.1777A>G(p.T593A)2.044UnknownUnknown20 10[10-I]c.2144C>T(p.T715I)0.383UnknownUnknown20 11[11-I]c.2519C>A(p.A840D)1.803c.1424T>C(p.V475A)2.60320 12[12-I]c.1672G>A(p.E558K)2.486c.2168G>A(p.G723E)Rc.3577G>A(p.A1193T)1.548þ2.34120 12[12-II]c.1672G>A(p.E558K)2.486c.2168G>A(p.G723E)Rc.3577G>A(p.A1193T)1.548þ2.34120 13[13-I]c.2860G>A(p.G954S)0.245c.2860G>A(p.G954S)0.24520 14[14-I]c.523A>G(p.T175A)0.774UnknownUnknown20 15[15-I]c.959C>T(p.S320F)1.287c.837T>A(p.Y279X)X20 16[16-I]c.523A>G(p.T175A)0.774UnknownUnknown20 17[17-I]c.2169_2170insG(p.L724AfsX744)Xc.2169_2170insG(p.L724AfsX744)X20 17[17-II]c.2169_2170insG(p.L724AfsX744)Xc.2169_2170insG(p.L724AfsX744)X20 18[18-I]c.1207T>C(p.Y403H)2.798c.1207T>C(p.Y403H)2.79820 19[19-I]c.208G>C(p.G70R)þc.1769G>A(p.R590Q)1.497þ2.623c.959C>T(p.S320F)1.287Thisstudy 19[19-II]c.208G>C(p.G70R)þc.1769G>A(p.R590Q)1.497þ2.623c.959C>T(p.S320F)1.287Thisstudy 19[19-III]c.208G>C(p.G70R)þc.1769G>A(p.R590Q)1.497þ2.623c.959C>T(p.S320F)1.287Thisstudy 20[20-I]c.217C>G(p.L73V)0.489UnknownUnknown22,thisstudy 21[21-I]c.959C>T(p.S320F)1.287c.959C>T(p.S320F)1.28716,thisstudy 22[22-I]c.1207T>C(p.Y403H)2.798UnknownUnknownThisstudy Xidentifiesmutationsthatpredictprematureterminationoftranslation.PolyPhenpredictionwithPSICscoredifferencesbelow1.5definebenignsubstitutions;PSICscoredifferencesencompassing between1.5and2.0(bold)definesubstitutionspossiblydamaging,whereasabove2.0(underlined)definesubstitutionsprobablydamaging. Login to comment

PMID: 20887599 [PubMed] Denk GU et al: "ABCB4 deficiency: A family saga of early onset cholelithiasis, sclerosing cholangitis and cirrhosis and a novel mutation in the ABCB4 gene."

No. Sentence Comment

27 The patient was heterozygous for the mutations c.523A>G and c.3203T>A in the ABCB4 gene on chromosome 7q21.1, resulting in a p.Thr175Ala and a p.Val1068Glu amino acid change of the encoded protein, the hepatic phospholipid translocator MDR3, in accordance with the diagnosis of ABCB4 deficiency. Login to comment
58 The other mutation c.523A>G results in a p.Thr175Ala amino acid change. There is a small physicochemical difference between threonine and glutamic acid (Grantham distance 58 [normal 0-215]). Login to comment

PMID: 19467940 [PubMed] Tomaiuolo R et al: "An MBL2 haplotype and ABCB4 variants modulate the risk of liver disease in cystic fibrosis patients: a multicentre study."

No. Sentence Comment

75 Among them, we observed the already described hypomorphic allele c.523A>G (p.T175A) in heterozygous state in two CF patients with cirrhosis. Login to comment
112 Among these the hypomorphic allele c.523A>G (p.T175A), the most common ABCB4 mutation, segregates with two CF patients with cirrhosis, and is absent in all CF patients without liver disease. Login to comment
114 Indeed, the ABCB4 allele p.T175A has been recently reported as a disease-causing mutation in three subjects with PFIC3 phenotype [24]. Login to comment
115 Further studies on a larger number of patients are needed to establish the role of p.T175A allele in predisposing to liver disease in CF patients. Login to comment
74 Among them, we observed the already described hypomorphic allele c.523A>G (p.T175A) in heterozygous state in two CF patients with cirrhosis. Login to comment
111 Among these the hypomorphic allele c.523A>G (p.T175A), the most common ABCB4 mutation, segregates with two CF patients with cirrhosis, and is absent in all CF patients without liver disease. Login to comment
113 Indeed, the ABCB4 allele p.T175A has been recently reported as a disease-causing mutation in three subjects with PFIC3 phenotype [24]. Login to comment

PMID: 19018976 [PubMed] Nakken KE et al: "ABCB4 sequence variations in young adults with cholesterol gallstone disease."

