ABCC6 p.Arg265Gly
ClinVar: |
c.793A>G
,
p.Arg265Gly
N
, Likely benign
|
LOVD-ABCC6: |
p.Arg265Gly
D
|
Predicted by SNAP2: | A: D (71%), C: D (85%), D: D (85%), E: D (75%), F: D (85%), G: D (66%), H: D (66%), I: D (71%), K: N (53%), L: D (71%), M: D (75%), N: D (71%), P: D (85%), Q: N (53%), S: D (71%), T: D (71%), V: D (75%), W: D (80%), Y: D (85%), |
Predicted by PROVEAN: | A: N, C: D, D: N, E: N, F: D, G: N, H: N, I: D, K: N, L: D, M: N, N: N, P: N, Q: N, S: N, T: N, V: D, W: N, Y: N, |
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[hide] A spectrum of ABCC6 mutations is responsible for p... Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Oct;69(4):749-64. Epub 2001 Aug 31. Le Saux O, Beck K, Sachsinger C, Silvestri C, Treiber C, Goring HH, Johnson EW, De Paepe A, Pope FM, Pasquali-Ronchetti I, Bercovitch L, Marais AS, Viljoen DL, Terry SF, Boyd CD
A spectrum of ABCC6 mutations is responsible for pseudoxanthoma elasticum.
Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Oct;69(4):749-64. Epub 2001 Aug 31., [PMID:11536079]
Abstract [show]
To better understand the pathogenetics of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), we performed a mutational analysis of ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 6 (ABCC6) in 122 unrelated patients with PXE, the largest cohort of patients yet studied. Thirty-six mutations were characterized, and, among these, 28 were novel variants (for a total of 43 PXE mutations known to date). Twenty-one alleles were missense variants, six were small insertions or deletions, five were nonsense, two were alleles likely to result in aberrant mRNA splicing, and two were large deletions involving ABCC6. Although most mutations appeared to be unique variants, two disease-causing alleles occurred frequently in apparently unrelated individuals. R1141X was found in our patient cohort at a frequency of 18.8% and was preponderant in European patients. ABCC6del23-29 occurred at a frequency of 12.9% and was prevalent in patients from the United States. These results suggested that R1141X and ABCC6del23-29 might have been derived regionally from founder alleles. Putative disease-causing mutations were identified in approximately 64% of the 244 chromosomes studied, and 85.2% of the 122 patients were found to have at least one disease-causing allele. Our results suggest that a fraction of the undetected mutant alleles could be either genomic rearrangements or mutations occurring in noncoding regions of the ABCC6 gene. The distribution pattern of ABCC6 mutations revealed a cluster of disease-causing variants within exons encoding a large C-terminal cytoplasmic loop and in the C-terminal nucleotide-binding domain (NBD2). We discuss the potential structural and functional significance of this mutation pattern within the context of the complex relationship between the PXE phenotype and the function of ABCC6.
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129 Premature termination mutations frequently result in the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mutant mRNA products and significantly reduce mutant transcript levels (Maquat 1996; Nagy and Table 3 Missense Neutral Variants Identified in the ABCC6 Gene in a Cohort of 122 Patients CHANGE IN STATUS a ORIGIN(S)b EXON(S) NO. OF ALLELES/ PXE CHROMOSOMES NO. OF ALLELES/ CONTROL CHROMOSOMES c Amino Acid Nucleotide G61D 182GrA ht SA 2 1/244 0/200 G207R 619GrA ht Belgium 6 1/244 0/200 R265G 793ArG ht Belgium 7 1/244 0/200 K281Ed 841ArG ht, hm SA 8 5/8d Nd I319Vd 955ArG ht, hm SA 8 5/8d Nd N497K 1489CrA ht Belgium 12 1/244 0/200 V614A 1841TrC ht, hm All 14 200/244 163/200 H632Qd 1896CrA ht, hm SA, Belgium 15 17/24d Nd L953H 2858TrA ht US 22 1/244 0/200 W1241C 3723GrC ht Germany 26 1/244 0/200 R1268Q 3803GrA ht All 27 23/244 31/200 a ht p heterozygote; hm p homozygote.
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ABCC6 p.Arg265Gly 11536079:129:478
status: NEW[hide] Molecular genetics of pseudoxanthoma elasticum: ty... Hum Mutat. 2005 Sep;26(3):235-48. Miksch S, Lumsden A, Guenther UP, Foernzler D, Christen-Zach S, Daugherty C, Ramesar RK, Lebwohl M, Hohl D, Neldner KH, Lindpaintner K, Richards RI, Struk B
Molecular genetics of pseudoxanthoma elasticum: type and frequency of mutations in ABCC6.
