ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys
| Predicted by SNAP2: | A: D (66%), C: D (53%), D: D (85%), E: D (85%), G: D (75%), H: D (71%), I: D (71%), K: D (85%), L: D (59%), M: N (57%), N: D (66%), P: D (85%), Q: D (71%), R: D (85%), S: D (66%), T: D (75%), V: D (71%), W: D (75%), Y: N (82%), |
| Predicted by PROVEAN: | A: D, C: D, D: D, E: D, G: D, H: D, I: D, K: D, L: D, M: D, N: D, P: D, Q: D, R: D, S: D, T: D, V: D, W: D, Y: N, |
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[hide] Identification of residues in the drug-binding dom... J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 10;274(50):35388-92. Loo TW, Clarke DM
Identification of residues in the drug-binding domain of human P-glycoprotein. Analysis of transmembrane segment 11 by cysteine-scanning mutagenesis and inhibition by dibromobimane.
J Biol Chem. 1999 Dec 10;274(50):35388-92., 1999-12-10 [PMID:10585407]
Abstract [show]
The drug-binding domain of the human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein (P-gp) probably consists of residues from multiple transmembrane (TM) segments. In this study, we tested whether the amino acids in TM11 participate in binding drug substrates. Each residue in TM11 was initially altered by site-directed mutagenesis and assayed for drug-stimulated ATPase activity in the presence of verapamil, vinblastine, or colchicine. Mutants G939V, F942A, T945A, Q946A, A947L, Y953A, A954L, and G955V had altered drug-stimulated ATPase activities. Direct evidence for binding of drug substrate was then determined by cysteine-scanning mutagenesis of the residues in TM11 and inhibition of drug-stimulated ATPase activity by dibromobimane, a thiol-reactive substrate. Dibromobimane inhibited the drug-stimulated ATPase activities of two mutants, F942C and T945C, by more than 75%. These results suggest that residues Phe(942) and Thr(945) in TM11, together with residues previously identified in TM6 (Leu(339) and Ala(342)) and TM12 (Leu(975), Val(982), and Ala(985)) (Loo, T. W., and Clarke, D. M. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 31945-31948) form part of the drug-binding domain of P-gp.
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No. Sentence Comment
120 Fig. 5 shows that the majority of the mutants, except for G939C, F942C, T945C, and Y953C, were not affected by treatment with dBBn.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 10585407:120:65
status: NEW122 In contrast, the activities of mutants F942C and T945C, were almost completely inhibited by dBBn (80 and 85%, respectively).
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 10585407:122:39
status: NEW123 The activities of mutants F942C and T945C were inhibited to FIG. 3.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 10585407:123:26
status: NEW138 By contrast, the verapamil-, vinblastine-, or colchicine-stimulated ATPase activities of mutants F942C or T945C were inhibited by more than 70% when pretreated with dBBn.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 10585407:138:97
status: NEW139 We then tested whether the presence of verapamil, vinblastine, or colchicine could protect mutants F942C or T945C from inactivation by dBBn.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 10585407:139:99
status: NEW143 The activities of mutants F942C and T945C, however, were protected by pretreatment with substrate (Fig. 6B).
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 10585407:143:26
status: NEW159 Histidine-tagged Cys-less and mutants F942C and T945C P-gp were transiently expressed in HEK 293 cells in the presence of 10 M cyclosporin A and isolated by nickel-chelate chromatography. Equivalent amounts of each P-gp were mixed with lipid and incubated with 1 mM dBBn for 5 min at 37 °C, quenched with cysteine, and then assayed for verapamil (1 mM)-, vinblastine (0.1 mM)-, or colchicine (5 mM)-stimulated ATPase activity.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 10585407:159:38
status: NEW161 Equivalent amounts of histidine-tagged Cys-less or mutants F942C or T945C P-gp were preincubated for 15 min at 4 °C without or with 2 mM verapamil (Ver.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 10585407:161:59
status: NEW183 Reaction of dBBn with two mutants, F942C and T945C, significantly inhibited substrate-stimulated ATPase activity.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 10585407:183:35
status: NEW184 The presence of verapamil, vinblastine, or colchicine protected mutants F942C and T945C from inhibition by dBBn.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 10585407:184:72
status: NEW[hide] The packing of the transmembrane segments of human... J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 25;275(8):5253-6. Loo TW, Clarke DM
The packing of the transmembrane segments of human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein is revealed by disulfide cross-linking analysis.