No. Sentence Comment

62 These were c.337A4G/p.M113L, c.523A4G/p.T175A, c.1584G4 C/ p.E528D, c.1769G4 A/p.R590Q, c.1954A4G/p.R652G and c.3318G4 C/p.Q1106H). Login to comment
78 Six patients and three controls were heterozygous for c.523A4G in exon 6, which changed residue 175 from threonine to alanine (p.T175A). Login to comment
88 Table 1. Summary of patient characteristics having ABCB4 gene variations with possible effects on the ABCB4 protein and the occurrence of these variations in healthy controls Patient (ID) (n = 104) Gender/ethnicity Age Indication for surgery Gallstone Location Nucleotide change Peptide change Status Controls (n = 95) 1-16 Female Exon 16 c.1954A 4 G p.R652G 9 17-22 Female/Norwegian 21 Choledocholithiasis Multiple, 5 mm Exon 6 c.523A 4 G p.T175A heterozygous 3 Female/Iraq 25 Cholecystolithiasis Multiple, 5-10 mm Female/Norwegian 28 Cholecystolithiasis Two, 15 mm Female/African 31 Cholecystitis Multiple, 5 mm1solitary, 20 mm Female/Norwegian 32 Cholecystolithiasis Multiple, 5 mm Female/Norwegian 34 Cholecystolithiasis Multiple, 5-10 mm 23 Female/Norwegian 32 Cholecystolithiasis Two, 20 mm Exon 14 c.1584G 4 C p.E528D heterozygous 0 24-25 Female/Norwegian 23 Cholecystolithiasis Multiple, 5 mm Exon 15 c.1769G 4 A p.R590Q heterozygous 1 Female/Norwegian 37 Cholecystolithiasis Multiple, o 5 mm 26 Female/Norwegian 40 Cholecystitis Solitary, 30 mm Exon 25 c.3136C 4 T p.R1046X heterozygous - 27 Female/Pakistani 30 Cholecystolithiasis Three, 10 mm Exon 13 c.1399_1400 ins10 p.Y467F fsX25 heterozygous - 28 Ã Female/Pakistani 32 Cholecystolithiasis Multiple, o 5 mm Exon 5 c.337A 4 G p.M113L heterozygous 0 Exon 26 c.3318G 4 C p.Q1106H 0 The variation p.R652G, considered to be without functional significance for the ABCB4 product, is shown without patient characteristics (16 patients). Login to comment
94 Grantham values range from 5 to 215; low values ( o 50) indicate chemical similarity and high values ( 4 50) indicate more radical differences) Scoring Systems for Nonsynonymous Variants Amino acid change Grantham Blosum62 SIFT PolyPhen EC/EU p.M113L 15 2 0.17 1.211 EC p.T175A 58 0 0 0.845 EC p.E528D 45 2 0.25 0.617 EC p.R590Q 43 1 0 1.951 EC p.R652G 125 À 2 0.42 1.237 EU p.Q1106H 24 0 0.03 0.185 EC Blosum62 values range from À 4 to13, with negative values indicating less acceptable and positive values indicating more acceptable substitutions. Login to comment
115 Six patients were found to have the variation c.523A 4G (p.T175A), resulting in an allele frequency of 6/208 (2.9%). Login to comment
117 p.T175A has already been detected in a larger cohort of Caucasian volunteers (17, 18). Login to comment

PMID: 18482588 [PubMed] Ziol M et al: "ABCB4 heterozygous gene mutations associated with fibrosing cholestatic liver disease in adults."

No. Sentence Comment

56 As described in Figure 1, 3 (T175A, R590Q, A934T) have been previously described in patients with LPAC or ICP.8,13 Conversely, 5 (R47X, V526F, A539T, R545G, I738L) have not been previously described.20 The frequency of each mutation is indicated in Figure 1. Login to comment
91 Clinical Characteristics at the Time of Liver Biopsy and ABCB4 Heterozygous Point Mutations Identified in 11 Patients With Unexplained Anicteric Cholestasis Case Sex Age Cholelithiasis symptoms (age at the onset) Recurrence of cholelithiasis after cholecystectomy Intrahepatic hyperechogenic foci, sludge, or microlithiasis ICPa or steroid sexual triggered cholestasisb ABCB heterozygous mutation Exon Location and nucleotide changes Amino acid changes 1 F 23 No __ No Yesa Nonsense 4c c. 139CϾT R47X Missense 6 c. 523AϾG T175A 2 F 16 No - No Yesb Nonsense 4c c. 139CϾT R47X Missense 6 c. 523AϾG T175A 3 F 50 No - No No Missense 18c c. 2212AϾC I738L 4 M 53 Yes (53 y) No Yes - Missense 14c c. Login to comment
92 1615GϾA A539T Missense 15 c. 1769GϾA R590Q 5 F 47 No - No No Missense 23 c. Login to comment
57 As described in Figure 1, 3 (T175A, R590Q, A934T) have been previously described in patients with LPAC or ICP.8,13 Conversely, 5 (R47X, V526F, A539T, R545G, I738L) have not been previously described.20 The frequency of each mutation is indicated in Figure 1. Login to comment

PMID: 17562004 [PubMed] Rosmorduc O et al: "Low phospholipid associated cholelithiasis: association with mutation in the MDR3/ABCB4 gene."

