25 Indeed, the Tangier disease mutation C1477R has been reported to abolish apoA-I binding and HDL formation (15-17), and several missense mutations in cysteine residues within ECD1 (C54Y, C75G) and ECD2 (C1488R, C1490Y) of ABCA4 have been linked to Stargardt * Thisworkwassupportedbyagrant-in-aidforscientificresearch(S)fromthe Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan, by the Program for Promotion of Fundamental Studies in Health Sciences of the National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, and by the World Premier International Research Center Initiative, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan.

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ABCA4 p.Cys75Gly 19258317:25:186

status: NEW

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231 Several missense mutations in cysteine residues within ECD-1 (C54Y,C75G) and ECD-2 (C1488R,C1490Y) have been linked to Stargardt disease (13, 19, 38, 39).

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ABCA4 p.Cys75Gly 11320094:231:67

status: NEW

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102 Thirty-Three Truncated and 98 Amino Acid-Changing Variants in the ABCA4 Gene Exon Nucleotide Change Effect (A) (B) AMD (n ‫؍‬ 182) Control (n ‫؍‬ 96) STGD (n ‫؍‬ 374) Allele Prevalence 2 106delT FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 2 160 ϩ 1g 3 a Splice site NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 3 161G 3 A Cys54Tyr NS 0 0 6 Ͻ0.01 3 179C 3 T Ala60Val NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 3 194G 3 A Gly65Glu NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 3 223T 3 G Cys75Gly NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 3 247delCAAA FS NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 3 298C 3 T Ser100Pro NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 5 454C 3 T Arg152Stop NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 6 574G 3 A Ala192Thr NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 6 618C 3 G Ser206Arg NS 0 0 3 Ͻ0.01 6 634C 3 T Arg212Cys 0.02 Yes 0 0 7 0.01 6 635G 3 A Arg212His NS 2 2 6 0.01 6 658C 3 T Arg220Cys NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 6 661delG FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 666delAAAGACGGTGC 6 GC FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 6 746A 3 C Asp249Gly NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 8 899C 3 A Thr300Asn NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 8 997C 3 T Arg333Trp NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 9 1140T 3 A Asn380Lys NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 9 1222C 3 T Arg408Stop NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 10 1268A 3 G His423Arg NS 1 0 7 0.01 10 1335C 3 G Ser445Arg NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 10 1344delG FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 11 1411G 3 A Glu471Lys NS 0 0 3 Ͻ0.01 11 1513delATCAC FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 12 1622T 3 C Leu541Pro 0.001 Yes 0 0 11 0.01 13 1804C 3 T Arg602Trp NS 0 0 3 Ͻ0.01 13 1805G 3 A Arg602Gln NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 13 1819G 3 T Gly607Trp NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 13 1823T 3 A Phe608Ile NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 13 1927G 3 A Val643Met NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 14 1989G 3 T Trp663Stop NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 14 2005delAT FS NS 0 0 3 Ͻ0.01 14 2041C 3 T Arg681Stop NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 14 2147C 3 T Thr716Met NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 15 2291G 3 A Cys764Tyr NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 15 2294G 3 A Ser765Asn NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 15 2300T 3 A Val767Asp NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 16 2385del16bp FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 16 2453G 3 A Gly818Glu NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 16 2461T 3 A Trp821Arg NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 16 2546T 3 C Val849Ala NS 0 0 4 Ͻ0.01 16 2552G 3 A Gly851Asp NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 16 2560G 3 A Ala854Thr NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 17 2588G 3 C Gly863Ala 0.0006 No 2 2 28 0.02 17 2617T 3 C Phe873Leu NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 18 2690C 3 T Thr897Ile NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 18 2701A 3 G Thr901Ala NS 0 1 0 Ͻ0.01 18 2703A 3 G Thr901Arg NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 19 2828G 3 A Arg943Gln NS 20 13 37 0.05 19 2883delC FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 20 2894A 3 G Asn965Ser NS 0 0 3 Ͻ0.01 19 2912C 3 A Thr971Asn NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 19 2915C 3 A Thr972Asn NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 20 2920T 3 C Ser974Pro NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 20 2966T 3 C Val989Ala NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 20 2977del8bp FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 20 3041T 3 G Leu1014Arg NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 