J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 25;275(8):5253-6., 2000-02-25 [PMID:10681495]
Abstract [show]
Residues from several transmembrane (TM) segments of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) likely form the drug-binding site(s). To determine the organization of the TM segments, pairs of cysteine residues were introduced into the predicted TM segments of a Cys-less P-gp, and the mutant protein was subjected to oxidative cross-linking. In SDS gels, the cross-linked product migrated with a slower mobility than the native protein. The cross-linked products were not detected in the presence of dithiothreitol. Cross-linking was observed in 12 of 125 mutants. The pattern of cross-linking suggested that TM6 is close to TMs 10, 11, and 12, while TM12 is close to TMs 4, 5, and 6. In some mutants the presence of drug substrate colchicine, verapamil, cyclosporin A, or vinblastine either enhanced or inhibited cross-linking. Cross-linking was inhibited in the presence of ATP plus vanadate. These results suggest that the TM segments critical for drug binding must be close to each other and exhibit different conformational changes in response to binding of drug substrate or vanadate trapping of nucleotide. Based on these results, we propose a model for the arrangement of the TM segments.
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No. Sentence Comment
77 In these cross-linking experiments, the amount of oxidant was lowered by 10-fold (0.2 mM), and the minimum temperature required to induce cross-TABLE I Cross-linking analysis of P-gp Cross-linking of S993C (TM12) with residues in the following TM: TM1 TM2 TM3 TM4 TM5 M51C -a Y130C - G185C - G226C - I293C - V52C - I131C - I186C - L227C ϩb T294C - V53C - Q132C - G187C - S228C - A295C ϩ G54C - V133C - D188C - A229C - N296C - T55C - S134C - K189C - A230C - I297C - L56C - F135C - I190C - V231C ϩ S298C - A57C - W136C - G191C - W232C ϩ I299C ϩ A58C - C137C - M192C - A233C ϩ G300C - I59C - L138C - F193C - K234C - A301C - I60C - A139C - F194C - I235C ϩ A302C - H61C - A140C - Q195C - L236C ϩ F303C - G141C - S196C - S237C - L304C - Cross-linking of P350C (TM6) with residues in the following TM: TM7 TM8 TM9 TM10 TM11 F711C - F770C - A828C - I867C - A935C - V712C - F771C - I829C - I868C - H936C - V713C - L772C - G830C - A869C - I937C - G714C - Q773C - S831C - I870C - F938C - V715C - G774C - R832C - A871C - G939C ϩ F716C - F775C - L833C - G872C - I940C - C717C - T776C - A834C - V873C - T941C - A718C - F777C - V835C - V874C ϩ F942C - I719C - G778C - I836C - E875C ϩ S943C - I720C - K779C - T837C - M876C ϩ F944C - N721C - A780C - Q838C - K877C - T945C - G722C - G781C - N839C - M878C - Q946C - G723C - E782C - I840C - L879C - A947C - I783C - a -, no cross-linked product detected in SDS-PAGE. b ϩ, cross-linked product detected in SDS-PAGE.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 10681495:77:1189
status: NEW[hide] Val133 and Cys137 in transmembrane segment 2 are c... J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 30;279(18):18232-8. Epub 2004 Jan 28. Loo TW, Bartlett MC, Clarke DM
Val133 and Cys137 in transmembrane segment 2 are close to Arg935 and Gly939 in transmembrane segment 11 of human P-glycoprotein.
J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 30;279(18):18232-8. Epub 2004 Jan 28., 2004-04-30 [PMID:14749322]
Abstract [show]
P-glycoprotein (P-gp; ABCB1) transports a wide variety of structurally diverse compounds out of the cell. The protein has two homologous halves joined by a linker region. Each half consists of a transmembrane (TM) domain with six TM segments and a nucleotide-binding domain. The drug substrate-binding pocket is at the interface between the TM segments in each half of the protein. Preliminary studies suggested that the arrangement of the two halves of P-gp shows rotational symmetry (i.e. "head-to-tail" arrangement). Here, we tested this model by determining whether the cytoplasmic ends of TM2 and TM3 in the N-terminal half are in close contact with TM11 in the C-terminal half. Mutants containing a pair of cysteines in TM2/TM11 or TM3/TM11 were subjected to oxidative cross-linking with copper phenanthroline. Two of the 110 TM2/TM11 mutants, V133C(TM2)/G939C(TM11) and C137C(TM2)/A935C (TM11), were cross-linked at 4 degrees C, when thermal motion is reduced. Cross-linking was specific since no cross-linked product was detected in the 100 double Cys TM3/TM11 mutants. Vanadate trapping of nucleotide or the presence of some drug substrates inhibited cross-linking of mutants V133C(TM2)/G939C(TM11) and C137C(TM2)/A935C(TM11). Cross-linking of TM2 and TM11 also blocked drug-stimulated ATPase activity. The close proximity of TM2/TM11 and TM5/TM8 (Loo, T. W., Bartlett, M. C., and Clarke, D. M. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 7692-7697) indicates that these regions between the two halves must enclose the drug-binding pocket at the cytoplasmic side of P-gp. They may form the "hinges" required for conformational changes during the transport cycle.