No. Sentence Comment

46 To date, two of the missense mutations (Glu528Asp and Thr175Ala) detected in patients with the LPAC syndrome had been analyzed previously in a homolog of ABCB4 (Pgp now called ABCB1) in yeast [13,14]. Login to comment
47 The Thr175Ala mutation was localized in the 1st intracellular loop and resulted in a substitution in a conserved cluster of four amino-acids at position 169-172, required for the adenosine triphosphatase activity of the molecule. Login to comment
53 It should be noted that the two unrelated patients in whom the Thr175Ala mutation was identified originated from Northern Europe, so they may have inherited a founder mutation from a shared ancestor. Login to comment

PMID: 16622704 [PubMed] Oude Elferink RP et al: "Function and pathophysiological importance of ABCB4 (MDR3 P-glycoprotein)."

No. Sentence Comment

141 Canalicular lipid transport defects can cause gallstone formation Cholesterol supersaturation of bile, which occurs in a large proportion of humans, leads to the formation of cholesterol Walker B; L556R 571del Truncation PFIC3 LPAC ICP 27 splice Truncation 132 del Truncation TM 2; W138R TM 12; 981 del Truncation Linker; Q636X Truncation TM 11; R957X Truncation TM 6; S346I E395G Walker B; I541F TM 12; G983S Walker A; V425M Walker A; T424A Walker B; D564G TM 7; F711S 180 del truncation 336 delT truncation Exon 22-23 del truncation F165I T175A TM 5; M301T TM 5; S320F 336 insT truncation Walker A; 432 insA truncation E528D L591Q W658stop 757 insT R788E A934T P1161S TM 5; S320F TM 8; G762ER144X Walker B; A546D Walker B; G535AALL 96 del Truncation Walker B; L556R 571del Truncation PFIC3 LPAC ICP 27 splice Truncation 132 del Truncation TM 2; W138R TM 12; 981 del Truncation Linker; Q636X Truncation TM 11; R957X Truncation TM 6; S346I E395G Walker B; I541F TM 12; G983S Walker A; V425M Walker A; T424A Walker B; D564G TM 7; F711S 180 del truncation 336 delT truncation Exon 22-23 del truncation F165I T175A TM 5; M301T TM 5; S320F 336 insT truncation Walker A; 432 insA truncation E528D L591Q W658stop 757 insT R788E A934T P1161S TM 5; S320F TM 8; G762ER144X Walker B; A546D Walker B; G535AALL 96 del Truncation Fig. 3 Summary of the known mutations and their localization in the protein, as identified in patients with PFIC type 3, LPAC syndrome (intrahepatic gallstone formation), and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). Login to comment

PMID: 12891548 [PubMed] Rosmorduc O et al: "ABCB4 gene mutation-associated cholelithiasis in adults."

No. Sentence Comment

68 ABCB4 Gene Mutations in Patients With LPAC Syndrome Gene position Location and nucleotide change Peptide change Protein domain Status 6 495T3A Phe165Ile First intracellular loop Heterozygous 523T3C Thr175Ala between TM2 and TM3 Heterozygous 9 902T3C Met301Thr TM5 Heterozygous 959C3T Ser320Phe TM5 Homozygous 10 1007-1015insT 355Stop TM6 Heterozygous 1007-1015delT 341Stop TM6 Heterozygous 12 1327insA 447Stop Close to NBD11 Heterozygous 14 1584G3C Glu528Asp Close to NBD11 Heterozygous 15 1772T3A Leu591Gln Third intracellular loop Homozygous 17 1973G3A Try658Stop Third intracellular loop linker domain Heterozygous 18 2270-2273insT 793Stop Fourth intracellular loop between TM8 and TM9 Heterozygous 19 2363G3T Arg788Glu Fourth intracellular loop between TM8 and TM9 Heterozygous 23 2800G3T Ala934Thr Fifth intracellular loop between TM10 and TM11 Homozygous 26 3481C3T Pro1161Ser Close to NBD2 Heterozygous NOTE. The A of ATG of the initiator Met codon was denoted as "nucleotide ϩ 1." Login to comment
96 Two of the missense mutations (Thr175Ala and Glu528Asp) detected in the patients with the LPAC syndrome were analyzed previously in yeast.23,24 The Thr175Ala mutation was localized in the first intracellular loop and resulted in a substitution in a conserved cluster of 4 amino acids at position 169-172, which is required for the adenosine triphosphatase activity of the molecule. Login to comment
102 The 2 unrelated patients in whom the Thr175Ala mutation was identified originated from Northern Europe, so they may have inherited a founder mutation from a shared ancestor. Login to comment

PMID: 23022423 [PubMed] Anzivino C et al: "ABCB4 and ABCB11 mutations in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in an Italian population."