21 3055A 3 G Thr1019Ala NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 21 3064G 3 A Glu1022Lys NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 21 3091A 3 G Lys1031Glu NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 21 3113G 3 T Ala1038Val 0.001 Yes 1 0 17 0.01 22 3205insAA FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 22 3261G 3 A Glu1087Lys NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 22 3322C 3 T Arg1108Cys 0.04 Yes 0 0 6 Ͻ0.01 22 3323G 3 A Arg1108His NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 23 3364G 3 A Glu1122Lys NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 (continues) Exon Nucleotide Change Effect (A) (B) AMD (n ‫؍‬ 182) Control (n ‫؍‬ 96) STGD (n ‫؍‬ 374) Allele Prevalence 23 3386G 3 T Arg1129Leu NS 0 0 3 Ͻ0.01 24 3531C 3 A Cys1158Stop NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 25 3749T 3 C Leu1250Pro NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 26 3835delGATTCT FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 27 3940C 3 A Pro1314Thr NS 0 1 0 Ͻ0.01 28 4139C 3 T Pro1380Leu 0.001 Yes 0 0 10 0.01 28 4222T 3 C Trp1408Arg NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 28 4223G 3 T Trp1408Leu NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 28 4234C 3 T Gln1412stop NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 29 4297G 3 A Val1433Ile NS 1 0 0 Ͻ0.01 29 4319T 3 C Phe1440Ser NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 30 4353 - 1g 3 t Splice site NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 30 4457C 3 T Pro1486Leu NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 30 4462T 3 C Cys1488Arg NS 0 0 3 Ͻ0.01 30 4463G 3 T Cys1488Phe NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 30 4469G 3 A Cys1490Tyr NS 0 0 3 Ͻ0.01 30 4531insC FS NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 32 4538A 3 G Gln1513Arg NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 30 4539 ϩ 1g 3 t Splice site NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 31 4574T 3 C Leu1525Pro NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 33 4733delGTTT FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 4859delATAACAinsTCC 35 T FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 36 4909G 3 A Ala1637Thr NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 35 4918C 3 T Arg1640Trp NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 35 4919G 3 A Arg1640Gln NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 35 4954T 3 G Tyr1652Asp NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 36 5077G 3 A Val1693Ile NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 36 5186T 3 C Leu1729Pro NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 36 5206T 3 C Ser1736Pro NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 36 5212del11bp FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 37 5225delTGGTGGTGGGC FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 del LPA 37 5278del9bp 1760 NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 37 5288delG FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 38 5395A 3 G Asn1799Asp NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 38 5451T 3 G Asp1817Glu NS 1 0 4 Ͻ0.01 39 5584 ϩ 5g 3 a Splice site 0.02 Yes 0 0 6 Ͻ0.01 40 5603A 3 T Asn1868Ile 0.0006 No 20 7 79 0.08 40 5651T 3 A Val1884GLu NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 40 5657G 3 A Gly1886Glu NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 40 5687T 3 A Val1896Asp NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 40 5693G 3 A Arg1898His NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 40 5714 ϩ 5g 3 a Splice site NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 42 5843CA 3 TG Pro1948Leu NS 11 7 28 0.04 42 5882G 3 A Gly1961Glu Ͻ0.0001 Yes 1 0 43 0.03 43 5908C 3 T Leu1970Phe NS 1 0 1 Ͻ0.01 43 5917delG FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 44 6079C 3 T Leu2027Phe 0.01 Yes 0 0 9 0.01 44 6088C 3 T Arg2030Stop NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 44 6089G 3 A Arg2030Gln NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 44 6112A 3 T Arg2038Trp NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 45 6148A 3 C Val2050Leu NS 1 0 0 Ͻ0.01 46 6212A 3 T Tyr2071Phe NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 45 6229C 3 T Arg2077Trp NS 0 0 2 Ͻ0.01 46 6320G 3 A Arg2107His 0.01 Yes 0 0 10 0.01 46 6383A 3 G His2128Arg NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 47 6446G 3 T Arg2149Leu NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 47 6449G 3 A Cys2150Tyr NS 0 0 5 Ͻ0.01 48 6529G 3 A Asp2177Asn NS 2 0 0 Ͻ0.01 48 6686T 3 C Leu2229Pro NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 48 6707delTCACACAG FS NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 48 6729 ϩ 1g 3 a Splice site NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 49 6764G 3 T Ser2255Ile 0.009 No 16 4 54 0.06 49 6788G 3 T Arg2263Leu NS 0 0 1 Ͻ0.01 (A) The probability under the null hypothesis of similar prevalence of each variant in Stargardt (STGD) compared with non-STGD alleles (two-tailed Fisher`s exact test); (B) compatability of the variant existing in a ratio of 100:1 in STGD to control alleles, calculated using the binomial distribution.

