60 PRISMA 2009 Flow Diagram Records idenfied through database search (n = 239 ) Screening Included Eligibility Idenficaon Addional records idenfied through other sources (n = 19 ) Records aer removal of duplicates (n = 239 ) Records screened (n = 239) Records excluded (n = 193) Full-text arcles assessed for eligibility (n = 46) Full-text arcles excluded, for various reasons (n = 13) Studies included in qualitave synthesis (n = 33) Fig. 2 Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram of the retrieved studies Table 1 Interactions between meat intake and polymorphisms in relation to the risk of colorectal cancer in prospective cohorts Gene rs-number d N cases N sub-cohort IRR/OR (95 % CI) a P int b Comments c First author Year References Cooking carcinogens and mutagens NAT1 Slow 120 123 4 Chen 1998 Chen et al. (1998) NAT*10 allele Rapid 92 98 0.19 4 Chen et al. (1998) NAT2 Slow 131 125 4 Chen et al. (1998) Rapid 81 96 0.56 4 Chen et al. (1998) NAT2 Slow 107 267 5 Chan 2005 Chan et al. (2005) Rapid 76 476 0.07 5 Chan et al. (2005) NAT1 Slow 0.99 (0.94-1.04) 2, 3, 6 Sorensen 2008 Sorensen et al. (2008) Fast 0.98 (0.90-1.05) [0.40 2, 3, 6 Sorensen et al. (2008) NAT2 Slow 1.00 (0.95-1.06) 2, 3, 6 Sorensen et al. (2008) Fast 0.96 (0.90-1.03) [0.40 2, 3, 6 Sorensen et al. (2008) NAT1 No*10 362 527 7 Nothlings 2009 Nothlings et al. (2009) *10 482 818 0.77 7 Nothlings et al. (2009) NAT2 Slow/med 750 1149 7 Nothlings et al. (2009) Rapid 242 344 0.44 7 Nothlings et al. (2009) NAT1 No*10 362 527 8 Nothlings et al. (2009) *10 482 818 0.93 8 Nothlings et al. (2009) NAT2 Slow/med 750 1,149 8 Nothlings et al. (2009) Rapid 242 344 0.13 8 Nothlings et al. (2009) AHR rs2066853 364 394 0.07 12 Gilsing 2012 Gilsing et al. (2012) UGT1A rs6714486 364 394 0.06 12 Gilsing et al. (2012) rs17868299 364 394 0.05 12 Gilsing et al. (2012) UGT1A rs2011404 364 394 0.08 12 Gilsing et al. (2012) CYP2E1 rs915908 364 394 0.05 12 Gilsing et al. (2012) UGT1A rs6717546 364 394 0.04 12 Gilsing et al. (2012) UGT1A rs12466997 364 394 0.08 12 Gilsing et al. (2012) Arachidonic acid pathway PTGS2 (COX-2) rs689566 A-1195G AA-AG 900 1,686 1.02 (0.98-1.05) 1, 2, 3 Andersen 2013 Andersen et al. (2013b) GG 47 61 1.06 (0.87-1.29) 0.54 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) rs20417 G-765C GG 701 1,256 0.99 (0.95-1.03) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) GC-CC 235 478 1.08 (1.01-1.15) 0.006 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) rs5275 T8473C TT 430 720 1.04 (0.99-1.09) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) TC-CC 501 1,018 1.01 (0.96-1.05) 0.29 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) Transport proteins Table 1 continued Gene rs-number d N cases N sub-cohort IRR/OR (95 % CI) a P int b Comments c First author Year References ABCB1 (MDR1) rs1045642 3435 CC 73 118 1.08 (1.00-1.16) 1, 2, 3 Andersen 2009 Andersen et al. (2009) CT-TT 286 647 1.00 (0.95-1.06) 0.02 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2009) rs3789243 Intron 3 GG 81 224 0.95 (0.89-1.02) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2009) GA-AA 278 541 1.03 (0.98-1.09) 0.01 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2009) ABCG2 (BCRP) rs2231142 C421A CC 296 592 1.02 (0.97-1.08) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2009) CA-AA 63 173 0.99 (0.91-1.08) 0.40 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2009) ABCC2 (MRP2) rs717620 C-24T CC 260 508 1.02 (0.97-1.07) 1, 2, 3 Andersen 2012 Andersen et al. (2012b) CT-TT 129 280 1.03 (0.95-1.12) 0.72 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2012b) rs2273697 G1249A GG 238 480 1.05 (0.99-1.11) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2012b) AG-AA 151 308 0.98 (0.91-1.05) 0.10 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2012b) rs3740066 C3972T CC 143 301 1.01 (0.96-1.08) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2012b) CT-TT 246 487 1.03 (0.97-1.10) 0.69 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2012b) Cytokines IL10 rs1800872 C-592A CC 238 470 1.02 (0.97-1.07) 1, 2, 3, 9 Andersen 2012 Andersen et al. (2012b) AC-AA 140 305 1.02 (0.95-1.11) 0.92 1, 2, 3, 9 Andersen et al. (2012b) rs3024505 CC 268 553 1.02 (0.96-1.08) 1, 2, 3, 9 Andersen et al. (2012b) CT-TT 110 222 1.03 (0.96-1.10) 0.78 1, 2, 3, 9 Andersen et al. (2012b) IL10 rs1800872 C-592A CC 596 1072 1.02 (0.98-1.06) 1, 2, 3 Andersen 2013 Andersen et al. (2013b) AC-AA 353 676 1.00 (0.95-1.06) 0.46 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) rs3024505 CC 648 1,200 1.00 (0.96-1.04) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) CT-TT 297 565 1.06 (1.00-1.11) 0.04 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) IL1B