Hum Mutat. 2005 Sep;26(3):235-48., [PMID:16086317]
Abstract [show]
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a systemic heritable disorder that affects the elastic tissue in the skin, eye, and cardiovascular system. Mutations in the ABCC6 gene cause PXE. We performed a mutation screen in ABCC6 using haplotype analysis in conjunction with direct sequencing to achieve a mutation detection rate of 97%. This screen consisted of 170 PXE chromosomes in 81 families, and detected 59 distinct mutations (32 missense, eight nonsense, and six likely splice-site point mutations; one small insertion; and seven small and five large deletions). Forty-three of these mutations are novel variants, which increases the total number of PXE mutations to 121. While most mutations are rare, three nonsense mutations, a splice donor site mutation, and the large deletion comprising exons 23-29 (c.2996_4208del) were identified as relatively frequent PXE mutations at 26%, 5%, 3.5%, 3%, and 11%, respectively. Chromosomal haplotyping with two proximal and two distal polymorphic markers flanking ABCC6 demonstrated that most chromosomes that carry these relatively frequent PXE mutations have related haplotypes specific for these mutations, which suggests that these chromosomes originate from single founder mutations. The types of mutations found support loss-of-function as the molecular mechanism for the PXE phenotype. In 76 of the 81 families, the affected individuals were either homozygous for the same mutation or compound heterozygous for two mutations. In the remaining five families with one uncovered mutation, affected showed allelic compound heterozygosity for the cosegregating PXE haplotype. This demonstrates pseudo-dominance as the relevant inheritance mechanism, since disease transmission to the next generation always requires one mutant allelic variant from each parent. In contrast to other previous clinical and molecular claims, our results show evidence only for recessive PXE. This has profound consequences for the genetic counseling of families with PXE.
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209 Type and Frequency of Polymorphisms in ABCC6 Identi'ed in170 Chromosomes of 81 PXE Familiesà Exon/ Intron Nucleotide substitution Amino acid change Location Frequency (] of families) Referencea E 03 c.232G4A p.A78T ABCC6-C2 81 This study, (C,H) IVS 03 c.345112T4C Intron duplication 81 This study IVS 03 c.345126C4T Intron 1 This study IVS 03 c.346À6G4A Intron 10 This study, (C) E 04 c.373G4A p.E125K ABCC6-C1 81 This study, (C) E 04 c.473C4T p.A158V ABCC6-C2 81 This study, (C) IVS 04 c.474113 G4A Intron duplication 2 This study IVS 04 c.474143C4T Intron duplication 80 This study, (C) IVS 04 c.475À76A4C Intron duplication 81 This study IVS 04 c.475À45C4T Intron 3 This study IVS 04 c.475À22T4C Intron duplication 80 This study, (C) E 05 c.549G4A L183L ABCC6 2 This study, (E) IVS 05 c.600123C4T Intron 1 This study E 06 c.645G4A T215T ABCC6 8 This study, (C) IVS 06 c.662112C4T Intron 1 This study, (C) E 07 c.793A4G R265G ABCC6-C1 81 This study, (C,H) IVS 07 c.794136A4C Intron duplication 81 This study, (C) E 08 c.841A4G K281E ABCC6-Cx 81 This study, (H) E 08 c.855C4T T285T ABCC6-C1 81 This study, (C) E 08 c.955A4G I319V ABCC6-Cx 81 This study, (H) E 09 c.1077A4G S359S ABCC6, ABCC6-C1 1 This study, (C,H) E 09 c.1132C4T Q378X ABCC6-C1 81 This study, (C,H) E 09 c.1141T4C L381L ABCC6, ABCC6-C1 81 This study, (C,H) IVS 09 c.117616C4T No SSM Intron 1 This study E 10 c.1233T4C N411N ABCC6 1 This study, (B,L) E 10 c.1245G4A V415V ABCC6 Frequent This study, (B,L) IVS 10 c.133817C4G Intron Frequent This study IVS 10 c.1338120C4G Intron Frequent This study IVS 10 c.1338162G4C Intron Frequent This study IVS 11 c.1432À41A4G Intron Frequent This study, (E) E 12 c.1540G4A V514I ABCC6 1 This study IVS 12 c.1635147C4T Intron Frequent This study E 14 c.1841T4C V614A ABCC6 Frequent This study, (B,E) IVS 14 c.1868À57G4A Intron 3 This study E 15 c.1890C4G T630T ABCC6 Frequent This study, (B,L) E 15 c.1896C4A H632Q ABCC6 Frequent This study, (C,G) E 17 c.2171G4A R724K ABCC6 2 This study E 17 c.2175A4T V725V ABCC6 2 This study E 17 c.2224A4G I742V ABCC6 2 This study E 19 c.2490C4T A830A ABCC6 Frequent This study, (E) E 22 c.2820T4G R940R ABCC6 1 This study E 22 c.2835C4T P945P ABCC6 8 This study, (J) E 22 c.2836C4A L946I ABCC6 3 This study E 22 c.2904G4A L968L ABCC6 1 This study, (J) E 23 c.3190C4T R1064W ABCC6 2 This study IVS 24 c.3507À16T4C No SSM Intron 4 This study IVS 24 c.3507À3C4T No SSM Intron 3 This study E 27 c.3803G4A R1268Q ABCC6 Frequent This study, (C,M) IVS 27 c.3883À24G4A Intron 1 This study IVS 28 c.4041149C4T Intron Frequent This study, (E) IVS 28 c.4042À30C4T Intron Frequent This study IVS 29 c.420819G4A Intron 2 This study E 30 c.4305C4T G1435G ABCC6 1 This study IVS 30 c.4405À31G4A Intron Frequent This study 30 UTR c.4512117G4A UTR 5 This study, (E) 30 UTR c.4512138G4A UTR 1 This study ÃDNA mutation numbering is based on the ABCC6 cDNA sequence (GenBank accession no. AF076622.1) and 11 corresponds to the A of the ATG translation initiation codon of the reference sequence.