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ABCA4 p.Cys75Gly 11328725:102:467

status: NEW

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103 Thirty-Three Truncated and 98 Amino Acid-Changing Variants in the ABCA4 Gene Exon Nucleotide Change Effect (A) (B) AMD (n d1d; 182) Control (n d1d; 96) STGD (n d1d; 374) Allele Prevalence 2 106delT FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 2 160 af9; 1g 3 a Splice site NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 3 161G 3 A Cys54Tyr NS 0 0 6 b0d;0.01 3 179C 3 T Ala60Val NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 3 194G 3 A Gly65Glu NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 3 223T 3 G Cys75Gly NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 3 247delCAAA FS NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 3 298C 3 T Ser100Pro NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 5 454C 3 T Arg152Stop NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 6 574G 3 A Ala192Thr NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 6 618C 3 G Ser206Arg NS 0 0 3 b0d;0.01 6 634C 3 T Arg212Cys 0.02 Yes 0 0 7 0.01 6 635G 3 A Arg212His NS 2 2 6 0.01 6 658C 3 T Arg220Cys NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 6 661delG FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 666delAAAGACGGTGC 6 GC FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 6 746A 3 C Asp249Gly NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 8 899C 3 A Thr300Asn NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 8 997C 3 T Arg333Trp NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 9 1140T 3 A Asn380Lys NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 9 1222C 3 T Arg408Stop NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 10 1268A 3 G His423Arg NS 1 0 7 0.01 10 1335C 3 G Ser445Arg NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 10 1344delG FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 11 1411G 3 A Glu471Lys NS 0 0 3 b0d;0.01 11 1513delATCAC FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 12 1622T 3 C Leu541Pro 0.001 Yes 0 0 11 0.01 13 1804C 3 T Arg602Trp NS 0 0 3 b0d;0.01 13 1805G 3 A Arg602Gln NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 13 1819G 3 T Gly607Trp NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 13 1823T 3 A Phe608Ile NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 13 1927G 3 A Val643Met NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 14 1989G 3 T Trp663Stop NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 14 2005delAT FS NS 0 0 3 b0d;0.01 14 2041C 3 T Arg681Stop NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 14 2147C 3 T Thr716Met NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 15 2291G 3 A Cys764Tyr NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 15 2294G 3 A Ser765Asn NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 15 2300T 3 A Val767Asp NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 16 2385del16bp FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 16 2453G 3 A Gly818Glu NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 16 2461T 3 A Trp821Arg NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 16 2546T 3 C Val849Ala NS 0 0 4 b0d;0.01 16 2552G 3 A Gly851Asp NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 16 2560G 3 A Ala854Thr NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 17 2588G 3 C Gly863Ala 0.0006 No 2 2 28 0.02 17 2617T 3 C Phe873Leu NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 18 2690C 3 T Thr897Ile NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 18 2701A 3 G Thr901Ala NS 0 1 0 b0d;0.01 18 2703A 3 G Thr901Arg NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 19 2828G 3 A Arg943Gln NS 20 13 37 0.05 19 2883delC FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 20 2894A 3 G Asn965Ser NS 0 0 3 b0d;0.01 19 2912C 3 A Thr971Asn NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 19 2915C 3 A Thr972Asn NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 20 2920T 3 C Ser974Pro NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 20 2966T 3 C Val989Ala NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 20 2977del8bp FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 20 3041T 3 G Leu1014Arg NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 21 3055A 3 G Thr1019Ala NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 21 3064G 3 A Glu1022Lys NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 21 3091A 3 G Lys1031Glu NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 21 3113G 3 T Ala1038Val 0.001 Yes 1 0 17 0.01 22 3205insAA FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 22 3261G 3 A Glu1087Lys NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 22 3322C 3 T Arg1108Cys 0.04 Yes 0 0 6 b0d;0.01 22 3323G 3 A Arg1108His NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 23 3364G 3 A Glu1122Lys NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 (continues) Exon Nucleotide Change Effect (A) (B) AMD (n d1d; 182) Control (n d1d; 96) STGD (n d1d; 374) Allele Prevalence 23 3386G 3 T Arg1129Leu NS 0 0 3 b0d;0.01 24 3531C 3 A Cys1158Stop NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 25 3749T 3 C Leu1250Pro NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 26 3835delGATTCT FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 27 3940C 3 A Pro1314Thr NS 0 1 0 b0d;0.01 28 4139C 3 T Pro1380Leu 0.001 Yes 0 0 10 0.01 28 4222T 3 C Trp1408Arg NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 28 4223G 3 T Trp1408Leu NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 28 4234C 3 T Gln1412stop NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 29 4297G 3 A Val1433Ile NS 1 0 0 b0d;0.01 29 4319T 3 C Phe1440Ser NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 30 4353 afa; 1g 3 t Splice site NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 30 4457C 3 T Pro1486Leu NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 30 4462T 3 C Cys1488Arg NS 0 0 3 b0d;0.01 30 4463G 3 T Cys1488Phe NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 30 4469G 3 A Cys1490Tyr NS 0 0 3 b0d;0.01 30 4531insC FS NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 32 4538A 3 G Gln1513Arg NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 30 4539 af9; 1g 3 t Splice site NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 31 4574T 3 C Leu1525Pro NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 33 4733delGTTT FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 4859delATAACAinsTCC 35 T FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 36 4909G 3 A Ala1637Thr NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 35 4918C 3 T Arg1640Trp NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 35 4919G 3 A Arg1640Gln NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 35 4954T 3 G Tyr1652Asp NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 36 5077G 3 A Val1693Ile NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 36 5186T 3 C Leu1729Pro NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 36 5206T 3 C Ser1736Pro NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 36 5212del11bp FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 37 5225delTGGTGGTGGGC FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 del LPA 37 5278del9bp 1760 NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 37 5288delG FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 38 5395A 3 G Asn1799Asp NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 38 5451T 3 G Asp1817Glu NS 1 0 4 b0d;0.01 39 5584 af9; 5g 3 a Splice site 0.02 Yes 0 0 6 b0d;0.01 40 5603A 3 T Asn1868Ile 0.0006 No 20 7 79 0.08 40 5651T 3 A Val1884GLu NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 40 5657G 3 A Gly1886Glu NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 40 5687T 3 A Val1896Asp NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 40 5693G 3 A Arg1898His NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 40 5714 af9; 5g 3 a Splice site NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 42 5843CA 3 TG Pro1948Leu NS 11 7 28 0.04 42 5882G 3 A Gly1961Glu b0d;0.0001 Yes 1 0 43 0.03 43 5908C 3 T Leu1970Phe NS 1 0 1 b0d;0.01 43 5917delG FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 44 6079C 3 T Leu2027Phe 0.01 Yes 0 0 9 0.01 44 6088C 3 T Arg2030Stop NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 44 6089G 3 A Arg2030Gln NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 44 6112A 3 T Arg2038Trp NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 45 6148A 3 C Val2050Leu NS 1 0 0 b0d;0.01 46 6212A 3 T Tyr2071Phe NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 45 6229C 3 T Arg2077Trp NS 0 0 2 b0d;0.01 46 6320G 3 A Arg2107His 0.01 Yes 0 0 10 0.01 46 6383A 3 G His2128Arg NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 47 6446G 3 T Arg2149Leu NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 47 6449G 3 A Cys2150Tyr NS 0 0 5 b0d;0.01 48 6529G 3 A Asp2177Asn NS 2 0 0 b0d;0.01 48 6686T 3 C Leu2229Pro NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 48 6707delTCACACAG FS NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 48 6729 af9; 1g 3 a Splice site NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 49 6764G 3 T Ser2255Ile 0.009 No 16 4 54 0.06 49 6788G 3 T Arg2263Leu NS 0 0 1 b0d;0.01 (A) The probability under the null hypothesis of similar prevalence of each variant in Stargardt (STGD) compared with non-STGD alleles (two-tailed Fisher`s exact test); (B) compatability of the variant existing in a ratio of 100:1 in STGD to control alleles, calculated using the binomial distribution.