rs4848306 C-3737T CC 336 560 1.01 (0.96-1.07) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) CT-TT 605 1,186 1.02 (0.98-1.06) 0.65 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) rs1143623 G-1464C GG 454 925 1.02 (0.97-1.06) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) GC-CC 492 824 1.02 (0.97-1.07) 0.94 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) rs1143627 T-31C TT 389 773 1.00 (0.96-1.05) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) TC-CC 557 983 1.03 (0.98-1.07) 0.40 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2013b) Transcription factors NFKB1 rs28362491 -94 ins/del II 122 307 0.96 (0.90-1.04) 1, 2, 3 Andersen 2010 Andersen et al. (2010) ID-DD 261 456 1.03 (0.97-1.08) 0.03 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2010) NR1I2 (PXR) rs1523127 A-24381C AA 131 261 1.04 (0.97-1.12) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2010) AC-CC 252 502 1.01 (0.95-1.06) 0.20 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2010) rs2276707 C8055T CC 237 448 1.02 (0.96-1.08) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2010) CT-TT 146 315 1.01 (0.95-1.08) 0.74 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2010) rs6785049 A7635G AA 137 264 1.01 (0.95-1.07) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2010) Table 1 continued Gene rs-number d N cases N sub-cohort IRR/OR (95 % CI) a P int b Comments c First author Year References AG-GG 246 499 1.02 (0.96-1.08) 0.60 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2010) NR1H2 (LXR) rs1405655 CC 40 76 1.01 (0.93-1.10) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2010) CT-TT 343 687 1.02 (0.96-1.07) 0.94 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2010) rs2695121 TT 117 227 1.03 (0.96-1.11) 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2010) CT-CC 266 536 1.01 (0.96-1.07) 0.43 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2010) Heme oxygenase Andersen et al. (2011a) HMOX1 (HO-1) rs2071746 A-413T AA 118 260 1.00 (0.93-1.08) 1, 2, 3 Andersen 2011 Andersen et al. (2011a, b) AT-TT 265 503 1.02 (0.97-1.08) 0.55 1, 2, 3 Andersen et al. (2011a, b) DNA repair MSH3 rs184967 R940Q RR 127 8, 10 Berndt 2007 Berndt et al. (2007) RQ-QQ 65 0.08 8, 10 Berndt et al. (2007) MSH3 rs26279 T1036A TT 85 8, 10 Berndt et al. (2007) TA-AA 102 0.002 8, 10 Berndt et al. (2007) MSH6 rs1042821 G39E GG 118 8, 10 Berndt et al. (2007) GE-EE 54 0.29 8, 10 Berndt et al. (2007) MLH1 rs1799977 I219V II 84 8, 10 Berndt et al. (2007) IV-VV 101 0.40 8, 10 Berndt et al. (2007) XPC Rs2228001 d Lys939Gln AA 141 307 1.17 (0.71-1.92) 7, 11 Hansen 2007 Hansen et al. (2007) AC 204 392 1.11 (0.70-1.75) 7, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) CC 50 98 3.70 (1.70-8.04) 0.01 7, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) XPA A23G GG 176 339 1.30 (0.78-2.17) 7, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) AG 187 359 1.41 (0.87-2.26) 7, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) AA 31 90 0.76 (0.34-1.66) 0.37 7, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) ERCC2 (XPD) Rs1799793 d Asp312Asn GG 159 333 1.25 (0.69-2.26) 7, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) AG 191 354 1.25 (0.83-1.87) 7, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) AA 46 108 1.22 (0.61-2.45) 1.00 7, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) XPC Rs2228001 d Lys939Gln AA 141 307 0.63 (0.23-1.69) 8, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) AC 204 392 0.94 (0.41-2.15) 8, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) CC 50 98 3.78 (0.64-22.29) 0.20 8, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) XPA A23G GG 176 339 0.58 (0.23-1.48) 8, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) AG 187 359 1.87 (0.73-4.83) 8, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) AA 31 90 0.31 (0.06-1.64) 0.06 8, 11 Hansen et al. (2007) Data from (Chen et al. 1998; Tiemersma et al. 2002; Sorensen et al. 2008; Chan et al. 2011) have been presented in a previous review (Andersen et al. 2013a, b).

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ABCB1 p.Thr1036Ala 25491747:60:6123

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85 DNA repair A statistically significant interaction between the intake of processed meat and the mismatch repair gene MSH3 T1036A (rs26279) and a suggestive interaction with R940Q (rs184967) was found in a prospective case-only study of approximately 185 persons (Pint = 0.002 and 0.08, respectively) (Table 1) (Berndt et al. 2007).

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ABCB1 p.Thr1036Ala 25491747:85:122

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