No. Sentence Comment

69 The p.L73V, the p.T175A and the p.N510S were previously described in literature [12,24]. Login to comment
101 Nucleotide change and effect on protein Location PSIC scores by PolyPhen-2 analysis Reference 1 c.217 C > G (p. L73V) Exon 4 0.489 [12] 2 c.523 A > G (p.T175A) Exon 6 0.774 [12] 3 c.1529 A > G (p.N510S) Exon 13 2.075 [24] 4 c.1758 1759 ins G (p.I587DfsX603) Exon 15 X This study 5 c.2211(+1) G > T (p.I738LfsX744) 5 Intron 17 X This study ABCB11 mutations 6 c.403 G > A (p.E135K) Exon 6 0.502 [26] 7 c.852 T > A (p.V284D) Exon 9 2.175 This study 8 c.1445 A > G (p.D482G) Exon 14 1.364 [26-28] 9 c.1674 G > C (p.Q558H) Exon 15 1.383 This study 10 c.2093 G > A (p.R698H) Exon 18 0.821 [12,25] 11 c.2191 C > T (p. P731S) Exon 19 0.851 This study New mutations are shown in bold. Login to comment
127 The first novel mutation detected on the ABCB4 gene is a frameshift mutation (p.I587DfsX603) and predicts the formation of Table 3 Clinical details of patients with ABCB4 mutations. Parameters Patient 1 L73V Patient 2 T175A Patient 3 N510S Patient 4 I587DfsX603 Patient 5 I738LfsX744 Onset of pruritus 3rd trimester 3rd trimester 3rd trimester 3rd trimester 2nd trimester Parity 3 2 2 2 1 Previous ICP Yes No Yes Yes Yes Peak of AST (U/L) 82 79 133 204 43 Peak of ALT (U/L) 123 156 238 382 76 Peak of Bilirubin (mg/dL) 0.14 0.81 Nd 2.8 2.07 Peak of GGT (U/L) 6 25 Nd 67 54 Total bile acids (òe;mol/L) 28.7 41 128 Nd 114.5 Delivery Caesarean section (37w+5 )a Caesarean section (36w)a Caesarean section (39w)a Caesarean section (32w)a Caesarean section (33w+4 )a Cholelithiasis No No No Yes No UDCA therapy Yes No No No Yes AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; GGT: ॹ-glutamyl transpeptidase; Nd: not determined. a Caesarean section due to pregnancy complications related to ICP (foetal distress and/or intolerable pruritus and/or persistent elevation of AST and ALT). Login to comment
70 The p.L73V, the p.T175A and the p.N510S were previously described in literature [12,24]. Login to comment
102 Nucleotide change and effect on protein Location PSIC scores by PolyPhen-2 analysis Reference 1 c.217 C > G (p. L73V) Exon 4 0.489 [12] 2 c.523 A > G (p.T175A) Exon 6 0.774 [12] 3 c.1529 A > G (p.N510S) Exon 13 2.075 [24] 4 c.1758 1759 ins G (p.I587DfsX603) Exon 15 X This study 5 c.2211(+1) G > T (p.I738LfsX744) 5 Intron 17 X This study ABCB11 mutations 6 c.403 G > A (p.E135K) Exon 6 0.502 [26] 7 c.852 T > A (p.V284D) Exon 9 2.175 This study 8 c.1445 A > G (p.D482G) Exon 14 1.364 [26-28] 9 c.1674 G > C (p.Q558H) Exon 15 1.383 This study 10 c.2093 G > A (p.R698H) Exon 18 0.821 [12,25] 11 c.2191 C > T (p. P731S) Exon 19 0.851 This study New mutations are shown in bold. Login to comment
128 The first novel mutation detected on the ABCB4 gene is a frameshift mutation (p.I587DfsX603) and predicts the formation of Table 3 Clinical details of patients with ABCB4 mutations. Parameters Patient 1 L73V Patient 2 T175A Patient 3 N510S Patient 4 I587DfsX603 Patient 5 I738LfsX744 Onset of pruritus 3rd trimester 3rd trimester 3rd trimester 3rd trimester 2nd trimester Parity 3 2 2 2 1 Previous ICP Yes No Yes Yes Yes Peak of AST (U/L) 82 79 133 204 43 Peak of ALT (U/L) 123 156 238 382 76 Peak of Bilirubin (mg/dL) 0.14 0.81 Nd 2.8 2.07 Peak of GGT (U/L) 6 25 Nd 67 54 Total bile acids (òe;mol/L) 28.7 41 128 Nd 114.5 Delivery Caesarean section (37w+5 )a Caesarean section (36w)a Caesarean section (39w)a Caesarean section (32w)a Caesarean section (33w+4 )a Cholelithiasis No No No Yes No UDCA therapy Yes No No No Yes AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; GGT: ॹ-glutamyl transpeptidase; Nd: not determined. a Caesarean section due to pregnancy complications related to ICP (foetal distress and/or intolerable pruritus and/or persistent elevation of AST and ALT). Login to comment

PMID: 24914347 [PubMed] Jirsa M et al: "ABCB4 mutations underlie hormonal cholestasis but not pediatric idiopathic gallstones."