X

ABCA4 p.Cys75Gly 11328725:103:419

status: NEW

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76 2 0071GrA R24H 1 19 2894ArG N965S 3 36 5196ϩ1GrA Splice 2 3 0161GrA C54Y 1 21 3113CrT A1038V 16 5196ϩ2TrC Splice 1 0179CrT A60V 1 22 3211insGT FS 1 37 5281del9 PAL1761del 1 0203CrG P68R 1 3212CrT S1071L 1 38 5459GrC R1820P 1 0223TrG C75G 1 3215TrC V1072A 1 39 5512CrT H1838Y 1 6 0634CrT R212C 1 3259GrA E1087K 1 5527CrT R1843W 1 0664del13 FS 1 3322CrT R1108C 6 40 5585-1GrA Splice 1 0746ArG D249G 1 23 3364GrA E1122K 1 5657GrA G1886E 1 8 1007CrG S336C 1 3385GrT R1129C 1 5693GrA R1898H 4 1018TrG Y340D 1 3386GrT R1129L 2 5714ϩ5GrA Splice 8 11 1411GrA E471K 1 24 3602TrG L1201R 1 42 5882GrA G1961E 16 12 1569TrG D523E 1 25 3610GrA D1204N 1 5898ϩ1GrT Splice 3 1622TrC L541P 1 28 4139CrT P1380L 4 43 5908CrT L1970F 1 1715GrA R572Q 2 4216CrT H1406Y 1 5929GrA G1977S 1 1715GrC R572P 1 4222TrC W1408R 4 6005ϩ1GrT Splice 1 13 1804CrT R602W 1 4232insTATG FS 1 44 6079CrT L2027F 11 1822TrA F608I 2 4253ϩ5GrT Splice 1 6088CrT R2030X 1 1917CrA Y639X 1 29 4297GrA V1433I 1 6089GrA R2030Q 1 1933GrA D645N 1 4316GrA G1439D 2 6112CrT R2038W 1 14 2005delAT FS 1 4319TrC F1440S 1 45 6148GrC V2050L 2 2090GrA W697X 1 4346GrA W1449X 1 6166ArT K2056X 1 2160ϩ1GrC Splice 1 30a 4462TrC C1488R 2 6229CrT R2077W 1 16 2453GrA G818E 1 4457CrT P1486L 1 46 6286GrA E2096K 1 2461TrA W821R 1 30b 4469GrA C1490Y 3 6316CrT R2106C 1 2536GrC D846H 1 4539ϩ1GrT Splice 1 47 6391GrA E2131K 1 2552GrC G851D 1 31 4577CrT T1526M 7 6415CrT R2139W 1 17 2588GrC G863A 11 4594GrA D1532N 3 6445CrT R2149X 1 19 2791GrA V931M 2 35 4947delC FS 1 48 6543del36 1181del12 1 2827CrT R943W 1 36 5041del15 VVAIC1681del 2 6709insG FS 1 2884delC FS 1 5087GrA S1696N 1 NOTE.-FS ϭ frameshift.

