ABCMdb

ABCC2 p.Asp333Gly

Predicted by SNAP2:	A: D (95%), C: D (95%), E: D (95%), F: D (95%), G: D (95%), H: D (95%), I: D (95%), K: D (95%), L: D (95%), M: D (95%), N: D (95%), P: D (95%), Q: D (95%), R: D (95%), S: D (91%), T: D (95%), V: D (95%), W: D (95%), Y: D (95%),
Predicted by PROVEAN:	A: D, C: D, E: D, F: D, G: D, H: D, I: D, K: D, L: D, M: D, N: D, P: D, Q: D, R: D, S: D, T: D, V: D, W: D, Y: D,

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[hide] Pharmacogenomics of MRP transporters (ABCC1-5) and... Drug Metab Rev. 2008;40(2):317-54. Gradhand U, Kim RB
Pharmacogenomics of MRP transporters (ABCC1-5) and BCRP (ABCG2).
Drug Metab Rev. 2008;40(2):317-54., [PMID:18464048]

Abstract [show]
Elucidation of the key mechanisms that confer interindividual differences in drug response remains an important focus of drug disposition and clinical pharmacology research. We now know both environmental and host genetic factors contribute to the apparent variability in drug efficacy or in some cases, toxicity. In addition to the widely studied and recognized genes involved in the metabolism of drugs in clinical use today, we now recognize that membrane-bound proteins, broadly referred to as transporters, may be equally as important to the disposition of a substrate drug, and that genetic variation in drug transporter genes may be a major contributor of the apparent intersubject variation in drug response, both in terms of attained plasma and tissue drug level at target sites of action. Of particular relevance to drug disposition are members of the ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily of efflux transporters. In this review a comprehensive assessment and annotation of recent findings in relation to genetic variation in the Multidrug Resistance Proteins 1-5 (ABCC1-5) and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (ABCG2) are described, with particular emphasis on the impact of such transporter genetic variation to drug disposition or efficacy.

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101 Several molecular defects in MRP2 have been suggested to result in DJS including those which produce deficient protein maturation (Hashimoto et al., 2002; Keitel et al., 2003), proteasomal degradation (Keitel, 2003), impaired membrane sorting (Hashimoto et al., 2002; Mor-Cohen et al., 2001), loss in transport activity (Mor-Cohen et al., 2001), Figure 2 Predicted membrance topology of MRP2 (ABCC2) based on hydrophobicity analysis. Locations of the non-synonymous polymorphisms are indicated with arrows. See Table 2 for allele frequencies and description of funtional consequences. NH2 COOH NBD NBD in out Membrane Pro19Leu Phe39Tyr Arg100* Arg100Gln Ser281Asn Ser325* Asp333Gly Arg353His Arg412Gly Val417Ile Lys430Arg Thr486Ile Gly676Arg Trp709Arg Asn718Ser Ser789Phe Arg768Trp Asp833Asn Glu893Gln Leu927Arg Lys961Arg Tyr967* Phe981Leu Gln1019His Arg1066* Arg1150His Arg1100Cys Arg1100His Ile1137Phe Ile1173Phe Val1188Glu Arg1174His Arg1181Leu Asn1244Lys Thr1273Ala Pro1291Leu Lys1299Gln Arg1310* Ser1367Cys Gln1382Arg Arg1392del Met1393del Ala1450Thr Thr1476Met Cys1515Tyr MRP2 (ABCC2) NBD NBD Asp833Asn Glu893Gln Leu927Arg Lys961Arg Tyr967* NBD NBDNBD Asp833Asn Glu893Gln Leu927Arg Lys961Arg Tyr967* 325 Table2MRP2(ABCC2)singlenucleotidepolymorphisms.Location,allelefrequencyandfunctionaleffects. Positionin codingsequence Amino acidexchangeLocation Allelefrequency EffectNCBIIDReferenceAfCaJpothers 56C>TPro19LeuExon2--1[1]b -- 116T>APhe39TyrExon2--0[2]--rs927344 298C>TArg100*Exon3--[3]-DJS[3] 299G>AArg100GlnExon3--1[1]b -- 842G>ASer281AsnExon7-0[4]1[1]b -- 974C>GSer325*Exon8---Malayan[5]DJS[5] 998A>GAsp333GlyExon8--0[2]--rs17222674 1058G>AArg353HisExon9--0[2]--rs7080681 1271A>GArg412GlyExon10-[6]0[2]-DJS;Decreaseinmethotrexateelimination[6] 