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ABCC6 p.Arg265Gly 16086317:209:947
status: NEW157 Search for MutationsWithin the Duplicated Region (50 UTR, exons 1^ 9) of ABCC6 In the first round of mutation screening (see Materials and Methods, and Supplementary Table S5), sequencing of the PCR products and comparative analysis of the sequencing reads revealed frequent polymorphisms and potential mutations (p.A78T, p.E125K, p.A158V, p.R265G, p.K281E, and p.I319V p.Q378X) (see Tables 1 and 2) that appeared in all families and initially did not cosegregate with familial haplotypes, which suggests that they are likely pseudogene polymorphisms.
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ABCC6 p.Arg265Gly 16086317:157:342
status: NEW[hide] Spectrum of genetic variation at the ABCC6 locus i... J Dermatol Sci. 2009 Jun;54(3):198-204. Epub 2009 Mar 31. Ramsay M, Greenberg T, Lombard Z, Labrum R, Lubbe S, Aron S, Marais AS, Terry S, Bercovitch L, Viljoen D
Spectrum of genetic variation at the ABCC6 locus in South Africans: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum patients and healthy individuals.
J Dermatol Sci. 2009 Jun;54(3):198-204. Epub 2009 Mar 31., [PMID:19339160]
Abstract [show]
BACKGROUND: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder with ectopic mineralization in the skin, eyes and cardiovascular system. PXE is caused by mutations in ABCC6. OBJECTIVE: To examine 54 unrelated South African PXE patients for ABCC6 PXE causing mutations. METHODS: Patients were screened for mutations in ABCC6 using two strategies. The first involved a comprehensive screening of all the ABCC6 exons and flanking regions by dHPLC or sequencing whereas the second involved screening patients only for the common PXE mutations. The ABCC6 gene was screened in ten white and ten black healthy unrelated South Africans in order to examine the level of common non-PXE associated variation. RESULTS: The Afrikaner founder mutation, R1339C, was present in 0.41 of white ABCC6 PXE alleles, confirming the founder effect and its presence in both Afrikaans- (34/63 PXE alleles) and English-speakers (4/28). Eleven mutations were detected in the white patients (of European origin), including two nonsense mutations, 6 missense mutations, two frameshift mutations and a large deletion mutation. The five "Coloured" patients (of mixed Khoisan, Malay, European and African origin) included three compound heterozygotes with R1339C as one of the mutations. The three black patients (sub-Saharan African origin) were all apparent homozygotes for the R1314W mutation. Blacks showed a trend towards a higher degree of neurtral variation (18 variants) when compared to whites (12 variants). CONCLUSION: Delineation of the ABCC6 mutation profile in South African PXE patients will be used as a guide for molecular genetic testing in a clinical setting and for genetic counselling.
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No. Sentence Comment
148 Exon/Intron Nucleotide substitution AA change Protein domain Number of individuals observed in heterozygous or homozygous state Reference SNP ID Patients n = 24 RB n = 10 RW n = 10 5`UTR c.-43A>G - Untranslated 1 - - This study IVS 1 c.37-55G>A - Intron 1 - - This study E 3 c.232G>A A78T - 1 - - dbSNP rs2856597 IVS 3 c.345+26C>T - Intron - 3 1 [32] No rs number E 6 c.645G>A T215T CL3 6 - - [31,32] No rs number E 7 c.793A>G R265G CL3 - - 1 [31,32,34] No rs number E 8 c.993G>T* L331L CL3 - 1 - This study IVS 8 c.