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No. Sentence Comment
124 TABLE I Cross-linking between residues in TM2 and TM11 -, no cross-linked product detected on SDS-polyacrylamide gels at 37 °C; ϩ, relatively weak cross-linking (Ͻ50% of P-gp cross-linked) at 37 °C; ϩϩ, relatively strong cross-linking (Ͼ50% of P-gp cross-linked) at 37 °C; *, cross-linked product also detected at 22 °C; **, cross-linked product also detected at 22 and 4 °C. TM2 TM11 A935C H936C I937C F938C G939C I940C T941C F942C S943C F944C A128C - - - - - - - - - - A129C - - - - - - - - - - Y130C - - - - ϩ ϩ - ϩ ϩ - I131C - - - - - - - - - - Q132C - - - - - - - - - - V133C - - - ϩ ϩϩ, ** - - ϩ ϩ - S134C ϩ ϩ - - ϩ ϩ - - - - F135C - - - - - - - - - - W136C - - - - - - - - - - C137C ϩϩ, ** - - - ϩ - - - - - L138C ϩϩ, * - - - - - - - - - TM11 are close to each other at their cytoplasmic ends.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 14749322:124:482
status: NEW[hide] ATP hydrolysis promotes interactions between the e... Biochemistry. 2005 Aug 2;44(30):10250-8. Loo TW, Bartlett MC, Clarke DM
ATP hydrolysis promotes interactions between the extracellular ends of transmembrane segments 1 and 11 of human multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein.
Biochemistry. 2005 Aug 2;44(30):10250-8., 2005-08-02 [PMID:16042402]
Abstract [show]
P-glycoprotein (P-gp, ABCB1) actively pumps a broad range of structurally unrelated cytotoxic compounds out of the cell. It has two homologous halves that are joined by a linker region. Each half has a transmembrane (TM) domain containing six TM segments and a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD). Cross-linking studies have shown that the drug-binding pocket is at the interface between the TM domains. The two NBDs interact to form the ATP-binding sites. Coupling of ATP hydrolysis to drug efflux has been postulated to occur by conversion of the binding pocket from a high-affinity to a low-affinity state through alterations in the packing of the TM segments. TM 11 has also been reported to be important for drug binding. Here, we used cysteine-scanning mutagenesis and oxidative cross-linking to test for changes in the packing of TM 11 during ATP hydrolysis. We generated 350 double cysteine mutants that contained one cysteine at the extracellular end of TM11 and another cysteine at the extracellular ends of TMs 1, 3, 4, 5, or 6. The mutants were expressed in HEK293 cells and treated with oxidant in the absence or presence of ATP. Cross-linked product was not detected in SDS-PAGE gels in the absence of ATP. By contrast, cross-linked product was detected in mutants M68C(TM1)/Y950C(TM11), M68C(TM1)/Y953C(TM11), M68C(TM1)/A954C(TM11), M69C(TM1)/A954C(TM11), and M69C(TM1)/ F957C(TM11) in the presence of ATP but not with ADP or AMP.PNP. These results indicate that rearrangement of TM11 may contribute to the release of drug substrate during ATP hydrolysis.
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No. Sentence Comment
187 Labeling of residues F942C and T945C by these thiol-reactive drug substrate analogues was inhibited by the presence of drug substrate.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 16042402:187:21
status: NEW[hide] Transmembrane segment 1 of human P-glycoprotein co... Biochem J. 2006 Jun 15;396(3):537-45. Loo TW, Bartlett MC, Clarke DM
Transmembrane segment 1 of human P-glycoprotein contributes to the drug-binding pocket.