1249G>AVal417IleExon10-22[7]13[9]-lowermRNAand(protein)expressioninpreterm placenta[11] rs2273697 26[8]16[4]noeffectonRNAandproteinininduodenum[12] 19[10]noeffectonproteininliver[8] noeffectonconjugatedbilirubinlevelinserum[13] changesinlocalizationinneuroepithelialtumors[14] possibleassociationwithtenofovir-inducedrenal proximaltubulopathy[15] 1289A>GLys430ArgExon10-4[16]0[2]-- 1457C>TThr486IleExon10-0[4]3[1]b -- 2026G>CGly676Arg--0[2]-DJS[17] 2125T>CTrp709Arg--0[2]-DJS[17] 2153A>GAsn718SerExon17-0[4]0[2]--rs3740072 2302C>TArg768TrpExon18-0[18]1[9]-DJS;deficientmaturationandimpairedsorting[19] 2366C>TSer789PheExon18-0[18]1[9]-lowerexpressionandmembranelocalization[20] noeffectonconjugatedbilirubinlevelinserum[13]/ heterozygous 2647G>AAsp883AsnExon20--1[1]b -- 2677G>CGlu893GlnExon20--0[2]--rs3740071 2780T>GLeu927ArgExon21-1[10]0[2]-- (Continued) Table2(Continued) Positionin codingsequence Aminoacid exchangeLocation Allelefrequency EffectNCBIIDReferenceAfCaJpothers 2882A>GLys961ArgExon21--1[1]b --- 2901C>ATyr967*Exon22--0[2]--rs17222547 2943C>GPhe981LeuExon22-2[21]0[2]-Noinfluenceonpravastatinkinetics[21] 3057G>TGln1019HisExon22--1[1]b -- 3196C>TArg1066*Exon23-[22]0[2]-DJS;truncatedprotein[22][23] 3298C>TArg1100CysExon24-1[10]0[2]-- 3299G>AArg1100HisExon24-1[10]0[2]-- 3449G>AArg1150HisExon25--0[2]Israeli[24]DJS;impairedtransportactivityintransfectedcells althoughnormalexpressionandlocalization[24] 3517A>TIle1173PheExon25--0[2]Israeli[24]DJS;impairedproteinmaturationandproteasomal degradation[25] lowexpression,mislocation,andimpairedtransport activityintransfectedcells[24] 3521G>AArg1174HisExon25-0[4]1[1]b -- 3542G>TArg1181LeuExon25-0[4]0[2]--rs8187692 3563T>AVal1188GluExon25-7[4]1[1]b -noeffectonnelfinaviraccumulationinPBMC[4],rs17222723 4[16]associatedwithanthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity[26] 6[8] 3732C>TAsn1244LysExon26--0[1]b -- 0[2] 3817A>GThr1273AlaExon27--0[2]--rs8187699 3872C>TPro1291LeuExon28--0[2]--rs17216317 3897A>CLys1299GlnExon28--0[2]--rs4148400 3928C>TArg1310*Exon28--0[2]-DJS[17,27] 4100C>GSer1367CysExon29--1[1]b -- 4145A>GGln1382ArgExon29--[28]-DJS;noeffectonmaturationorsorting,impaired substrate-inducedATPhydrolysis[19] 4175-80delArg1392delExon30--0[2]-DJS;deficientMRP2maturationandimpaired sortingtoapicalmembraneintransfectedcells[29] 327 4348G>AAla11450ThrExon31-0[18]1[9]-lowerexperssionandmembracelocalizationin transfectedcells[20] 4461C>TThr1476MetExon31-[30]1[2]-- 4544G>ACys1515TyrExon32-9[4]1[1]b -noeffectonnelfinaviraccumulationinPBMC[4]rs8187710 5[10]associatedwithanthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity[26] 4[16] 6[8] ReferencewithoutfrequencymeansthatSNPwasdetectedbutnofrequencydetermined. Login to comment

[hide] Pharmacogenetics of intestinal absorption. Curr Drug Deliv. 2008 Jul;5(3):153-69. Nakamura T, Yamamori M, Sakaeda T
Pharmacogenetics of intestinal absorption.
Curr Drug Deliv. 2008 Jul;5(3):153-69., [PMID:18673259]

Abstract [show]
The small intestine is the primary site of absorption for many drugs administered orally and so is the target tissue for pharmacotherapeutic strategies to control the oral absorption of drugs. Drug transporters, including the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily and the solute carrier (SLC) superfamily, have been considered to play a physiological role in regulating the absorption of xenobiotics, and variations in their expression level and function in the small intestine cause intra- and inter-individual variation in the oral absorption of drugs. Recent advances in molecular biology have suggested that genetic polymorphisms are associated with the expression level and function, and thereby inter-individual variation. In this review, the pharmacogenetics of these transporters is summarized, and their future significance in the clinical setting is discussed.