No. Sentence Comment

26 In our previous study[10] we focused on the role of the common variants c.523A>G (p.Thr175Ala) and c.1954A>G (p.Arg652Gly) in ABCB4, c.1331T>C (p.Val444Ala) in ABCB11 and c.55 G>C (p.Asp19His) in ABCG8 in pediatric gallstone disease. Login to comment
80 Families with suspect LPAC Two of the five probands carried a single heterozygous nonsense mutation, two were heterozygotes for the missense mutation c.523A>G (p.Thr175Ala, rs58238559), and one was a compound heterozygote for the same missense mutation (c.523A>G) and for the frameshift mutation c.1371delG (p.Gln458Argfs*7) (Figure 2). Login to comment
82 While the number of patients was too low to make the result fully convincing, this observation suggests that p.Thr175Ala at least confers susceptibility to hepatobiliary disease. Login to comment
89 This indicates that the null mutations in familiesߙIߙ- III and even the missense mutation leading to p.Thr175Ala in families IV and ࡴ all are likely sufficient in a heterozygous state to promote the LPAC phenotype. Login to comment
99 Interestingly, the ABCB4 variation c.523A>G (p. Thr175Ala), found in three index patients with LPAC, Patient. Login to comment
107 The substitution p.Thr175Ala, predicted uniformly to impair protein function by SIFT, PMut, PolyPhen-2 and MutationTaster is thus considered a disease-associated mutation[3] with incomplete penetrance. Login to comment
125 His DNA sample was not available for analysis; however, he is most likely a heterozygous carrier of c.523A>G (p.Thr175Ala) as depicted. Login to comment
128 c.1331T|T c.55G|G c.1331T|T c.55G|G c.1331T|T c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|C c.1331T|C c.55C|C c.1331T|C c.55G|C c.1331T|T c.55G|C I II III IV ࡴ n.a. n.a. p.Ser1203X F1-1 F2-1 F1-1 n.a. F3-1 F3-2 F1-2 F2-1 p.Thr175Ala p.Gln458Argfs*7 LPAC phenotype p.Thr175Ala p.Thr175Ala p.Glu501X young adults[26] , together with the decreased biliary secretion rate of phosphatidylcholine in carriers of mutations in ABCB4, shifts the cholesterol-solubility equilibrium to the borderline. Login to comment
132 In contrast, two patients heterozygous for the missense MDR3 variant p.Thr175Ala tolerated long-term administration of oral contraceptives after cholecystectomy without apparent worsening in hepatobiliary disease. Login to comment
25 In our previous study[10] we focused on the role of the common variants c.523A>G (p.Thr175Ala) and c.1954A>G (p.Arg652Gly) in ABCB4, c.1331T>C (p.Val444Ala) in ABCB11 and c.55 G>C (p.Asp19His) in ABCG8 in pediatric gallstone disease. Login to comment
79 Families with suspect LPAC Two of the five probands carried a single heterozygous nonsense mutation, two were heterozygotes for the missense mutation c.523A>G (p.Thr175Ala, rs58238559), and one was a compound heterozygote for the same missense mutation (c.523A>G) and for the frameshift mutation c.1371delG (p.Gln458Argfs*7) (Figure 2). Login to comment
81 While the number of patients was too low to make the result fully convincing, this observation suggests that p.Thr175Ala at least confers susceptibility to hepatobiliary disease. Login to comment
88 This indicates that the null mutations in familiesߙIߙ- III and even the missense mutation leading to p.Thr175Ala in families IV and ࡴ all are likely sufficient in a heterozygous state to promote the LPAC phenotype. Login to comment
98 Interestingly, the ABCB4 variation c.523A>G (p. Thr175Ala), found in three index patients with LPAC, Patient. Login to comment
106 The substitution p.Thr175Ala, predicted uniformly to impair protein function by SIFT, PMut, PolyPhen-2 and MutationTaster is thus considered a disease-associated mutation[3] with incomplete penetrance. Login to comment
124 His DNA sample was not available for analysis; however, he is most likely a heterozygous carrier of c.523A>G (p.Thr175Ala) as depicted. Login to comment
127 c.1331T|T c.55G|G c.1331T|T c.55G|G c.1331T|T c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331C|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|G c.1331T|C c.55G|C c.1331T|C c.55C|C c.1331T|C c.55G|C c.1331T|T c.55G|C I II III IV ࡴ n.a. n.a. p.Ser1203X F1-1 F2-1 F1-1 n.a. F3-1 F3-2 F1-2 F2-1 p.Thr175Ala p.Gln458Argfs*7 LPAC phenotype p.Thr175Ala p.Thr175Ala p.Glu501X young adults[26] , together with the decreased biliary secretion rate of phosphatidylcholine in carriers of mutations in ABCB4, shifts the cholesterol-solubility equilibrium to the borderline. Login to comment
131 In contrast, two patients heterozygous for the missense MDR3 variant p.Thr175Ala tolerated long-term administration of oral contraceptives after cholecystectomy without apparent worsening in hepatobiliary disease. Login to comment

PMID: 25888430 [PubMed] Maciag A et al: "Exome sequencing of a family with lone, autosomal dominant atrial flutter identifies a rare variation in ABCB4 significantly enriched in cases."