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ABCA4 p.Cys75Gly 9973280:76:245

status: NEW

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178 Table 2 ABCR Allelic Series MUTATION(S) PEDIGREE AGE AT ONSET (YEARS) MEAN AGE AT ONSET ‫ע‬ SD (YEARS)Allele 1 Allele 2 G863A Y340D, R772Q AR31 8 19.6 ‫ע‬ 12.7 51961GrA AR307 10 A1038V AR290 16 5714ϩ5GrA AR314 25 5898ϩ1GrT AR336 39 A1038V R572P AR321 6 12.5 ‫ע‬ 6.9 S1071L AR358 6 L1970F AR428 6 5196ϩ2TrC AR71 7 G1961E AR417 8 L2027F AR181 9 R1898H AR78 14 G863A AR290 16 G1961E AR274 20 R1108C AR393 20 R1108C AR376 25 P1380L W1408R AR341 6 8.2 ‫ע‬ 1.5 E1122K AR534 8 2005delAT AR357 8 D1532N AR423 9 W821R AR534 10 G1961E A1038V AR417 8 14.3 ‫ע‬ 4.5 C75G AR427 12 C1490Y AR370 13 2160ϩ1GrC AR218 14 4253ϩ5GrT AR373 19 A1038V AR274 20 L2027F R602W AR88 9 13.0 ‫ע‬ 5.5 A1038V AR181 9 R2149X AR263 9 T1526M AR326 19 T1526M AR391 19 (70%) had onset in the first 2 decades of life, but 11 (16%) had onset in the 3d decade and 6 (9%) in the 4th decade.

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ABCA4 p.Cys75Gly 9973280:178:671

status: NEW

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77 2 0071GrA R24H 1 19 2894ArG N965S 3 36 5196af9;1GrA Splice 2 3 0161GrA C54Y 1 21 3113CrT A1038V 16 5196af9;2TrC Splice 1 0179CrT A60V 1 22 3211insGT FS 1 37 5281del9 PAL1761del 1 0203CrG P68R 1 3212CrT S1071L 1 38 5459GrC R1820P 1 0223TrG C75G 1 3215TrC V1072A 1 39 5512CrT H1838Y 1 6 0634CrT R212C 1 3259GrA E1087K 1 5527CrT R1843W 1 0664del13 FS 1 3322CrT R1108C 6 40 5585afa;1GrA Splice 1 0746ArG D249G 1 23 3364GrA E1122K 1 5657GrA G1886E 1 8 1007CrG S336C 1 3385GrT R1129C 1 5693GrA R1898H 4 1018TrG Y340D 1 3386GrT R1129L 2 5714af9;5GrA Splice 8 11 1411GrA E471K 1 24 3602TrG L1201R 1 42 5882GrA G1961E 16 12 1569TrG D523E 1 25 3610GrA D1204N 1 5898af9;1GrT Splice 3 1622TrC L541P 1 28 4139CrT P1380L 4 43 5908CrT L1970F 1 1715GrA R572Q 2 4216CrT H1406Y 1 5929GrA G1977S 1 1715GrC R572P 1 4222TrC W1408R 4 6005af9;1GrT Splice 1 13 1804CrT R602W 1 4232insTATG FS 1 44 6079CrT L2027F 11 1822TrA F608I 2 4253af9;5GrT Splice 1 6088CrT R2030X 1 1917CrA Y639X 1 29 4297GrA V1433I 1 6089GrA R2030Q 1 1933GrA D645N 1 4316GrA G1439D 2 6112CrT R2038W 1 14 2005delAT FS 1 4319TrC F1440S 1 45 6148GrC V2050L 2 2090GrA W697X 1 4346GrA W1449X 1 6166ArT K2056X 1 2160af9;1GrC Splice 1 30a 4462TrC C1488R 2 6229CrT R2077W 1 16 2453GrA G818E 1 4457CrT P1486L 1 46 6286GrA E2096K 1 2461TrA W821R 1 30b 4469GrA C1490Y 3 6316CrT R2106C 1 2536GrC D846H 1 4539af9;1GrT Splice 1 47 6391GrA E2131K 1 2552GrC G851D 1 31 4577CrT T1526M 7 6415CrT R2139W 1 17 2588GrC G863A 11 4594GrA D1532N 3 6445CrT R2149X 1 19 2791GrA V931M 2 35 4947delC FS 1 48 6543del36 1181del12 1 2827CrT R943W 1 36 5041del15 VVAIC1681del 2 6709insG FS 1 2884delC FS 1 5087GrA S1696N 1 NOTE.-FS afd; frameshift.