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83 In Vitro Studies Associated with Common SNPs of Drug Transporter Genes Exon Polymorphism Effect dbSNP Cell Expression Function Reference ABCC2 Exon 1 -24C>T 5`-UTR rs717620 116A>T Tyr2Phe rs927344Exon 2 159A>G synonymous rs17222596 Exon 7 736A>C Met246Leu rs17222744 Exon 8 998A>G Asp333Gly rs17222674 Exon 9 1058G>A Arg353His rs7080681 1219C>T synonymous rs17216198 1249G>A Val417Ile rs2273697 LLC-PK1 Protein (n.s.) Membrane localization (n.s.) Transport activity (n.s.) Hirouchi et al. [51] 1434G>T synonymous 1434G>A synonymous rs4267009 Exon 10 1457C>T Thr486Ile rs17222589 Exon 11 1483A>G Lys495Glu rs17222561 Exon 13 1686T>G Phe562Leu rs17216233 2009T>C Ile670Thr rs17222632Exon 16 2073C>A synonymous rs17222624 Exon 17 2153A>G Asn718Ser rs3740072 Exon 19 2546T>G Leu849Arg rs17222617 Exon 20 2677G>C Glu893Gln rs3740071 2901C>A Tyr967stop rs17222547 2934G>A synonymous rs3740070 Exon 22 2944A>G Ile982Val rs17222554 3107T>C Ile1036Thr rs17216149Exon 23 3188A>G Asn1063Ser rs17222540 Exon 24 3396T>C synonymous rs17216345 3542G>T Arg1181Leu rs8187692 3561G>A synonymous rs17216324 Exon 25 3563T>A Val1188Glu rs17222723 Exon 27 3817A>G Thr1273Ara rs8187699 3872C>T Pro1291Leu rs17216317 3895A>C Lys1299Gln rs4148400 3927C>T synonymous rs4148401 Exon 28 3972C>T synonymous rs3740066 4062C>T synonymous rs17216275Exon 29 4110C>T synonymous rs7899457 4242C>T synonymous rs17216296Exon 30 4290G>T synonymous rs1137968 4410G>A synonymous rs8187706Exon 31 4488C>T synonymous rs8187707 4527C>T synonymous rs8187709Exon 32 4544G>A Cys1515Tyr rs8187710 ABCG2 PA317 mRNA (n.s.) Protein (n.s.) Drug sensitivity (n.s.) Topotecan uptake (n.s.) Imai et al. [85] mRNA (n.s.) Protein (n.s.) Apical localization (impaired) Drug sensitivity ( ) Indolocarbazole uptake ( ) Indolocarbazole efflux ( ) Mizuarai et al. [88] Exon 2 34G>A Val12Met rs2231137 LLC-PK1 Apical localization (n.s.) . Login to comment
92 Exon Polymorphism Effect dbSNP Subject Expression Function Reference DNT patient Tumoral protein (GG GA) Peritumoral protein (GG GA) Vogelgesang et al. [54] Nasopharyngeal cancer patient Irinotecan PK (CC CT TT) SN-38 PK (CC CT TT) SN-38G PK (CC CT TT) Zhou et al. [56] Colorectal cancer patient (Japanese) Tumoral mRNA (CC CT TT) Drug sensitivity (CC CT TT) Tumor growth rate (CC CT TT) Nishioka et al. [57] HIV patient (Caucasian) Nelfinavir intracellular AUC (CC CT TT) Colombo et al. [58] Spina Bifida patient Disease-susceptibility (CC CT TT) Jensen et al. [60] Cancer patient (Caucasian) Diflomotecan PK (CC CA) Sparreboom et al. [96] 116A>T Tyr2Phe rs927344Exon 2 159A>G synonymous rs17222596 Exon 7 736A>C Met246Leu rs17222744 Exon 8 998A>G Asp333Gly rs17222674 Exon 9 1058G>A Arg353His rs7080681 1219C>T synonymous rs17216198 1249G>A Val417Ile rs2273697 Healthy (Finnish) Pravastatin PK (GG GA AA) Niemi et al. [48] Women undergoing cesarean section Placental mRNA [preterms] (GG>GA>AA), [term] (GG GA AA) Placental protein (GG GA AA) Meyer zu Schwabedissen et al. [52] DNT patient Tumoral protein (GG<GA) Peritumoral protein (GG GA) Vogelgesang et al. [54] HIV patient (Caucasian) Nelfinavir intracellular AUC (GG GA AA) Colombo et al. [58] Cancer patient (Caucasian) Diflomotecan PK (CC CA) Sparreboom et al. [96] 1434G>T synonymous 1434G>A synonymous rs4267009 Exon 10 1457C>T Thr486Ile rs17222589 Exon 11 1483A>G Lys495Glu rs17222561 Exon 13 1686T>G Phe562Leu rs17216233 2009T>C Ile670Thr rs17222632Exon 16 2073C>A synonymous rs17222624 Exon 17 2153A>G Asn718Ser rs3740072 Exon 19 2546T>G Leu849Arg rs17222617 Exon 20 2677G>C Glu893Gln rs3740071 2901C>A Tyr967stop rs17222547 2934G>A synonymous rs3740070 Exon 22 2944A>G Ile982Val rs17222554 3107T>C Ile1036Thr rs17216149Exon 23 3188A>G Asn1063Ser rs17222540 (Table 3) contd…. Login to comment

[hide] Functional characterization of protein variants of... Hum Mutat. 2012 Apr;33(4):750-62. doi: 10.1002/humu.22041. Epub 2012 Feb 28. Arlanov R, Porter A, Strand D, Brough R, Karpova D, Kerb R, Wojnowski L, Schwab M, Lang T
Functional characterization of protein variants of the human multidrug transporter ABCC2 by a novel targeted expression system in fibrosarcoma cells.