No. Sentence Comment

62 The rs58238559 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is located in the ABCB4 gene on chr7:87082273, and determines the nucleotide variation A599G (NM_000443.3) (Figure 2), producing the amino acid change Thr175Ala (NP_000434.1). Login to comment
65 Taken together, the above data leads to the speculation that ABCB4 variants at position 175 produce a modest genetic predisposition for gallbladder disease, whereas Thr175Ala produces a familial autosomal form of lone AFL. Login to comment
73 With respect to the rest of the cohort, individuals with the Thr175Ala amino acid change in ABCB4 have a 3.75-fold increase in the probability of developing atrial fibrillation/ flutter. Login to comment
82 The present study of a family with a strong clustering of AFL-affected members has found that the rs58238559 SNP in ABCB4, which produces a Thr175Ala amino acid change, is associated with AFL/AF. Login to comment
61 The rs58238559 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is located in the ABCB4 gene on chr7:87082273, and determines the nucleotide variation A599G (NM_000443.3) (Figure 2), producing the amino acid change Thr175Ala (NP_000434.1). Login to comment
64 Taken together, the above data leads to the speculation that ABCB4 variants at position 175 produce a modest genetic predisposition for gallbladder disease, whereas Thr175Ala produces a familial autosomal form of lone AFL. Login to comment
72 With respect to the rest of the cohort, individuals with the Thr175Ala amino acid change in ABCB4 have a 3.75-fold increase in the probability of developing atrial fibrillation/ flutter. Login to comment
81 The present study of a family with a strong clustering of AFL-affected members has found that the rs58238559 SNP in ABCB4, which produces a Thr175Ala amino acid change, is associated with AFL/AF. Login to comment

PMID: 26324191 [PubMed] Degiorgio D et al: "ABCB4 mutations in adult patients with cholestatic liver disease: impact and phenotypic expression."