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ABCA4 p.Cys75Gly 9973280:77:245

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179 Table 2 ABCR Allelic Series MUTATION(S) PEDIGREE AGE AT ONSET (YEARS) MEAN AGE AT ONSET cf2; SD (YEARS) Allele 1 Allele 2 G863A Y340D, R772Q AR31 8 19.6 cf2; 12.7 51961GrA AR307 10 A1038V AR290 16 5714af9;5GrA AR314 25 5898af9;1GrT AR336 39 A1038V R572P AR321 6 12.5 cf2; 6.9 S1071L AR358 6 L1970F AR428 6 5196af9;2TrC AR71 7 G1961E AR417 8 L2027F AR181 9 R1898H AR78 14 G863A AR290 16 G1961E AR274 20 R1108C AR393 20 R1108C AR376 25 P1380L W1408R AR341 6 8.2 cf2; 1.5 E1122K AR534 8 2005delAT AR357 8 D1532N AR423 9 W821R AR534 10 G1961E A1038V AR417 8 14.3 cf2; 4.5 C75G AR427 12 C1490Y AR370 13 2160af9;1GrC AR218 14 4253af9;5GrT AR373 19 A1038V AR274 20 L2027F R602W AR88 9 13.0 cf2; 5.5 A1038V AR181 9 R2149X AR263 9 T1526M AR326 19 T1526M AR391 19 (70%) had onset in the first 2 decades of life, but 11 (16%) had onset in the 3d decade and 6 (9%) in the 4th decade.

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ABCA4 p.Cys75Gly 9973280:179:592

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141 Allele Frequencies of 72 ABCA4 Variants Identified in a Comparison Groupa With the Typical Stargardt Disease (140 Patients Without Evidence of Foveal Sparing on Autofluorescence Imaging) Exon Nucleotide Substitution and Amino Acid Change Number of Alleles Allele Frequency 2 c.71G>A, p.Arg24His 1 0.36% 2 c.161G>A, p.Cys54Tyr 3 1.07% 3 c.223T>G, p.Cys75Gly 1 0.36% 5 c.455G>A, p.Arg152Gln 1 0.36% 5 c.454C>T, p.Arg152* 1 0.36% 5 c.466 A>G, p.Ile156Val 2 0.71% 6 c.634C>T, p. Arg212Cys 3 1.07% 6 c.656G>C, p.Arg219Thr 1 0.36% 6 c.666_678delAAAGACGGTGCGC, p.Lys223_Arg226delfs 2 0.71% 6 c.768G>T, Splicing site 4 1.42% 8 c.1037A>C, p.Lys346Thr 1 0.36% 10 c.1222C>T, p.Arg408* 3 1.07% 12 c.1622T>C, p.Leu541Pro 2 0.71% 12 c.1648 G>T, p.Gly550* 1 0.36% 13 c.1804C>T, p.Arg602Trp 1 0.36% 13 c.1817G>A, p.Gly606Asp 1 0.36% 13 c.1922G>C, p.Cys641Ser 1 0.36% Int 13 c.1937&#fe;1G>A, Splicing site 2 0.71% 14 c.1957C>T, p.Arg653Cys 2 0.71% 17 c.2588G>C, p.Gly863Ala 19 6.79% 18 c.2701A>G, p.Thr901Ala 1 0.36% 19 c.2791G>A, p.Val931Met 2 0.71% 19 c.2894A>G, p.Asn965Ser 1 0.36% 20 c.2966T>C, p.Vla989Ala 3 1.07% 20 c.2971G>C, p.Gly991Arg 2 0.71% 21 c.3056C>T, p.Thr1019Met 1 0.36% 21 c.3113C>T, p.Ala1038Val 3 1.07% 21 c.3064G>A, p.Glu1022Lys 2 0.71% 22 c.3211_3212insGT, p.Ser1071Cysfs 6 2.14% 22 c.3259G>A, p.Glu1087Lys 4 1.43% 22 c.3292C>T, p.Arg1098Cys 1 0.36% 22 c.3322C>T, p.Arg1108Cys 5 1.79% 22 c.3323G>A, p.Arg1108His 1 0.36% 23 c.3364G>A, p.Glu1122Lys 1 0.36% 23 c.3386G>A, p.Arg1129His 1 0.36% 24 c.3602T>G, p.Leu1201Arg 3 1.07% 27 c.3898C>T, p.Arg1300* 2 0.71% 28 c.4139C>T, p.Pro1380Leu 14 5.00% 28 c.4222T>C, p.Trp1408Arg 1 0.36% 28 c.4234C>T, p.Gly1412* 1 0.36% 28 c.4253&#fe;5G>T, Splice site 1 0.36% 28 c.4253&#fe;4C>T, Splice site 1 0.36% 29 c.4283C>T, p.Thr1428Met 1 0.36% 29 c.4319T>C, p.Phe1440Ser 1 0.36% 29 c.4462T>C, p.Cys1488Arg 1 0.36% 30 c.4469G>A, p.Cys1490Tyr 5 1.79% 30 c.4537_4538insC, p.Gly1513Profs 1 0.36% 31 c.4577C>T, p.Thr1526Met 2 0.71% 33 c.4715C>T, p.Thr1572Met 1 0.36% Continued on next page TABLE 3.