Hum Mutat. 2012 Apr;33(4):750-62. doi: 10.1002/humu.22041. Epub 2012 Feb 28., [PMID:22290738]

Abstract [show]
The multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2/ABCC2) is involved in the efflux of endogenous and xenobiotic substrates, including several anticancer and antiviral drugs. The functional consequences of ABCC2 protein variants remain inconsistent, which may be due to shortcomings of the in vitro assays used. To study systematically the functional consequences of nonsynonymous ABCC2 variants, we used a novel "Screen and Insert" (ScIn) technology to achieve stable and highly reproducible expression of 13 ABCC2 variants in HT1080 cells. Western blotting revealed lower (30-65%) ABCC2 expression for D333G, R1174H, and R1181L as compared with wild type (WT; 100%), whereas the linked variant V1188E/C1515Y resulted in higher expression (150%). R1174H caused mislocalization of ABCC2 to the cytoplasm with an endoplasmic reticulum-like distribution. Variants N1244K and R1174H decreased transport of glutathione-methylfluorescein (GS-MF) and glutathione-monochlorobimane (GS-MCB) by 80% and 50%, respectively, whereas R1181L and P1291L reduced only GS-MCB transport by 50% as compared with WT. Contrary to protein data, the double variant V1188E/C1515Y decreased specific transport activity for GS-MF and GS-MCB by 40%. The ScIn approach is a feasible and reliable method to functionally characterize systematically ABCC2 variants. D333G, R1174H, R1181L, N1244K, P1291L, and double variant V1188E/C1515Y have been identified as most promising for further clinical evaluation.

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5 Western blotting revealed lower (30-65%) ABCC2 expression for D333G, R1174H, and R1181L as compared with wild type (WT; 100%), whereas the linked variant V1188E/C1515Y resulted in higher expression (150%). Login to comment
10 D333G, R1174H, R1181L, N1244K, P1291L, and double variant V1188E/C1515Y have been identified as most promising for further clinical evaluation. Login to comment
169 Computational comparative genomic studies using PolyPhen 2 predicted that nine of these ABCC2 variants (F39Y, D333G, I670T, I1036T, R1174H, R1181L, V1188E, N1244K, and P1291L) would be located within the transmembrane regions, close to the ATP-binding domain of ABCC2 or close to two missense variants (I1173F, R1150H) causing Dubin-Johnson syndrome [Keitel et al., 2003; Mor-Cohen et al., 2001]. Login to comment
170 Five of the variants (D333G, R1174H, R1181L, N1244K, and P1291L) were predicted to have a functional effect. Login to comment
177 Staining of ABCC2 was weaker for D333G, I1173F, R1174H, and Table 1. Login to comment
178 ABCC2 Missense Variants Selected for Study on Expression, Localization, and Function rs# NCBI Genetic variationa Amino acid Ethnicity Allele frequency (%) Nb Data source Predicted phenotypec rs927344 c.116T>A F39Y AA 2.3 86 Current study Benign AA 2 200 pharmGKB KO 0 94 Current study rs17222674 c.998A>G D333G AA 0 88 Current study Probably damaging AA 1 200 pharmGKB KO 0 94 Current study rs7080681 c.1058G>A R353H AA 6.7 90 Current study Benign AA 3.5 200 pharmGKB KO 0 94 Current study rs17222589 c.1457C>T T486I AA 0 84 Current study Benign KO 3.7 82 Current study JA 5 20 pharmGKB JA 2.3 144 Itoda et al. (2002) rs17222632 c.2009T>C I670T AA 1.1 92 Current study Benign AA 1.5 200 pharmGKB KO 0 92 Current study rs41318029 c.2761G>A G921S AA 0 84 Current study Benign KO 0 92 Current study CA 1 120 NCBI dbSNP rs45441199 c.3107T>C I1036T AA 0 96 Current study Benign AA 0.5 200 pharmGKB KO 0 94 Current study CA 0.5 198 pharmGKB CA 1 120 NCBI dbSNP rs139188247 c.3521G>A R1174H AA 2.3 86 Current study Probably damaging KO 0 94 Current study JA 1 144 Itoda et al. (2002) rs8187692 c.3542G>T R1181L AA 5.8 86 Current study Probably damaging AA 8.5 200 pharmGKB KO 0 96 Current study rs17222723 c.3563T>A V1188E AA 5.8 86 Current study Benign AA 6.5 200 pharmGKB KO 0 96 Current study CA 7.5 200 pharmGKB c.3732T>G N1244K JA 1.5 144 Itoda et al. (2002) Possibly damaging rs17216317 c.3872C>T P1291L AA 4.7 86 Current study Probably damaging AA 2 86 pharmGKB KO 0 86 Current study CA 0.5 196 pharmGKB rs8187710 c.4544G>A C1515Y AA 13 92 Current study Benign AA 19.6 194 pharmGKB KO 0 94 Current study CA 8 198 pharmGKB AA, African-American; CA, Caucasian; KO, Korean; JA, Japanese. Login to comment