Biochem J. 2006 Jun 15;396(3):537-45., 2006-06-15 [PMID:16492138]
Abstract [show]
P-glycoprotein (P-gp; ABCB1) actively transports a broad range of structurally unrelated compounds out of the cell. An important step in the transport cycle is coupling of drug binding with ATP hydrolysis. Drug substrates such as verapamil bind in a common drug-binding pocket at the interface between the TM (transmembrane) domains of P-gp and stimulate ATPase activity. In the present study, we used cysteine-scanning mutagenesis and reaction with an MTS (methanethiosulphonate) thiol-reactive analogue of verapamil (MTS-verapamil) to test whether the first TM segment [TM1 (TM segment 1)] forms part of the drug-binding pocket. One mutant, L65C, showed elevated ATPase activity (10.7-fold higher than an untreated control) after removal of unchanged MTS-verapamil. The elevated ATPase activity was due to covalent attachment of MTS-verapamil to Cys65 because treatment with dithiothreitol returned the ATPase activity to basal levels. Verapamil covalently attached to Cys65 appears to occupy the drug-binding pocket because verapamil protected mutant L65C from modification by MTS-verapamil. The ATPase activity of the MTS-verapamil-modified mutant L65C could not be further stimulated with verapamil, calcein acetoxymethyl ester or demecolcine. The ATPase activity could be inhibited by cyclosporin A but not by trans-(E)-flupentixol. These results suggest that TM1 contributes to the drug-binding pocket.
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No. Sentence Comment
41 A series of double cysteine mutants containing L65C in TM1 with another cysteine in TMD2 (C-terminal TMD containing TM7-TM12) predicted to line the drug-binding pocket [34] (i.e. F942C or T945C in TM11 and L975C, V981C, V982C, G984C or A985C in TM12) were also constructed for cross-linking analysis.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 16492138:41:179
status: NEW60 Disulphide cross-linking analysis Mutants L65C, F942C, T945C, L975C, V981C, V982C, G984C, A985C, L65C/F942C, L65C/T945C, L65C/975C, L65C/V981C, L65C/V982C, L65C/G984C and L65C/A985C were transiently expressed in HEK-293 cells.
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 16492138:60:48
status: NEWX
ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 16492138:60:102
status: NEW[hide] New light on multidrug binding by an ATP-binding-c... Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2006 Apr;27(4):195-203. Epub 2006 Mar 20. Shilling RA, Venter H, Velamakanni S, Bapna A, Woebking B, Shahi S, van Veen HW
New light on multidrug binding by an ATP-binding-cassette transporter.
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2006 Apr;27(4):195-203. Epub 2006 Mar 20., [PMID:16545467]
Abstract [show]
ATP-binding-cassette (ABC) multidrug transporters confer multidrug resistance to pathogenic microorganisms and human tumour cells by mediating the extrusion of structurally unrelated chemotherapeutic drugs from the cell. The molecular basis by which ABC multidrug transporters bind and transport drugs is far from clear. Genetic analyses during the past 14 years reveal that the replacement of many individual amino acids in mammalian multidrug resistance P-glycoproteins can affect cellular resistance to drugs, but these studies have failed to identify specific regions in the primary amino acid sequence that are part of a defined drug-binding pocket. The recent publication of an X-ray crystallographic structure of the bacterial P-glycoprotein homologue MsbA and an MsbA-based homology model of human P-glycoprotein creates an opportunity to compare the original mutagenesis data with the three-dimensional structures of transporters. Our comparisons reveal that mutations that alter specificity are present in three-dimensional 'hotspot' regions in the membrane domains of P-glycoprotein.
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No. Sentence Comment
78 Single-cysteine mutants in human P-glycoprotein that are protected from cross-linking to cysteine-reactive MTS substrate analogues by the non-reactive substratea P-glycoprotein residueb Corresponding residue in V. cholera MsbA Cysteine-reactive substrate I340C (6) G293 MTS-rhodamine A841C (9) A151 MTS-rhodamine L975C (12) T285 MTS-rhodamine V981C (12) M291 MTS-rhodamine V982C (12) F292 MTS-rhodamine S222C (4) A175 MTS-verapamil L339C (6) M291 MTS-verapamil A342C (6) M295 MTS-verapamil I868C (10) F180 MTS-verapamil F942C (11) Q256 MTS-verapamil T945C (11) A259 MTS-verapamil G984C (12) L294 MTS-verapamil a Data adapted from [24,2].
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 16545467:78:520
status: NEW76 Single-cysteine mutants in human P-glycoprotein that are protected from cross-linking to cysteine-reactive MTS substrate analogues by the non-reactive substratea P-glycoprotein residueb Corresponding residue in V. cholera MsbA Cysteine-reactive substrate I340C (6) G293 MTS-rhodamine A841C (9) A151 MTS-rhodamine L975C (12) T285 MTS-rhodamine V981C (12) M291 MTS-rhodamine V982C (12) F292 MTS-rhodamine S222C (4) A175 MTS-verapamil L339C (6) M291 MTS-verapamil A342C (6) M295 MTS-verapamil I868C (10) F180 MTS-verapamil F942C (11) Q256 MTS-verapamil T945C (11) A259 MTS-verapamil G984C (12) L294 MTS-verapamil a Data adapted from [24,25].
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ABCB1 p.Phe942Cys 16545467:76:520
status: NEW