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ABCA4 p.Cys75Gly 23953153:141:348

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55 1 c.161G>A p.C54Y DC c.2297G>T p.G766V DC 2 2 c.223T>G p.C75G DC c.5088C>G p.S1696R DC 2 3 c.740A>C p.N247T DC c.1433T>C p.I478T B c.2345G>A p.W782* DC 2 4 c.768G>T Splice site DC 1 5 c.1222C>T p.R408* DC c.2568C>A p.Y856* DC 2 6 c.1804C>T p.R602W DC c.859-9T>C Splice site PDC 2 7 c.1805G>A p.R602Q DC c.5113C>T p.R1705W DC 2 8 c.1922G>C p.C641S DC 1 9 c.1957C>T p.R653C DC 1 10 c.1957C>T p.R653C DC 1 11 c.2588G>C p.G863A DC c.655A>T p.R219* DC 2 Allele 2 (p.R219*) was APEX-false-negative 12 c.2588G>C p.G863A DC c.1906C>T p.Q636* DC 2 13 c.2588G>C p.G863A DC c.1906C>T p.Q636* DC 2 14 c.2588G>C p.G863A DC 1 15 c.2588G>C p.G863A DC 1 16 c.2894A>G p.N965S DC c.3322C>T p.R1108C DC 2 Allele 2 (p.R1108C) was APEX-false-negative 17 c.3064G>A p.E1022K DC c.6729&#fe;4_&#fe;18delAGTTGGCCCTGGGGC Splice site DC 2 18 c.3064G>A p.E1022K DC 1 19 c.3208_3209insGT p.S1071fs DC c.2942C>T p.P981L DC c.6529G>A p.D2177N B 2 20 c.3208_3209insGT p.S1071fs DC c.1519G>T p.D507Y DC 2 21 c.3208_3209insGT p.S1071fs DC c.4634G>A p.S1545N DC 2 22 c.3208_3209insGT p.S1071fs DC 1 23 c.3292C>T p.R1098C DC c.3299T>A p.I1100N DC 2 24 c.3322C>T p.R1108C DC c.4978delC p.L1661* DC 2 25 c.3386G>A p.R1129H DC c.3208_3209insGT p.S1071fs DC c.4634G>A p.S1545N DC 3 Allele 2 (p.S1071fs) was APEX false-negative and allele 1 (p.R1129H) was NGS false-negative 26 c.4139C>T p.P1380L DC c.3191-1G>T Splice site DC 2 27 c.4139C>T p.P1380L DC c.3398T>C p.I1133T PDC 2 28 c.4139C>T p.P1380L DC c.4070C>A p.A1357E DC 2 29 c.4139C>T p.P1380L DC c.4773G>C Splice site DC 2 30 c.4139C>T p.P1380L DC 1 31 c.4139C>T p.P1380L DC 1 32 c.4139C>T p.P1380L DC 1 33 c.4234C>T p.Q1412* DC 1 34 c.4319T>C p.F1440S DC 1 35 c.4328G>A p.R1443H DC c.180delG p.M61fs DC 2 36 c.4469G>A p.C1490Y DC c.1726G>C p.D576H DC 2 37 c.4469G>A p.C1490Y DC 1 38 c.4537_4538insC p.Q1513fs DC c.5578C>T p.R1860W DC 2 Allele 1 (p.Q1513fs) was NGS-false-negative 39 c.4577C>T p.T1526M DC 1 T ABLE 2. Continued Pt Allele 1 Detected by APEX Allele 2 Detected by NGS Allele 3 Detected by NGS Total N of DC Variants Comments DNA Change Protein Change/ Effect Pred. Patho. DNA Change Protein Change/ Effect Pred. Patho. DNA Change Protein Change/ Effect Pred. Patho.

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ABCA4 p.Cys75Gly 23982839:55:57