183 Cellular Localization of ABCC2 WT and Variants in HEK 293 Cells The variable ABCC2 expression in HEK 293 cells carrying the D333G, R1174H, R1181L, and V1188E/C1515Y variants suggests that processing or protein stability of ABCC2 could be affected by these variants. Login to comment
186 For all variants except D333G and R1174H, ABCC2 protein was localized to intracellular membranous structures, indicating that processing and targeting of these variants seems to be comparable to WT. Login to comment
187 In contrast, the transmembrane variant D333G showed a punctuated localization in the plasma membrane. Login to comment
210 D333G, R1174H, and R1181L exhibited a 40%, 70%, and 35% reduction in protein expression, respectively, whereas the double variant V1188E/C1515Y resulted in a 150% increase in protein expression compared with WT (P < 0.01). Login to comment
217 The D333G, R353H, T486I, G921S, and P1291L variants showed a lower transport activity for GS-MCB (71%, 60%, 75%, 63%, and 51% of WT, P < 0.01) but not for GS-MF, whereas the variants F39Y, I1036T, and V1188E/C1515Y did not alter ABCC2-mediated transport for either substrate. Login to comment
235 The D333G variant, which showed punctuated localization in HEK 293 cells, was predominantly localized to the Rht14-10 cell surface. Login to comment
236 EGFP Kinetics of the ABCC2 Variants D333G, R1174H, R1181L, and V1188E/C1515Y To elucidate whether protein stability will affect degradation of ABCC2 after adding of doxycycline (1 μg/ml), we investigated EGFP kinetics of the ABCC2 D333G, R1174H, R1181L, and V1188E/C1515Y variants expressed by Rht14-10 cells. Login to comment
238 No differences in EGFP kinetics for the ABCC2 variants D333G, R1174H, R1181L, and V1188E/C1515Y were detected, indicating no changes in protein stability (Supp. Fig. S11). Login to comment
240 Subcellular localization of ABCC2 variants D333G and R1174H in Rht14-10 cells. Login to comment
253 Altered protein expression of the ABCC2 variants D333G, R1174H, R1181L, and V1188E/C1515Y seems not to be the direct consequence of impaired or increased protein stability (Supp. Fig. S11), thereby suggesting alteration in synthesis or stability of the mutant ABCC2 mRNA. Login to comment
258 Moreover, D333G plasma membrane localization was reduced in HEK 293 cells, and showed a striking punctiform pattern. Login to comment
260 Because the cell type may influence localization of ABCC2 and polarized cells may be a more physiological system, it remains still open whether the alteration in membrane localization of the two ABCC2 variants D333G and R1174H in HEK 293 and/or HT 1080 cells is due to missing proteins, which are required for sorting or a result of an incomplete polarity of the HEK 293 and HT1080 cells in culture. Login to comment
267 Finally, GS-MF and/or GS-MCB efflux for all other ABCC2 variants (F39Y, D333G, R353H, T486I, I670T, G921S, and I1036T) showed only minor alterations compared with WT based on our definition of at least 50% change in transport activity. Login to comment
275 Three of the four transmembrane variants studied (F39Y [TM1]), D333G [TM6]), I1036T [TM13], and N1244K [TM17]) were localized in the TM6 to TM17. Login to comment
276 The impact of TM6 and TM17 on the transport function of ABCC2 is consistent with our observation for D333G (TM6) and N1244K (TM17), showing a decreased transport activity and/or expression. Login to comment