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ABCC6 p.Arg265Gly 19339160:148:427
status: NEW[hide] Added value of infrared, red-free and autofluoresc... Br J Ophthalmol. 2010 Apr;94(4):479-86. Epub 2009 Sep 1. De Zaeytijd J, Vanakker OM, Coucke PJ, De Paepe A, De Laey JJ, Leroy BP
Added value of infrared, red-free and autofluorescence fundus imaging in pseudoxanthoma elasticum.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2010 Apr;94(4):479-86. Epub 2009 Sep 1., [PMID:19726431]
Abstract [show]
PURPOSE: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the ABCC6 gene and primarily affects the oculocutaneous and cardiovascular systems. However, the phenotype, including the ophthalmological manifestations, varies in severity. The present study aims to evaluate the added value of novel funduscopic imaging techniques, such as near-infrared reflectance, red-free and autofluorescence imaging in PXE. METHODS: In 22 molecularly proven PXE patients and 25 obligate carriers, PXE retinopathy was evaluated using funduscopy, white light, red-free, infrared and autofluorescence imaging. RESULTS: At least one characteristic of PXE retinopathy was evident on funduscopy of all eyes. Angioid streaks could be subdivided in those with (brick red) or without (feathered) adjacent RPE alterations. Infrared imaging showed the brick-red-coloured streaks as well-demarcated dark fissures, even when these passed unnoticed on funduscopy. Feathered types were detected as triangular areas of hypoautofluorescence. The peau d'orange was much more visible and much more widespread on infrared imaging, with extension from the posterior pole towards the whole midperiphery. Comets and comet tails were best seen with red-free imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Infrared, red-free and autofluorescence imaging are more sensitive than white light funduscopy and imaging in visualising early retinal signs of PXE. In addition, this specialised imaging allows a better appreciation of the extent of lesions. Hence, such imaging increases the chances of making a correct diagnosis early, and aids in the accurate evaluation of evolution of disease in the ophthalmic follow-up of PXE patients.
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78 In 55% of fundi (24/44), the Table 1 Ophthalmological characteristics of patients Case Age, sex Eye BCVA AS Pd`O C(T) ODD NV PDT Anti-VEGF ABCC6 mutations 1 61, F OD 2/10 + + + À + + À p.R1459C/e OS 9/10 + + + À + + À 2 43, F OD 12/10 + + + À À À À p.R1141X/p.R1141X OS 12/10 + + + À À À À 3 35, M OD 11/10 + + + À À À À p.E125K/p.L1025P OS 1/300 + + + À + + + 4 21, M OD 10/10 + + + À À À À p.R1141X/p.R1141X OS 10/10 + + + + À À À 5 11, M OD 10/10 À + + À À À À c.3506+2T/C/e 3506+2T/COS 10/10 À + + À À À À 6 55, F OD 1/20 + + + À + À À p.R1141X/p.R1141X OS 1.5/10 + + + À + À À 7 40, M OD 4/10 + + + À + + À p.R265G/p.R1141X OS 1/10 + + + À + + À 8 22, F OD 10/10 + + + À À À À p.R1141X/p.R1141X OS 10/10 + + + À À À À 9 29, F OD 10/10 + + + À À À À p.G1263R/c.4182delGG OS 10/10 + + + À À À À 10 20, M OD 10/10 + + + + À À À c.3507-3C/A/p.T944I OS 10/10 + + + + À À À 11 37, F OD 10/10 + + + + À À À p.Q154R/e OS 9/10 + + + + À À À 12 66, F OD 1/20 + À À À + À À p.R1141X/p.R1141X OS 1/10 + À À À + À À 13 68, F OD 10/10 + À À À À À À p.R760Q/p.R1141X OS 10/10 + À À À À À À 14 68, M OD 2/10 + À + À + À À p.A1303P/p.L946I OS CF + À + À + À À 15 58, F OD 7/10 + + + À + À + p.R1141X/c.4103delC OS CF + + + À + + À 16 62,M OD 1/20 + + + À + À + p.R1141X/p.Q1237X OS CF + + + À + À À 17 47, F OD 10/10 + À À À À À À c.3506+2T/C/e OS 10/10 + À À À À À À 18 54, F OD 10/10 + + + À + À + p.R1141X/p.A1303P OS 10/10 + + + À À À À 19 30, F OD 10/10 + + + À À À À p.S398R/c.3364delT OS 10/10 + + + À À À À 20 39, F OD 12/10 + + + À À À À p.R1141X/e OS 10/10 + + + À À À À 21 30, F OD 10/10 + + + À À À À p.G666R/c.1868-5T/G OS 10/10 + + + + À À À 22 34, M OD 12/10 + + + À À À À c.3364delT/p.R518X OS 12/10 + + + À À À À anti-VEGF, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies; AS, angioid streaks; BCVA, best-corrected visual acuity (Snellen); CF, counting fingers; C(T), Comet (tails); F, female; M, male; MD, macular degeneration; NV, neovascularisation; ODD, optic disc drusen; Pd`O, Peau d`Orange; PDT, photodynamic therapy.
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ABCC6 p.Arg265Gly 19726431:78:824
status: NEW