No. Sentence Comment

72 CCP chronic cholestatic profile, NCCP patients without chronic cholestatic profile, PBC primary biliary cirrhosis, PSC primary sclerosing cholangitis, ICP intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, JC juvenile cholelithiasis, AIH autoimmune hepatitis, OS overlap syndrome between AIH and PBC or PSC, ICC idiopathic chronic cholestasis; a with (n = 14) or without (n = 23) other cholangiopathies in the personal/family history (see ''Methods``), b with (n = 9) or without (n = 15) other cholangiopathies in the personal/family history (see ''Methods``), c with (n = 2) or without (n = 2) other cholangiopathies in the personal/family history (see ''Methods``) Table 1 Heterozygous nucleotide changes within the ABCB4 gene identified in 18 adult patients with cholangiopathies and predicted impact on MDR3 Nucleotide changea Involved regions Type of mutation Mutant protein Location on the protein Degree of conservationb Reference genotypesc c.217C[G Exon 4 Missense p.(L73V) TM1 B 7, 21 c.475C[T Exon 6 Non-sense p.(R159X) ICD1 X 8, 14 c.523A[G Exon 6 Missense p.(T175A) ICD1 B 18, 21, 8, 25, 14 c.959C[T Exon 9 Missense p.(S320F) TM5 B 18, 8, 14 c.1529A[G Exon 13 Missense p.(N510S) N-ter NBD B 14 c.1531G[A Exon 13 Missense p.(A511T) N-ter NBD A 8, 14 c.1633C[T Exon 14 Missense p.(R545C) N-ter NBD A 21 c.1769G[A Exon 15 Missense p.(R590Q) N-ter NBD A 8, 13, 14, 25 c.1846G[A Exon 15 Missense p.(E616K) N-ter NBD A This study (JN392435) c.1901G[A Exon 16 Missense p.G634E Linker region B This study (JN392436) c.2431G[C Exon 20 Missense p.(G811R) ICD4 A This study (JN392437) c.2544_2548delATCAT Exon 21 Frameshift p.(S849YfsX24) TM9 X This study (JN392438) c.2576T[G Exon 21 Missense p.(L859W) TM10 B This study (JN392439) c.2844G[C Exon 23 Missense p.(M948I) TM11 B This study (JN392440) c.3541C[T Exon 27 Non-sense p.(Q1181X) C-ter NBD X This study (JN392441) TM transmembrane domain, ICD intracellular domain, N-ter NBD N-terminal nucleotide binding domain, C-ter NBD C-terminal nucleotide binding domain a The mutations were numbered according to GenBank NM_018849 and NP_061337. Login to comment
76 A second group of seven mutations is ascribed to type B [p.(L73V), p.(T175A), p.(N510S), p.(G634E), p.(L859W), and p.(M948I); and p.(S320F)] (Figs. 2, 3, residues in blue). Login to comment
81 L73V T175A S320F N510S A511T R590Q E616K R545C G634E G811R L859W M948I ...69_SGLPLMMIV_77... ...69_SGLPLMMIV_77... ...66_SGLPLMMIV_74... ...66_SGLPLMMIV_74... ...69_SGLPLMMIV_77... ...69_SGLPLMMIV_77... ...67_SGLPLMMIV_75..... ...63_AGLPLMMLV_71... ...92_LGFPIMTIL_100.. ...59_MSEPLMTVV_67... ...77_GFAMPALTI_85... ...79_ASFPIMSIL_87... ..107_LGMPLMSLV_115.. ...89_AGLPLMSIL_97... ...39_ASDTFMLSL_47... ...39_ASDTFMLSL_47... ...39_AADTYMISL_47... ...28_GIPMLIPLL_36... 171_TELNTRLTD_179... 171_TELNTRLTD_179... 168_TELNTRLTD_176... 168_TELNTRLTD_176... 171_TELNTRLTD_179... 171_TELNTRLTD_179... 169_TELNTRLTD_177... 169_GELNTRLTD_177... 180_GEVVGRMSG_188... 146_GEAASRISA_154.. 164_GEVVGRMSG_172.. 167_GEVVGRMSG_175.. 197_GEITTRITT_205.. 193_GTLATKLFD_201.. 122_GTLLSRITY_130... 122_GTLLSRITY_130... 122_GGLLSRITY_130... 118_GQVISRVIN_126... 586_VIAHRLSTV_594... 586_VIAHRLSTV_594... 583_VIAHRLSTI_591... 583_VIAHRLSTV_591... 586_VIAHRLSTI_594... 586_VIAHRLSTI_594... 584_VIAHRLSTI_592... 584_VIAHRLSTV_592... 595_VVAHRLSTV_603... 561_IVAHRLSTI_569... 579_VIAHRLTTI_587... 582_IVAHRLSTV_590... 621_VIAHRLSTI_629... 608_IIAHRLSTI_616... 534_VIAHRLSTI_542... 534_VIAHRLSTI_542... 534_VIAHRLSTI_542... 531_IVAHRLSTI_539... 316_FWYGSTLVI_324... 316_FWYGSTLVI_324... 313_FWYGSTLVI_321... 313_FWYGSTLVI_321... 316_FWYGSTLVI_324... 316_FWYGSTLVI_324... 314_FWYGSTLVI_322... 314_FWYGTTLVL_322... 325_VWYGGKMIL_333... 291_FWYGAKLVI_299... 309_LWYGSKLVL_317... 312_IWFGGKMIL_320... 342_FWEGGRLLH_350... 338_FYIGVGWVH_346... 267_LYAASFPSV_275... 267_LYAASFPSV_275... 267_LFLASVDSI_275... 263 IGVGAYLAI 271... 506_VKEANAYEFI_515... 506_VKEANAYEFI_515... 