279 The total allele frequency for all functionally relevant ABCC2 protein variants (D333G, R1174H, R1181L, V1188E/C1515Y, and P1291L) was highest in the African-American subjects, at approximately 20%. Login to comment
280 As shown by the haplotype analysis of our sequencing data, the functional variants D333G, R1174H, R1181L, and P1291L were not linked to each other or to other variants in African-Americans. Login to comment
284 In contrast, the D333G and N1244K variants, which also significantly impaired ABCC2 transport activity, are extremely rare. Login to comment
288 The human ABCC2 WT residue was highly conserved only for D333G, R1174H, R1181L, and P1291L compared with sequences of ABCC2 orthologs and other ABCC homologs. Login to comment
291 When PolyPhen 2 (http://genetics.bwh.harvard.edu/pph) was used to evaluate the ABCC2 missense variants in this study, D333G, R1174H, R1181L, N1244K, and P1291L were predicted as deleterious (Table 1). Login to comment
300 Conservation of the ABCC2 Missense Variants Among Other ABCC Orthologs and Homologs Protein Speciesa F39Y D333G R353H T486I I670T G921S I1036T R1174H R1181L V1188E N1244K P1291L C1515Y ABCC2 Human F D R T I G I R R V N P C Mouse F D P K V S I R R K N P Y Rat F D S N V S I R R K N P Y Rabbit F D P N V G L R R I N P Y Rhesus F D R T M S I R R V N P Y ABCC1 Human Y D T T V G I R R L Y P Y Mouse Y D R T V G A R R L Y P C Rat Y D R T V V V R R L Y P C Macaque Y D T T V G I R R L Y P Y Dog Y D K T V G I R R L Y P C ABCC3 Human Y D P A V G F R D T Y E F Mouse Y N P T V V L R D T Y P F Rat Y D P T V G L R D A Y P F ABCC4 Human - E Y S V R L R R A Y P Y ABCC5 Human - Q A Y C P I H E E Y P E ABCC6 Human Y D P H V K I R P A A P S ABCC11 Human - C E K C T C H D R I Q F Multiple sequence alignment was performed using ClustalW (www.ebi.ac.uk/clustalw). Login to comment

[hide] The apical conjugate efflux pump ABCC2 (MRP2). Pflugers Arch. 2007 Feb;453(5):643-59. Epub 2006 Jul 18. Nies AT, Keppler D
The apical conjugate efflux pump ABCC2 (MRP2).
Pflugers Arch. 2007 Feb;453(5):643-59. Epub 2006 Jul 18., [PMID:16847695]

Abstract [show]
ABCC2 is a member of the multidrug resistance protein subfamily localized exclusively to the apical membrane domain of polarized cells, such as hepatocytes, renal proximal tubule epithelia, and intestinal epithelia. This localization supports the function of ABCC2 in the terminal excretion and detoxification of endogenous and xenobiotic organic anions, particularly in the unidirectional efflux of substances conjugated with glutathione, glucuronate, or sulfate, as exemplified by leukotriene C(4), bilirubin glucuronosides, and some steroid sulfates. The hepatic ABCC2 pump contributes to the driving forces of bile flow. Acquired or hereditary deficiency of ABCC2, the latter known as Dubin-Johnson syndrome in humans, causes an increased concentration of bilirubin glucuronosides in blood because of their efflux from hepatocytes via the basolateral ABCC3, which compensates for the deficiency in ABCC2-mediated apical efflux. In this article we provide an overview on the molecular characteristics of ABCC2 and its expression in various tissues and species. We discuss the transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of ABCC2 and review approaches to the functional analysis providing information on its substrate specificity. A comprehensive list of sequence variants in the human ABCC2 gene summarizes predicted and proven functional consequences, including variants leading to Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