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62 Hum Var Score (0-1) Site Wt CV Mt CV CV % Variation 3 c.161G>A p.C54Y 1 1 [ [ Lewis RA, et al. 11 Tol. 0.11 PRD 0.994 No change 1/13006 db SNP (rs150774447) 3 c.223T>G p.C75G 1 2 [ [ Lewis RA, et al. 11 Del. NA POD 0.603 No change ND 5 c.466A>G p.I156V 2 77, 78 [ [ Papaioannou M, et al. 16 Tol. 0.46 B 0.003 No change 16/13006 db SNP (rs112467008) Benign 6 c.655A>T p.R219* 1 11 [ Xi Q, et al. 27 ND 6 c.740A>C p.N247T 1 3 [ [ APEX Del. NA B 0.135 No change ND 6 c.768G>T Splice site 1 4 [ [ Klevering BJ, et al. 22 Tol. 0.56 NA Don. 70.4 58 Site broken (17.51) ND 9 c.1222C>T p.R408* 1 5 [ [ Webster AR, et al. 7 ND 12 c.1726G>C p.D576H 1 36 [ Downs K, et al. 25 POD 0.688 Acc. 68.1 39.1 Site broken (42.54) 1/13006 13 c.1804C>T p.R602W 1 6 [ [ Lewis RA, et al. 11 Del. 0.00 B 0.129 No change ND db SNP (rs 6179409) 13 c.1805G>A p.R602Q 1 7 [ [ Webster AR, et al. 7 Del. 0.04 PRD 0.513 Acc. 48.9 77.9 New site (&#fe;59.14) 2/13006 db SNP (rs61749410) 13 c.1906C>T p.Q636* 3 12, 13, 60 [ Zernant J, et al. 5 No change 1/13006 db SNP (rs145961131) 13 c.1922G>C p.C641S 1 8 [ [ Stenirri S, et al. 24 Del. 0.00 No change ND db SNP (rs61749416) 14 c.1957C>T p.R653C 2 9, 10 [ [ Rivera A, et al. 17 Del. 0.00 PRD 0.999 No change ND db SNP (rs61749420) 17 c.2588G>C p.G863A/ p.DelG863 5 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 [ [ Lewis RA, et al. 11 / Maugeri A, et al. 29 Del. 0.00 PRD 0.996 No change 68/13006 db SNP (rs76157638) 18 c.2701A>G p.T901A 1 74 [ [ APEX Tol. 0.82 B 0.008 23/13006 db SNP (rs139655975) Benign 19 c.2894A>G p.N965S 1 16 [ [ Lewis RA, et al. 11 Del. 0.03 PRD 0.981 Acc. 53.4 82.3 New site (&#fe;54.26) ND db SNP (rs201471607) 20 c.2971G>C p.G991R 1 67 [ [ Yatsenko AN, et al. 13 Del. 0.02 PRD 0.999 No change 28/13006 db SNP (rs147484266) Benign 22 c.3064G>A p.E1022K 2 17, 18 [ [ Webster AR, et al. 7 Del. 0.00 PRD 1.000 No change ND db SNP (rs61749459) 22 c.3208_3209insGT p.S1071fs 5 19, 20, 21, 22, 25 [ [ APEX ND False-negative in APEX in patient 25 22 c.3292C>T p.R1098C 1 23 [ [ Rivera A, et al. 17 Del. NA PRD 0.999 No change ND 22 c.3322C>T p.R1108C 3 16, 24, 61 [ [ Rozet JM, et al. 10 Del. 0.00 PRD 0.986 No change 1/13006 db SNP (rs61750120) False-negative in APEX in patients 16 and 61 23 c.3386G>A p.R1129H 1 25 [ Zernant J, et al. 5 PRD 0.989 No change ND False-negative in NGS in patient 25 24 c.3602T>G p.L1201R 4 72, 73, 74, 79 [ [ Lewis RA, et al. 11 Tol. 0.37 B 0.052 Don. 61.3 73.7 New site (20.08) 416/13006 db SNP (rs61750126) Benign 28 c.4139C>T p.P1380L 7 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 [ [ Lewis RA, et al. 11 Del. 0.01 B 0.377 No change 2/13006 db SNP (rs61750130) 28 c.4234C>T p.Q1412* 1 33 [ [ Rivera A, et al. 17 ND db SNP (rs61750137) 29 c.4283C>T p.T1428M 1 76 [ [ APEX Tol. 0.15 B 0.010 No change 2/13006 db SNP (rs1800549) Benign 29 c.4319T>C p.F1440S 1 34 [ [ Lewis RA, et al. 11 Del. 0.00 POD 0.744 No change ND dbSNP (rs61750141) 29 c.4326C>A p.N1442K 1 64 [ Zernant J, et al. 5 Tol. NA POD 0.374 No change ND 29 c.4328G>A p.R1443H 1 35 [ [ Rivera A, et al. 17 Del. 0.02 PRD 0.999 No change 1/13006 dbSNP (rs61750142) IVS29 c.4352&#fe;1G>A Splice site 1 73 [ Zernant J, et al. 5 Don. 82.3 55.4 WT site broken (32.62) ND 30 c.4469G>A p.C1490Y 2 36, 37 [ [ Lewis RA, et al. 11 Del. 0.00 PRD 0.994 No change ND dbSNP (rs61751402) 30 c.4538A>G p.Q1513R 1 67 [ Webster AR, et al. 7 Tol. NA Benign 0.043 Acc. 91.7 62.8 Site broken (31.55) ND T ABLE 3. Continued Exon/ IVS Nucleotide Substitution Protein Change/ Effect N of Alleles Identified Pt Method Previous Report SIFT Polyphen 2 HSF Matrix Allele Freq. by EVS Reference Comment APEX NGS Pred. Tol. Index (0-1) Pred.

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ABCA4 p.Cys75Gly 23982839:62:170

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