503_VKEANAYDFI_512... 503_VKEANAYDFI_512... 506_VKEANAYEFI_515... 504_VKEANAYEFI_513... 504_VKDANAYEFI_513... 504_VKEANAYDFI_513... 515_TELANASKFI_524... 481_AELANAANFI_490... 499_AYLANAARFI_508... 502_TELANAAKFI_511... 541_AKLANAYDFI_550... 528_CKMANAEKFI_537... 454_ARMAYAMDFI_463... 454_ARMAYAMDFI_463... 454_ARQAHAMEFI_463... 451_AKMANAHDFI_460... 541_IAIARALVR_549... 541_IAIARALVR_549... 538_IAIARALVR_546... 538_IAIARALVR_546... 541_IAIARALVR_549... 541_IAIARALVR_549... 539_IAIARALVR_547... 539_IAIARALVR_547... 550_IAVARAILK_558... 516_IAIARAILK_524... 534_VAIARAILK_542... 537_IAIARAILK_545... 576_IAIARAVIS_584... 563_IAIARALVR_571... 489_IAIARALLR_497... 489_IAIARALLR_497... 489_VAIARALLR_497... 486_LSIARIFLN_494... ...612_GSHSELMKK_620... ...612_GSHSELMKK_620... ...609_GSHSELMKK_617... ...609_GSHSELIKK_617... ...612_GSHGELMKK_620... ...612_GNHRELMKK_620... ...610_GSHNELMKK_618... ...610_GNHDELMKE_618... ...621_GSHSELLRD_629... ...587_GSHDELIKD_595... ...605_GTHFDLVQR_613... ...608_GSHSELLKD_616... ...647_GSHNELLDL_655... ...634_GDHRALMAQ_642... ...560_GTHNDLLEH_568... ...560_GTHSELLAQ_568... ...560_GRHADLLAQ_568... ...557_GTHRELIAK_565... 630_MQTSGSQIQ_638... 630_MQTSGSQIQ_638... 627_MQTAGSQIL_635... 627_MQTSGSQIL_635... 630_TQISGSQIQ_638... 630_MQTSGNQTQ_638... 628_MQTSGNQIQ_636... 628_MQTAGNEVE_636... 640_LQEDTKQTE_648... 620_SEVSTSRLK_628... 624_LQEMHQPPP_632... 627_LQEVNKESK_635... 666_QKLSGGEKD_674... 652_AQTFTDAVD_660... 578_MQFGQ----_582... 578_MQFGQ----_582... 578_IQFGE----_582... 575_IQNL-----_578... 807_KNSTGALST_815... 807_KNSTGALST_815... 804_KNSTGALST_812... 806_KNSTGALST_814... 804_KNSTGALST_812... 809_KNSTGALST_817... 806_KNSTGALST_814... 808_KNTTGALTT_816... 825_ENSSGAIGA_833... 797_SHSSGSLGA_805... 835_ENSSGALGA_843... 822_EHSSGAIGA_830... 891_ENTVGAITT_899... 849_QNASGKIST_857... 118_KQSTGTLLS_126... 118_KQSTGTLLS_126... 118_QESTGGLLS_126... 114_NNQVGQVIS_122... 855_QLTLLLLAV_863.... 855_QLTLLLLAV_863.... 852_QLTLLLLSV_860.... 854_QLTLLLLSV_862.... 852_QLTLLLLSV_860.... 857_QLTLLLLVV_865.... 854_QLTLLLLSV_862.... 856_QLTLLLLAI_864.... 873_QLAFIVLAM_881.... 845_KLTLTIMCP_853.... 883_QLALLVLAL_891.... 870_QLALVILVL_878.... 939_KLGLVTLST_947... 897_QMALLIIAI_905.... 166_QLSIILIVL_174.... 166_QLSIILVVL_174.... 166_QLSLVLIVV_174.... 162_KLTLAALFI_170.... 944_SQAFMYFSY_952... 944_SQAFMYFSY_952... 941_SQAFMYFSY_949... 943_SQAFMYFSY_951... 941_SQAFMYFSY_949... 946_SQAFMYFSY_954... 943_SQAFMYFSY_951... 945_TQAMMYFSY_953... 962_SFFVLFSSY_970... 940_SYLMVYLTY_948... 972_SNFVLFGSY_980... 959_SFFLLFSVY_967... 1028_AQGVTFLIN_1036.. 986_ASSVLYLLN_994... 255_IQLIASLAL_263... 255_IQLIASLAL_263... 255_IQMIASLAL_263... 251_INTVTDIGP_259... Hs_MDR3 Pt_MDR3 Mm_MDR3 Rn_MDR3 Bt_MDR3 Cf_MDR3 Md_MDR3 Hs_MDR1 At_MDR Os_MDR Sm_MDR Ptr_MDR Sp_MDR Ce_P-gly Esch-coli_Msba Salm-typh_Msba Vibrio-ch_Msba Staph-au_Sav1866 Hs_MDR3 Pt_MDR3 Mm_MDR3 Rn_MDR3 Bt_MDR3 Cf_MDR3 Md_MDR3 Hs_MDR1 At_MDR Os_MDR Sm_MDR Ptr_MDR Sp_MDR Ce_P-gly Esch-coli_Msba Salm-typh_Msba Vibrio-ch_Msba Staph-au_Sav1866 Fig. 2 Multiple sequence alignment of 18 ABC proteins concerning the amino acid sequences around the 12 ABCB4 missense mutations identified in this study. Login to comment
99 When the 19 patients affected by PBC, AIH, or OS, in whom PFH-CLD was among the enrollment criteria, were excluded from the analysis, the S320F L859W L73V M948I N-ter T175A G811R R545C A511T N510S R590Q E616K G634E C-ter Fig. 3 Ribbon representation of the three-dimensional structure of human MDR3. Login to comment
141 p.(S320F) Yes JC/HIC 16 F PSC 55 p.(R590Q) Yes 7 M ICC 16 p.(R545C) Yes JC Father of patient 72 18a,b M ICC 34 p.(S849YfsX24) Yes JC Family history of JC 49 F ICC 32 p.(G811R) Yes ICP/JC Family history of JC 72 F ICC 12 p.(R545C) Yes ICP/JC Daughter of patient 72 68 F PBC 31 p.(T175A) No ICP 73a F PBC 58 p.(R590Q) Yes JC 75 F PBC 64 p.(L73V) No JC 38 M JC 18 p.(S320F) No 55 M JC 26 p.(Q1181X) Yes 81 F JC 39 p.(R590Q) ? Login to comment