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139 Although all sequence variants associated with Dubin-Johnson syndrome result in the absence of a Table 3 Nucleotide sequence variants in the human ABCC2 gene (NM_000392) leading to amino acid changes in the ABCC2/MRP2 protein (NP_000383) Location Nucleotide changea Deduced effect on proteina Causing Dubin-Johnson syndromeb Predicted effect by PolyPhen databasec Experimentally proven functional consequence Average frequency of indicated nucleotide exchange in population NCBI SNP IDd and/or references Exon 2 c.56 C>Te p.P19L Probably damaging T: 0.007 [63] Exon 2 c.116 T>A p.F39Y Benign A: 0.010 rs927344 A: 0.008 rs17222603 Exon 3 c.298 C>T p.R100Xf DJS [154] Exon 3 c.299 G>Ae p.R100Q Possibly damaging A: 0.007 [63] Exon 7 c.736 A>C p.M246L Benign C: 0.002 rs8187667 C: 0.002 rs17222744 Exon 7 c.842 G>A p.S281N Benign A: 0.0060.056 [117] Exon 8 c.998 A>G p.D333G Possibly damaging G: 0.002 rs8187668 G: 0.004 rs17222674 Exon 9 c.1058 G>A p.R353H Benign A: 0.009 rs7080681 A: 0.014 rs17216205 Exon 9 c.1177 C>T p.R393W DJS Probably damaging [104, 112] Exon 10 c.1234 A>G p.R412G Probably damaging Deficient methotrexate transport function [56] Exon 10 c.1249 G>A p.V417I Benign None apparent [50] A: 0.163 rs2273697, [146] A: 0.158 rs17216184 A: 0.125 [62] A: 0.1830.312 [117] Exon 10 c.1457 C>T p.T486I Benign T: 0.002 rs8187670 T: 0.002 rs17222589 Exon 11 c.1483 A>G p.K495E Possibly damaging G: 0.002 rs8187672 G: 0.002 rs17222561 Exon 13 c.1686 T>G p.F562L Benign G: 0.002 rs8187673 G: 0.002 rs17216233 Exon 16 c.2009 T>C p.I670T Benign rs8187676 C: 0.006 rs17222632 Exon 16 c.2026 G>C p.G676R DJS Probably damaging [181] Exon 17 c.2125 T>C p.W709R DJS Probably damaging [111] Exon 17 c.2153 A>G p.N718S Possibly damaging rs3740072 Exon 17 c.2215 C>T p.L739F Probably damaging T: 0.006 [51] Exon 18 c.2302 C>T p.R768W DJS Probably damaging Deficient maturation and impaired sorting [47] T: 0.010 [62] [168, 180] Exon 18 c.2366 C>T p.S789F Probably damaging Reduced protein levels [50] T: 0.010 [62] Exon 19 c.2546 T>G p.L849R Benign G: 0.002 rs8187689 G: 0.006 rs17222617 Exon 20 c.2647 G>Ae p.D883N Benign A: 0.007 [63] Exon 20 c.2677 G>C p.E893Q Benign rs3740071 Exon 21 c.2882 A>Ge p.K961R Benign G: 0.007 [63] Exon 22 c.2901 C>A p.Y967Xf A: 0.002 rs8187683 A: 0.002 rs17222547 Exon 22 c.2944 A>G p.I982V Benign G: 0.002 rs8187684 G: 0.002 rs17222554 Exon 22 c.3057 G>Te p.Q1019H Benign T: 0.007 [63] Exon 23 c.3107 T>C p.I1036T Possibly damaging C: 0.002 rs8187685 C: 0.004 rs17216149 Exon 23 c.3188 A>G p.N1063S Benign G: 0.002 rs8187686 G: 0.002 rs17222540 Exon 23 c.3196 C>T p.R1066Xf DJS No ABCC2 protein in liver [134] Exon 25 c.3449 G>A p.R1150H DJS Probably damaging Deficient transport function A: 00.009 [117] Exon 25 c.3517 A>T p.I1173F DJS Probably damaging Deficient maturation and impaired sorting, deficient transport function T: 00.029 [117] [80, 117] Exon 25 c.3521 G>Ae p.R1174H Probably damaging A: 0.007 [63] Exon 25 c.3542 G>T p.R1181L Possibly damaging T: 0.039 rs8187692 T: 0.034 rs17222702 Exon 25 c.3563 T>A p.V1188E Benign A: 0.059 rs8187694 A: 0.059 rs17222723 Exon 26 c.3732 T>Ge p.N1244K Possibly damaging G: 0.014 [63] Exon 27 c.3817 A>G p.T1273A Benign G: 0.002 rs8187699 G: 0.004 rs17222582 Exon 27 c.3825 C>G p.Y1275Xf DJS No ABCC2 protein in liver [104] Exon 28 c.3872 C>T p.P1291L Possibly damaging T: 0.012 rs8187700 T: 0.010 rs17216317 Exon 28 c.3895 A>C p.K1299Q Benign rs4148400, [146] Exon 28 c.3928 C>T p.R1310Xf DJS [166] Exon 29 c.4100 C>Ge p.S1367C Possibly damaging G: 0.007 [63] Exon 29 c.4145 A>G p.Q1382R DJS Probably Deficient [47, 168] Table 3 (continued) Location Nucleotide changea Deduced effect on proteina Causing Dubin-Johnson syndromeb Predicted effect by PolyPhen databasec Experimentally proven functional consequence Average frequency of indicated nucleotide exchange in population NCBI SNP IDd and/or references functionally active ABCC2 protein from the canalicular membrane, their effects on the synthesis and function of the ABCC2 protein differ. Login to comment
140 Although all sequence variants associated with Dubin-Johnson syndrome result in the absence of a Table 3 Nucleotide sequence variants in the human ABCC2 gene (NM_000392) leading to amino acid changes in the ABCC2/MRP2 protein (NP_000383) Location Nucleotide changea Deduced effect on proteina Causing Dubin-Johnson syndromeb Predicted effect by PolyPhen databasec Experimentally proven functional consequence Average frequency of indicated nucleotide exchange in population NCBI SNP IDd and/or references Exon 2 c.56 C>Te p.P19L Probably damaging T: 0.007 [63] Exon 2 c.116 T>A p.F39Y Benign A: 0.010 rs927344 A: 0.008 rs17222603 Exon 3 c.298 C>T p.R100Xf DJS [154] Exon 3 c.299 G>Ae p.R100Q Possibly damaging A: 0.007 [63] Exon 7 c.736 A>C p.M246L Benign C: 0.002 rs8187667 C: 0.002 rs17222744 Exon 7 c.842 G>A p.S281N Benign A: 0.0060.056 [117] Exon 8 c.998 A>G p.D333G Possibly damaging G: 0.002 rs8187668 G: 0.004 rs17222674 Exon 9 c.1058 G>A p.R353H Benign A: 0.009 rs7080681 A: 0.014 rs17216205 Exon 9 c.1177 C>T p.R393W DJS Probably damaging [104, 112] Exon 10 c.1234 A>G p.R412G Probably damaging Deficient methotrexate transport function [56] Exon 10 c.1249 G>A p.V417I Benign None apparent [50] A: 0.163 rs2273697, [146] A: 0.158 rs17216184 A: 0.125 [62] A: 0.1830.312 [117] Exon 10 c.1457 C>T p.T486I Benign T: 0.002 rs8187670 T: 0.002 rs17222589 Exon 11 c.1483 A>G p.K495E Possibly damaging G: 0.002 rs8187672 G: 0.002 rs17222561 Exon 13 c.1686 T>G p.F562L Benign G: 0.002 rs8187673 G: 0.002 rs17216233 Exon 16 c.2009 T>C p.I670T Benign rs8187676 C: 0.006 rs17222632 Exon 16 c.2026 G>C p.G676R DJS Probably damaging [181] Exon 17 c.2125 T>C p.W709R DJS Probably damaging [111] Exon 17 c.2153 A>G p.N718S Possibly damaging rs3740072 Exon 17 c.2215 C>T p.L739F Probably damaging T: 0.006 [51] Exon 18 c.2302 C>T p.R768W DJS Probably damaging Deficient maturation and impaired sorting [47] T: 0.010 [62] [168, 180] Exon 18 c.2366 C>T p.S789F Probably damaging Reduced protein levels [50] T: 0.010 [62] Exon 19 c.2546 T>G p.L849R Benign G: 0.002 rs8187689 G: 0.006 rs17222617 Exon 20 c.2647 G>Ae p.D883N Benign A: 0.007 [63] Exon 20 c.2677 G>C p.E893Q Benign rs3740071 Exon 21 c.2882 A>Ge p.K961R Benign G: 0.007 [63] Exon 22 c.2901 C>A p.Y967Xf A: 0.002 rs8187683 A: 0.002 rs17222547 Exon 22 c.2944 A>G p.I982V Benign G: 0.002 rs8187684 G: 0.002 rs17222554 Exon 22 c.3057 G>Te p.Q1019H Benign T: 0.007 [63] Exon 23 c.3107 T>C p.I1036T Possibly damaging C: 0.002 rs8187685 C: 0.004 rs17216149 Exon 23 c.3188 A>G p.N1063S Benign G: 0.002 rs8187686 G: 0.002 rs17222540 Exon 23 c.3196 C>T p.R1066Xf DJS No ABCC2 protein in liver [134] Exon 25 c.3449 G>A p.R1150H DJS Probably damaging Deficient transport function A: 00.009 [117] Exon 25 c.3517 A>T p.I1173F DJS Probably damaging Deficient maturation and impaired sorting, deficient transport function T: 00.029 [117] [80, 117] Exon 25 c.3521 G>Ae p.R1174H Probably damaging A: 0.007 [63] Exon 25 c.3542 G>T p.R1181L Possibly damaging T: 0.039 rs8187692 T: 0.034 rs17222702 Exon 25 c.3563 T>A p.V1188E Benign A: 0.059 rs8187694 A: 0.059 rs17222723 Exon 26 c.3732 T>Ge p.N1244K Possibly damaging G: 0.014 [63] Exon 27 c.3817 A>G p.T1273A Benign G: 0.002 rs8187699 G: 0.004 rs17222582 Exon 27 c.3825 C>G p.Y1275Xf DJS No ABCC2 protein in liver [104] Exon 28 c.3872 C>T p.P1291L Possibly damaging T: 0.012 rs8187700 T: 0.010 rs17216317 Exon 28 c.3895 A>C p.K1299Q Benign rs4148400, [146] Exon 28 c.3928 C>T p.R1310Xf DJS [166] Exon 29 c.4100 C>Ge p.S1367C Possibly damaging G: 0.007 [63] Exon 29 c.4145 A>G p.Q1382R DJS Probably Deficient [47, 168] Table 3 (continued) Location Nucleotide changea Deduced effect on proteina Causing Dubin-Johnson syndromeb Predicted effect by PolyPhen databasec Experimentally proven functional consequence Average frequency of indicated nucleotide exchange in population NCBI SNP IDd and/or references functionally active ABCC2 protein from the canalicular membrane, their effects on the synthesis and function of the ABCC2 protein differ. Login to comment